Van Buchem
Van Buchem, H. De Fibulae Van Nijmegen. (Nijmegen, 1941).
In Dutch. The fibulae from Nijmegen [Netherlands].
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NOTE: TRANSLATIONS BELOW NEED IMPROVEMENT. PLEASE CONTRIBUTE CORRECTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS.
Table of Contents
LITERATURE LIST WITH THE ABBREVIATIONS USED... 1
INTRODUCTION... 11
1. Names... 11
2. The fibulae of Nijmegen... 15
3. Processing of the material... 26
4. Metallographic research... 33
5. Wearing practices of the fibulae... 35
6. Manufacturers and users of the fibulae... 44
CATALOG... 65
Pre-Roman era... 68
Early Roman era... 68
Middle Roman era... 100
Late Roman era... 120
Post-Roman era... 122
PLATES... I - XIX
I. Prehistoric Fibulae (Bronze Age Fibulae)
1. Simple arch fibula
2. Serpent fibula
3-5. Boat fibula
6-7. Leech fibula (Sanguisuga)
8. Spectacle fibula with two spirals
9-10. Spectacle fibula with four spirals
11. Certosa fibula.
II. Iron Age Fibulae
1. Early La Tène fibula
2-3. Middle La Tène fibula
4-5. Nauheim fibula
6-13. Cap fibula
14. Collar fibula
15-16. Wing fibula
17-19. Shield-winged fibulae
20-30. Fibula with spring sleeve
III.
1-7. Buckle fibula
8-24. Thistle fibula
IV. Rosette fibula
V.
1-24. Hook fibula
23-30. Secco fibula
VI. Arc fibula
VII.
1-26. Knick fibula
27-32. Dagger fibula
VIII. Augen fibula (Eyes Fibula)
IX. Aucissa fibula
X.
1-4. Lattice fibula (Aucissa fibula variant)
5-37. Kraftig profilierte (highly profiled) fibulae with spring pin
XI. Kraftig profilierte (highly profiled) fibulae with hinge pin
XII. Soldiers fibula (legionary fibula, wire fibula)
XIII.
1-5. Soldiers fibula (legionary fibula, wire fibula) with triangular cross-section bow
6-21. Soldiers fibula (legionary fibula, wire fibula) with a band-shaped bow
XIV.
1-9. T-shaped fibula
10-15. Trumpet fibula
16-33. Enameled stirrup fibula
XV. Geometric plate fibula
1-18. Equilateral geometric plate fibula
19-27. Plate fibula with oval or polygonal shape
XVI. Enamel plate fibula
XVII. Plate fibulae
1-5. Zoomorphic plate fibula
6. Letter plate fibula (inverted S)
7. Skeuomorphic Plate Fibula (axe)
8-9. Openwork plate fibula (Swastika)
10-12. Geometric plate fibula
13-25. Knee fibula
XVIII. Crossbow fibula
XIX.
1-4. Anglo-Saxon Fibula
5-8. Frankish Fibula
9-11. Plate Fibula
12. Knot fibula
13-28. Various fibula
29-39 Fibula fragments
afgebi. = afgebroken en ontbreekt = broken off and missing
bandv. = bandvotmig = band-shaped
besch. = beschadigd = damaged
bovendr. = bovendraads = above the wire
bijgev. = bijgevoegd = attached
bijz. = bijzonderheden = specifics
doorsn. = doorsnede =
cross section
drieh. = driehoekig = triangular
dwarsb. = dwarsbalk = crossbar
ex. = exemplaar = specimen, example
ged. = gedeeltelijk = partial
geox. = geoxydeerd = corrosion (oxidized)
geprof. = geprofileerd = profiled
grotend. = voor het grootste = the largest
gedeelte hor. = horizontaal = horizontal
hulssch. = hulsscharnier = sleeve hing
lì. = links = left
m. = met = with
naaldh. = naaldhouder =
needle catch (holder)
onderdr. = onderdraads = underwire
ontbr. = ontbreekt = missing
orn. = ornament = ornament
prof. = profilering = profiling
ie. = rechts = right
rechth. = rechthoekig = rectangular
ruitv. = ruitvormig = diamond shaped
schamierh. = scharnierhuls = hing sleeve
scharnierst. = scharnierstift = hing pin
spandr. = spandraad = tendon wire
spir. dr. = spiraaldraad =
spring (spiral wire)
steuna. = steunarm(en) = support arm(s)
steunpl. = steunplaat = support plate
uitst. = uitsteeksel = protrusion
verm. = vermoedelijk = probably
vert. = vertikaal = vertical
vierk. = vierkant = square
wa.sch. = wangenschamier = cheek(?) joint
weersz. = weerszijden = on both sides
wind. = windingen = windings
wschl. = waarschijnlijk = probably
Plates
I. Prehistoric
Fibulae 1.
Simple arch fibula 2.
Serpent fibula 3-5.
Boat fibula 6-7.
Leech fibula (Sanguisuga
fibula)
8.
Spectacle fibula with two spirals
9-10.
Spectacle fibula with four spirals
11.
Certosa fibula
II.
1. Early
La Tène fibula 2-3. Middle
La Tène fibula 4-5.
Nauheim fibula 6-13. Cap
fibulae 14. Collar
fibula 15-16. Wing
fibulae 17-19. Shield-winged
fibulae 20-30.
Fibulae with
spring sleeve
III.
1-7. Buckle fibula
8-24. Thistle fibula
IV. Rosette fibula
V.
1-24. Hook fibulae
23-30. Secco fibulae
VI. Arc fibulae
VII.
1-26. Knick fibula
27-32. Dagger fibulae
VIII. Augen fibula (Eyes Fibula)
IX. Aucissa fibula
X.
1-4. Lattice fibula (openwork Aucissa variant)
5-37. Kraftig profilierte (highly profiled) fibulae with spring
XI. Kraftig profilierte (highly profiled) fibulae with hinge
XII. Soldiers fibula (legionary fibula, wire fibula)
Series A.
1
- 4, 6. The bow curve is rounded, the bow cross section is usually but
not always round or oval, the spring section of wire is usually but not
always square in cross section.
Series B.
5, 7 - 17. Variations of Series A as described below:
5. Round opening in the needle holder.
7 - 8. S-shaped profile and with small disk at the top of the bow and knob or button on the foot.
9 - 10. S-shaped profile and with small disk at the top of the bow but without foot button.
11. S-shaped profile but without disk or foot button.
12. Notch in the bottom of the pin catch plate and ornamental horizontal notches on the bow.
13. Notch in the bottom of the pin catch plate.
14. Notch in the bottom of the pin catch plate, rectangular bow cross-section.
15 - 17. Hexagonal bow cross-section.
Series C.
18
- 27. The bow curve is more angular, the bow cross section is usually
but not always band-shaped, the spring section of wire is usually but
not always square in cross section.
Series D.
28 - 37. Variations of Series C as described below:
28. Foot button and round opening in the pin catch plate.
29. Round opening in the pin catch plate.
30. Foot button, no opening in the pin catch plate.
31. Two notches in the bottom of the pin catch plate.
32. Notch in the bottom of the pin catch plate.
33 - 34. Notch in the bottom of the pin catch plate and ornamental horizontal notches on the bow.
35. Ornamental horizontal notches on the bow, no notch in the pin catch plate.
36 - 37. Rectangular bow cross-section.
XIII.
1-5. Soldiers fibula (legionary fibula, wire fibula) with triangular cross-section bow
6-21. Soldiers fibula (legionary fibula, wire fibula) with a band-shaped bow
XIV.
1-9. T-shaped fibula
10-15. Trumpet fibula
16-33. Enameled stirrup fibula
XV. Geometric plate fibula
1-18. Equilateral fibula
19-27 Plate fibula with oval or polygonal shape
XVI. Enamel plate fibula
XVII. Plate fibulae
1-5. Zoomorphic plate fibula
6. Letter plate fibula (inverted S)
7. Skeuomorphic Plate Fibula (axe)
8-9. Openwork plate fibula (Swastika)
10-12. Geometric plate fibula
13-25. Knee fibula
XVIII. Crossbow fibula
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