Roma, 3.4.2017
Egregio
Lettore,
di seguito riporto gli elementi significativi
riguardanti la moneta di figura:
Antoniniano1,
zecca di Roma, 268-270 d. C.2, RIC
V/I 63 var. (pag. 216), Cohen
VI 151 (pag. 144), indice di rarità
"C".
Descrizione
sommaria (sono indicate in rosso le parti della
leggenda usurate o comunque non più leggibili):
D. IMP CLAVDIVS AVG2.
Claudio II, busto radiato e corazzato a destra.
R. LIBER AVG. X3
a destra nel campo. Libertas, stante a sinistra,
sorregge con la mano destra un pileo e con la
sinistra un lungo scettro verticale4.
La ricerca nel web di monete di tipologia
simile a quella di figura ha portato ai seguenti
risultati:
- https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=2120824
Paul-Francis Jacquier
http://www.coinsjacquier.com/ Auction 39 561
12. Sept. 2014 Description: RÖMISCHE MÜNZEN
EINE SPEZIALSAMMLUNG SELTENER ANTONINIANE
(268-294) CLAUDIUS II GOTHICUS, 268-270.
Antoninian, Rom, 268-269. IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG.
Panzerbüste mit Stkr. rechts. Rv/ LIBERT – AVG
/ X. Libertas mit Pileus und Zepter n. links
stehend. C 152. RIC 62. RIC online 270.63
(dieses Exemplar). 3,26 g. Selten in dieser
Erhaltung. Vorzüglich Aus dem Fund von
Çanakkale und der Sammlung P. Bastien.
- https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=51481
CGB.fr http://www.cgbfr.com/ Description:
CLAUDE II LE GOTHIQUE (09/268-06-08/270)
Marcus Aurelius Claudius Antoninien début 269
- mi 269 N° brm_130725 Date: début 269 - mi
269 Nom de l'atelier: Rome Métal: billon
Diamètre: 20,00mm Axe des coins: 6h. Poids:
3,14g. Etat de conservation: TTB/TTB+
Commentaires sur l'état de conservation:
Patine marron foncé avec un joli revers. Prix:
45,00€ N° dans les ouvrages de référence:
RIC.63 -C.150 - Nor.885 - RCV.- Titulature
avers: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG. Description avers:
Buste radié et cuirassé de Claude II à droite,
vu de trois quarts en avant (B). Traduction
avers: “Imperator Claudius Augustus”,
(L’empereur Claude auguste). Titulature
revers: LIBERT AVG -|X. Description revers:
Libertas (la Liberté) drapée, debout de face,
regardant à droite, tenant un bonnet
d’affranchi de la main droite et un sceptre de
la gauche. Traduction revers: “Libertas
Augusti”, (La Liberté de l’auguste).
Historique: Claude II fut nommé maître de la
Cavalerie après la défection d'Auréolus et fit
partie du complot qui élimina Gallien. Ayant
promis la vie sauve à Auréolus après la mort
de Gallien, il le laissa néanmoins massacrer
par ses troupes après la reddition de Milan.
Claude II remporta une brillante victoire sur
les Goths à Naissus en Mésie supérieure.
Malheureusement, les vaincus propagèrent la
peste parmi les vainqueurs et Claude en fut
victime. Il fut divinisé après sa mort et un
important monnayage de restitution fut frappé
par Aurélien d'abord en 270, puis par
Constantin Ier qui prétendait descendre de
Claude II, au début du IVe siècle.
- vcoins
CLAUDIUS II GOTHICUS AE
antoninianus. Rome. 269 AD. IMP CLAVDIVS
AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right. Reverse
- LIBERT AVG, Libertas standing left,
holding pileus and vertical sceptre.
RIC 63 var (sceptre); RCV 11349. 21mm,
3.9g. €12.16 Rates for: 03/31/17.
- http://www.time-lines.co.uk/claudius-ii-libertas-antoninianus-018740-28129-0.html
Excessively Rare. Reverse of Gallienus.
Claudius II 'Libertas' Antoninianus Bronze,
1.87 grams, 18.50 mm. Rome. 269 AD. Obverse:
IMP CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust
right. Reverse: LIBERT AVG, Libertas standing
left, holding pileus and vertical sceptre. RIC
V-1, 63 var (sceptre); cf Sear5 11349. Note:
On Claudius II coins, Libertas is usually
depicted holding a pileus and a cornucopiae.
However, as other examples of Claudius II's
coinage show, at the beginning of his reign,
reverse dies of Gallienus were used to speed
up the issue of the new coinage. This coin is
probably one such example (Gallienus Göbl
472f). Good ver fine. A significant coin which
has been published on wildwinds.com 70£st.
- https://en.numista.com/catalogue/pieces90684.html
Country Rome (ancient) Year 269 Value
Antoninianus (3/50) Metal Billon (.030)
Diameter 18mm Shape Round Demonetized yes
References: RCV# 11349 var., RIC# 63 var.,
Cohen# 150 var. Obverse Radiate, cuirassed
bust right Lettering: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG
Translation: “Imperator Claudius Augustus”
(Emperor Claudius August) Reverse Libertas
standing left, holding pileus and vertical
sceptre. Lettering: LIBERT AVG. Translation:
“Libertas Augusti”. Edge Smooth. Comments RIC
usually mentions a cornucopia instead of the
sceptre (this variety can be called as the
reverse of Gallienus).(Liberty of the August).
- https://www.ma-shops.com/noel/item.php5?id=10887&lang=it
Descrizione Roman antoninianus 268-270AD
Conservazione: VF Materiale: biglione Peso:
3.25g Claudius Gothicus (268-270AD). Billon
antoninianus- 3,25g, Rome mint obv: IMP
CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed
bust right rev: LIBERT AVG, Libertas standing
left, holding pileus and sceptre, x in right
field RIC 60 RI4034 Prezzo: 32,00€.
- ma-shops2
Descrizione Claudius II. Gothicus 268-270
Conservazione: vz Antoninian / antoninianus
des M. A. Claudius II. Gothicus Regiert: 268 -
270 n.Chr. Gewicht: 3.1g, übl. knapper
Schrötling Münzstätte: Rom 268-270 n.Chr., RIC
#63 C Av: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG / Kopf mit
Strahlenkrone r., drapiert, gepanzert Rv:
LIBERT AVG / Libertas steht l., hält
Freiheitsmütze r. u. Zepter l., X r.i.F.
Prezzo: 58,00€.
- ebay
Claudius II - Roman Emperor: 268-270 A.D.
Bronze Antoninianus 19mm (2.83 grams) Struck
circa 268-270 A.D. Reference: RIC 63f, C 152
IMPCLAVDIVSAVG - Radiate, cuirassed bust
right. LIBERTAVG Exe: Nothing or X - Libertas
standing, facing, holding pileus and scepter.
The pileus (from Greek πῖλος - pilos, also
pilleus or pilleum in Latin) was a brimless,
felt cap worn by sailors in Ancient Greece and
later copied by Ancient Rome. It became
emblematic of liberty and freedom from
bondage. During the classic revival of the
18th and 19th centuries it was widely confused
with the Phrygian cap which, in turn, appeared
frequently on statuary and heraldic devices as
a "liberty cap." LIBERTAS - Liberty is
represented in two ways on coins: the one as a
woman with a naked head, which is the image of
Roman Liberty; the other having her head
covered with a veil, and adorned with a
diadem, is the effigy of the goddess of
liberty, whose temple was on Mount Aventine.
The veil is in this case the token of
divinity, as indeed the diadem is the ornament
of a goddess. Liberty is represented not only
on consular medals, but also with considerable
frequency on those of the imperial series.
Marcus Aurelius Claudius (May 10, 213 -
January, 270), often referred to as Claudius
Gothicus or Claudius II, was a Roman Emperor.
He ruled the Roman Empire for less than two
years (268 - 270), but during that brief time
he managed to obtain some successes. He was
later given divine status. Life Origin
and rise to power Claudius' origin is
uncertain. He was either from Sirmium (Syrmia;
in Pannonia Inferior) or from Naissus Dardania
(in Moesia Superior); both areas are located
in Serbia. Claudius was the commander of the
Roman army that decisively defeated the Goths
at the Battle of Naissus in September 268; in
the same month, he attained the throne, amid
charges, never proven, that he murdered his
predecessor Gallienus. However, he soon proved
to be less than bloodthirsty, as he asked the
Roman Senate to spare the lives of Gallienus'
family and supporters. He was less magnanimous
toward Rome's enemies, however, and it was to
this that he owed his popularity. Claudius,
like Maximinus Thrax before him, was of
barbarian birth. After an interlude of failed
aristocratic Roman emperors since Maximinus's
death, Claudius was the first in a series of
tough soldier-emperors who would eventually
restore the Empire from the Crisis of the
third century. Claudius as emperor. At
the time of his accession, the Roman Empire
was in serious danger from several incursions,
both within and outside its borders. The most
pressing of these was an invasion of Illyricum
and Pannonia by the Goths. Not long after
being named emperor (or just prior to
Gallienus' death, depending on the source), he
won his greatest victory, and one of the
greatest in the history of Roman arms. The
Roman Empire in 268 A.D. At the Battle of
Naissus, Claudius and his legions routed a
huge Gothic army. Together with his cavalry
commander, the future Emperor Aurelian, the
Romans took thousands of prisoners, destroyed
the Gothic cavalry as a force and stormed
their laager (a circular alignment of wagons
long favored by the Goths). The victory earned
Claudius his surname of "Gothicus" (conqueror
of the Goths), and that is how he is known to
this day. More importantly, the Goths were
soon driven back across the Danube River, and
a century passed before they again posed a
serious threat to the empire. While this was
going on, the Germanic tribe known as the
Alamanni had crossed the Alps and attacked the
empire. Claudius responded quickly, routing
the Alamanni at the Battle of Lake Benacus in
the late fall of 268, a few months after the
battle of Naissus. He then turned on the
Gallic Empire, ruled by a pretender for the
past fifteen years and encompassing Britain,
Gaul, and the Iberian Peninsula. He won
several victories and soon regained control of
Spain and the Rhone river valley of Gaul. This
set the stage for the ultimate destruction of
the Gallic Empire under Aurelian. However,
Claudius did not live long enough to fulfill
his goal of reuniting all the lost territories
of the empire. Late in 269 he was preparing to
go to war against the Vandals, who were
raiding in Pannonia. However, he fell victim
to the Plague of Cyprian (possibly smallpox),
and died early in January 270. Before his
death, he is thought to have named Aurelian as
his successor, although Claudius' brother
Quintillus briefly seized power. The Senate
immediately deified Claudius as "Divus
Claudius Gothicus". Links to Constantinian
dynasty. The Historia Augusta reports Claudius
and Quintillus having another brother named
Crispus and through him a niece. Said niece
Claudia reportedly married Eutropius and was
mother to Constantius Chlorus. Historians
however suspect this account to be a
genealogical fabrication intended to link
Constantine I's family to that of a
well-respected emperor.
- http://www.cgbfr.com/claude-ii-le-gothique-antoninien,v59_0483,a.html
MONNAIES 59 (2013) Starting price: 350.00€
Estimate: 550.00€ unsold lot. Type: Antoninien
Date septembre 268 - début 269 Date
268-269 Mint name / Town:
Roma Metal: billon Millesimal
fineness: 30‰ Diameter: 19mm Orientation dies:
12h. Weight: 3,26g. Rarity: R1 Officine:
10e Emission: 1re. Coments on the
condition: Exemplaire sur un petit flan épais,
bien centré, mais un peu court sur la légende
de droit. Très beau portrait de Claude II.
Revers de style fin. Jolie patine marron
foncé. Conserve la plus grande partie de son
brillant de frappe et de son coupant
d’origine. Catalogue references: RIC.62 -
C.152 - Nor.684 - RCV.- ; Predigree: Cet
exemplaire provient du trésor de Canakkale, de
la collection du docteur Pierre Bastien, de la
vente Poindessault de mars 1988, n° 125 et de
la collection Daniel Compas “antoniniani et
aureliani exceptionnels” Obverse legend:
IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG . Obverse description:
Buste radié et cuirassé de Claude II à droite,
vu de trois quarts en avant (B) . Obverse
translation: “Imperator Cæsar Claudius
Augustus”, (L’empereur césar Claude auguste).
Reverse legend: LIBERT AVG/ -|X// -. Reverse
description: Libertas (la Liberté) drapée,
debout de face, regardant à droite, tenant un
bonnet d’affranchi de la main droite et un
sceptre de la gauche . Reverse
translation: “Libertas Augusti”, (La Liberté
de l’auguste) . Poids lourd. Sans
argenture superficielle. Rubans de type 3 aux
extrémités bouletées. Cet exemplaire est
mentionné avec photo dans le RIC.
temp.(exemplaire 63). CLAUDE II THE GOTHIC
(09/268 - 06-08/270) Marcus Aurelius Claudius.
Claudius II was appointed master of the
cavalry after the defection of Aureolus and
was part of the conspiracy that eliminated
Gallien. Having promised to save life Aureolus
after the death of Gallienus, he nevertheless
left massacred by his troops after the
surrender of Milan. Claudius II gained a
brilliant victory over the Goths Naissus in
upper Moesia. Unfortunately, defeated
propagated the plague among the winners and
Claude fell victim. He was deified after his
death and a major counterfeiting restitution
was struck by Aurelian in 270 first, then by
Constantine I, who claimed descent from
Claudius II, in the early fourth century.
- http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/ric/claudius_II/RIC_0062.jpg
Billon antoninianus of Claudius II Gothicus,
268-269 CE. Rome, 269-270 AD. Obv: IMP C
CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate, cuirassed bust right.
Rev: LIBERT AVG, Libertas standing facing,
head left, holding a pileum in her right hand
and a tall sceptre in her left. X in right
field. RIC V-1, 62 Rome Contributed by Bill
Welch, June 2009.
- http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/ric/claudius_II/RIC_0063v_2.jpg
Claudius II AE Antoninianus. Rome. 269 AD.
Obv: IMP CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed
bust right. Rev: LIBERT AVG, Libertas standing
left, holding pileus and vertical sceptre. X
in right field. RIC V-1, 63 var (sceptre); cf
Sear5 11349. Note: On Claudius II coins,
Libertas is usually depicted holding a pileus
and a cornucopiae. However, as other examples
of Claudius II's coinage show, at the
beginning of his reign, reverse dies of
Gallienus were used to speed up the issue of
the new coinage. This coin is one such
example.
Concludo osservando che la moneta di figura,
per quanto consentito da una valutazione a
distanza, presenta caratteristiche fisiche,
generali e di stile comparabili con quelle dei
conî d'epoca. Il valore venale del campione in
esame, nell'attuale stato di conservazione, non
dovrebbe superare i 10,00€.
Un saluto cordiale.
Giulio De Florio
---------------------------------------------------
Note:
(1)
Antoniniano. Raccolgo in tabella le
caratteristiche fisiche degli antoniniani di
Claudio II presenti nei link di
cui sopra.
Riferimenti |
Peso
(g.) |
Asse
di conio (ore) |
Diametro
(mm) |
Link1 |
3,26 |
- |
- |
Link2 |
3,14 |
6 |
20 |
Link3 |
3,9 |
- |
21 |
Link4 |
1,87 |
- |
18,5 |
Link5 |
- |
- |
18 |
Link6 |
3,25 |
- |
- |
Link7 |
3,1 |
- |
- |
Link8 |
2,83 |
- |
19 |
Link9 |
3,26 |
12 |
19 |
Si evince dalla tabella che le caratteristiche
fisiche dell'antoniniano di figura (2,88g, 19mm,
6h) rientrano nei margini di variabilità delle
monete dello stesso tipo reperite nel web.
(2) IMPerator CLAVDIVS
AVGustus. Riprendo da S. W. Stevenson -
"A Dictionary of Roman Coins" le notizie
storiche che riguardano questo sovrano:
Di oscure origini illiriche, grazie al talento
militare, si era conquistato la fiducia di
Traiano Decio che gli aveva affidato la difesa
dei confini settentrionali della Grecia.
Valeriano lo aveva nominato tribuno militare e,
nel 259 d.C., governatore dell'Illirico e
comandante in capo delle province del basso
Danubio. Le capacità militari gli avevano valso,
sotto Gallieno, un decreto del Senato che
autorizzava l'erezione di una statua in suo
onore. Lo stesso Gallieno lo aveva voluto con sé
durante la repressione di Aureolo e l'assedio di
Milano. Ma proprio in quelle circostanze
Gallieno era stato ucciso dagli ufficiali del
suo staff che acclamarono al suo posto Claudio,
presto riconosciuto Augusto anche dal Senato il
20 marzo del 268 d.C. . In breve tempo il nuovo
sovrano represse la rivolta di Aureolo e
sconfisse gli Alemanni sul lago di Garda, vicino
Verona, per poi dedicarsi a ripristinare
l'ordine e la legalità nell'impero. Ma la pace
durò poco perché l'anno successivo i Goti
raccolsero una flotta di 1200 navi che doveva
appoggiare le azioni di terra e un esercito di
oltre 300.000 uomini. Claudio mosse loro
incontro sconfiggendoli a Naissus (l'odierna
Nis, in Serbia) in una battaglia in cui 50.000
Goti persero la vita. Dopo questi avvenimenti
Claudio assunse il titolo di "Gotico". Poco
tempo dopo, nel 270 d. C., morì della peste
portata dai Goti. Prima di morire pare che
designasse, come successore, Aureliano. Dopo la
morte fu divinizzato. Sotto Aureliano, fu
battuta una serie della restituzione, ripresa
anche da Costantino I che pretendeva di
discendere da lui.
(3) La X a destra nel campo
denota l'officina monetale della zecca di Roma,
responsabile dell'emissione (X=decima officina
di 12 attive nel periodo).
(4) LIBERtas AVGusti (la
Libertà di Augusto). La leggenda del rovescio
fornisce in modo inequivocabile l'identità del
personaggio rappresentato nel rovescio con i
suoi attributi tipici, il pileo (il berretto
indossato dallo schiavo liberato) e lo scettro.
La Libertà di Augusto, è ad un tempo una qualità
intrinseca dell'imperatore e il nume
dispensatore di questo beneficio al popolo
romano. |