Islamic Rulers
Atabegs
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ATABEGS Atabegs were tutors to Seljuk royal princes who sometimes acted as regent before founding their own dynasties. | |||
| DYNASTY | LOCATION | DATES | NOTES |
| Artuqid of Halab | northern Syria | 1118 - 1124 | |
| Artuqid of Amid and Kayfa | south-east Turkey | 1144 - 1232 | |
| Artuqid of Khartabirt | Harput, south-east Turkey | 1185 - 1203 | |
| Artuqid of Mardin | south-east Turkey | 1152 - 1408 |  Najm al-Din Ghazi I |
| Zangid of Syria | Syria/Iraq | 1127 - 1183 | the founder of this dynasty was 'Imad al-Din Zangi who was commander under the Seljuks. He and his his son Nur-al-Din are remembered for their operations against the Crusaders. Saladin conquered Damascus and Aleppo 1173. |
| Zangid of Al-Mawsil (Mosul) | northern Iraq | 1149 - 1233 | |
| Lu'lu'id | Iraq | 1233 - 1261 | successors to the above |
| Zangid of Sinjar | Iraq | 1169 - 1220 | Qutb al-Din Muhammad 1197-1219 |
| Zangid of al-Jazira | Jazira Ibn 'Umar, modern Cizre, south-east Turkey | 1180 - 1251 | |
| Zangid of Shahruzur | North east Iraq? | c. 1220s - 1251 | |
| Begteginid at Irbil | Iraq, 48 miles east of Mosul | 1168 - 1233 | |
| Inalid at Amid | south-east Turkey | 1109 - 1142 | |
| Begtimurid at Ahlat | Armenia | 1183 - 1193 | Turkoman dynasty |
| Salduqid at Erzurum | eastern Turkey | 1116 - 1191 | Turkoman dynasty |
| Menkujakid | at Erzincan and Divrigi, eastern Turkey | 1167 - 1181 | Turkoman dynasty |
| Bursuqid | Mosul (Iraq), Rahba (Syria) and Azerbaijan | 1115 - 1120s | |
| Ahmadili | at Maragha, northern Iran | 1116 - 1207 | mixed Arab and Turkish |
| Ildegizid | in Azerbaijan | 1137 - 1225 | |
| Sulamid (Maliks of Darband) | Iran, north of Tehran | 1136 - 1189 | |
| Khaqanid (Shirvanshahs 2nd dynasty) | nothern Azerbaijan | 1063 - 1266 | |
| Pishkinid | at Ahar, extreme north of Iran | 1195 - 1226 | vassals of the Ildegizids |
| Assassins (Batinid) | see right | 1138 - 1254 | Isma'ili sect with castles in parts of Syria and Iran, centre Almut. They terrorized the neighbouring countryside with bands of armed men, high on hashish. The word "assassin" is derived from "hash-shashiyun", or hashish-eaters. |
| Atabegs of Fars | South east Iran | 1123 - 1148 | |
| Salghurid | Shiraz, south central Iran | 1148 - 1285 | |
| Atabegs of Yazd | central Iran | 1272 - 1297 | |
| Qutlughkhanid (Atabegs of Kirman) | south central Iran | 1252 - 1303 | vassals of the Khwarizmshahs, then the Mongols |
| Atabegs of Shabankara | Shabankara, eastern Fars, south east Iran | 1260s - 1282 | vassals of the Ilkhans |
| Qalhati Amirs (Kings of Hormuz) | Omani Arabs ruling in Hormuz and Jarun, southern Iran | 1278 - 1601 | |
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Iran - early period
Iran under Seljuks
Atabegs
Seljuks of Rum
The Mongols and after
Tamerlane
Ottoman Empire