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Probus, Summer 276 - September 282 A.D.

Adventus reverse types commemorate the emperor's arrival at Rome, either at the commencement of his reign or on his return from a distance. They may also refer to his arrival in some other city or province of the empire. At their accession, emperors were not conveyed in a chariot nor in any other vehicle, but went on horseback or on foot when they made their first public entry into the capital of the Roman world.RA86183. Billon antoninianus, RIC V-2 904 (S); Cohen VI 69; Pink VI-1, p. 43; Hunter IV 311 var. (A in ex); cf. SRCV III 11195 (Rome mint, etc.), Choice aEF, well centered, some silvering, porosity, light marks and corrosion, weight 3.752 g, maximum diameter 22.6 mm, die axis 0^o, Cyzicus (Kapu Dagh, Turkey) mint, 2nd emission, end 276 - beginning 277 A.D.; obverse VIRTVS PROBI AVG (the valor of Emperor Probus), radiate, helmeted, and cuirassed bust left, spear in right hand over right shoulder, oval shield decorated with charging horseman on left arm; reverse ADVENTVS PROBI AVG (the arrival of Emperor Probus), Probus on horseback left, raising right hand in salute, long scepter in left hand, horses' right foreleg raised over bound captive seated left, nothing in exergue; scarce; $180.00 (�153.00)

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Carinus, First Half 283 - Spring 285 A.D.

When this coin was struck in 282, Carinus was still the Prince of Youth, full of promise. Later he would be remembered as one of the worst Roman emperors. This infamy is, however, likely part fiction, supported by Diocletian himself. For example, the (unreliable) Historia Augusta has Carinus marrying nine wives, while neglecting to mention his only real wife, Magnia Urbica, by whom he had a son, Nigrinianus. After his death, Carinus' memory was officially condemned in the Roman proceeding known as Damnatio Memoriae. His name, along with that of his wife, was erased from inscriptions.RS71588. Billon antoninianus, Ven�ra IV 390 (LV 4227); RIC V-2 182; Cohen VI 97; Hunter III 71; Pink VI-2, p. 28; SRCV III 12302, Choice EF, most silvering remains, well centered and struck, nice portrait, some porosity, weight 4.627 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 0^o, 4th officina, Ticinum (Pavia, Italy) mint, 2nd issue as caesar, 282 - 283 A.D.; obverse M AVR CARINVS NOB CAES, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse PRINCIPI IVVENTVT (to the Prince of Youth), Carinus standing left, globe in extended right hand, spear vertical behind in left hand, bound captive seated left at feet on left, QXXI in exergue; ~~$160.00~~ SALE PRICE $144.00 ON RESERVE

Probus, Summer 276 - September 282 A.D.

Adventus reverse types commemorate the emperor's arrival at Rome, either at the commencement of his reign or on his return from a distance. They may also refer to his arrival in some other city or province of the empire. At their accession, emperors were not conveyed in a chariot nor in any other vehicle, but went on horseback or on foot when they made their first public entry into the capital of the Roman world.RA76277. Silvered antoninianus, RIC V-2 166 (S); Cohen VI 69; Hunter IV 6; Pink VI-1, pp. 55; SRCV III 11953 var. (obv leg), aEF, magnificent armed bust, most silvering remaining, perfect centering, some corrosion, weight 4.183 g, maximum diameter 23.1 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, emission 2, 277 A.D.; obverse VIRTVS PROBI AVG (the valor of Emperor Probus), radiate, helmeted, and cuirassed bust left, spear in right hand over right shoulder, oval shield on left shoulder; reverse ADVENTVS PROBI AVG (the arrival of Emperor Probus), Probus on horseback left, raising right hand in salute, long scepter in left hand, horses' right foreleg raised over bound captive seated left, R in exergue; scarce; $130.00 (�110.50)

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Probus, Summer 276 - September 282 A.D.

In 280 - 281, Probus put down three usurpers, Julius Saturninus, Proculus and Bonosus. The extent of these revolts is not clear, but there are clues that they were not just local problems (an inscription with the name of Probus erased has been found as far as Spain). In 281, the emperor was in Rome, where he celebrated his triumph.RA79969. Silvered antoninianus, RIC V-2 223; Cohen VI 766; Pink VI-1, pp. 57-58/6; Hunter IV -; SRCV III -, Choice EF, perfect centering, bold obverse, excellent portrait, much silvering, reverse die wear, weight 4.205 g, maximum diameter 22.2 mm, die axis 0^o, 1st officina, Rome mint, emission 6, 281 A.D.; obverse PROBVS P F AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIA GERM (victory over the Germans), trophy of captured arms, flanked on each side at the base by a seated bound captive facing outward, R thunderbolt A in exergue; $120.00 (�102.00)

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Constantine II, 22 May 337 - March or April 340 A.D.

Constantine II was the son of Constantine I, the eldest with his second wife, Fausta. He was born in Arles (which was renamed Constantia in his honor in 328, explaining the CON mintmarks for Arles) and was made Caesar before he was a year old in 316 A.D. Upon his father's death, Constantine II inherited the Western part of the empire. After quarreling with his brother Constans, he invaded his territory, only to be killed in an ambush near Aquileia. His coins often include "IVN" in the legend, an abbreviation for junior.RB84919. Billon centenionalis, Bastien XIII 14, pl. 1 (15 spec.); RIC VII 76 (R3); Cohen VII 227; Compass Collection 407; SRCV V 17267, VF, near centered on a tight flan, light scratches, light deposits, weight 2.887 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 0^o, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, as caesar, 1st emission, 318 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANTINO IVN NOB C, boy's laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from the front; reverse VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP, Two Victories holding wreath on altar, VOT / PR in two lines within wreath, X on altar, two captives seated back-to-back in exergue, no P - L at sides; very rare; $100.00 (�85.00)

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Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.

This coin refers Constantine's victory in the Sarmatian war in 322 A.D. According to Zosimus (lib. 2), Constantine routed the Sarmatae and drove them back beyond the Danube where they rallied to renew the fight. He defeated them and again put them to flight, taking a great number of prisoners. Their king, Rausimodus, was left among the slain.RL84287. Billon centenionalis, Hunter V 65 (also 2nd officina), RIC VII Trier 435, Cohen VII 487, SRCV IV 16284, Choice EF, attractive surfaces, nice portrait, some flatness of strike on reverse, small edge split, weight 3.058 g, maximum diameter 19.2 mm, die axis 180^o, 2nd officina, Treveri (Trier, Germany) mint, 323 - 324 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS AVG, laureate head right; reverse SARMATIA DEVICTA (Samartia vanquished), Victory advancing right, treading on captive with left foot, trophy in right hand, palm frond in left hand, STR crescent in exergue; $95.00 (�80.75)

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Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.

This coin refers Constantine's victory in the Sarmatian war in 322 A.D. According to Zosimus (lib. 2), Constantine routed the Sarmatae and drove them back beyond the Danube where they rallied to renew the fight. He defeated them and again put them to flight, taking a great number of prisoners. Their king, Rausimodus, was left among the slain.RL84284. Billon centenionalis, Hunter V 63 (also 1st officina), RIC VII Trier 435, Cohen VII 487, SRCV IV 16284, Choice EF, well centered and struck, traces of silvering, edge cracks, some die wear, weight 3.199 g, maximum diameter 19.4 mm, die axis 180^o, 1st officina, Treveri (Trier, Germany) mint, 323 - 324 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS AVG, laureate head right; reverse SARMATIA DEVICTA (Samartia vanquished), Victory advancing right, treading on captive with left foot, trophy in right hand, palm frond in left hand, PTR crescent in exergue; $90.00 (�76.50)

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Gallic Empire, Postumus, Summer 260 - Spring 269 A.D.

The legends, denomination, and mint are uncertain. In Roman Coins and Their Values III, David Sear writes, "Many bronze coins showing a radiate portrait of Postumus may appear to be dupondii but are, in all probability, either last double sestertii of the secondary mint or simply contemporary imitations which were abundant in the early years of his reign."RA85839. Orichalcum dupondius, cf. RIC V-2 233, Bastien Postume 356, SRCV III 11065 (double sestertius), Hunter IV 134 (same), VF, tight flan, reverse off center, weight 5.139 g, maximum diameter 21.0 mm, die axis 90^o, unofficial or irregular mint(?) mint, obverse IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG (or similar), radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIA AVG (or similar), Victory advancing left, wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand, captive seated left at feet on left with hands bound behind, no S C across field or in exergue; ex Sayles and Lavender; $90.00 (�76.50)

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Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D.

The reverse may commemorate Gallienus' victory over the Alemanni at Milan in 259 A.D.RS86651. Billon antoninianus, G�bl MIR 872d, RIC V-1 J18 (Lugdunum), RSC IV 308 (Lugdunum), SRCV III 10225, Choice VF, excellent portrait, well centered and struck, toned, some die wear, flan edge slightly ragged, weight 4.302 g, maximum diameter 21.9 mm, die axis 0^o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne, Germany) mint, c. 259 A.D.; obverse GALLIENVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse GERMANICVS MAX V, two captives seated back-to-back flanking the foot of a trophy of captured arms, their arms tied behind their backs; from the Jyrki Muona Collection; scarce; $90.00 (�76.50)

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Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.

For many years, the two imperial colleagues had maintained an uneasy truce, but temperatures rose again in 321 when Constantine pursued some Sarmatians, who had been ravaging territory in his realm, across the Danube into Licinius' territory. When he repeated this with another invasion, this time by the Goths who were pillaging Thrace, Licinius complained that Constantine had broken the treaty between them.RL79435. Billon follis, RIC VII Cyzicus 15 (R2), Cohen VII 71, SRCV IV 15216, Hunter V 173 ff. var. (2nd officina not listed), Choice aEF, well centered bold strike, some die wear, areas of mild porosity, weight 2.850 g, maximum diameter 20.0 mm, die axis 180^o, 2nd officina, Cyzicus (Kapu Dagh, Turkey) mint, 321 - 324 A.D.; obverse IMP C VAL LICIN LICINIVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse IOVI CONSERVATORI (to Jupiter the protector), Jupiter standing slightly left, nude but for chlamys over shoulders, Victory on globe presenting wreath in right hand, long eagle-topped scepter vertical in left hand, eagle standing left with wreath in beak at feet on left, in right field: X/IIΓ over bound captive seated right and looking left, SMKB in exergue; $85.00 (�72.25)

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