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XXI
Abb. - Abbildung - illustration
Abbildung - illustration
aber - but
Abkürzungen - abbreviations
abwärts - down (upside down)
Abweichungen - deviations (varieties)
achtel - one-eighth
achtstrahliger stern - eight pointed star
Adl. - Adler - eagle
Adler - eagle
Alderschwert - eagle sword
Adlerzepter - eagle tipped scepter
Androkephaler Stier - man-faced bull
Ähre - grain-ear
Ährenkranz - wreath of grain ears
alle - all
allen - all
auf - on
Anfang - start or beginning
antike - ancient
As. - Avers - obverse
ASw. - eagle tipped scepter (Adlerschwert)
außer - except
aufwärts - upwards
ausgebreiteten - spread (wings)
Av. - obverse (avers)
Avers - obverse
AZ. - eagle tipped scepter (Adlerzepter)
B - Büste - bust
bärtig - bearded
bart - beard
Bb. - Brustbild - bust
belorbeerte - laureate
ber. - berieben - rubbed, scraped
Beschreibung - description
bis - to
Biene - bee
beiden - two
Beizeichen - mintmark
blickend - looking
Blitzbündel - thunderbolt
Bloße - only
Blume - flower
Blumenkreuz - flower cross
Bogen - bow
Br. - Brustbild - bust
Brd. - Brustbild - bust
Brustbild - bust
Buchstabe - letter'
Bz. - Beizeichen - mintmark
C(h). - Panzer (v. hinten) - cuirassed seen from behind
dahinter - behind
Datum - date
dem - the
desgl. - desgleichen- ditto, same as above
dgl. - desgleichen - ditto, same
Die - the
Dieselben - the same
Dreizackspitze - trident head
Doppelfüllhorn - double cornucopia
Dreifuß - tripod
Dreizack - trident
drittel - one third
drei - three
Durchmesser - diameter
ebd. - ibid
ebenso - ditto
edelmetall - electrum
Eidechse - lizard
Efeublatt - ivy leaf
Efeukranz - wreath of ivy leaves
einfachem - single
(mit) eingerollten Haaren - curled (rolled) hair
einteiligem - one-piece
einem - a (one)
erhoben - raised
Fackel - torch
Falke - falcon
Feld - field
Felsen - rock
Fh. - füllhorn - cornucopia
flatterndem - fluttering (cloak flying behind)
Flossgott - river god.
Flügeln - wings
frühes - early; other forms früh, frühe, früher, etc.
Frühjahr - spring
Füße - feet
Füllhorn - cornucopia
Fuss - foot
Gallien - Gaul
Giebelfeld - gabel
geflügelt - winged
geöffneten - open
gepanzerte - armored/cuirassed
geschlungen - looped
gesenkten - lowered
Gestalt - figure
Getreideähre - ear of grain
Gewand - garment
gewandbuste - draped bust
gewendet (Kopf nach hinten gewendet) - turned (head turned back) also 'gewandt'
gewunden - wound (coiled)
Ggstpl. - countermark
Gleich - same (same as above)
Haare - hair
Halb - half
Halbiertes - halved
halbnackt - half naked
Hälfte - half (2. Hälfte - 2nd half of the year)
Halskette - necklace
hält - holds
haltend - holding
Hase - hare
heilige - saint
Helm - helmet
Herbst - autumn, fall
hl. - heilige - saint
Hm. - Helm - helmet
Hmb. - Helmbüste - helmeted bust
Hs. - obverse (Hauptseite)
Hüften - hips
i.A. - im Abschnitt - in exergue
i. F. l. - in field left (im Feld linker)
ihm - him or it
im - in
in der vorg. R. - in the extended right (hand)
innen - inside
J. - Jahr - year
Jagdhund - hound
Jahr - year
Jahren - years
Jahrgang - year
Jahreshälfte - half year
Jahreszahl - date
Jahrhundert - century
Jg. - Jahrgang - year
just. - justiert - adjusted
justiert - adjusted
K - Kaiser - emperor
Kaninchen - rabbit
Kaiser - emperor
kauernd - cowering (preparing to pounce)
Kb. = Konsularbüste - bust wearing ornate consular robes (often left, holding and eagle tipped scepter)
kein - no, none, not any
Kerykeion - caduceus
keule - club
Kleinkl. - klein - small
asien - Asia Minor
Korymben - berry bunches
Kopf - head
kopfüber - head-first (head down)
Kranz - wreath
Kreis - circle
Krieger - warrior (soldier)
l. - left (links)
L. - laurel wreath (Lorbeerkranz)
lang - long
Lanze - lance/spear
laufend - running
Linien - lines
links - left
Linkskopf - head left
Lorbeerkranz - laurel wreath
Löwe - lion
Löwenfell - lion skin
m. - with (mit)
M. - cloak (Mantel)
M.S. - Meine Sammlung - my collection
Mannes - Man
männlich - male
Mantel - cloak (paludamentum)
Maus - mouse
mit - with
Mittel - middle, central
Mittelerz - an old expression for middle bronzes (dupondii and asses)
Mohn - poppy
Mondsichel - crescent moon
Mst. - Münzstätte - mint
mücke - mosquito
Münzen - coins
Münzstätte - mint
Münzzeichen - mintmark
Mzst. - Münzstätte - mint
mzz. - Münzzeichen - mintmark
nach - after or to, towards (see below)
nach links - to left or facing left
nach rechts - to right or facing right
nach unten - downward
n. l. - facing left or to left (nach links)
n. r. - facing right or to right (nach rechts)
Nackt - naked
Nashorn - rhinoceros
neben - beside (next to)
Nicht-königliche - non-royal
Nicht publiziert - not published
Nilpferd - hippo
o.D. - ohne Datum - no date
o.J. - ohne Jahr - no year
Oder - or
Offizinnummer - officina number
ohne - without
ohne Trennung - without break (legend)
ohranhänger - earring
Östliches - Eastern
P. - cuirass (Panzer)
palmzweig - palm frond
Panzer - armor (cuirass)
Perlkreis - border of dots
Pfeile - arrows
Pferd - horse
Phiale - patera
Prägung(-en (pl.)) - coinage
Punkt - point (pellet or dot)
r. - rechts - right
R. - Rücken - reverse
Randschrift - edge lettering
rechts - right
Reiter - rider (horseman)
Revers - reverse
Römer - Roman (noun)
römisch - Roman (adjective)
römische Münzen - Roman coins
Rs. - Revers - reverse
Rücken gesehen - back seen (bust from behind)
Rückseite - reverse, back
Ruder - rudder
Rs. - reverse
Rschr. - Randschrift - edge lettering
Sammlung - collection
Säule - column
Schakal - jackel
Schale - patera
Scheibe - disc
Schiffsvordertheil- Ship prow
Schild - shield
Schilf - reeds
Schlange - snake
Schleier - veil
Schöpfkelle - ladle (simpulum)
schnabel - bird's beak
Schulter - shoulder
Schrötling - planchet, flan
sechzehntel - one sixteenth
schräg - obliquely
sitzt - sits
sitzend - sitting
Slg. - collection
spätes - late
Spätmittelalter - Late Middle Ages
sprengend - galloping
st. - specimen (stück)
stab - rod
stadtgottheit - city goddess
Stempelgleich - Countermark
Steuer - rudder
stiefeln - boots
Strahlenkranz - radiate crown or halo (nimbus)
stehend - standing
Stern - star
Stier - bull
Strahlenkrone - radiate crown
Szepter - scepter
tafel (taf., tf) - plate
teilweise - sometimes
teilweise auf der l. - in part on the left (slight drapery only on the left shoulder)
Thron - throne
thronend - enthroned
Tisch - table
trägt - carries, bears
Traube - grapes
über - over
Udschr. - Unterschrift - signature
umgewandt - turned around (usually, referring to head turned back)
umwickelt - wraps around
und - and
Unterschrift - signature
V. or Vs. - Vorderseite - obverse
vergleichen - compare with (cf.)
verschleierter - veiled
verzierte - decorated, ornamented
vgl. - see (cf., compare with)
Vierbeiniger Tisch - four legged table
vierundzwanzigstel - 1/24th
viertel - one quarter
vom Rücken gesehen - seen from behind
von - of
von hinten gesehen - seen from behind
vor - before
vorn - in front
Vorderseite - obverse
vorderseitenstempel - obverse die
Waage - scales
Wappen - coat of arms
weibliche - female
Weintraube - bunch of grapes
weiterer - another
Winz - tiny
Wertziffer - numeral of value
wie (genauso wie) - as (same as)
wie vorher - as before (same as the coin above)
wie zuvor (genauso wie die Münze zuvor) - as before (same as the coin above)
WZ. - Wertziffer - numeral of value
Zepter - Szepter - scepter
zwf. - zweifach - double
Zügel - reins
zweiunddreißigstel - 1/32nd
zwölftel - one-twelfth
Zweig - branch
Zwischen - between
bärtigen - bearded
beiden - two
Brust - bust
Br. - bust (Brustbild)
die - the
ebenso - ditto
Gewand - draped (garment)
l. - left (links)
Kopf - head
K. - head (Kopf)
Krone - radiate (crown)
L. - laurel wreath (Lorbeerkranz)
m. - with (mit)
M. - draped (Mantel)
r. - right (rechts)
P. - cuirass (Panzer)
und - and
Samples:
Br. m. L. P. M. r. - laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Kopf. m. L. r. - laureate head right.
K. m. L. r. - laureate head right.
Brust mit Gerwand r. - bare-headed, draped bust right.
Kopf r. - bare head right.
fast - almost, nearly
gut = G - good
sge. - sehr gut = VG - very good
s. - schön = F - fine
s.s. - sehr schön = VF - very fine
s. sch. - sehr schön = VF - very fine
g. ss. - gutes sehr schön - good very fine
Vorz. erh. - vorzüglich erhalten = EF - extremely fine
vz. - vorzüglich = EF - extremely fine
vz.-st. - vorzüglich - stempelglanz = EF, with luster
bf., bfr., bkfr. - bankfrisch = UNC - uncirculated
kfr. - kassenfrisch - uncirculated
kassenfrisch - uncirculated
P.P. - polierte platte = proof
st. - Stempelglanz = with luster
ea. - Erstabschlag = first struck
stgl. - stempelglanz - FDC
aufpoliert - polished
ausgesprochen - bold
Belegstücke - a replica or a very poor specimen, offered as a place holder the collector can use until a worthy genuine coin can be acquired.
ca. - cirka - about
dezentriert - off center
dkl. - dunkel - dark
Dunkle Tönung - dark toning
Erh. - Erhaltung - condition
Etwas - slight
fast - almost, nearly
gel. - gelocht - holed
gelocht - holed
gereinigt - cleaned
getont - toned
gewelit - flan wave or bend
gl. - glatt - smoothed
glatt - smoothed
Ggstpl. - countermark
Henkelspur - ex jewelry, trace of mounting
Hklsp. - Henkelspur - ex jewelry, trace of mounting
Hksp. - Henkelspur - ex jewelry, trace of mounting
Hornsilberauflage - horn silver (thick black silver oxides)
kl. - klein - small
Knapper Schrötling - tight flan
Kratzer - scratched
Korrosionsp. - corrosion marks/pitting
Korrosionsspuren - traces of corrosion
leicht - slightly
Leichete Tönung - light toning
pat. - patiniert - patinated
patiniert - patinated
poliert - polished
porös - porous
Prägeschwächen - weak strike
Reinigungsp. - cleaning marks
Riss - crack.
Schrötling - planchet, flan
Schrötlingsfehler - planchet defect, flan flaw
Schrötlingsriss - flan crack
subärat - plated
Udr. - Unterdruck - undertype, overstruck
Unterdruck - undertype, overstruck
verschmutzt - dirty
Winz - tiny
Zainende - edge clip/flaw
zaponiert - lacquered
zentriert - centered
Also see: http://www.muenzen-hardelt.de/dic/diction1.html