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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Military| ▸ |Captives||View Options:   | | | |
Judea Capta issue On 14 April 70 A.D., Titus surrounded Jerusalem. He allowed pilgrims to enter to celebrate Passover but this was a trap to put pressure on supplies of food and water; he refused to allow them to leave. On 10 May he began his assault on the walls. The third wall fell on 25 May. The second wall fell on 30 May. On 20 July Titus stormed the Temple Mount. On 4 August 70 A.D. Titus destroyed the Temple. The Jewish fast of Tisha B'Av mourns the Fall of Jerusalem annually on this date.
RB94481. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC II 151 (R2), BnF III 156, Hunter I 41, Cohen I 109, Hendin 1593, BMCRE II 164, SRCV I -, aF, Tiber patina, corrosion, smoothing where corrosion has been treated and removed, weight 20.680 g, maximum diameter 32.9 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 80 - 81 A.D.; obverse IMP T CAES VESP AVG P M TR P P P COS VIII, laureate bearded head left; reverse palm tree in center, morning Jewess on left seated left on pile of shields, her head propped on her left hand, Jewish captive on right standing right with hands bound behind, arms on the ground, IVD - CAP (Judaea capta) divided across upper field, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; from an Israeli collection, ex Jean Elsen (Belgium); very rare; 
Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D., Judaea Capta
This type celebrates the success of Vespasian and Titus in quelling the First Jewish Revolt. Coins commemorating this event are referred to as "Judaea Capta" issues.
SL95783. Silver denarius, RIC II-1 4 (R), Hendin 1480, BMCRE II 43, Hunter I 20, RSC II 229, SRCV I 2297, BnF III -, NGC VG, strike 4/5, surface 4/5 (5768937-002), weight 3.20 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, c. 21 Dec 69 - early 70 A.D.; obverse IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, laureate head right; reverse Judaea or Jewess seated right on ground at foot of palm tree behind her, her hands bound behind and tied to the tree, IVDAEA in exergue; NGC| Lookup; rare; Titus, 24 June 79 - 13 September 81 A.D., Judaea Capta
On 14 April 70 A.D. Titus surrounded Jerusalem. He allowed pilgrims to enter to celebrate Passover but this was a trap to put pressure on supplies of food and water; he refused to allow them to leave. On 10 May he began his assault on the walls. The third wall fell on 25 May. The second wall fell on 30 May. On 20 July Titus stormed the Temple Mount. On 4 August 70 A.D. Titus destroyed the Temple. The Jewish fast of Tisha B'Av mourns the Fall of Jerusalem annually on this date.
RS94490. Silver denarius, Hendin 1583b; RIC II-1 49; BMCRE II 31; BnF III 28; RSC II 295; Hunter I -; SRCV I -, Choice aVF, well centered, attractive toning, excellent portrait, flow lines, scratches, weight 2.876 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 1 Jul - end 79 A.D.; obverse IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M, laureate head right; reverse TR P VIIII IMP XV COS VII P P, male Jewish captive kneeling right, at the base of a trophy of captured arms on his far side, his hands bound behind his back; from an Israeli collection; Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D.
The as is a rare denomination for Septimius Severus.
RB95801. Copper as, RIC IV 805, BMCRE V 200, Cohen IV 545, Hunter III -, VF, nice green patina, nice style, tight flan, light encrustations, part of legends weak, small edge split, weight 11.403 g, maximum diameter 26.0 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 210 A.D.; obverse SEVERVS PIVS AVG, laureate head right; reverse P M TR P XVIII COS III P P, Victory standing right, holding vexillum transversely in both hand, flanked by seated at feet on each side, S - C across field below center; Roma Numismatics sale 68 (27 Feb 2020) lot 1091; ex European Collection; scarce; Gallic Empire, Postumus, Summer 260 - Spring 269 A.D.
The radiate crown indicates the double denomination. The weights are sometimes no heavier than sestertii of the period, and they are frequently overstruck on coins of the first and second century emperors. Authorities do not agree on the mint. Also, there are also many imitatives or counterfeits, some of which are very crude style, carelessly struck, or both.RA93326. Orichalcum double sestertius, RIC V-2 169, SRCV III 11065, Cohen VI 380, Hunter IV - (p. xcii), F, well centered on a tight flan, brown patina, weight 16.714 g, maximum diameter 30.7 mm, die axis 165o, uncertain (Cologne?) mint, c. 260 - 268 A.D.; obverse IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing left, wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand, captive seated left at feet on left with hands bound behind, S C in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection;
Roman Republic, L. Aemilius Lepidus Paullus, 62 B.C.
At the end of the Third Macedonian War (171 - 168 B.C.), King Perseus of Macedonia was decisively defeated by Rome at the Battle of Pydna. He surrendered to general Lucius Aemilius Paullus and was imprisoned in Rome with his half-brother Philippus and his son Alexander. The Antigonid kingdom was replaced with four republics, which were later dissolved and became the Roman province of Macedonia.RR92948. Silver denarius, RSC I Aemilia 10, Crawford 415/1, Sydenham 926, RBW Collection 1497, BMCRR I Rome 3373, SRCV I 366, Choice F, well centered, round punch on obverse, toned, light marks and scratches, weight 3.754 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 62 B.C.; obverse PAVLLVS LEPIDVS CONCORDIA, veiled and diademed head of Concordia right; reverse Paullus on right, standing left, togate, with right hand touching trophy of captured arms in center; on the left, three standing bound captives: King Perseus of Macedonia, his half-brother, and his son, TER above PAVLLVS in exergue;
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D.
In 258, Valerian put to death a number of church leaders, including Rome's bishop, Sixtus. Christians belonging to the nobility or the Roman Senate were deprived of their property and exiled. Thinking that the Christian had great hidden treasures, Valerian ordered the leading deacon, Laurentius, him to hand them over. Laurentius agreed but asked for three days to gather them to together. He assembled the poor, aged and sick in Rome and brought them before the emperor, saying "These are the true treasures of the church." Furious, Laurentius was ordered to suffer a slow and cruel death. On 10 August 258, Laurentius was scourged, beaten with irons, and had his joints dislocated. He was then placed on a grate over a fire and slowly roasted to death. Having lain there for some time, he is reported to have called out to the emperor a Latin couplet, "Assum est, inquit, versa et manduca" (This side is done, turn me over and have a bite). His executioner obliged and after he had been tormented for a considerable time, he finally lifted his eyes to heaven and with calmness yielded his spirit to God. Laurentius (Saint Lawrence) is the patron saint of comedians.RS93267. Silver antoninianus, Göbl MIR 874l, RIC V-1 J49 (Lugdunum), RSC IV 1062 (Lugdunum), SRCV III 10379, Choice VF, nice metal, well centered, flow lines, toned, some light scratches, die wear, tiny edge cracks, weight 3.231 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 180o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne) mint, 257 - 258 A.D.; obverse GALLIENVS P F AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICT GERMANICA (victory over the Germans), Victory standing right on globe, wreath in extended right hand, palm frond in left hand over left shoulder, captive seated facing outward on each side; scarce;
Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.
In 320, Crispus, eldest son of Constantine I, led a victorious campaign against the Franks, assuring twenty years of peace along the Rhine frontier. He established his residence in Augusta Treverorum (modern Trier), capital of Germania.RL20963. Billon centenionalis, Paolucci-Zub 255a, RIC VII Aquileia 48, SRCV IV 16323, Cohen VII 690, Choice gVF, well centered, nice portrait, some silvering, weight 3.122 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 330o, 1st officina, Aquileia mint, 320 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS AVG, helmeted and cuirassed bust right; reverse VIRTVS EXERCIT (courage of the army), vexillum inscribed VOT / XX, two captives seated at base facing outward, the one on the left with hands bound behind, the one on the right looking back left, S left, F right, AQP in exergue; from the Scott Collection, ex Beast Coins (2007);
Constantine the Great, 319-320 A.D.
The reverse legend abbreviates, Victoriae Laetae Principium Perpertua, which translates, "Joyous victory to the eternal Prince." VOT P R on the shield abbreviates, Vota Populi Romani, which translates, "Vows (prayers) of the Roman people."RL89615. Billon centenionalis, RIC VII Lyons 65 (R1, altar d), SRCV IV 16291, Cohen VII 631, Hunter V 87, Choice gVF, well centered on a broad flan, crude style, edge cracks, weight 2.975 g, maximum diameter 20.0 mm, die axis 180o, Lugdunum (Lyons, France) mint, 319 - 320 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS AVG, high crested (bowl shaped) helmet and cuirassed, bust right; reverse VICTORIAE LAET PRINC PERP (Joyous victory to the eternal Prince), two Victories standing facing each other, together holding shield with inscribed VOT / P R in two lines, shield resting on altar with X center, two bound captives seated back to back in exergue; ex Beast Coins VLPP Collection, ex Noble Roman Coins (2004); rare;
Constans, 9 September 337 - 19 January 350 A.D.
The reverse may advertise the resettlement and protection of Christian Goths in 348. Persecuted by the Gothic chieftain Athanaric, Wulfila obtained permission from Constantius II to migrate with his flock of converts to Moesia. They settled near Nicopolis ad Istrum.RL93277. Billon light maiorina, RIC VIII Cyzicus 72, LRBC II 2475, SRCV V 18699, Cohen VII 18, Hunter V -, Choice gVF, dark green patina with lighter highlighting deposits, weight 3.118 g, maximum diameter 22.0 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Cyzicus (Kapu Dagh, Turkey) mint, 348 - 350 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust left, holding globe in right; reverse FEL TEMP REPARATIO (happy times restored), Constans right leading barbarian from hut under tree, SMKB in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection;
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