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Index Of All Titles


BEST OF

AEQVITI
Aes Formatum
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The Age of Gallienus
Alexander Tetradrachms
Ancient Coin Collecting 101
Ancient Coin Prices 101
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XXI

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ERIC Table of Contents


Title Page

Introduction

About Roman Coins

Denominations

Coins of Other Ancient Cultures

Identifying Roman Coins

How To Use This Book

Mintmarks

Mint Map

Pricing And Grading

Bibliography

Reference Catalogs Cited

Coin Terms Used

Glossary

Rarity Tables

Index of Rulers

Photography Credits

Additional Web Resources

Imperial Catalog:

AUGUSTUS
LIVA
AGRIPPA
NERO CLAUDIUS DRUSUS
GERMANICUS
AGRIPPINA I
TIBERIUS
DRUSUS
ANTONIA
CALIGULA
CLAUDIUS I
BRITANNICUS
AGRIPPINA II
NERO
GALBA
CLODIUS MACER
OTHO
VITELLIUS
VESPASIAN
DOMITILLA
TITUS
DOMITIAN
DOMITIA
JULIA TITI
NERVA
TRAJAN
PLOTINA
MARCIANA
MATIDIA
HADRIAN
SABINA
AELIUS
ANTONINUS PIUS
FAUSTINA I
MARCUS AURELIUS
FAUSTINA II
LUCIUS VERUS
LUCILLA
COMMODUS
CRISPINA
PERTINAX
DIDIUS JULIANUS
MANLIA SCANTILLA
DIDIA CLARA
PESCENNIUS NIGER
CLODIUS ALBINUS
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
JULIA DOMNA
CARACALLA
PLAUTILLA
GETA
MACRINUS
DIADUMENIAN
ELAGABALUS
JULIA MAESA
JULIA SOAEMIAS
JULIA PAULA
AQUILIA SEVERA
ANNIA FAUSTINA
SEVERUS ALEXANDER
JULIA MAMAEA
ORBIANA
MAXIMINUS I
PAULINA
MAXIMUS
GORDIAN I
GORDIAN II
BALBINUS
PUPIENUS
GORDIAN III
TRANQUILLINA
PHILIP I
OTACILIA SEVERA
PHILIP II
PACATIAN
JOTAPIAN
TRAJAN DECIUS
HERENNIA ETRUSCILLA
HERENNIUS ETRUSCUS
HOSTILIAN
TREBONIANUS GALLUS
VOLUSIAN
AEMILIAN
CORNELIA SUPERA
SILBANNACUS
URANIUS ANTONINUS
VALERIAN I
MARINIANA
VALERIAN II
GALLIENUS
SALONINA
SALONINUS
REGALIANUS
DRYANTILLA
POSTUMUS
LAELIANUS
MARIUS
VICTORINUS
DOMITIAN II
TETRICUS I
TETRICUS II
QUIETUS
MACRIANUS
CLAUDIUS II
QUINTILLUS
AURELIAN
SEVERINA
ZENOBIA
VABALATHUS
TACITUS
FLORIAN
PROBUS
SATURNINUS
CARUS
CARINUS
MAGNIA URBICA
NIGRIAN
NUMERIAN
JULIAN I
DIOCLETIAN
MAXIMIAN
CARAUSIUS
ALLECTUS
DOMITIUS DOMITIANUS
CONSTANTIUS I
THEODORA
GALERIUS
GALERIA VALERIA
SEVERUS II
MAXENTIUS
ROMULUS
CONSTANTINE I
HELENA
FAUSTA
ALEXANDER
LICINIUS I
CONSTANTIA
MAXIMINUS II
LICINIUS II
CRISPUS
VALERIUS VALENS
MARTINIAN
CONSTANTINE II
DELMATIUS
HANNIBALLIANUS
CONSTANS
CONSTANTIUS II
MAGNENTIUS
DECENTIUS
NEPOTIAN
VETRANO
CONSTANTIUS GALLUS
JULIAN II
JOVIAN
VALENTINIAN I
VALENS
PROCOPIUS
GRATIAN
VALENTINIAN II
THEODOSIUS I
AELIA FLACCILLA
MAGNUS MAXIMINUS
FLAVIUS VICTOR
EUGENIUS
HONORIUS
CONSTANTINE III
CONSTANS II
MAXIMINUS
PRISCUS ATTALUS
JOVINUS
SABASTIANUS
CONSTANTIUS III
GALLA PLACIDIA
JOHANNES
VALENTINIAN III
LICINIA EUDOXIA
HONORIA
PETRONIUS MAXIMINUS
AVITUS
MAJORIAN
LIBIUS SEVERUS
ANTHEMIUS
EUPHEMIA
ANICIUS OLYBRIUS
GLYCERIUS
JULIUS NEPOS
ROMULUS AUGUSTUS
ARCADIUS
EUDOXIA
PULCHERIA
THEODOSIUS II
EUDOCIA
MARCIAN
LEO I
VERINA
LEO II
ZENO
ARIADNE
BASILISCUS
ZENONIS
LEONTIUS I
ANASTASIUS I
ANONYMOUS COINAGE

ERIC The Encyclopedia of Roman Imperial Coins
by Rasiel Suarez


Galba

Augustus 68-69


Another of the short-lived emperors during the Roman civil wars of this period, Galba was the Governor of Spain at the time of Nero 's downfall. Coming from a Senatorial background, he was a likely candidate to succeed Nero from the Senate 's point of view and was thus given the title. Galba made his way to Rome where he proceeded to make enemies out of all his former supporters. Most critical among these was his decision to deny the customary donatives to the army on his accession. This bit of ill-will towards the hands that fed him precipitated a number of events that would eventually lead to his murder. Otho, another recently disenfranchised governor and former protégé of Galba 's, gathered an army and set to remove Galba. For his part, Galba reacted to this latest affront by performing another round of purging within the Praetorian Guard and succeeded only in finding them step aside on Otho 's arrival.
 
Galba proves to be a tough emperor to acquire. His coins while not particularly rare are aggressively sought after and this tends to keep bidding competitive. His Denarii are found in all grades with the worn – but attributable – typically costing around a hundred dollars and going up quickly from there. A mint state coin will easily cost over a thousand dollars.
 
This is still very much the heyday of the big bronze. The three main denominations, the Sestertius, Dupondius and As all are available with Galba 's trademark frowning portrait. As with the Denarius, an age-battered coin can often be found for under $100 but a well-preserved specimen often well beyond the reach of most collectors ' budgets.   


Busts:  


1) Bare head left
2) Bare head right
3) Bare-headed, cuirassed bust left
4) Bare headed, cuirassed bust right
5) Laureate head left
6) Laureate head right
7) Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
8) Laureate, draped bust right

 
a) Galba riding horse right, raising hand
b) Galba riding horse left, raising hand
c) Hispania laureate, draped bust right; two javelins and shield below

 

Obverses:

 
1) GALBA IMP
2) GALBA IMPER
3) GALBA IMPERATOR
4) IMP GALBA
5) IMP GALBA CAESAR AVG PP
6) IMP SER GALBA AVG
7) IMP SER GALBA AVG TR P
8) IMP SER GALBA AVGVSTVS
9) IMP SER GALBA CAE AVG TR P
10) IMP SER GALBA CAES AVG PM TR P
11) IMP SER GALBA CAES AVG PON M TR P
12) IMP SER GALBA CAES AVG TR P
13) IMP SER GALBA CAESAR AVG
14) IMP SER GALBA CAESAR AVG PM
15) IMP SER GALBA CAESAR AVG PM TR P
16) IMP SER SVLP GALBA CAES AVG TR P
17) IMP SER SVLPI GALBA CAES AVG TR P
18) IMP SER SVLPIC GALBA CAES AVG TR P
19) IMP SER SVLPICIVS GALBA CAESAR AVG
20) SER GALBA AVG
21) SER GALBA AVG IMP
22) SER GALBA CAESAR AVG
23) SER GALBA IMP
24) SER GALBA IMP AVG
25) SER GALBA IMP AVGVSTVS
26) SER GALBA IMP CAES AVG
27) SER GALBA IMP CAES AVG PM TR P
28) SER GALBA IMP CAES AVG TR P
29) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PM T P
30) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PM TR P
31) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PM TR P PP
32) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PM TR POT
33) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PO MA TR P
34) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PON MA TR P
35) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PONT MAX TR P
36) SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG TR P
37) SER GALBA IMPERATOR
38) SER SVLPI GALBA IMP CAE AVG PM TR P
39) SER SVLPI GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PM TR P
40) SER SVLPI GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG TR P
41) SER SVLPIC GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG PM TR P
42) SER SVLPICI GALBAE IMP A
43) SER SVLPICIVS GALBA
44) SER SVLPICIVS GALBA IMP AVG
45) SER SVLPIVS GALBA IMP AVG
46) SERV GALBA IMP
47) SERVIVS GALBA IMPERATOR

 

Reverses:

 
1) AEQVITAS
2) AEQVITAS AVGVSTI
3) AVG IMP
4) BON EVEN
5) BON EVENT
6) BONI EVENTVS
7) CERES AVGVSTA
8) CONCORD AVG
9) CONCORDIA PROVINCIA
10) CONCORDIA PROVINCIARVM
11) DIVA AVGVSTA
12) FELICITAS AVGVST
13) FIDES PVBLICA
14) FORTVNA AVG
15) GALLIA
16) GALLIA HISPANIA
17) HISPANIA
18) HISPANIA CLVNIA SVL
19) HONOS ET VIRTVS
20) IMP T CAES DIVI VESP F AVG PM
21) IMP T CAES DIVI VESP F AVG PM TR P PP COS VIII
22) IMP T CAES DIVI VESP F AVG REST
23) IMP T VESP AVG REST
24) LIB AVG
25) LIBERT AVG
26) LIBERTAS AVGVS
27) LIBERTAS AVGVST
28) LIBERTAS AVGVSTA
29) LIBERTAS PVBLICA
30) LIBERTAS RESTITVTA
31) MARS VICTOR
32) PAX AVG
33) PAX AVGVST
34) PAX AVGVSTA
35) PAXS AVGVSTI
36) PIETAS AVGVSTI
37) QVADRAGENS REMISSAE
38) QVADRAGENS VMA REMISSA
39) QVADRAGENS VMAE REMISS
40) ROMA RENASC
41) ROMA RENASCEN
42) ROMA RENASCENS
43) ROMA RENASCES
44) ROMA RESTI
45) ROMA VICTRIX
46) SALVS AVGVSTA
47) SALVS AVGVSTI
48) SALVS GEN HVMANI
49) SALVS GENE HVMANI
50) SALVS GENERI HVMANI
51) SECVRITAS P ROMANI
52) SENATVS PIETATI AVGVSTI
53) VESTA
54) VICTORIA
55) VICTORIA IMPERI ROMANI
56) VICTORIA P R
57) VICTORIAE GALBAE AVG
58) VICTORIAE IMP GALBAE AVG
59) VIRTVS
60) XXXX REMISSA
61) No legend

 

Reverses:

1) Aequitas standing left, holding scale and cornucopia.
2) Aequitas standing right, holding scale and scepter
3) Aesculapius standing, facing, holding thrysus and scepter with snake coiled around it.
4) Ceres seated left, holding grain ears and caduceus.
5) Ceres seated left, holding grain ears and torch.
6) Concordia seated left, holding branch and scepter.
7) Concordia standing left, holding branch and cornucopia.
8) Felicitas standing left, holding caduceus and cornucopia.
9) Felicitas standing left, leaning on cippus, holding patera and cornucopia.
10) Fides standing left, holding patera and cornucopia.
11) Fortuna standing left, holding rudder and cornucopia.
12) Galba riding horse right, raising hand.
13) Galba seated to right, receiving Palladium from Hispania to left, holding cornucopia.
14) Galba standing right on platform, accompanied by lictor, addressing soldiers to lower right.
15) Galba standing to right, holding hand of kneeling Libertas; Roma in background
16) Galba standing, facing, holding Victory and branch, being crowned by Senate to right, holding branch.
17) Gallia to left, holding scepter, shaking hands with Hispania to right, holding shield and spear.
18) Galliae (3) bare headed, draped busts right; a grain ear in front of each bust
19) Galliae (3) bare heads right; a grain ear in front of each bust
20) Genius standing left, holding patera and grain ears
21) Hispania draped bust right; two javelins and shield below and behind.
22) Hispania standing left, holding grain ears and shield with two spears.
23) Honos standing right, holding scepter and cornucopia, facing Virtus to right, stepping on helmet, holding parazonium and spear
24) Legend SC
25) Legend TR P PP COS VIIII RESTITVIT within outer legend and surrounding large SC
26) Legionary eagle on thunderbolt; standard on either side.
27) Libertas bare head right
28) Libertas standing left, holding pileus and scepter.
29) Livia standing left, holding patera and scepter.
30) Mars standing, facing, holding spear and trophy.
31) Pax seated left, holding branch and caduceus.
32) Pax seated left, holding branch and winged caduceus.
33) Pax standing left, holding branch and caduceus.
34) Pax standing left, holding branch and cornucopia.
35) Pax standing left, holding caduceus and grain ears; globe to left.
36) Pax standing left, leaning on cippus, holding caduceus and cornucopia.
37) Pax(?) standing left, holding branch and shield.
38) Pietas standing, facing, raising hand over altar and touching chest
39) Roma advancing left, holding Victory on globe and scepter with eagle atop
40) Roma advancing right, holding Victory on globe and scepter with eagle atop.
41) Roma advancing right, holding Victory on globe and spear.
42) Roma seated left, holding spear and parazonium; weapons on floor
43) Roma seated left, holding Victory; shield to side.
44) Roma seated left, holding spear and resting arm on shield
45) Roma seated left, resting on trophy, holding branch and scepter with eagle atop.
46) Roma seated left, holding Palladium and spear.
47) Roma standing left, holding Victory on globe and scepter with eagle atop.
48) Roma standing left, stepping on globe, holding branch and spear.
49) Salus seated left, holding patera and scepter
50) Salus standing left, stepping on globe, sacrificing over altar and holding rudder.
51) Shield over two crossed spears; SPQR laid out with each letter in a cardinal point starting with S in the "West"
52) Soldier to left leading three bound captives through arch to right
53) Standards (3) on galley prows
54) Triumphal arch, quadriga atop.
55) Vesta seated left, holding Palladium and scepter.
56) Vesta seated left, holding patera and Palladium.
57) Victory advancing left, holding Palladium and palm.
58) Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm.
59) Victory advancing right, holding wreath and palm.
60) Victory standing left on globe, holding wreath and palm.
61) Victory standing on globe, facing, holding wreath and palm.
62) Victory standing right on globe, holding wreath and palm.
63) Victory standing right, holding shield on column reading PR
64) Victory standing right, stepping on helmet, holding shield on cippus reading SPQR
65) Virtus helmeted bust right
66) Virtus standing left, holding Victory on globe and parazonium
67) Virtus standing, facing, holding parazonium and spear.
68) Wreath, EX SC / OB / CIVES / SER within.
69) Wreath, EX SC / OB / CIVES / SERVATOS within
70) Wreath, shield within reading SP QR
71) Wreath, SPQR / OB / CIV / SER within.
72) Wreath, SPQR / OB / CIV SER within.
73) Wreath, SPQR / OB / CIVES / SERVATOS within
74) Wreath, SPQR / OB / CS within.
75) Wreath, SPQR / OB CS within

 

Mints:

 
1) Karthago
2) Lugdunum
3) Roma
4) Spain, uncertain locality (probably Tarraco)

 
 
AU Aureus Reference(s)

 
1) B2, O06, R60, T75 RIC I 164, C 286
2) B3, O23, R48, T50 RIC I 146, C 232
3) B6, O03, R42, T41 RIC I 2, C 195
4) B6, O13, R11, T29 RIC I 184, BMC 4
5) B6, O13, R48, T50 RIC I 213 corrected
6) B6, O14, R43, T39
7) B6, O30, R60, T74 RIC I 61, BMC 191
8) Ba, O01, R17, T21 

 
AR Denarius

 
9) B2, O06, R60, T74 RIC I 167, C 287
10) B5, O01, R29, T28 
11) B5, O01, R42, T41 RIC I 26
12) B6, O01, R42, T41 RIC I 28, C 209
13) B6, O03, R11, T29 RIC I 36, C 45
14) B6, O03, R40, T41 RIC I 41
15) B6, O03, R45, T48 RIC I 45, C 223
16) B6, O04, R42, T41 RIC I 29, C 209
17) B6, O06, R10, T07 RIC I 149, C 40a
18) B6, O06, R17, T22 RIC I 155, C 82
19) B6, O06, R60, T67 VIR TVS across fields RIC I 179
20) B6, O13, R10, T29 RIC I 186, C 55
21) B6, O13, R17, T22 RIC I 191
22) B6, O13, R40, T39 RIC I 195
23) B6, O13, R40, T41 RIC I 197
24) B6, O13, R48, T50 RIC I 211
25) B6, O13, R48, T50 RIC I 22, C 238
26) B6, O13, R60, T67 RIC I 221, C 344
27) B6, O14, R10, T29 RIC I 224, C 58
28) B6, O14, R11, T29 RIC I 4
29) B6, O14, R55, T60 RIC I 234
30) B6, O14, R60, T67 RIC I 236, C 343
31) B6, O20, R60, T12 Exe: IMP RIC I 145
32) B6, O30, R10, T07 RIC I 120, C 38
33) B6, O37, R10, T07 RIC I 49, C 34
34) B8, O13, R43, T47 RIC I 204, C 208a
35) Ba, O24, R60, T19 Exe: TRES GALLIA RIC I 92, C 308

 
AE Sestertius

 
36) B5, O28, R08, T06 Exe: SC RIC I 381, C 28
37) B5, O36, R29, T28 RIC I 389, C 110
38) B6, O07, R60, T72 RIC I 259, C 302
39) B6, O26, R60, T44 Exe: ROMA RIC I 420
40) B6, O27, R60, T68 RIC I 435, C 60
41) B6, O28, R28, T28 RIC I 442, C 110
42) B6, O28, R60, T42 Exe: ROMA RIC I 447
43) B6, O28, R60, T57 RIC I 270, C 256
44) B6, O30, R60, R59 
45) B6, O36, R29, T28 RIC I 387, C 108
46) B8, O16, R29, T28 RIC I 309, C 130
47) B8, O18, R29, T28 RIC I 310, C 131
48) B8, O36, R29, T28 RIC I 388, C 112
49) B8, O36, R60, T58 RIC I 403
50) B8, O36, R60, T59 RIC I 398, C 245
51) B8, O36, R60, T72 RIC I 405, C 295
52) B8, O39, R60, T14 Exe: ADLOCVTIO / SC RIC I 467, C 2 

 
AE Sestertius (Posthumous)

 
53) B6, O16, R21, T24 RIC 245 (II, Titus), C 350

 
 
AE Dupondius Reference(s)

 
54) B6, O07, R29, T28 RIC I 275, C 120

 
AE Dupondius (Posthumous

 
55) B6, O28, R22, T24 RIC I 246, C 351

 
AE As

 
56) B2, O12, R29, T27 RIC I 372, C 124
57) B2, O27, R29, T28 
58) B2, O40, R60, T53 
59) B6, O12, R01, T02 RIC I 491
60) B6, O18, R07, T04 Exe: SC 
61) B6, O28, R53, T55 RIC I 308
62) B6, O31, R11, T29 RIC I 67, C 50
63) B6, O40, R01, T02 RIC I 492

 

Galba Busts

 

 

Galba Types



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