Classical Numismatics Discussion Members' Coin Collection Photo Gallery

Image search results - "Bronze"

Severus Alexander
Ancient Rome
Emperor Severus Alexander(222 - 232 AD) AE (Bronze) Sestertius
Struck at the Rome Mint in AD 229 - 230.

obv: IMP SEV ALEXANDER AVG - Laureate bust right, drapery on left shoulder.

rev: P M TR P VIII COS III P P - Emperor riding in quadriga right holding eagle tipped sceptre in one hand and holding the reigns in the other.
'SC' below, in exergue.

Weight: 21 Grams
Size: 32 - 33 mm

References: Cohen 377, RIC 495 5 commentsrexesq

Severus Alexander
Ancient Rome
Emperor Severus Alexander(222 - 232 AD) AE (Bronze) Sestertius
Struck at the Rome Mint in AD 229 - 230.

obv: IMP SEV ALEXANDER AVG - Laureate bust right, drapery on left shoulder.

rev: P M TR P VIII COS III P P - Emperor riding in quadriga right holding eagle tipped sceptre in one hand and holding the reigns in the other.
'SC' below, in exergue.

Weight: 21 Grams
Size: 32 mm - 33 mm

References: Cohen 377, RIC 495
-----------------------

~*~I will most likely be taking this coin out of it's plastic prison soon. I will post more pics after doing so.~*~rexesq

Bastien 277 Postumus: double sestertius (Herc Pacifero)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Herc Pacifero (264-265/6, mint II)

Bronze, 15.52 g, diameter 26 mm, die axis 11h

A/ IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC-PACIFERO; Hercules, standing left, holding olive branch, club and lion’s skin

062. Constantius II, 337-361AD. AE Centenionalis.Constantius II. AE Centenionalis. Heraclea mint. 348-51CE.

Obv. Diademed, draped bust holding globe D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG.

Rev. Emperor in military dress standing left, holding standard with chi-rho on banner and resting left hand on shield, in front of Emperor are two captives standing FEL TEMP REPARATIO Exe: SMHA.

RIC VIII, 69 Scarce, 5.61g.

A beautiful bust, which it is possibly to recreate with only a bed sheet and a single Terry's Chocolate Orange
LordBest

062A. Constantius Gallus, 351-354AD. AE2.AE2. Constantinople mint.

Obv. Bare head bust right, draped and cuirassed D N FL CL CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES.

Rev. Soldier spearing horseman left, down and holding neck of horse with one hand and reaching back with the other arm FEL TEMP R-EPARATIO. Exe: CONSS

RIC VIII, 120 (s) Scarce, page 458 - LRBC #2040/ 3.06 g
LordBest

20 spanish colonial cobs and bronze coinsminted between XVI to XVIII century. Most of them from Philippus II, III and IV reigns in XVII century. _11700Antonivs Protti

A Fallen HorsemanEnlarged and corrected for perspective reverse fragment of
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147594 Yurii P

A strange "theta" device?A panorama of two microscopic images of the reverse of
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147634

What looks like a "theta" is probably just a dot inside an oval. UPD: found a mention of this variation in one of the catalogs, indeed some of the Caesar Constans coins from Thessalonica have "dot inside o" device.Yurii P

ACHAIA, Achaean League, Elis. Circa 175-168 BC. Bronze dichalkon?Bronze Dichalkon? (16mm). Laureate head of Zeus right / AX monogram, F-A across, LY above; all within wreath tied at the bottom.

If fourree core - Imitating BCD 665.5/Clerk 280?Dino

AE4 of Valentian IIAn AE4 of Valentian II minted in Siscia between 384-347 AD. 12.1 mm, 0.92 g.

Obverse: D N VALENTINIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right

Reverse: VICTORIA AVGGG, Victory walking left, wreath in right, palm frond in left, ASIS in ex

Attribution: RIC IX 39(a), LRBC 1575,1 commentschuy1530

Alexander III HemiobolHead of Alexander as Herakles right, in lion skin headdress,

AΛEΞANΔPOY, Club and bow in case.

Help required with reference.1 commentsWill Hooton

Alexander III of Macedon BronzeAlexander III of Macedon Bronze
5,8 gr, 18 mm.Flamur H

Alexander III the Great - King of Macedonia c. 336-323 B.C.Bronze 18mm (6.24 grams) Macedonian mint, c. 336-323 B.C.
Obv: Head of Alexander the Great as Hercules right, wearing the lion-skin headdress.
Rev: AΛEΞANΔΡOY between Hercules' weapons, club above and bowcase below; thunderbolt above; Δ below.
Ref: Sear 6739; Price 275; Mueller 22; SNG Cop 1035mjabrial

Alexander Jannaeus Prutah - Hendin 469This coin, minted under the reign of Alexander Jannaeus (103 BCE - 76 BCE), is a bronze prutah.
OBV. Upside-down achor reading BAΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEΞAN[ΔΡOY].
REV. Eight ponted star, letters in the spokes, reading 'Yehonatan the King' ([HaMelech] Yehona[tan]). Beautiful desert patina. Thick for a prutah.2 commentsAarmale

Alexander the Great Bronze CoinAn Alexander the Great bronze coin minted between 325-310 BC. 19 mm, 4.72 g. Possibly a lifetime issue but likely not. The coloring brings out the detail on this very dark coin well.

Obverse: Head of Herakles in lion skin headdress

Reverse: B A Bow and case above, studded club below

Attribution: SG 6742 varchuy1530

Amphipolis, Macedonia, c. 168 - 149 B.C.Bronze AE 17, 4.247g, 17.6mm, 0o, Amphipolis mint, c. 168 - 149 B.C.
Obv: Ivy-wreathed head of Dionysos right.
Rev: AMFIPO/LEITWN, Goat standing right.
Well centered on a broad flan.
Ref: BMC Macedonia p. 48, 40 - 41; AMNG III 51, SNG Cop -; SNG Evelpidis -
VF
Scarcemjabrial

Antiochus IV Epiphanes - Antioch on Orontes (as 'Daphne') - 175/164BCAntiochus IV Epiphanes - Antioch on Orontes (as 'Daphne') - 175/164BC
AE 20.1-21.2mm : 9.016gm
OBV - Radiate diademed head facing right with diadem extending down to neck
REV - Zeus standing facing, head turned left, arm extended to left holding wreath, ANTIOXEON at right, TON PROS DAPHNEN at left with monogram at far left and far right. Quasi-municipal type struck in or after 169/8 BC. Actual location: Antioch on Orontes (For some reason Antiochus IV chose to identify it as Antioch near Daphne).
REF - SNGSpaer 1008 (8.73gm same monograms)2 commentsPtolemAE

Antique, Double-sided, both-side faced AE-Object, Visigothic bronzes, harness items ??? #01Antique, Double-sided, both-side faced AE-Object, Visigothic bronzes, harness items ??? #01
avers: Animal face (Wolf) right.
revers: Facing heads.
size: 16,5x22,5mm, weight: 3,62g,
date: A.D., ref: ???
distribution: Visigothic bronzes ???,
Q-001quadrans

Antiquities & Ancient ArtAncient bronze bracelet with incised ornaments
ends wrapped around and sliding over each
Bracelet inner diameter: Ø60mm
Width band: 4mm

ANTIQUITIES, Roman, Bronze applique of female head, c.150 A.D.Solid cast, heavy applique, in the form of a female head.
It was said to have been found outside Piercebridge Roman Fort.
Height: 2 1/9 inches.
Piercebridge Roman Fort (possibly originally known as Morbium or Vinovium) is a scheduled ancient monument situated in the village of Piercebridge on the banks of the River Tees in County Durham, England.

ANTIQUITIES, Roman, Bronze Cavalry Officer's Horse Adornment, c.3rd century ADToo large to be worn as a a soldier's cuirass decoration, this cavalry adornment was probably affixed to a horse's bridle or harness.
Weight: 14.17 g
Dimensions: 34 mm

Arpi, Apulia, Italy, c. 325 - 275 B.C.Bronze AE 21, old cut on boar, 7.464g, 20.9mm, 90o, Arpi mint, c. 325 - 275 B.C.
Obv: Laureate and bearded head of Zeus left, thunderbolt right.
Rev: Boar right, spear above, ARPANWN in exergue.
Ref: HN Italy 642, SNG ANS 637, SNG Cop 603, SNG München 438, SNG BnF 1228.
VFmjabrial

Arrowhead AE, #01, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #01, Bronze Age,
size:46,5x16,5x2,5mm,
weight:2,71g,
Q-001quadrans

Arrowhead AE, #02, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #02, Bronze Age,
size:29,5x12x6mm,
weight:2,64g,
Q-001quadrans

Arrowhead AE, #03, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #03, Bronze Age,
size:25x23x10mm,
weight:5,10,
Q-001quadrans

Arrowhead AE, #04, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #04, Bronze Age,
size:38x11x6,5mm
weight:4,03g,
Q-001quadrans

Arrowhead AE, #05, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #05, Bronze Age,
size:30x9x7mm
weight:2,41g,
Q-001quadrans

Arrowhead AE, #06, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #06, Bronze Age,
size:47,5x14,5x2,5mm
weight:2,41g,
Q-001quadrans

Arrowhead AE, #07, Bronze Age,Arrowhead AE, #07, Bronze Age,
size:43x16x6mm
weight:4,24gg,
Q-001quadrans

Arwad, PhoeniciaArwad, Phoenicia 136 - 151 B. C. 3.6 grams, 16 mm.Handini

Ascalon, Caligula 37-41 BronzeObv. Caligula head left.
Rev. City goddess holding a spear slightly to the left, an altar in front.
References: RPC 4882, BMC 27.116, 81 and Sear GIC 404.
25mm, 10.72 grams, Very rare.1 commentsCanaan

Asia Minor, Ionia, Ephesos AE17Ephesos 280 - 258 B.C.
Obv.: E-Φ, Bee within wreath
Rev.: Stag grazing r.; quiver above, magistrate's name in exergue
AE, 2.51g, 16.8mm
Ref.: SNG Cop 268 - 269shanxi

Beirut Mint Gordian III Bronze Coin uncleanGordian III circa 298 - 244 AD
Beirut Mint
Bronze 27 mm 12.6 gram
Obverse: Bust Right
Reverse: Tetrastyle temple containing facing bust of Astarte
Antonivs Protti

Beirut Phoenicia Mint Elagabalus Bronze CoinElagabalus Circa 218 - 222 AD
Beirut, Phoenicia
Bronze 25 mm 11.7 gram
Obverse: Bust right
Reverse: Tetra style temple containing Marsays with wine skin

Antonivs Protti

British Mandate of Palestine. 1942 2 Mils.British Mandate of Palestine (ca. 1922-1948). 1942 Bronze 2 Mils (28mm, 7.77g.).
2,400,000 minted.
Obverse: Trilingual spellings of “PALESTINE” in three lines with an English and Arabic date below, the first above the other.
Reverse: A sprig of olive with seven leaves and six olives, engraved as if pressed in a book. Trilingual legends around the sprig, plus an Arabic and English numeral on its right and left, announce the denomination.
References: KM# 2.
Ex Lukasz Dudek, 1-1-2012.Mark Fox

Bronze - 1730 Half Penny~
~~~
Bronze Half Penny dated 1730
King George II
~~~
~rexesq

Bronze Augustus SemisA bronze Semis of Augustus, minted between 19-2 BC. 22 mm, 5.1 g.

Obverse: Augustus, bare-headed, with the inscription PERM CAES AVG = "The Eternal Caesar Augustus".

Reverse: pieces of religious attire, an apex (cap) and simpulum (ladle), with the city's name around the edge, COLONIA PATRICIA.

Attribution: RPC 130chuy1530

Bronze Coin from Camarina SicilyA bronze coin minted in Camarina, Sicily between 410 and 405 BC. 15 mm. My 'winking owl' coin.chuy1530

Bronze coin of Antoninus PiusA Roman bronze coin of Antoninus Pius, minted in Antioch between 138 and 161 AD. 17mm, 3g.

Obverse: Antoninus wearing a laurel crown, with the partial inscription in Greek, AYTOK-, the first part of the word AUTOKRATOR = "Emperor".

Reverse: a large SC = "By Decree of the Senate" inside a wreath. An eagle sits below, and above is a Greek letter E, probably referring to year 5 of his reign (Antoninus's, not the eagle's).

Attribution: BMC 20.189.323chuy1530

Bronze coin of CaracallaA nice sized bronze coin of Caracalla, minted in Nikopolis ad Istrum between 198-201 AD. 27.3 mm, 10.4 g.

Obverse: AU K M AUR ANTWNINOC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, from behind

Reverse: UPA OOU TERTULLOU NIKOPO POC ICT, Homonoia standing left, kalathos on head, sacrificing from patera in right over flaming altar at feet on left, cornucopia in right

Attribution: Nikopolis 2012 8.18.36.1 (R4), AMNG I/I 1527 var (no altar), Varbanov I 3103 var (same, R3), SNG Cop -chuy1530

Bronze coin of ConstansA Roman bronze coin of Constans. 17.3 mm, 1.4 g.chuy1530

Bronze coin of ConstansA Roman bronze coin of Constans. 17 mm, 1.42 g. Minted in Siscia.chuy1530

Bronze coin of CrispusA bronze coin of Crispus minted between 321-322 AD in London.

Obverse: Crispus as a young Caesar (junior emperor) wearing a crested helmet and full armor, with the inscription CRISPVS NOBIL C = "Crispus, Most Noble Caesar".

Reverse: an altar, drawn with the ancients' best attempt at perspective, with a globe on top. The altar is inscribed VOTIS XX = "Vows for 20 years' rule", and the inscription around the edge of the coin is BEATA TRANQVILLITAS = "Beautiful Tranquility".

Attribution: RIC 7 London 230chuy1530

Bronze coin of GothicusA Roman bronze antoninianus of Claudius II Gothicus, minted in Rome between 268-270 AD. 20.3 mm, 2.8 g.

Obverse: IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right

Reverse FIDES EXERCI, Fides standing left, vertical standard in right, transverse standard in left

Attribution: RIC V 36chuy1530

Bronze coin of MaximianA Roman bronze coin of Maximian, minted between 286-310 AD. 21 mm, 2.41 g. Heraclea mint?

Obverse: IMP C M A MAXIMIANVS AVG Radiate draped Maximian bust, facing right

Reverse: CONCORDIA MILITVM, Maximianus standing right holding sceptre, receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter standing left, holding long sceptre

Attribution: Like RIC 607 but with HB in ex.chuy1530

Bronze coin of Maximinius IIA Roman bronze coin of Maximinius II, minted in Siscia between 309-310 AD. 25 mm, 5.08 g.

Obverse: MAXIMINVS FIL AVGG, laureate head right

Reverse: GENIO A-VGVSTI, Genius standing left, modius on head, holding patera and cornucopiae, crescent in left field, G in right field, SIS in ex

chuy1530

Bronze coin of SyracuseA Syracuse bronze coin minted between 288-279 BC. 22.1mm, 6.5g.

Obverse: DIOS ELLANIOU, laureate head of young Zeus Hellanios right; undertype (Hercules?) bust right, profile facing 12:00 visible at the top of Zeus' head

Reverse: SURAKOSIWN, eagle standing left on thunderbolt, wings open, star or monogram in left field

Attribution: Calciati II p. 315, 171chuy1530

Bronze coin of TiberiusRoman bronze coin of Tiberius, minted in Philippi Macedonia around 37AD. 16 mm, 2.79 g.

Obverse: TI AVG, bare head of Tiberius right

Reverse: Two priests ploughing right with yoke of oxen

Attribution: Like RPC I 1657 but underweightchuy1530

Bronze Cupid 2nd Century British MuseumBacchus

Bronze Dichalkon from LarissaA bronze dichalkon minted in Larissa, Thessaly between 344-300 BC. 17 mm, 4 g.

Obverse: head of the nymph Larissa right, hair rolled

Reverse: LARI-SAIWN (starting in exergue), horse crouching right, right foreleg raised, preparing to roll

Attribution: BCD Thessaly 2012 390.2; Rogers 288chuy1530

Bronze Dupondius of TrajanA Roman bronze dupondius of Trajan, minted in Rome between 103-111 AD. 27mm, 11.66g.

Obverse: IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P Trajan facing left

Reverse: SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Pax standing left with cornucopia setting fire to spoils, SC in ex

Attribution: RIC II 507chuy1530

Bronze Follis of GaleriusA Roman bronze follis of Galerius, minted in Heraclea between 308-309 AD. 25.2 mm, 5.248 g.

Obverse: IMP C GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, laureate head right

Reverse: GENIO IMPERATORIS, Genius standing left, nude but for cloak over shoulder, patera in right, cornucopia in left, •HT*G*• in ex

Attribution: RIC VI 37achuy1530

Bronze Punic Carthage CoinA bronze coin from Punic Carthage, minted between 264-241 BC. 20 mm, 4.9 g.chuy1530

Bronze Quadrans minted under ClaudiusA bronze quadrans minted under Claudius. 16 mm, 3.4 g.

Obverse: a hand holding up a set of scales, and between the pans of the scales are the letters PNR, which possibly mean PONDUS NUMMORUM RESTITUTUM = "The Weight of the Coinage Restored", or something similar. Around the edge is the partially-visible inscription [TI] CLAVDIV[S CAESAR AVG] = "Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus".

Reverse: a large SC standing for SENATUS CONSULTO = "By Decree of the Senate", with the encircling inscription PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT = "Pontifex Maximus, Holding Tribunician Power, Consul Designate for the Second Time".

Attribution: RIC 1 Claudius 85chuy1530

bronze shell, romanroman bronze shell
date: AD ca. 1. century
19,43g, ∅ 26-30mm 1 commentsLaurentius

Bronze-Knife from the "Hallstatt culture" #1Bronze-Knife from the "Hallstatt culture" #1
type: Bronze-Knife. Two holes are for rivets that attached a handle with C-shaped rim.
size: 19x59mm,
weight: 6,06g,
date: Early iron age 8th to 6th centuries B.C.,
ref: ???.
distribution: "By the 6th century BC, it spanned across territories north-south from the Main, Bohemia, the Little Carpathians, the Swiss plateau, the Salzkammergut, down to the border between Lower Styria and Lower Carniola, and from the western zone, that included Champagne-Ardenne, the Upper Rhine, and the upper Danube, to the eastern zone, that included Vienna Basin and the Danubian Lowland, for some 1000 km. " from Wikipedia.
Q-001
"The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Central European culture from the 8th to 6th centuries BC (European Early Iron Age), developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of Central Europe by the La Tène culture. It is commonly associated with Proto-Celtic and Celtic populations in the Western Hallstatt zone and with (pre-)Illyrians in the eastern Hallstatt zone." from Wikipedia.quadrans

Bronze. Antiochus III, 222–187 BC, Æ Obv. Bust of female with hair bun to the right.
Rev. Horse galloping to the right.
References: HGC9-526.
10 mm, 3.7 grams.Canaan

Bruttium, Rhegion. Bronze c. 260-215 B.C.Bruttium, Rhegion. c. 260-215 B.C. Bronze 24mm, 9.8 grams.
Obv: Diademed head of Artemis right, bow and quiver over shoulder.
Rev: RHGI-NWN Lion walking right.
Ref: HN Italy 2544; SNG ANS 725.1
EF, dark green patina.mjabrial

Carthage, Zeugitania Tanit Bronze c. 310-290 B.C.Bronze AE 17, 2.875g, 16.1mm, 315o, Sicilian mint, c. 310 - 290 B.C.
Obv: Head of Tanit left wearing wreath of grain, earring, and necklace.
Rev: Horse standing right, date palm tree in background behind horse.
Ref: SNG Cop 109 ff., SGCV II 6444.
Choice VF.mjabrial

Carthago NovaA lovely coin from Carthago Nova, Iberia. 237 - 209 B. C. 1.891 grams, 13 mm. From the days of Hannibal Barka.Handini

Castulo, Baetica, Spain, c. 150 - 100 B.C.?Bronze AE 30; Lindgren II 43, Sear GIC 15, (SNG BM Spain 1298); Weight 18.5 g, max. diameter 30.4 mm; Castulo mint, Obv. diademed young male head right, Rev. helmeted sphinx walking right, left leg raised [star before], KASTILO in Iberic script in ex; Dark olive patina, rev. edge bevelled.

Background Info., courtesy of Forvm Ancient Coins;

Of tradition, a local princess named Himilce married Hannibal and gained the alliliance of the city with the Carthaginian Empire. In 213 BCE, Castulo was the site of Hasdrubal Barca's crushing victory over the Roman army with a force of roughly 40,000 Carthaginian troops plus local Iberian mercenaries. Soon after the Romans made a pact with the residents of city and the city became an foederati (ally) of Rome.
1 commentsSteve E

Castulo, Hispania Ulterior, c. Mid 2nd - Early 1st Century B.C.Bronze semis, VF, 4.370g, 18.5mm, 180o, Castulo mint, c. Mid 2nd - Early 1st Century B.C.
Obv: Diademed male head right.
Rev: Bull standing right, crescent above, "Kastilo" in Iberian script in ex.
Ref: cf. SNG BM Spain 1353, SNG Cop 216, Villaronga-Benages 2146 (R6), Lindgren II 44
VF
Scarcemjabrial

Ceylon 1870 - one Cent Ceylon 1870 - one Cent w/ US quarter dollar for size.
Bronze.
Queen Victoriarexesq

Ceylon 1870 - one CentCeylon 1870 - one Cent w/ US quarter dollar for size.
Bronze.
Queen Victoriarexesq

Ceylon 1870 - one Cent01

Ceylon 1870 - one Cent
Queen Victoria
Bronze.rexesq

Ceylon 1870 - one Cent01

Ceylon 1870 - one Cent
Queen Victoria
Bronze.4 commentsrexesq

China, Sheng Tsu A.D. 1622 - 1722 Bronze cash. Boo Ciowan mint.China. Sheng Tsu A.D. 1622 - 1722 Bronze cash. Boo Ciowan mint. K'ANG-HSI

Claudius II Gothicus Egypt Bronze TetradrachmFirst ancient coin in my collection.1 commentsPtolemAE

ConstansEnlarged and somewhat enhanced obverse fragment of
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147629Yurii P

CONSTANS PF AVG / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE4 follis (337-350 A.D.)CONSTANS - PF AVG, (laurel and?) rosette-diademed, draped (and cuirassed?) bust right / GLORI - A EXER - CITVS, two soldiers facing each other, holding spears and shields, with one standard between them, the device on banner difficult to discern, maybe a little dot or O. Mintmark: SMTSA or SMTSΔ in exergue.

AE4, 16mm, 1.37g, die axis 12 (medal alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

P F AVG = Pius Felix Augustus = the pius (dutiful) and fortunate (happy) emperor. Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army", SMTSA/Δ= Sacra Moneta Thessalonica, officina A or Δ (i. e. workshop #1 or #4).

CONSTANS - PF AVG legend and Thessalonica mint for a one standard design point at just a single type: RIC VIII Thessalonica 57, with both SMTSA and SMTSΔ mintmarks possible. Minting date listed for this type is late, 346-348 A.D.

Flavius Julius Constans Augustus. Born c. 323. The third and youngest son of Constantine the Great and his second wife Fausta. Caesar since Dec 333 (to his father, who was the only Augustus before his death in 337 -- and together with his brothers Costantine II (eldest) and Constantius II (middle), who were elevated to caesars earlier).

Augustus since Sept 337, also joint with his brothers (Constantius got the East while the other brothers shared the West). At first he was under guardianship of Constantine II, but that relationship was very quarrelsome. In 340 Constantine II was killed in an ambush during military operations against Constans' troops in Italy, and Constans inherited his portion (i.e. the whole West) of the Empire.

As an emperor Constans led a few successful military campaigns and was also known for his activity regarding religions: was tolerant to Judaism, promulgated an edict banning pagan sacrifices, suppressed Donatism in Africa and championed Nicene Orthodoxy against Arianism (which was supported by Constantius, this led to open warfare between the brothers). He was openly homosexual, which ultimately led to his downfall: the army was tired of the rule of Constans' favorites and barbarian bodyguards, of whom he was very fond of. Assassinated by usurper Magnentius, who led the army revolt, in Feb 350. His only remaining brother, Constantius later defeated Magnentius and consolidated the whole empire under himself.Yurii P

CONSTANS PF AVG / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE4 follis (337-350 A.D.)CONSTAN-S PF AVG, laurel and rosette-diademed, draped (and cuirassed?) bust right / GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS, two soldiers facing each other, holding spears and shields, with one standard between them, O ("dot"?) on banner. Mintmark: BSIS* in exergue.

AE4, 15.5mm, 1.41g, die axis 6 (coin alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy.

P F AVG = Pius Felix Augustus = the pius (dutiful) and fortunate (happy) emperor. Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army" BSIS* = officina B (workshop #2), SIScia mint (now Sisak, Croatia), issue mark *

Mintmark BSIS* corresponds to only one type, RIC VIII Siscia 78 with the description matching this coin (except the banner device is described as "dot").
I in SIS missing due to clogged die or just got lost due to damage? Minting years mentioned for this coin are 346-348 A.D.

CONSTANS, * c. 323 † February 350 (aged ~27) in Vicus Helena, southwestern Gaul (Elne, southern France)
‡ 25 December 333 – 337 (as Caesar in Constantinople under his father); 337 – 340 (joint emperor with Constantius II and Constantine II, over Italia and Africa); 340 – 350 (after defeating Constantine II, Western Emperor, together with Constantius II in the East).

More biographical info in http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147486Yurii P

CONSTANS PF AVG / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE4 follis, 346-348 CONSTAN - S PF AVG, laureate, draped, cuirassed bust left, the laurel leaves are denoted as longish shapes / GLOR - IA EXERC - ITVS, two soldiers, helmeted, draped, cuirassed, standing front, heads turned toward each another, each holding inverted spear in outer hand and resting inner hand on shield; between them, a standard, device on banner large dot, with 3 badges. Mintmark AQS in exergue, palm branch "upright" in both left and right fields.

Ó”4, 15.5mm, 1.10g, die axis 6h (coin alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

RIC VIII Aquileia 22: ID straightforward thanks to unusual obverse and palm branches in the fields, even if the mintmark were unclear.

P F AVG = Pius Felix Augustus = the pius (dutiful) and fortunate (happy) emperor. Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army" AQuileia mint, S = officina #2.

CONSTANS, * c. 323 † February 350 (aged ~27) in Vicus Helena, southwestern Gaul (Elne, southern France)
‡ 25 December 333 – 337 (as Caesar in Constantinople under his father); 337 – 340 (joint emperor with Constantius II and Constantine II, over Italia and Africa); 340 – 350 (after defeating Constantine II, Western Emperor, together with Constantius II in the East).

More biographical info in http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147486 Yurii P

Constantine II - Camp Gate - Trier. Obv.Constantine II - Trier Mint, Germania - Camp Gate.
AD324-325
obv: CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C - Laureate bust right, draped and cuirassed. (frontal).
rev: PROVIDEN TIAE CAESS - PTR -(in exergue) - Two tiered campgate - star above.

3.1 Gramsrexesq

Constantine II - Camp Gate - Trier. Rev.Constantine II - Trier Mint, Germania - Camp Gate.
AD324-325
obv: CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C - Laureate bust right, draped and cuirassed. (frontal).
rev: PROVIDEN TIAE CAESS - PTR -(in exergue) - Two tiered campgate - star above.

3.1 Gramsrexesq

Constantinopolis Bronzeobv: CONSTAN-TINOPOLIS - Laureate, helmeted bust, holding scepter and wearing imperial mantle.
rev: Victory standing on prow, holding long scepter in right hand, and resting left hand on shield.
In left field, wreath.

2.7 Gramsrexesq

CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C (the 2nd) / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE3 follis (317-337 A.D.) CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C, laureate, cuirassed bust right / GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS, two soldiers facing each other, holding spears and shields, with one standard between them, devices on banners not very clear, but probably dots or "o". Mintmark: Epsilon SIS in exergue.

AE3, 18-19mm, 1.65g, die axis 2 (turned medal alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

IVN = IVNIOR = Junior, NOB C = Nobilitas Caesar, Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army", officina Epsilon (workshop #5), SIScia mint (now Sisak, Croatia).

Siscia mint combined with two standards and IVN NOB C variety points to only two types, RIC VII Siscia 220 and RIC VII Siscia 236, both of Constantine II, with possible officinas A, delta, gamma and epsilon. So even though the name is not very clear and theoretically the officina letter may be B rather than E, we can be sure that it is Constantine and that officina is E. Type 236 should have dots before and after the
mintmark, and it doesn't seem the case here, so this must be RIC VII Siscia 220, officina epsilon. Minting dates according to some sources: 330-335 AD.

Flavius Claudius Constantinus Augustus, born January/February 316, was the elder son if Constantine the Great and his second wife Fausta. Constantine II was born in Arles (south of modern France) and raised a Christian. On 1 March 317, he was made Caesar. A child general: in 323, at the age of seven, he took part in his father's campaign against the Sarmatians. At age ten, he became commander of Gaul, following the death of Crispus. An inscription dating to 330 records the title of Alamannicus, so it is probable that his generals won a victory over the Alamanni. His military career continued when Constantine I made him field commander during the 332 campaign against the Goths.

Following the death of his father in 337, Constantine II initially became augustus jointly with his brothers Constantius II and Constans, with the Empire divided between them and their cousins, the Caesars Dalmatius and Hannibalianus. This arrangement barely survived Constantine I’s death, as his sons arranged the slaughter of most of the rest of the family by the army. As a result, the three brothers gathered together in Pannonia and there, on 9 September 337, divided the Roman world between themselves. Constantine, proclaimed Augustus by the troops received Gaul, Britannia and Hispania. He was soon involved in the struggle between factions rupturing the unity of the Christian Church. The Western portion of the Empire, under the influence of the Popes in Rome, favored Catholicism (Nicean Orthodoxy) over Arianism, and through their intercession they convinced Constantine to free Athanasius, allowing him to return to Alexandria. This action aggravated Constantius II, who was a committed supporter of Arianism.

Constantine was initially the guardian of his younger brother Constans, whose portion of the empire was Italia, Africa and Illyricum. Constantine soon complained that he had not received the amount of territory that was his due as the eldest son. Annoyed that Constans had received Thrace and Macedonia after the death of Dalmatius, Constantine demanded that Constans hand over the African provinces, to which he agreed in order to maintain a fragile peace. Soon, however, they began quarreling over which parts of the African provinces belonged to Carthage, and thus to Constantine, and which belonged to Italy, and therefore to Constans. Further complications arose when Constans came of age and Constantine, who had grown accustomed to dominating his younger brother, would not relinquish the guardianship. In 340 Constantine marched into Italy at the head of his troops. Constans, at that time in Dacia, detached and sent a select and disciplined body of his Illyrian troops, stating that he would follow them in person with the remainder of his forces. Constantine was engaged in military operations and was killed in an ambush outside Aquileia. Constans then took control of his deceased brother's realm.Yurii P

CONSTANTINVS MAX AVG (the 1st) / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE3 follis (306-337 A.D.) CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, (laureate?) and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right / GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS, two soldiers holding spears and shields, facing each other, two standards between them, dots on banners. Mintmark SMKB in exergue

AE3, 17.5-19mm, 1.50g, die axis 12 (medal alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

MAX AVG = Maximus Augustus, the Great Emperor, Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army", SMKB = Sacra Moneta of Cyzicus (Κύζικος, now Erdek, Balıkesir Province, Turkey), officina #2

Because of the horrible surface it was very difficult to determine the type of this coin. And then I suddenly realized that the head breaks the obverse legend, and so even though it is mostly undecipherable, this immediately excludes all the ...IVN NOB C types of the three Constantine's sons. And thus we can be sure that it is a ...MAX AVG obverse of the father! By carefully looking at the second part of the legend and counting the letters I have confirmed that it is indeed NVS...AVG. Of course, the larger size and the general outlook of the head also points towards Constantine I.

The mintmark is, luckily, much more readable and with significant certainty one can see SMKB. Which points towards RIC VII Cyzicus 78 type. There is a good WildWinds example of a different officina of the same type: http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/ric/constantine/_cyzicus_RIC_vII_078.4.jpg The sources mention that this coin was minted on 330-335 A.D.

Constantine I the Great (reign 306-337), see more info at
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147487Yurii P

CONSTANTINVS MAX AVG (the 1st) / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE3/4 follis (306-337 A.D.)CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, (laurel and?) rosette diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right / GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS, two soldiers standing inward facing each other, holding spears, shields and two standards between them, "dot" (clearly filled) on banners. Mintmark: SMNE (?) in exergue.

AE3/4, 16.5-17mm, 2.46g, die axis 12 (medal alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

MAX AVG = Maximus Augustus, the Great Emperor, Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army", SMNE = Sacra Moneta Nicomedia, "officina epsilon", i. e. workshop#5.

Limiting information to only what is known for sure: the legends with the particular breaks, two standards and four-letter mintmark starting with SM, we conclude that this is definitely Constantine I, and only 3 mints are possible: SMN... Nicomedia (RIC VII Nicomedia 188), SMH... Heraclea (RIC VII Nicomedia 111) and SMK... Cyzicus (RIC VII Cyzicus 76-79). All are minted in 330-335 A.D. If the mintmark is indeed SMN..., two variations are listed: rosette-diademed and laurel- and rosette-diademed (laurels typically designated by longish shapes and rosettes as squares with dots). Since the obverse is worn, it is difficult to judge which one is the case here. One can definitely see the rosettes, but as for laurels... probably, not. Officina may be E or S, but I think E fits better.

Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus, aka Constantine the Great, aka Saint Constantine, born 27 Feb c. 272 to Flavius Valerius Constantius (aka Constantius I), a Roman Army officer of Illyrian origins, and a Greek woman of low birth Helena (aka Saint Helena). His father became Caesar, the deputy emperor in the west, in 293 AD. Constantine was sent east, where he rose through the ranks to become a military tribune under Emperors Diocletian and Galerius. In 305, Constantius raised himself to the rank of Augustus, senior western emperor, and Constantine was recalled west to campaign under his father in Britannia (Britain). Constantine was acclaimed as emperor by the army at Eboracum (modern-day York) after his father's death in 306 AD, and he emerged victorious in a series of civil wars against Emperors Maxentius and Licinius to become sole ruler of both west and east by 324 AD. He did so many a great deed that there is no point to list them here. Best known for (having some sort of Christ-related mystical experience in 312, just before the decisive Battle of the Milvian Bridge with Maxentius) being the first Roman Emperor to convert to Christianity and for being a champion of this faith, in particular, he played an influential role in the proclamation of the Edict of Milan in 313, which declared religious tolerance for Christianity in the Roman empire, and called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 that produced the statement of Christian belief known as the Nicene Creed. Died 22 May 337, famously being baptized on his deathbed. Succeeded by his 3 sons: Constantine II, Constantius II and Constans.Yurii P

Constantius IIEnlarged and corrected for perspective obverse fragment of
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147594 Yurii P

Constantius II 355-360ADObv: DNCONSTAN-TIVS PFAVG (G cut off)
Rev: SPESREI-PVBLICE EX: SCON
Arles RIC VIII 275
willruehr

Constantius II, 22 May 337 - 3 November 361 A.D.Rev.: LIBERALITAS AVG II, Liberalitas standing left with abacus & cornucopia.

The longest lived of Constantine the Great`s sons and successors, he ruled until 361 A.D. Upon Constantine`s death, Constantius received the entire eastern empire as his inheritance. Soon after he added Thrace to his empire and as his brothers were killed, he annexed their territories. When he defeated the Western usurper Magnentius he was master of the entire empire. Although he started campaigning along the Danube, war with Persia forced his return to the East. Shortly after, he received news that Julian II had been proclaimed Augustus against him. Constantius died on his way to fight this new usurper and Julian II became ruler of the Roman Empire.

Bronze AE 3, RIC 381, VF, Siscia, 1.925g, 17.88mm, 180o, 355 - 361 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse FEL TEMP REPARATIO, soldier spearing fallen horseman, M left, GSISL in ex;
Dumanyu2

CONSTANTIVS PF AVG (the 2nd) / VICTORIAE DD AVGGQ NN, AE4 follis, Siscia, 347-348 CONSTANTI - VS PF AVG, pearl-diademed with rosettes, draped and cuirassed bust right/ VICTORIAE DD AVGGQ NN, two winged Victories facing each other, each holding wreath and palm branch; between them: a palm branch upright. Mintmark Ð„SIS in exergue.

Ó”4, 15-16mm, 1.39g, die axis 6h (coin alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

RIC VIII Siscia 194. Palm branch upright between the victories is a very specific feature, that immediately narrows the search down, and together with Ð„SIS mintmark it gives RIC 194 type.

P F AVG = Pius Felix Augustus = the pius (dutiful) and fortunate (happy) emperor, VICTORIAE DD AVGGQ NN = victoriae dominorum augustorum que nostrorum = victories of our lords and emperors (lit. ...which (are) ours), triumphal wreath and palm branch were common attributes of Victories; officina #5 (epsilon) of SIScia mint (Sisak, Croatia).

CONSTANTIVS II, * 317 in Sirmium, Pannonia (Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) † 3 November 361 (aged 44) in Mopsuestia, Cilicia (near Adana, southern Turkey) ‡ 13 November 324 – 22 May 337: Caesar under his father, Constantine I; 337 – 340: co-Augustus (ruled Asian provinces & Egypt) with Constantine II and Constans; 340 – 350: co-Augustus (ruled Asian provinces & Egypt) with Constans; 350 – 3 November 361: mostly (see below) sole Augustus of the Roman Empire.

More biographical info in http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147501 Yurii P

Crispus - Standard with two captivesFollis 320
O/ IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES bust left, laureate, cuirassed, shield pointing foreward, shield on left arm (G81)
R/ VIRTVS - EXERCIT Standard inscribed VOT/X, 2 captives on ground on either side
RIC VII Siscia 123
Mint: Siscia (? SIS star in exergue. In field left S, right F above compound HL).septimus

Denmark - 1888 - 1 ore - Copenhagen. NGC - XF-45 BNDenmark, King Christian IX. Bronze 1 Ore coin.
Struck in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Certified XF 45 BN by NGC.

obv: King Christian IX's Monogram, date '1888' @ 7 o'clock, mintmark & initials @ 5 o'clock.

rev: '1 Ore'; to right grain, to left = dolphinrexesq

DN CONSTANS PF AVG / GLORIA EXERCITVS AE4 follis, Constantinople, 346-348 DN CONSTA - NS PF AVG, pearl and rosette-diademed head only, right / GLOR - IA EXERC - ITVS, two soldiers facing each other, holding spears and shields, with one standard between them, device on banner large "o"? Mintmark CONSS (or CONSI?) in exergue.

AE4, 15.5mm, 1.35g, die axis 6h (coin alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

RIC VIII Constantinople 45? Obverse legend crystal clear, reverse not so much, but seems no trailing dot, definitely pearls, rosettes – unclear, a pity, because in this type they are special "square pearl rosettes with a pearl in the centre"; device is most probably "o", weird shape due to damage (but I would not completely disregard "star" or "chi-rho" possibility); CONSS almost certain, but CONSI may be possible. This most probably narrows the type down to RIC 45. But if we allow CONSI, it allows for another, more exotic possibility of * device on banner (RIC 54).

DN = Dominus Noster = Our Lord, P F AVG = Pius Felix Augustus = the pius (dutiful) and fortunate (happy) emperor. Gloria Exercitus (noun + genitive) "The Glory of the Army" CONStantinopolis, S = officina #6.

CONSTANS, * c. 323 † February 350 (aged ~27) in Vicus Helena, southwestern Gaul (Elne, southern France)
‡ 25 December 333 – 337 (as Caesar in Constantinople under his father); 337 – 340 (joint emperor with Constantius II and Constantine II, over Italia and Africa); 340 – 350 (after defeating Constantine II, Western Emperor, together with Constantius II in the East).

More biographical info in http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147486Yurii P

DN CONSTANTIVS PF AVG (the 2nd) / FEL TEMP REPARATIO AE3/4 follis (337-361 A.D.)DN CONSTAN-TIVS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right/ FEL TEMP RE-PARATIO, Soldier spearing fallen horseman in Phrygian helmet, who is reaching backwards. Mintmark SMHΔ in exergue.

AE3/4, 16-16.5+mm, 1.95g, die axis 12 (medal alignment), material: bronze/copper-based alloy

DN = Dominus Noster = Our Lord, P F AVG = Pius Felix Augustus = the pius (dutiful) and fortunate (happy) emperor, FELicium TEMPorum REPARATIO (or FELicis TEMPoris REPARATIO) = re-establishment of the happy times, SMH = Sacra Moneta Heraclea, officina #1 (alpha) or #4 (delta). Heraclea is now Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey.

Despite the second part of the obverse legend being almost lost, this can only be Constantius II: a Constans' coin would have had a break after DN CONSTA- and a Constantius Gallus' one wouldn't have had a pearl-diademed bust. Also, the last letters of the legend seem to be VG. Factoring in the Phrygian helmet and the reaching back stance of the horseman, very clear H in the mintmark (Heraclea) and absence of any field marks, we can conclude that this must be a variety of RIC VIII Heraclea 90 type. This type should be 17-19mm in size, which is also consistent with this coin. Some sources remark that the fallen horseman type was introduced by Constans and Constantius only in 348, so this coin can be dated 348-361 A.D.

Constantius II (caesar 324-, augustus 337-361), see more info at http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-147501
2 commentsYurii P

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