Roman Coins of Theodosius I

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Theodosius I, 19 January 379 - 17 January 395 A.D.

Theodosius I, also known as Theodosius the Great, was the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire. The son of the famed general Count Theodosius, he was made emperor in the east by Gratian after the death of Valens at the disastrous Battle of Hadrianople, at a time when the East was ravaged in every direction by the Goths. He defeated them, but the Goths secured control of Illyricum establishing a homeland south of the Danube within the Empire's borders. Theodosius defeated the usurpers Magnus Maximus and Eugenius. He ending Roman slavery and inaugurated a feudal society, a pivotal transformation in European history. He effectively made Nicene Christianity the official state church and fostered the destruction of some prominent pagan temple including the Temple of Apollo in Delphi, the Serapeum in Alexandria, and the Vestal Virgins in Rome. In 393, he banned the Olympics in Ancient Greece. It was not until the end of the 19th century, in 1896, that the Olympics were held again. After his death, Theodosius' sons Arcadius and Honorius inherited the East and West halves respectively, and the Roman Empire was never again re-united.

Theodosius I, 19 January 379 - 17 January 395 A.D.,

AS65213. Lead bulla (tag seal), Conical, uniface, with three draped facing busts; commonly attributed to Theodosius I and his sons Arcadius and Honorius, VF, weight 9.335 g, maximum diameter 19.4 mm, $100.00 (�75.00)

RL63736. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 47(b), VF, weight 1.067 g, maximum diameter 12.4 mm, die axis 180^o, Aquileia mint, 25 Aug 383 - 28 Aug 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIA AVGGG, two Victories standing facing, each holding wreath and palm, SMAQS in ex; rare; $95.00 (�71.25)


	On 24 August 358, a little more than 25 years before this coin was struck, Nicomedia was destroyed by a major earthquake followed by a fire. The city was rebuilt, but on a smaller scale.

RL60501. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 45(b)5, VF, weight 1.082 g, maximum diameter 12.5 mm, die axis 180^o, Nicomedia (Izmit, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 28 Aug 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS REI-PVBLICAE, Victory walking left, dragging captive, cross left, SMNA in ex; very scarce; $45.00 (�33.75)


	In 390, in response to the murder of his general Butheric, Theodosius I ordered a massacre of the inhabitants of Thessaloniki. Appalled by the brutality of this action, Ambrose excommunicated him.

RL52879. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 62(b), LRBC 1865, VF, weight 2.138 g, maximum diameter 11.9 mm, die axis 0^o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, Fall 384 - Aug 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse GLORIA REI-PVLICE, campgate with two towers, B (2nd officina) left, TES in exergue; scarce; $40.00 (�30.00)


	On 24 August 358, a little more than 25 years before this coin was struck, Nicomedia was destroyed by a major earthquake followed by a fire. The city was rebuilt, but on a smaller scale.

RL60511. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 45(b)5, VF, weight 1.085 g, maximum diameter 11.2 mm, die axis 0^o, Nicomedia (Izmit, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 28 Aug 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS REI-PVBLICAE, Victory walking left, trophy of arms over shoulder in right, dragging captive with left, cross left, SMNA in ex; very scarce; $40.00 (�30.00)

The cross was rarely used in early Christian iconography, perhaps because it symbolized a purposely painful and gruesome method of public execution that most early Christians would have personally witnessed. In 315, Constantine abolished crucifixion as punishment in the Roman Empire. The Ichthys, or fish symbol, was used by early Christians. Constantine adopted the Chi-Rho Christ monogram (Christogram) as his banner (labarum). The use of a cross as the most prevalent symbol of Christianity probably gained momentum after Saint Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, traveled to the Holy Land, c. 326 - 328, and recovered the True Cross.

BB68010. Bronze AE 4, SRCV 4279, cf. RIC X 440 ff. (various mints), F, weight 1.335 g, maximum diameter 12.9 mm, die axis 270^o, uncertain mint, 425 - 435 A.D.; obverse D N THEODOSIVS P F AVG, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse cross in wreath, uncertain mint mark in ex; $40.00 (�30.00)


	In 383, Theodosius I ceded Dacia and Macedonia to Valentinian II and recognized Magnus Maximus as Augustus.

RL57906. Bronze AE 2, RIC IX 23, aVF, weight 4.766 g, maximum diameter 22.8 mm, die axis 0^o, Cyzicus (Kapu Dagh, Turkey) mint, 383 - 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, helmeted pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right holding spear and shield; reverse GLORIA RO-MANORVM, emperor standing left on galley, head right, raising right hand, Victory at helm, T left, SMKB in ex; large bronze for the period; $38.00 (�28.50)


	On 24 August 358, a little more than 25 years before this coin was struck, Nicomedia was destroyed by a major earthquake followed by a fire. The city was rebuilt, but on a smaller scale.

RL60522. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 45(b)5, VF, weight 1.869 g, maximum diameter 14.1 mm, die axis 180^o, Nicomedia (Izmit, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 28 Aug 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS REI-PVBLICAE, Victory walking left, trophy of arms over shoulder in right, dragging captive with left, cross left, SMNA in ex; very scarce; $36.00 (�27.00)


	This type was struck at Thessalonica for Valentinian II, Theodosius, and Arcadius. The regular officina are A (1st) for Valentinian II, B (2nd) and ∆ (4th) for Theodosius and Γ (3rd) for Arcadius. RIC notes that exceptions are rare.

BB60487. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 62(b), LRBC 1865, VF, weight 1.051 g, maximum diameter 12.4 mm, die axis 0^o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, Fall 384 - Aug 388 A.D.; obverse D N THEODO-SIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse GLORIA REI-PVLICE, campgate with two towers, ∆ (4th officina) left, TES in exergue; scarce; $29.00 (�21.75)


	Did you read the description and wonder, what is a staurogram? If so, note the term is in blue text. Click on any blue text in our website catalog to open a page or website where you will find a definition, explanation or related information.

BB59656. Bronze AE 4, RIC IX 86b, LRBC 2192, VF, weight 1.387 g, maximum diameter 12.5 mm, die axis 0^o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 388 - 395 A.D.; obverse D N THEODOSIVS P F AVG, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE, Victory walking left, trophy in right over shoulder, dragging captive with left, staurogram left, CONSA in ex; nice red desert earthen highlighting on a green patina; $28.00 (�21.00)

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Obverse legends:

DNTHEODOSIVSPFAVG

Catalog current as of Sunday, March 09, 2014.
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