Originally Diokles, a Greek name,
Diocletian gained the Latinized form of his name shortly before masterminding a revolt against
Carinus. When
Carinus received news of this insolence he set out at once with a large army to confront him. The two sides met in a prolonged and bloody match the results of which were finally turning against
Diocletian. Seeing that all was lost he prepared to flee with what was left of his army when the most amazing thing happened. It seems
Carinus had seduced the wife of one of his bodyguards who, for whatever possible reason, chose during the waning moments of the battle to avenge this affront by murdering his master.
Diocletian was then hailed as emperor by the same army that almost defeated him and he marched towards
Rome as
victor. Soon after his arrival he named his friend
Maximian as co-emperor giving him rule over the western half of the empire. Both would then select subordinates who were not relatives of their own to
help in the task and secure a line of succession unlike a blood dynasty.
Diocletian 's vision of this governmental scheme became known as the
Tetrarchy and the first cycle of which was completed, as far as he was concerned, when he abdicated in 305 and demanded
Maximian do likewise to leave their subordinates to rule.
Modern historians with the gift of hindsight pinpoint
Diocletian 's
choice of reforming the army as the key culprit of the empire 's downfall almost 200 years later. He figured that rather than have weak concentrations of army outposts scattered over the length of the empire 's borders it would be better to have a centralized large force which could respond quickly in the event of a military crisis. While the theory may have been sound in principle he never foresaw the obstacles that led to the successful deployment and logistical problems that this method required and, thus, over time Romans became increasingly susceptible to barbarian attacks.
Diocletian died an old, forgotten and heartbroken man in his retirement palace in what is now Croatia. In the end he was vilified for shattering the economy, wreaking political chaos in
Rome and resorting to the now somewhat anachronistic practice of persecuting Christians. Finally, he had to witness in his own lifetime the utter failure of his power sharing format when the
Tetrarchy disintegrated into the Constantinian dynasty.
Sadly, with the rise of
Diocletian we no longer get to see what the emperor looked like in real life. For half a century both the art and the workmanship of Roman coins had been in decline. But up until then there had been at least nominal effort expended in portraying the emperor 's actual facial features.
Sometime during the reign of
Gallienus this, too, started fading so that by the time his succesors came they all started looking quite a bit alike. Early-period coins of
Diocletian look pretty much indistinguishable from those of
Carinus, his immediate predessor. And when
Maximian is made co-emperor there is again no effort to make the two men look any different from each other.
These changes are so far-reaching that it would not be until the Renaissance over a thousand years later that heads of state begin to look like real people again. In fact, from this time and until late into the middle ages the artistic
merit and the overall quality of the coins of all western cultures will steadily deteriorate. From this point forward when the legends are obscured from wear or tear
attribution becomes much more difficult.
On the other hand,
Diocletian is a very easy emperor to find in a wide assortment of coin denominations. Halfway into his reign he ordered a
complete overhaul of the currency. He eliminates, or rather reduces the size of the
Antoninianus and introduces the
Follis and a Denarius-like coin termed the
Argenteus. The
Follis catches on but the
Argenteus doesn 't which makes it a bit of a
rarity nowadays. But both pre-and post-reform coins are readily available from the nearly free crummy bronzes to gold medallions affordable only to the obscenely rich.
Busts:
1) Helmeted, laureate,
cuirassed bust left, holding spear and
shield 2) Helmeted, laureate,
cuirassed bust right
3) Helmeted, laureate,
cuirassed bust right, holding
Victory on globe
4) Helmeted,
radiate,
cuirassed bust left, holding spear and
shield 5) Helmeted,
radiate,
cuirassed bust right
6) Laureate
bust left over
bust of
Jupiter 7) Laureate
bust left, holding
scepter 8) Laureate
bust left, wearing mantle, holding
scepter with
eagle atop
9) Laureate
bust right, wearing imperial mantle, holding branch and
mappa 10) Laureate
bust right, wearing imperial mantle, holding
mappa and branch
11) Laureate
head left
12) Laureate
head right
13) Laureate,
cuirassed bust left
14) Laureate,
cuirassed bust left over Sol
radiate bust left, holding whip
15) Laureate,
cuirassed bust left, holding
scepter 16) Laureate,
cuirassed bust left, holding spear and
shield 17) Laureate,
cuirassed bust right
18) Laureate,
cuirassed bust right, holding spear and
shield 19) Laureate, draped and
cuirassed bust right
20) Laureate, draped
bust right
21)
Radiate bust left, wearing imperial mantle, holding globe
22)
Radiate bust left, wearing imperial mantle, holding
scepter with
eagle atop.
23)
Radiate bust right, wearing imperial mantle.
24)
Radiate head right
25)
Radiate,
cuirassed bust left
26)
Radiate,
cuirassed bust left, holding spear and
shield 27)
Radiate,
cuirassed bust right
28)
Radiate,
cuirassed busts of
Diocletian and
Constantius I facing each other
29)
Radiate, draped and
cuirassed bust right
30)
Radiate, draped
bust right
Obverses:
1) DIOCLETIANVS AVG
2) DIOCLETIANVS AVG
COS IIII PP
3) DIOCLETIANVS AVG ET CONSTANTIVS
NOB C 4) DIOCLETIANVS AVG ET
MAXIMIANVS C
5) DIOCLETIANVS
AVGVSTVS 6) DIOCLETIANVS BAE AVG
7) DIOCLETIANVS P AVG
8) DIOCLETIANVS PF AVG
9) DIOCLETIANVS PF AVG COS
VIII 10) DN DIOCLETIANO
AETER AVG 11) DN DIOCLETIANO BAEAT
SEN AVG 12) DN DIOCLETIANO BAEATIS
13) DN DIOCLETIANO BAEATISS
14) DN DIOCLETIANO BAEATISS
SEN AVG 15) DN DIOCLETIANO
BAEATISSIMO SEN AVG 16) DN DIOCLETIANO BEAT
SEN AVG 17) DN DIOCLETIANO BEATISSIMO
SEN AVG 18) DN DIOCLETIANO FELICI
19) DN DIOCLETIANO FELICIS
20) DN DIOCLETIANO FELICISS
21) DN DIOCLETIANO FELICISS
SEN AVG 22) DN DIOCLETIANO FELICISSIMO
SEN AVG 23) DN DIOCLETIANO PF
S AVG 24)
IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS AVG
25)
IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS P AVG
26)
IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS PF AVG
27)
IMP C DIOCLETIANVS AVG
28)
IMP C DIOCLETIANVS P AVG
29)
IMP C DIOCLETIANVS PF AVG
30)
IMP C VAL DIOCLETIANVS AVG
31)
IMP C VAL DIOCLETIANVS P AVG
32)
IMP C VAL DIOCLETIANVS PF AVG
33) IMP DIOCLETIANVS AVG
34) IMP DIOCLETIANVS AVG ET
MAXIMIANVS AVG
35) IMP DIOCLETIANVS ET
MAXIMIANVS N C
36) IMP DIOCLETIANVS P AVG
37) IMP DIOCLETIANVS P FE AVG
38) IMP DIOCLETIANVS P
FEL AVG 39) IMP DIOCLETIANVS PF AV
40) IMP DIOCLETIANVS PF AVG
41) IMP DIOCLETIANVS
PIVS AVG
42) IMP DIOCLETIANVS
PIVS F AVG
43)
VIRTVS DIOCLETIANI AVG
Reverses:
1) ABVNDAT AVG
2) ABVNDAT
AVGG 3)
ADVENTVS AVGG 4)
AEQVITAS AVGG 5)
AETERNITAS AVGG 6)
ANNONA AVG 7)
AVSPIC FEL 8) CLARITAS
AVGG 9)
CLEMENTIA TEMP 10)
COMES AVGG 11)
COMITATVS AVGG 12)
CONCORDIA AVGG 13)
CONCORDIA AVGG ET CAESS
14)
CONCORDIA AVGG ET CAESS NNNN
15)
CONCORDIA MILITVM 16) CONCORDIAE
AVGG 17) CONCORDIAE
AVGG NN
18) CONSERVAT AVG
19)
CONSERVATOR AVGG 20) CONSERVATORES
AVGG ET CAESS NN
21) CONSTANTIVS NOB
CAES 22) CONSVL IIII PP PROCOS
23) CONSVL V PP PROCOS
24) CONSVL VI PP PROCOS
25) CONSVL VII PP PRC
26) CONSVL VII PP PROCOS
27) CONSVL
VIII PP PRCOS
28) CONSVL
VIIII PP PRCOS
29)
COS III 30)
COS IIII 31)
FATIS VICTRICIBVS 32)
FEL ADVENT AVGG NN 33)
FELICIA TEMPORA 34) FELICIT PVBL
35)
FELICITAS AVG 36)
FELICITAS PVBLIC
37)
FELICITAS TEMPORVM 38)
FELIX ADVENT AVGG NN 39)
FIDES MILIT
40)
FIDES MILITVM
41)
FORTVNA RED
42)
FORTVNA REDVX 43)
FORTVNAE REDVCI AVGG ET CAESS NN
44)
FORTVNAE REDVCI AVGG NN
45)
FORTVNAE REDVCI CAESS NN
46)
GAVDETE ROMANI 47)
GENIO POP ROM 48)
GENIO POPVLI ROMANI 49) HERCVLI CONSERVAT
50) HERCVLI DEBELLAT
51)
HERCVLI INVICTO AVGG 52) HERCVLI PACIF
53)
HERCVLI PACIFERO 54)
HERCVLI VICTORI 55)
IMP C MAXIMIANVS AVG
56) IOV ET HERCV
CONSER AVGG 57) IOVI
AVGG 58) IOVI
CONS CAES 59)
IOVI CONSER AVGG 60) IOVI CONSERVAT
61) IOVI CONSERVAT AVG
62) IOVI
CONSERVAT AVGG 63) IOVI
CONSERVAT AVGG ET CAESS NN
64) IOVI
CONSERVATOR AVGG 65)
IOVI CONSERVATORI 66)
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVG
67)
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG 68)
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG ET CAESS NN
69) IOVI ET HERCVLI
CONS AVGG 70)
IOVI FVLGERATORI 71) IOVI FVLGVRATORI
72)
IOVI PROPVGNAT 73) IOVI TVTAT
AVGG 74)
IOVI TVTATORI AVGG 75)
IOVI VICTORI76)
LAETITIA AVGG 77)
LAETITIA FVND 78) M SACRA
AVGG ET CAESS NN
79)
MARS VICTOR 80)
MARTI PACIF
81)
MARTI PACIFERO
82)
MARTI PROPVGNATORI 83)
MARTI VLTORI 84)
MAXIMIANVS AVG
85)
MAXIMIANVS AVG ET CONSTANTIVS C
86)
MAXIMIANVS PF AVG
87)
MONETA AVGG ET CAESS NN
88)
MONETA S
AVGG ET CAESS NN
89)
MONETA SACRA AVGG ET CAESS NN
90)
ORIENS AVG
91)
ORIENS AVGG 92)
ORIENS AVGVSTOR 93) PACATORES GENTIVM
94) PAX AETERN
95)
PAX AVG 96) PAX
AVGG 97) PAX
AVGGG 98) PERPETVA
FELICITAS AVGG 99)
PIETAS AVGG 100)
PIETAS AVGG ET CAESS NN
101) PMTR PPP
102) PM
TR P VIII COS IIII PP
103)
PRIMI XX IOVI AVGVSTI 104)
PRIMIS X MVLTIS XX 105) PROVIDENT
DEOR 106) PROVIDENT
DEOR QVIES AVGG 107)
PROVIDENTIA AVG 108)
PROVIDENTIA AVGG 109)
PROVIDENTIA DEORVM 110)
PROVIDENTIA DEORVM QVIES AVGG 111)
QVIES AVGG 112) QVIES AVGVSTORVM
113) ROMAE AETERN
114)
ROMAE AETERNAE 115)
S M VRB AVGG ET CAESS NN
116) SACR MONET
AVGG ET CAESS NN
117) SACRA
MON VRB AVGG ET CAESS NN
118) SACRA MONET
AVGG ET CAESS NN
119) SACRA MONET
AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR
120) SACRA MONET VRB
AVGG ET CAESS NN
121)
SAECVLARES AVG 122) SAECVRIT
AVGG 123) SAECVRIT
PERP 124) SALVIS
AVGG ET CAESS
AVCTA KART 125) SALVIS
AVGG ET CAESS
FEL KART 126)
SALVS AVG 127)
SALVS AVGG 128) SECVRIT
AVGG 129) SECVRIT
PERP 130)
SECVRIT PERPET DD NN 131)
SECVRITAS ORBIS 132)
SOLI INVICT
CONSERVAT AVGG ET CAESS NN
133)
SOLI INVICTO134)
SPES PVBLICA135) TEMPOR FEL
136) TEMPOR FELICIT
137)
TEMPORVM FEL138)
VENERI VICTRICI139)
VICTORI AVG 140)
VICTORIA AETERNA 141)
VICTORIA AVG142)
VICTORIA AVGG 143)
VICTORIA SARM 144)
VICTORIA SARMAT 145)
VICTORIA SARMATICA146)
VICTORIAE SARMATICAE147) VICTORRIA SARMAT
148)
VIRTVS AVG 149)
VIRTVS AVGG 150)
VIRTVS AVGVSTORVM 151)
VIRTVS EXERCIT IMPER ROMANI
152)
VIRTVS MILITVM 153)
VIRTVTI AVGG 154)
VOTIS ROMANORVM 155)
VOTIS X 156)
VTILITAS PVBLICA 157) No
legend Types:
1)
Abundantia standing right, pouring out
cornucopia 2)
Aequitas standing right, holding
scale and
cornucopia 3)
Aeternitas standing left, holding
phoenix on globe and
scepter 4)
Africa standing, facing, holding
standard and
elephant tusk;
lion and bull to lower left.
5)
Annona standing left, holding grain ears over
modius and
cornucopia.
6)
Carthago standing, facing, holding fruits in each hand
7)
Cippus (fractured)
8) City gate with (3) turrets
9) City gate with (4) turrets
10)
Concordia seated left, holding
patera and two
cornucopiae 11) Concordiae (2) standing, facing each other, shaking
hands and each holding a
cornucopia 12)
Diocletian and
Jupiter standing, facing each other, sacrificing over
altar and each holding a
scepter.
13)
Diocletian and
Maximian each riding horse right, raising hand
14)
Diocletian and
Maximian seated left, each holding globe and
parazonium; each being crowned by
Victory to right
15)
Diocletian and
Maximian standing, facing each other, sacrificing over
altar 16)
Diocletian and
Maximian standing, facing each other, sacrificing over
altar;
Felicitas standing in center background, holding
caduceus and
cornucopia 17)
Diocletian and
Maximian standing, facing each other, together holding
Victory on globe
18)
Diocletian and
Maximian standing, facing each other, together holding
Victory;
Victory in center background, crowning both
19)
Diocletian and
Maximian standing, facing each other;
Victory in center background, crowning both
20)
Diocletian riding horse left;
Victory to left, holding
wreath and
palm 21)
Diocletian riding horse right, raising hand
22)
Diocletian riding horse right, raising hand and holding
scepter 23)
Diocletian standing left, holding globe
24)
Diocletian standing left, holding globe and
parazonium 25)
Diocletian standing left, holding globe and
scepter 26)
Diocletian standing left, raising hand and holding spear; four standards in front.
27)
Diocletian standing left on right, holding globe and
scepter, facing
Victory to left, holding
wreath and
palm 28)
Diocletian standing right on left, holding globe, facing
Maximian to right, holding
scepter.
29)
Diocletian standing right on left, holding
parazonium, receiving
Victory on globe from
Jupiter to right, holding
scepter.
30)
Diocletian standing right on left, holding spear, receiving globe from
Jupiter to right, holding
scepter 31)
Diocletian standing right on left, holding spear, receiving
Victory on globe from
Jupiter to right, holding
scepter.
32)
Diocletian standing right on left, holding
Victory on globe, facing
Maximian to right, holding
scepter.
33)
Diocletian standing, facing, holding globe and spear
34)
Diocletian standing, facing, holding spear and globe; seated captive on either
side.
35)
Elephant with rider advancing left.
36) Fates (3) standing, each holding a rudder and
cornucopia 37) Fates (3) standing, holding each other 's
hands.
38)
Felicitas seated left, holding
patera and
cornucopia 39)
Felicitas standing left, holding
caduceus and
cornucopia.
40)
Felicitas standing left, leaning on
column and with legs crossed, holding
caduceus.
41)
Fides standing, facing;
standard on either
side.
42)
Fortuna seated left, holding rudder and
cornucopia; wheel under chair
43)
Fortuna standing left, holding rudder and
cornucopia 44)
Fortuna standing left, holding wand over globe and
cornucopia 45) Four
Seasons frolicking.
46)
Genius standing left, holding
patera and
cornucopia 47)
Genius standing left, pouring out
patera and holding
cornucopia 48)
Genius standing left, sacrificing over
altar and holding
cornucopia 49)
Hercules bust right, holding club over shoulder and
lion 's skin
50)
Hercules clubbing
hydra 51)
Hercules standing left, holding branch and resting hand on club
52)
Hercules standing left, holding
Victory and resting hand on club
53)
Hercules standing right, resting hand on club and bow with
lion skin
54)
Hercules standing right, resting hand on club and
Victory with
lion skin
55)
Hercules standing right, resting hand on club with
lion skin on rock
56)
Hercules standing right, resting hand on hip and holding club with
lion skin.
57)
Hercules standing, facing, resting hand on club and holding bow with
lion skin
58)
Hercules standing, facing, resting hand on club and holding
trophy 59)
Hercules wrestling
lion 60)
Hercules wrestling
lion,
Victory crowning him
61)
Jupiter advancing left, holding thunderbolt;
eagle to left
62)
Jupiter seated left, holding
scepter and thunderbolt
63)
Jupiter seated left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter 64)
Jupiter seated left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter;
eagle to left.
65)
Jupiter seated left, holding
Victory on globe and
scepter 66)
Jupiter standing left, holding
scepter and thunderbolt.
67)
Jupiter standing left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter 68)
Jupiter standing left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter;
Diocletian to lower left.
69)
Jupiter standing left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter;
eagle to left.
70)
Jupiter standing left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter;
eagle to left and two standards to right
71)
Jupiter standing left, holding thunderbolt and
scepter; globe to left
72)
Jupiter standing left, holding
Victory on globe and
scepter 73)
Jupiter standing left, holding
Victory on globe and
scepter;
Diocletian to lower left.
74)
Jupiter standing left, holding
Victory on globe and
scepter;
eagle to left.
75)
Jupiter standing right on left, holding
scepter and thunderbolt, facing
Hercules to right, holding club and
lion skin.
76)
Jupiter standing right on left, holding
scepter facing
Hercules, holding club and
lion skin, together holding
Victory.
77)
Jupiter standing right, aiming thunderbolt
78)
Jupiter standing right, aiming thunderbolt at Titan to right
79)
Jupiter standing right, aiming thunderbolt;
eagle to left
80)
Laetitia standing left, holding
wreath and rudder
81)
Liberalitas standing left, holding coin counter and
caduceus; child to
side.
82)
Lion advancing left, holding thunderbolt in jaws
83)
Mars advancing left, holding branch and spear.
84)
Mars advancing left, holding
palm and spear.
85)
Mars advancing left, holding spear and
trophy 86)
Mars advancing right, holding spear and
shield 87)
Mars advancing right, holding spear and
trophy 88)
Mars advancing right, dragging captive and holding
trophy with
shield 89)
Mars standing left, holding branch and spear with
shield.
90)
Maximian, laureate
head right
91)
Minerva standing left, holding spear and resting hand on
shield.
92)
Moneta standing left, holding
scale and
cornucopia 93) Pax advancing left, holding branch and
scepter.
94) Pax standing left, holding branch and
scepter.
95) Pax standing left, holding branch and
scepter;
shield to
side.
96) Pax standing left, holding
Victory on globe and
scepter.
97)
Pietas standing, facing, holding baby; child to left
98)
Providentia seated left, holding wand over globe and
scepter 99)
Providentia standing left, holding globe and
scepter 100)
Providentia standing left, holding grain ears over
modius and
cornucopia.
101)
Providentia standing left, holding wand over globe and
cornucopia 102)
Providentia standing right on left, raising hand, facing Quies to right, holding branch and
scepter.
103) Quies standing left, holding branch and
scepter.
104)
Roma seated left on chair, holding
Victory and spear;
shield to
side.
105)
Roma seated left on
shield, holding
Victory and spear.
106)
Salus standing right, holding and feeding snake
107)
Securitas standing left, leaning on
column, touching
head and holding
scepter 108)
Securitas standing, facing, leaning on
column and with legs crossed, touching
head.
109) Sol advancing left, holding
wreath and
palm.
110) Sol standing left, raising hand and holding globe.
111) Sol standing left, raising hand and holding globe; captive to
side.
112) Sol standing left, raising hand and holding whip.
113)
Spes standing left, holding flower and raising skirt
114) Temple with (2) columns,
Mars holding spear and
shield within.
115) Tetrarchs sacrificing in front of city gate
116) Utilitas standing, facing
117) Victories (2) standing, facing each other, together holding
shield reading SIC / XX / SIC / XXX
118) Victories (2) holding
shield reading
VOT X FEL on
palm tree.
119)
Victory advancing left, holding
wreath and
palm.
120)
Victory advancing right, holding
wreath and
palm 121)
Victory riding
biga right
122)
Victory standing left on globe, holding
wreath and
palm.
123)
Victory standing left, holding
wreath and
palm.
124)
Victory standing facing on globe, holding
trophy.
125)
Victory standing right, holding
shield reading
VOT X FEL on
palm tree
126)
Victory standing right, holding
shield reading
VOT X on
palm tree
127)
Victory standing right on left, holding globe, facing
Jupiter to right, stepping on captive, holding thunderbolt and
scepter 128)
Virtus standing left, touching
trophy; seated captive on either
side.
129)
Virtus standing left, holding branch and spear with
shield 130)
Virtus standing left, resting hand on
shield and holding spear.
131)
Virtus standing right, holding spear and
parazonium; seated captive to right
132)
Wreath, MVL / TIS / XX within 133)
Wreath,
PRIMI / XX / IOVI AVG / COS
VIII within
134)
Wreath, SIC / X / SIC / XX within
135)
Wreath, VO / TIS / X / SIC / XX within
136)
Wreath, VO / TIS / XX / SIC / XXX within
137)
Wreath, VOT / X / SIC / XX within
138)
Wreath, VOT / XX /
AVGG / NN within
139)
Wreath, VOT / XX /
AVGG within
140)
Wreath, VOT / XX / SIC / XXX within
141)
Wreath, VOT / XX within
142)
Wreath,
VOT X M XX within
143)
Wreath, XC / VI within
144)
Wreath,
XCVI within
145)
Wreath, XX / DIOCL / ETIAN / I AVG within
Mints:
1)
Alexandria2)
Antioch 3)
Aquileia 4) Karthago
5) Cyzicus
6)
Heraclea 7) Londinium
8)
Lugdunum 9)
Nicomedia 10)
Roma11)
Serdica 12)
Siscia 13)
Thessalonica 14)
Ticinum 15)
Treveri 16) Tripolis
AU Medallion Reference(s) 1) B08, O09, R037, T016, M15 Exe: `TR Five
Aureus weight RIC 27 (VI,
Treveri)
2) B19, O26, R024, T025, M02 Exe: SMA 2-1/2
Aureus weight RIC 1 (VI,
Antioch)
AU Binio 3) B27, O26, R063, T067, M10
RIC V 133
AU Aureus 4) B12, O01, R054, T052, M15 Exe: TR
5) B12, O05, R022, T023, M05
RIC V 285
6) B12, O05, R023, T023, M02 Exe: SMA`
RIC V 309
7) B12, O05, R029, T021, M05
RIC V 287
8) B12, O05, R030, T021, M05
RIC V 288
9) B12, O05, R157, T145, M14 Exe: SMT RIC 11a (VI,
Ticinum)
10) B12, O08, R065, T077, M15 Exe: `T RIC 22 (VI,
Treveri)
11) B12, O08, R070, T078, M10
RIC V 146
12) B12, O08, R157, T133, M16 Exe: `TR RIC 75 (VI,
Treveri)
13) B17, O29, R081, T083, M12
RIC V 249
14) B19, O08, R065, T064, M10
RIC V 142a
15) B19, O08, R065, T067, M09 Exe: SMN RIC 5a (VI,
Nicomedia)
16) B19, O24, R031, T036, M05 Exe: */SC
17) B19, O24, R031, T036, M05 Exe: SC
RIC V 294
18) B19, O24, R065, T067, M05 Exe: SC
RIC V 293
19) B19, O26, R031, T037, M02 Exe: SMA
RIC V 314
20) B19, O26, R065, T072, M05
RIC V 295
21) B19, O26, R066, T067, M02 Exe: O/SMA "O" in
field is the Greek Omicron representing 70 to a pound of gold
RIC V 316
22) B19, O26, R067, T067, M10
RIC V 134
23) B19, O26, R141, T120, M02 Exe: O/SMA "O" in
field is the Greek Omicron representing 70 to a pound of gold
RIC V 320
24) B19, O26, R141, T123, M08
RIC V 5
25) B19, O26, R148, T130, M05
RIC V 304d 26) B20, O26, R079, T087, M08
RIC V 24
AU Quinarius 27) B20, O33, R067, T067, M10
RIC V 153
AR Argenteus 28) B12, O01, R032, T004, M04 Exe: P RIC 11a (VI,
Carthago)
29) B12, O01, R108, T115, M01 Exe: ALE
30) B12, O01, R108, T115, M12 RIC 33a (VI,
Siscia)
31) B12, O01, R144, T115, M06 Exe: H` RIC 10a (VI,
Heraclea)
32) B12, O01, R144, T115, M14 RIC 12a (VI,
Ticinum)
33) B12, O01, R146, T009, M09 Exe: SMN` RIC 25a (VI,
Nicomedia)
34) B12, O01, R152, T008, M01 Exe: ALE RIC 10a (VI,
Alexandria)
35) B12, O01, R152, T008, M11 Exe: `/•SM•SD• RIC 1a (VI,
Serdica)
36) B12, O01, R152, T115, M10 Exe: ` RIC 40a (VI,
Roma)
37) B12, O01, R152, T115, M10 Exe: R RIC 32a (VI,
Roma)
38) B12, O01, R152, T115, M12 RIC 27a (VI,
Roma)
39) B12, O01, R152, T115, M12 RIC 43a (VI,
Siscia)
40) B12, O01, R157, T144, M03 Exe: AQ RIC 16a (VI,
Aquileia)
AE Medallion 41) B28, O03, R151, T088, M15 Exe: TR
AE Antoninianus 42) B27, O29, R097, T094, M07 Exe: S/P/MLXXI
AE Antoninianus (reduced) 43) B23, O27, R019, T030, M12 Exe: XXI`
44) B27, O24, R060, T067, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 223f
45) B27, O24, R060, T070, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 226f
46) B27, O25, R064, T012, M12 Exe: `/XXIO
RIC V 264f
47) B27, O26, R015, T031, M05 Exe: K`
RIC V 15a
48) B27, O27, R049, T058, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 215f
49) B27, O27, R060, T067, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 225f
50) B27, O30, R060, T066, M14 Exe: `/XXIT
RIC V 232f
51) B27, O32, R049, T056, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 212f
52) B27, O32, R060, T067, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 222f
53) B27, O32, R060, T068, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 220f
54) B27, O33, R128, T106, M08 Exe: C
RIC V 89f
55) B29, O24, R107, T101, M10 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 180c
56) B29, O26, R015, T031, M02 Exe: `/•XXI
RIC V 322c
57) B29, O26, R015, T031, M02 Exe: `/XXI
RIC V 322c
58) B29, O26, R015, T031, M06 Exe: H`
RIC V 13
59) B29, O26, R015, T031, M06 Exe: A/•XXI•
RIC V 284c
60) B29, O26, R015, T031, M06 Exe: HB/•XXI•
RIC V 284c
61) B29, O26, R056, T031, M02 Exe: ` over `/XXI
RIC V 323c
62) B29, O26, R056, T031, M16 Exe: TR/®XXI
RIC V 327c
63) B29, O26, R059, T069, M08 A in left
field RIC V 35c
64) B29, O26, R066, T027, M16 Exe: TR/XXI
RIC V 330c
65) B29, O26, R067, T031, M02 Exe: `/XXI
RIC V 325c
66) B29, O26, R134, T113, M12 Exe: `/XXI C 459
67) B29, O26, R141, T119, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 242c
68) B29, O28, R074, T074, M10 Exe: P
RIC V 54c
69) B29, O29, R074, T074, M10 Exe: P
RIC V 53c
70) B29, O32, R060, T068, M14 Exe: `XXIT
RIC V 220c
71) B29, O33, R062, T067, M10 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 162a
72) B29, O33, R062, T123, M10 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 183c
73) B29, O33, R077, T080, M10 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 171c
74) B29, O36, R057, T065, M08 Exe: A
RIC V 33c
75) B29, O36, R057, T074, M08 Exe: P
RIC V 27c
76) B30, O24, R015, T031, M05 Exe: Γ/XXI 286-293
RIC V 306a
77) B30, O24, R015, T031, M06 Exe: `/XXI
RIC V 284a
78) B30, O25, R065, T069, M12 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 268a
79) B30, O26, R064, T012, M12 Exe: `/•XXI•I•
RIC V 263f
80) B30, O26, R142, T017, M12 Exe: `/XXI
RIC V 277a
81) B30, O27, R064, T012, M12 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 262a
82) B30, O33, R006, T005, M10 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 156a
83) B30, O33, R062, T067, M10 Exe: XXI`
RIC V 161a
84) B30, O33, R070, T079, M10 Exe: XXIΔ 290
AE Follis Reference(s) 85) B09, O15, R110, T102, M11 Exe: `/•SM•SD• S F across fields RIC 14a (VI,
Serdica)
86) B09, O17, R110, T102, M02 Exe: `/ANT RIC 76a (VI,
Antioch)
87) B09, O19, R109, T102, M01 Exe: `/ALE RIC 93a (VI,
Alexandria)
88) B09, O21, R110, T102, M10 Exe: S/F/R` RIC 119a (VI,
Roma)
89) B09, O22, R110, T102, M07 RIC 77a (VI, Londinium)
90) B09, O22, R110, T102, M11 Exe: S/F/•SM•SD• RIC 15a (VI,
Serdica)
91) B09, O33, R110, T102, M05 Exe: KS/`TR S F across fields RIC 676a (VI,
Treveri)
92) B11, O33, R048, T046, M15 Exe: A/`/TR RIC 191 (VI,
TreverI)
93) B11, O40, R048, T046, M15 Exe: `/*/TR RIC 282 (VI,
Treveri)
94) B12, O26, R048, T046, M09 Exe: SMN RIC 27a (VI,
Nicomedia)
95) B12, O26, R048, T047, M05 Exe: K` RIC 10a (VI, Cyzicus)
96) B12, O26, R048, T047, M06 Exe: •HT`• RIC 23a (VI,
Heraclea)
97) B12, O26, R048, T047, M06 Exe: H`
98) B12, O26, R048, T047, M06 Exe: HT` RIC 17a (VI,
Heraclea)
99) B12, O26, R048, T047, M09 Exe: SMN` RIC 29a (VI,
Nicomedia)
100) B12, O26, R048, T047, M11 Exe: `/•SM•SD• RIC 3a (VI,
Serdica)
101) B12, O26, R048, T047, M13 Exe: `/•TS• RIC 25a (VI,
Thessalonica)
102) B12, O26, R048, T047, M13 Exe: •TS`• RIC 21a (VI,
Thessalonica)
103) B12, O29, R038, T004, M04 Exe: `/PK`
Officina in
field is a Greek letter that corresponds to Latin one in
exergue RIC 21a (VI,
Carthago)
104) B12, O29, R048, T046, M01 Exe: XX/` over I/ALE RIC 32a (VI,
Alexandria)
105) B12, O29, R048, T046, M01 Exe: XXI/`/ALE RIC 30a (VI,
Alexandria)
106) B12, O29, R048, T046, M03 Exe: AQ` RIC 22a (VI,
Aquileia)
107) B12, O29, R048, T046, M07 Exe: `LN RIC 11 (VI, Londinium)
108) B12, O29, R048, T046, M07 Exe: LON RIC 1a (VI, Londinium)
109) B12, O29, R048, T046, M10 Exe: R* RIC 94a (VI,
Roma)
110) B12, O29, R048, T046, M10 Exe: R/` RIC 64a (VI,
Roma)
111) B12, O29, R048, T046, M10 Exe: R/F/` RIC 90a (VI,
Roma)
112) B12, O29, R048, T046, M12 Exe: `/*SIS RIC 85a (VI,
Siscia)
113) B12, O29, R048, T046, M12 S in left
field,
officina in right
field RIC 79a (VI,
Siscia)
114) B12, O29, R048, T047, M02 Exe: `/ANT* RIC 56a (VI,
Antioch)
115) B12, O29, R117, T092, M10 Exe: `) RIC 100a (VI,
Roma)
116) B12, O32, R048, T047, M02 Exe: ` over `/ANT RIC 48a (VI,
Antioch)
117) B12, O32, R048, T047, M02 Exe: K/` over V/ANT RIC 54a (VI,
Antioch)
118) B12, O32, R058, T072, M01 Exe: S/` over P/ALE RIC 41 (VI,
Alexandria)
119) B12, O32, R118, T092, M14 Exe: */`T RIC 47a (VI,
Ticinum)
120) B12, O32, R119, T092, M14 Exe: `T• RIC 43a (VI,
Ticinum)
121) B12, O33, R048, T046, M15 Exe: `/*/TR RIC 305a (VI,
Treveri)
122) B12, O38, R044, T042, M15 Exe: */`TR 123) B12, O40, R038, T004, M04 Exe: I/PK` RIC 23a (VI,
Carthago)
124) B12, O40, R048, T046, M03 Exe: AQ` RIC 25a (VI,
Aquileia)
125) B12, O40, R048, T046, M12 Exe: I/`/XXISIS RIC 113a (VI,
Siscia)
126) B12, O40, R116, T092, M12 Exe: `/VI/SIS`
127) B12, O40, R119, T092, M03 Exe: AQ` RIC 29a (VI,
Aquileia)
128) B12, O40, R119, T092, M12 Exe: */`/*SIS RIC 136a (VI,
Siscia)
129) B17, O33, R048, T046, M07 RIC 13 (VI, Londinium)
130) B17, O33, R048, T048, M08 Exe: */`LG RIC 175 (VI,
Lugdunum)
131) B17, O33, R078, T092, M15 Exe: */`TR RIC 473a (VI,
Treveri)
132) B17, O36, R048, T046, M15 Exe: S/F/`TR RIC 505 (VI,
Treveri)
AE Denarius 133) B19, O26, R079, T087, M08
RIC V 113
134) B19, O33, R062, T067, M10
RIC V 187
135) B19, O33, R062, T067, M10 Exe: `