1. A Greek name for a hair covering of cloth worn by females - literally a "sack" placed over all or a portion of the head and hair.
2.
A ceremonial short tunic with half-sleeves worn by the Byzantine
emperor. In Greek sakkos (σακκος) literally means a "sackcloth garment."
The sakkos was originally worn by the Emperor as an imperial vestment,
symbolizing the tunic of disgrace worn by Christ during his trial and
mockery. It is still worn as a vestment by Orthodox and Greek Catholic bishops instead of the
priest's phelonion. The garment is a tunic with wide sleeves, and a
distinctive pattern of trim. It reaches below the knees and is fastened
up the sides with buttons or tied with ribbons. It is similar in form to
the western dalmatic, which is similarly derived from Byzantine dress. The sakkos is usually made of a rich brocade fabric and may be
intricately embroidered. There is normally a cross in the center of the
back, which the bishop kisses before it is placed on him. Buttons or
loops are sewn on the back, by which the bishop's omophorion (either
great or small) may be attached. Traditionally, bells are attached to
the sakkos, following the biblical directions for the vestments of the
Jewish High Priest (Exodus 28:33-34; 39:25-26).