RIC VII
Bruun, P. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. VII, Constantine and Licinius A.D. 313 - 337. (London, 1966).
The primary reference for Roman imperial coins of Constantine and Licinius. Pages i - xxxii and 1 - 778, 24 plates.
Rarity Ratings
C3: [Common] more than 41 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
C2: [Common] 31-40 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
C1: [Common] 22-30 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
S: [Scarce] 16-21 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
R1: [Rare] 11-15 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
R2: [Rare] 7-10 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
R3: [Rare] 4-6 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
R4: [Very Rare] 2-3 coins known [to the writers when the book was written]
R5: Unique [only one in the collections examined]
Obverse Busts
(The busts are turned right unless otherwise stated. A bust turned left is indicated by the letter 'l.' added to the corresponding obv. symbol)
(i) Plain busts
(A) bare-headed
A1 head bare
A2 head bare, dr., cuir., seen from back
A3 head bare, dr.; cuir., bust facing
A4 head bare, dr., cuir.
A5 head bare, cuir.
A6 head bare, waved hair, mantled (Fausta)
A7 head hare, hut intertwined plaits encircling head, plaits decorated with hair-pins, mantled with necklace (Constantia)
(B) laureate
B1 head laur.
B2 head laur., looking upwards
B3 bust laur., dr., cuir., seen from back
B4 bust laur., dr., cuir.
B5 bust laur., cuir.
B6 bust laur., wearing trabea
(C) radiate
C1 head rad.
C2 bust rad., dr., cuir., seen' from back
C3 bust rad., dr., cuir.
C4 bust rad., cuir.
(D) helmeted
D1 helmeted, dr., cuir.
D2 helmeted, cuir.
D3 helmeted, wearing imperial cloak (Urbs Roma)
D4 helmet with plume, wearing imperial cloak (Urbs Roma)
D5 laur. helmet, dr., cuir.
D6 laur. helmet, cuir.
D7 high-crested helmet (bowl-shaped), cuir.
(E) diademed
E1 head with plain diadem
E2 head with rosette-diadem
E3 head with pearl-diadem
E4 head with plain diadem, looking upwards
E5 head with rosette-diadem, looking upwards
E6 head with pearl-diadem, looking upwards
E7 plain diadem, dr., cuir. bust
E8 rosette-diadem, dr., cuir. bust
E9 pearl-diadem, dr., cuir. bust
E10 diademed, mantled, with necklace (Helena)
E11 double pearl diadem with forehead jewel on plait encircling head, mantled with necklace (Helena)
(F) veiled
F1 head veiled and laur.
(ii) Busts with adjuncts
(G) laur. with spear and/or shield (also either together or with other adjuncts)
G1 dr., spear across r. shoulder
G2 cuir., spear across r. shoulder
G3 dr. with shield
G4 cuir. with shield
G5 cuir., spear across r. shoulder, shield on 1. arm
G6 head r., bust cuir ., facing, spear across r. shoulder, shield on I. arm
G7 heroic (nude) bust, spear pointing forward, shield on 1. arm
G8 cuir. with spear pointing forward, shield on 1. arm
G9 cuir. with spear pointing forward, shield on r. arm
G10 dr., cuir. with spear pointing forward, globe in 1. hand
G11 cuir ., spear across 1. shoulder, holding horse by bridle with 1. hand
G12 cuir., shield on]. arm, holding horse by bridle with 1. hand
G13 cuir., spear and shield on 1. arm, holding horse br bridle with 1. hand
G14 cuir., two arrows in r. hand, one in 1. hand, shield on 1. arm
(H) helmeted with spear and/or shield
H1 cuir., spear across r. shoulder
H2 cuir., spear across r. shoulder, shield on 1. arm
H3 cuir., spear across 1. shoulder, shield
H4 cuir., spear pointing forward, shield
H5 dr., spear on 1. arm, holding horse by bridle with r. hand
H6 laur. helmet, cuir., spear across r. shoulder, shield on 1. arm
H7 laur. helmet, dr., spear pointing forward, shield on 1. arm
HS laur. helmet, cuir., spear pointing forward, shield on 1. arm
H9 laur. helmet, cuir., shield on 1. shoulder, Victory on globe in r. hand
H10 laur. helmet, cuir., spear across r. shoulder, shield on 1. arm, holding horse by bridle
H11 high-crested helmet, cuir., spear across r. shoulder
H12 high-crested helmet, cuir., spear across r. shoulder, shield on 1. arm
H13 high-crested helmet, cuir., three-quarters facing, holding horse by bridle with r. hand, reversed spear on 1. arm
H14 high-crested helmet, cuir., three-quarters facing, reversed spear across r. shoulder, shield on 1. arm
(I) with Victory on globe
I1 laur., dr., Victory on globe in r. hand, mappa in 1. hand
I2 laur., dr., Victory on globe in r. hand, sceptre in 1. hand1
I3 laur., dr., cuir., Victory on globe in r. hand, spear across r. shoulder
I4 laur., dr., cuir., Victory on globe in 1. hand, spear pointing forward in r. hand
I5 laur., cuir., spear across 1. shoulder, shield, Victory on globe in 1. hand
I6 rad., with trabea, Victory on globe in r. hand
I7 head with nimbus, bust three-quarters facing, wearing trabea, Victory on globe in r. hand, sceptre in 1. hand2
I8 diademed, dr., cuir., Victory on globe in r. hand
I9 high-crested helmet, cuir., Victory on globe in r. hand
I10 laur., dr., cuir., Victory on globe in I. hand, raising r. hand
(J) with globe, sceptre, and/or mappa
J1 laur., dr., globe, sceptre in I. hand, mappa in r. hand
J2 laur., cuir., mappa in 1. hand
J3 laur., dr., cuir., mappa in raised r. hand, sceptre across I. shoulder
(K) consular
K1 laur., wearing trabea
K2 laur., cuir., eagle-tipped sceptre in r. hand
K3 laur., wearing trabea, eagle-tipped sceptre in r. hand
K4 laur., wearing trabea, eagle-tipped sceptre in r. hand, globe
K5 rad., wearing trabea, eagle-tipped sceptre in r. hand
K6 helmeted, cuir., eagle-tipped sceptre in r. hand
K7 diademed, wearing trabea, eagle-tipped sceptre in r. hand
(L) showing imperatorial gestus (raising hand, holding globe)
L1 laur., dr., cuir., raising r. hand
L2 laur., cuir., raising r. hand
L3 laur., dr., cuir., raising r. hand, globe in I. hand
L4 rad., cuir., raising r. hand, globe in I. hand
L5 rad., wearing trabea, raising r. hand, globe in 1. hand
L6 nimbate bust, facing, dr., cuir., raising r. hand, globe in I. hand3
L7 helmeted, cuir., raising r. hand
L8 diademed, dr., cuir., raising r. hand, globe in 1. hand
(M) with globe
M1 laur., cuir., with globe
M2 laur., wearing trabea, holding globe
M3 high-crested helmet, wearing trabea, holding globe
(N) helmeted with reversed spear (Constantinopolis)
N1 laur. helmet, wearing imperial cloak, reversed spear
N2 helmet with pearl diadem, wearing imperial cloak, reversed spear4
1 The busts I1 and I2 are probably identical. The object in the I. hand, frequently described as sceptre or sword handle, is probably a mappa.
2 Same as Q3.
3 Same as Q2.
4 The pearl diadem is not a diadem proper, but is the result of the technique of engraving the laurel wreath, particularly at Cyzicus.
Table of Contents (partial)
Catalogue of Coins With Introductions to the Mints
London 92
Lyons 117
Trier 143
Arles 226
Rome 280
Ticinum 349
Aquileia 388
Siscia 411
Sirmium 462
Serdica 478
Thessalonica 481
Heraclea 532
Constantinople 562
Nicomedia 591
Cyzicus 636
Antioch 661
Alexandria 698
Addenda and Corrigenda 713
Index of Obverse Legends 721
Index of Reverse Legends and Types 728
General Index 765
Plates
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