Classical Numismatics Discussion Members' Coin Collection Photo Gallery

Image search results - "phoenix"

Constans - AE3 Half Centenionalis. 348-350 AD.
Obv.: D N CONSTANS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev.: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, phoenix, radiate, standing right on rocky mound,
ASIS V in ex.
Gs. 2,7 mm. 19,6
Cohen 22, RIC 247

Maxentius

Constans, Siscia RIC VIII 199Constans, AE 3, Sisica
Obverse: DN CONSTANS PF AVG, pearl diademed and curiassed bust right.
Reverse: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing facing, head left, holding Phoenix on globe and labarum on galley, Victory sits at the helm.
Gamma SIST(symbol 3) in ex. Siscia mint, 18.9 mm, 2.0 g.NORMAN K

Constans, RIC VIII 199a SisciaConstans, AE 4,
Obverse: DN CONSTANS PF AVG, diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing facing, head left, holding Phoenix on globe and holding a labarum on galley. Victory sits on helm.
Mintmark episilon SIS (symbol1) in ex. Siscia. 17 mm, 2.0 g.
NORMAN K

(0138) FAUSTINA I(wife of Antoninus Pius)
FAUSTINA I
Ca. 100 - 141 AD
AE SESTERTIUS 35 mm 18.36 g
O: DIAD DR BUST R
R: AETERNITAS SEATED LEFT, HOLDING SCEPTER AND PHOENIX ON GLOBElaney

(0138) FAUSTINA I(wife of Antoninus Pius)
FAUSTINA SR
ca. 100 - 141 AD
POSTHUMOUS ISSUE
AE 29.5 mm 10.02 g
OBBUST R
R: AETERNITAS SEATED L HOLDING SCEPTER AND PHOENIX ON GLOBElaney

(0324) CONSTANTIUS II324 - 337 AD as Caesar
337 - 361 AD as Augustus
struck 348 - 351 AD
AE 18.5 mm 1.97 g
O: CONSTANTIVS PF AVG bust right
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO Constantius on galley , left, holding phoenix on globe, and holding chi rho banner; Victory in stern. TESC in exe.
Thessalonicalaney

(0324) CONSTANTIUS II324 - 337 AD as Caesar
337 - 361 AD as Augustus
AE 17 mm 2.44 g
O: D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG diademed draped cuirassed bust right
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO radiate phoenix on globe; SMHG in exe.
Heraclea mintlaney

(0324) CONSTANTIUS II324 - 337 AD (as Caesar)
337 - 361 AD (as Augustus)
AE 17.5 mm, 2.23 g
O: bust right
R: radiate phoenix on globe
Constantinople mintlaney

(0333) CONSTANS333 - 337 (as Caesar)
337 - 350 AD (as Augustus)
AE 19 mm 2.89 g
O: DN CONSTANS PF AVG
DIAD DR CUIR BUST R
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO
CONSTANS HOLDING CHI-RHO LABARUM AND PHOENIX ON GLOBE, AND STANDING L ON GALLEY PILOTED BY VICTORY
TESG IN EXE
THESSALONICAlaney

(0333) CONSTANS333 - 337 (as Caesar)
337 - 350 AD (as Augustus)
AE 18 mm, 2.00 g
O: D N CONSTANs P F AVG Bust right
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO Emperor standin g left on prow of galley, holding phoenix on globe and chi-rho banner, Victory to right steering; TESG in exe.
Thessalonica mintlaney

(0333) CONSTANS333 - 337 (as Caesar)
337 - 350 AD (as Augustus)
AE 17.5 mm 2.11 g
O: CONSTANS P F AVG Bust right
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO Emperor standing left holding phoenix on globe in right hand and chi-rho standard in left, on prow of galley piloted by Victory; SARL pellet in exe.
Arles mintlaney

(0333) CONSTANS337-350 A.D.
AE 19 mm; 2.55 g
O: D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right;
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, Phoenix on globe in right, labarum in left; at stern Victory steering, TESA in ex;
Thessalonica mint; RIC VIII 120laney

(0333) CONSTANS337-350 AD
(struck 348 - 350 AD)
AE 18 mm; 3.12 g
O: D N CONSTA_NS P F AVG Pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
R: FEL TEMP-REPARATIO Emperor in military dress standing facing, head left, phoenix on globe in right hand, labarum inscribed with Christogram on banner in left hand, all within galley piloted by Victory; TESB in exergue
Thessalonica mint; RIC VIII, 120laney

(0333) CONSTANS333 - 337 (as Caesar)
337 - 350 AD (as Augustus)
struck 348-350 A.D.
AE 19 mm; 2.89 g
O: D N CONSTANS P F AVG, diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right.
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, emperor standing left on galley, holding labarum and phoenix on globe, Victory seated at the helm, THESΓ in ex
Thessalonica mint; RIC VIII 109laney

(0333) CONSTANS333 - 337 (as Caesar)
337 - 350 AD (as Augustus)
struck 348-350 A.D.
AE 18 mm; 2.13 g
O: D N CONSTANS P F AVG, diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right.
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, emperor standing left on galley, holding labarum and phoenix on globe, Victory seated at the helm
laney

(0333) CONSTANS(0333) CONSTANS
333 - 337 (as Caesar)
337 - 350 AD (as Augustus)
AE 18 mm, 2.44 g
O: D N CONSTANs P F AVG Bust right
R: FEL TEMP REPARATIO Emperor standing left on prow of galley, holding phoenix on globe and chi-rho banner, Victory to right steeringlaney

(0375) VALENTINIAN II375 - 392 AD
AE 16.5 mm; 1.21 g
O: DN VALENTINI-ANVS PF AVG, pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
R: VIRTVS AVGGG, emperor on galley left, holding phoenix
on globe in right hand and labarum in left hand; right foot on captive, Victory at helm
A in left field; TES in exe.
Thessalonica; cf RIC IX 61a. Scarce.
laney

0 - Macrinus Tetradrachm - Beroea Mint, SyriaRoman Empire, Syro-Phoenician 4 Drachm.
SYRIA, Cyrrhestica. Beroea.
Emperor Macrinus (217-218 AD). Silver Tetradrachm.

(titles in Greek)
obv: Laureate, and cuirassed bust right, seen from the front.

rev: Eagle standing facing holding wreath in beak, head and tail facing left; Palm leaf in upper left field.
Winged Animal (Possibly a Phoenix) between eagle's legs; 'B-E' flanking either side, one letter under each one of the eagle's feet.

14.4 Grams
27 / 26.5 mmrexesq

0 - Macrinus Tetradrachm - Beroea Mint, Syria.Roman Empire, Syro-Phoenician 4 Drachm.
SYRIA, Cyrrhestica. Beroea.
Emperor Macrinus (217-218 AD). Silver Tetradrachm.

(titles in Greek)
obv: Laureate, and cuirassed bust right, seen from the front.

rev: Eagle standing facing holding wreath in beak, head and tail facing left; Palm leaf in upper left field.
Winged Animal (Possibly a Phoenix) between eagle's legs; 'B-E' flanking either side, one letter under each one of the eagle's feet.

14.4 Grams
27 / 26.5 mm
------
Bust, cut.rexesq

036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 1103 (A.Pius), Rome, AE-Sestertius, AETERNITAS, Aeternitas seated left,036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 1103 (A.Pius), Rome, AE-Sestertius, AETERNITAS, Aeternitas seated left,
Wife of Antoninus Pius.
avers:- DIVA-FAV-STINA, Draped bust right.
revers:- AETER-NITAS, Aeternitas seated left holding phoenix and scepter.
exerg: -/-//S-C, diameter: 33mm, weight: 26,70g, axis: 11h,
mint: Rome, date: after 141 A.D., ref: RIC-III-1103 (Antoninus Pius) p-162 , C-15-17,
Q-001quadrans

0589 Constans - AE 3Thessalonica
348 - 350 AD
pearl-didemed, draped and cuirassed bust right
D N CONSTA_NS P F AVG
Constans standing on boat to the left, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory sitting behind, steering boat with rudder
FEL TEMP__REPARATIO
TESE
RIC VIII Thessalonica 120
2,00g 18mmJ. B.

090a04. ConstansAE3. 18.75mm, 2.54 g. 348-350 AD. Siscia mint. Obv: D N CONSTANS P F AVG, diademed, draped bust right. Rev: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, phoenix on rocky mount. Mintmark ASIS [uncertain symbol]. Siscia RIC VIII 232.lawrence c

090a08. ConstansAE3. 18.9mm, 2.05 g. Thessalonica, 337-340 AD. Obv: D N CONSTANS P F AVG, bust right. Rev: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Constans standing left on galley, holding phoenix and labarum, piloted by Victory. Mintmark TESdelta.RIC VIII Thessalonica 120. A FORUM coin.lawrence c

1 ConstansConstans centenionalis. D N CONSTANS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right / FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Constans standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, piloted by Victory, R [O or Q ?] in ex.1 commentsRandygeki(h2)

1 ConstansConstans
23mm 6.08g
D N CONSTANS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right / FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Constans standing left on prow of galley holding phoenix and labarum, Victory at helm, star in right field. Mintmark ALEΔ.
Alexandria
RIC VIII 53 Randygeki(h2)

1 ConstansConstans centenionalis. D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right / FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Constans standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, piloted by Victory, R Q in ex. RIC 1093 commentsRandygeki(h2)

1 ConstansAE4
D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Rosette diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on Globe, piloted by Victory
PLG in ex

RIC Lyons 963 commentsRandygeki(h2)

1 ConstansConstans AE2, Antioch mint, 348-350 AD.

DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right / FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Constans on galley holding phoenix & labarum,
Victory at helm, to right, star in the field.
AN Delta in ex.

RIC VIII Antioch 124
2 commentsRandygeki(h2)

1 ConstansConstans AE2, Antioch mint, 348-350 AD.

DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right / FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Constans on galley holding phoenix & labarum,
Victory at helm, to right, star in the field.
ANSin ex.

RIC VIII Antioch 124 2 commentsRandygeki(h2)

1 Constantius IIConstantius II AE3. AD 351-355. D N CONSTAN-TIVS P F AVG, diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right / FEL TEMP REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding a phoenix on globe and a chi-rho standard, Victory at helm steers the ship. Γ in left field, * in right field. Mintmark dot TS epsilon dot.
Thessalonica
RIC VIII 174 var2 commentsRandygeki(h2)

130j Constans. AE Centenionalis obv: DN CONSTA_NS PF AVG pearl dia. drp. cuir. bust r.
rev: FEL TEMP REPARATIO emp. holding phoenix on globe and standard with CHI RHO in banner, victory steering the galley
ex: A/RT1 commentshill132

138-161 AD - FAUSTINA Senior AE as - struck 148-161 ADobv: DIVA FAVSTINA (draped bust right)
rev: AETERNITAS / S.C. (Aeternitas seated left holding phoenix on globe & scepter)
ref: RIC III 1156 (Ant.Pius), C.16 (2frcs)
8.10gms, 25mm, berserker

1403c, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.Bronze AE 3, RIC VII 35, choice aEF, Constantinople mint, 3.336g, 20.0mm, 180o, 328 A.D.; Obverse: CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, laurel and rosette diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: CONSTANTINI-ANA DAFNE, Victory seated left on cippus, head right, palm frond in each hand, trophy and captive before, CONS in exergue, B left; scarce. Ex FORVM.

"The information about Constantine's campaign across [the Danube] is obscure and untrustworthy. The question, therefore, of what he achieved by this enterprise was, and is, subject to contradictory interpretations. On the one hand, the Panegyrists claimed that he had repeated the triumphs of Trajan. On the other, his own nephew, Julian the Apostate, spoke for many when he expressed the view that this second 'conquest' of Dacia was incomplete and extremely brief . . . monetary commemoration was accorded to the building, at about the same time [AD 328], of the river frontier fortress of Constantiniana Dafne (Spantov, near Oltenita) . . ." (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix, 1998. 58-9).

The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.

Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.

For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/1 commentsCleisthenes

1404a, Crispus, Caesar 317 - 326 A.D. Bronze AE 3, RIC 17, aEF, Cyzicus mint, 3.196g, 19.9mm, 315o, 321 - 324 A.D.; Obverse: D N FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: IOVI CONSERVATORI, Jupiter standing left holding Victory on globe in right and scepter in left, eagle with wreath in beak to left, X / IIG and captive right, SMKD in exergue; scarce (RIC R3). Ex FORVM.

De Imperatoribus Romanis;
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families

Crispus Caesar (317-326 A.D.)

Hans Pohlsander
SUNY Albany

Crispus was the oldest son of the emperor Constantine I and played a fairly important role in the political and military events of the early fourth century. The regular form of his full name is Flavius Iulius Crispus, although the forms Flavius Claudius Crispus and Flavius Valerius Crispus also occur. His mother was a woman named Minervina, with whom Constantine had a relationship, probably illegitimate, before he married Fausta in 307. When Minervina died or when Constantine put her aside we do not know. Nor do we know when she gave birth to Crispus; we may assume, of course, that it was before 307. Some modern authorities, on good grounds, think that it was in 305. Crispus' place of birth must have been somewhere in the East, and it is not known when he was brought to Gaul and when, where, or under what circumstances he was separated from his mother.

Constantine entrusted the education of his son to the distinguished Christian scholar Lactantius, thereby giving a clear sign of his commitment to Christianity. We are not told when Lactantius assumed his duties, but a date before 317 seems likely. Nor do we know how successful he was in instilling Christian beliefs and values in his imperial pupil. No later than January of 322 Crispus must have married a woman named Helena -- not to be confused with Constantine's mother or daughter by the same name- and this woman bore him a child in October of 322. Constantine, we learn, was pleased.

Crispus' official career began at an early age and is well documented. On March 1 of 317, at Serdica (modern Sofia), his father appointed him Caesar. The consulship was his three times, in 318, 321, and 324. While nominally in charge of Gaul, with a prefect at his side, he successfully undertook military operations against the Franks and Alamanni in 320 and 323.

In 324, during the second war between Constantine and Licinius, he excelled as commander of Constantine's fleet in the waters of the Hellespont, the Propontis, and the Bosporus, thus making a significant contribution to the outcome of that war. The high points of his career are amply reflected in the imperial coinage. In addition to coins, we have his portrait, with varying degrees of certainty, in a number of sculptures, mosaics, cameos, etc. Contemporary authors heap praises upon him. Thus the panegyrist Nazarius speaks of Crispus' "magnificent deeds," and Eusebius calls him "an emperor most dear to God and in all regards comparable to his father."

Crispus' end was as tragic as his career had been brilliant. His own father ordered him to be put to death. We know the year of this sad event, 326, from the Consularia Constantinopolitana, and the place, Pola in Istria, from Ammianus Marcellinus. The circumstances, however, are less clear. Zosimus (6th c.) and Zonaras (12th c.) both report that Crispus and his stepmother Fausta were involved in an illicit relationship. There may be as much gossip as fact in their reports, but it is certain that at some time during the same year the emperor ordered the death of his own wife as well, and the two cases must be considered together. That Crispus and Fausta plotted treason is reported by Gregory of Tours, but not very believable. We must resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins. A similar claim had already been made by Julian the Apostate. We must also, I think, reject the suggestion of Guthrie that the emperor acted in the interest of "dynastic legitimacy," that is, that he removed his illegitimate first-born son in order to secure the succession for his three legitimate younger sons. But Crispus must have committed, or at least must have been suspected of having committed, some especially shocking offense to earn him a sentence of death from his own father. He also suffered damnatio memoriae, his honor was never restored, and history has not recorded the fate of his wife and his child (or children).

Copyright (C) 1997, Hans A. Pohlsander. Published on De Imperatoribus Romanis;An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families:
http://www.roman-emperors.org/crispus.htm

What If?

St. Nectarios, in his book, The Ecumenical Synods, writes "Hellenism spread by Alexander paved the way for Christianity by Emperor Constantine the Great."

Constantine's upward gaze on his "Eyes to Heaven" coins recall the coin portraits of Alexander the Great (namely coins struck by the Diodochi), which served as prototypes for the divine ruler portraiture of much of the Hellenistic age. The diadem, of which this is the most elaborate type, was adopted by Constantine and the members of his house as a new symbol of sovereignty.

In the Greek Orthodox Church, Constantine the Great is revered as a Saint.

Is it just possible? Constantine, knowing what happened (or thinking that he does) to Phillip II of Macedon—assassinated on the eve of his greatness, in a plot that most likely involved his wife—and possibly his son. . . isn’t it just possible that Constantine is growing obsessively jealous of his ever more successful and adulated son? Imagine the Constantine who has proven time and again (think: Licinius) that he is a completely self-serving liar and a murderer, decides to murder again? Why "must we resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins [?] (see: above). A similar claim had already been made by Julian the [Philosopher]."

Perhaps it is time to cease being apologists for the sometime megalomaniacal Constantine. As Michael Grant notes, "It is a mocking travesty of justice to call such a murderer Constantine the Great . . ." (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix Press, 1998. 226).

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.

Cleisthenes

1404b, Crispus, Caesar 317 - 326 A.D. (Thessalonica)Bronze AE 3, RIC 118, VF, Thessalonica mint, 2.740g, 18.0mm, 180o, 320 - 321 A.D. Obverse: FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust left; Reverse: CAESARVM NOSTRORVM, VOT V in wreath, TSDVI in exergue.

Flavius Julius Crispus was the son of Constantine I by his first wife. A brilliant soldier, Crispus was well loved by all until 326 A.D., when Constantine had him executed. It is said that Fausta, Crispus stepmother, anxious to secure the succession for her own sons falsely accused Crispus of raping her. Constantine, learning of Fausta`s treachery, had her executed too.

De Imperatoribus Romanis;
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families

Crispus Caesar (317-326 A.D.)

Hans Pohlsander
SUNY Albany

Crispus was the oldest son of the emperor Constantine I and played a fairly important role in the political and military events of the early fourth century. The regular form of his full name is Flavius Iulius Crispus, although the forms Flavius Claudius Crispus and Flavius Valerius Crispus also occur. His mother was a woman named Minervina, with whom Constantine had a relationship, probably illegitimate, before he married Fausta in 307. When Minervina died or when Constantine put her aside we do not know. Nor do we know when she gave birth to Crispus; we may assume, of course, that it was before 307. Some modern authorities, on good grounds, think that it was in 305. Crispus' place of birth must have been somewhere in the East, and it is not known when he was brought to Gaul and when, where, or under what circumstances he was separated from his mother.

Constantine entrusted the education of his son to the distinguished Christian scholar Lactantius, thereby giving a clear sign of his commitment to Christianity. We are not told when Lactantius assumed his duties, but a date before 317 seems likely. Nor do we know how successful he was in instilling Christian beliefs and values in his imperial pupil. No later than January of 322 Crispus must have married a woman named Helena -- not to be confused with Constantine's mother or daughter by the same name- and this woman bore him a child in October of 322. Constantine, we learn, was pleased.

Crispus' official career began at an early age and is well documented. On March 1 of 317, at Serdica (modern Sofia), his father appointed him Caesar. The consulship was his three times, in 318, 321, and 324. While nominally in charge of Gaul, with a prefect at his side, he successfully undertook military operations against the Franks and Alamanni in 320 and 323.

In 324, during the second war between Constantine and Licinius, he excelled as commander of Constantine's fleet in the waters of the Hellespont, the Propontis, and the Bosporus, thus making a significant contribution to the outcome of that war. The high points of his career are amply reflected in the imperial coinage. In addition to coins, we have his portrait, with varying degrees of certainty, in a number of sculptures, mosaics, cameos, etc. Contemporary authors heap praises upon him. Thus the panegyrist Nazarius speaks of Crispus' "magnificent deeds," and Eusebius calls him "an emperor most dear to God and in all regards comparable to his father."

Crispus' end was as tragic as his career had been brilliant. His own father ordered him to be put to death. We know the year of this sad event, 326, from the Consularia Constantinopolitana, and the place, Pola in Istria, from Ammianus Marcellinus. The circumstances, however, are less clear. Zosimus (6th c.) and Zonaras (12th c.) both report that Crispus and his stepmother Fausta were involved in an illicit relationship. There may be as much gossip as fact in their reports, but it is certain that at some time during the same year the emperor ordered the death of his own wife as well, and the two cases must be considered together. That Crispus and Fausta plotted treason is reported by Gregory of Tours, but not very believable. We must resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins. A similar claim had already been made by Julian the Apostate. We must also, I think, reject the suggestion of Guthrie that the emperor acted in the interest of "dynastic legitimacy," that is, that he removed his illegitimate first-born son in order to secure the succession for his three legitimate younger sons. But Crispus must have committed, or at least must have been suspected of having committed, some especially shocking offense to earn him a sentence of death from his own father. He also suffered damnatio memoriae, his honor was never restored, and history has not recorded the fate of his wife and his child (or children).

Copyright (C) 1997, Hans A. Pohlsander. Published on De Imperatoribus Romanis;An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families:
http://www.roman-emperors.org/crispus.htm

What If?

St. Nectarios, in his book, The Ecumenical Synods, writes "Hellenism spread by Alexander paved the way for Christianity by Emperor Constantine the Great."

Constantine's upward gaze on his "Eyes to Heaven" coins recall the coin portraits of Alexander the Great (namely coins struck by the Diodochi), which served as prototypes for the divine ruler portraiture of much of the Hellenistic age. The diadem, of which this is the most elaborate type, was adopted by Constantine and the members of his house as a new symbol of sovereignty.

In the Greek Orthodox Church, Constantine the Great is revered as a Saint.

Is it just possible? Constantine, knowing what happened (or thinking that he does) to Phillip II of Macedon—assassinated on the eve of his greatness, in a plot that most likely involved his wife—and possibly his son. . . isn’t it just possible that Constantine is growing obsessively jealous of his ever more successful and adulated son? Imagine the Constantine who has proven time and again (think: Licinius) that he is a completely self-serving liar and a murderer, decides to murder again? Why "must we resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins [?] (see: above). A similar claim had already been made by Julian the [Philosopher]."

Perhaps it is time to cease being apologists for the sometime megalomaniacal Constantine. As Michael Grant notes, "It is a mocking travesty of justice to call such a murderer Constantine the Great . . ." (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix Press, 1998. 226).

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes

1405n, Constans, 9 September 337 - 19 January 350 A.D. (Siscia)Constans, 9 September 337 - 19 January 350 A.D. Bronze AE 3, RIC 241, S 3978, VM 69, VF, Siscia, 2.32g, 18.3mm, 180o. Obverse: D N CONSTANS P F AVG, pearl diademed draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix radiate, standing on rocky mound, GSIS and symbol in ex; nice green patina.

Flavius Julius Constans, third and youngest son of Constantine I and Fausta, was born between 320 and 323 A.D. Primary sources for the life and reign of Constans I are scarce. To reconstruct his life and career, one must draw on a variety of references in both fourth century and later works. Raised as a Christian, he was made a Caesar on 25 December 333 A.D. Constans I and his two brothers, after the death of their father on 22 May 337 and the subsequent "massacre of the princes" in which many other relatives were purged, met in the first part of September 337 in Pannonia to re-divide the empire among themselves. There they were acclaimed Augusti by the army. Constans' new realm included Italy, Africa, Illyricum, Macedonia, and Achaea. Shortly before his father's death, Constans' engagement to Olympias, the daughter of the Praetorian Prefect Ablabius, was announced; although the match was never solemnized because of political reasons.

It would appear that Constans was successful in the military sphere. Following his accession to the purple in 337, he seems to have won a victory over the Sarmatians. In 340 Constans was able to beat back an attempt by his brother Constantine II to seize some of his realm. The latter died in a battle fought near Aquileia and Constans absorbed his late brother's territory. In 341 and 342 he conducted a successful campaign against the Franci. He also visited Britain in 343, probably on a military campaign.

As an emperor Constans gets mixed reviews. In what may be a topos, sources suggest that the first part of his reign was moderate but in later years, however, he became overbearing. The emperor apparently attempted to obtain as much money as he could from his subjects and sold government posts to the highest bidder. His favorites were allowed to oppress his subjects. Sources also condemn his homosexuality. He did have some military success and, in addition to other military threats, he had to deal with Donatist-related bandits in North Africa.

Like his father Constantine I and his brother Constantius II, Constans had a deep interest in Christianity. Together with Constantius II he issued (or perhaps re-issued) a ban against pagan sacrifice in 341. The next year, they cautioned against the destruction of pagan temples. Unlike his brother Constantius II, who supported the Arian faction, he stood shoulder to shoulder with Athanasius and other members of the Orthodox clique. In fact, it is due to his request that the Council of Serdica was called to deal with the ecclesiastical squabble between Athanasius of Alexandria and Paul of Constantinople on one side and the Arian faction on the other.

When Magnentius was declared emperor in Gaul during January 350, Constans realized his reign was at an end. When he learned of the revolt, he fled toward Helena, a town in the Pyrenees. Constans was put to death by Gaeso and a band of Magnentius' assassins, who dragged their victim from a temple in which he had sought refuge.

By Michael DiMaio, Jr., Salve Regina University and Robert Frakes, Clarion University
Published: De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families http://www.roman-emperors.org/startup.htm. Used by permission.

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Aquilea, RIC VIII 099, -/-//AQT•, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, #1146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Aquilea, RIC VIII 099, -/-//AQT•, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, #1
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Draped, diademed, bust right.
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, seering the ship.
exerg: -/-//AQT•, diameter: 22-25mm, weight: 4,03g, axes: 11h,
mint: Aquilea, date: 348-350 A.D., ref: RIC VIII 099, p-323,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Constantinopolis, RIC VIII (083 var ???), -/-//CONSA*, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Not in RIC !!!,146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Constantinopolis, RIC VIII (083 var ???), -/-//CONSA*, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Not in RIC !!!,
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Draped , diademed, bust right,
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPAR-ATIO, Emperor military dress stage left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship. No letter on the fields !!
exe: -/-//CONSA*, diameter: 22-24mm, weight: 4,93g, axis: 5h,
mint: Constantinopolis, date: A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-83variation( no letter is the fields!! Not in RIC!!!), p-454,
Q-0012 commentsquadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Cyzicus, RIC VIII 066, -/-//SMKA, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Rare !,146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Cyzicus, RIC VIII 066, -/-//SMKA, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Rare !,
avers:- D-N-CONSTA-NS-P-F-AVG, Draped , diademed, bust right,
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor military dress stage left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship. No letter on the fields !!
exe: -/-//SMKA, diameter: 23-24,5 mm, weight: 4,95g, axis: 0h,
mint: Cyzicus, date: A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-66 no letter is the fields!! Rare!, p-494,
Q-0013 commentsquadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 199var ???, -/-//BSIS-symbol-4 ???, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Scarce !146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 199var ???, -/-//BSIS-symbol-4 ???, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Scarce !
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Draped , diademed, bust right,
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor military dress stage left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship. No letter on the fields !!!
exe: -/-//BSIS-symbol-4 ???, diameter: 18,5-19,5mm, weight: 2,69g, axis: 1h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-350 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-199v ???, p-364,
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 199var, -/-//ASIS symbol Delta, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Scarce!146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 199var, -/-//ASIS symbol Delta, AE-2 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, Scarce!
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Draped , diademed, bust right,
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPAR-ATIO, Emperor military dress stage left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship. No letter on the fields !!
exe: -/-//ASIS symbol Delta, diameter: 23mm, weight: 6,31g, axis: 6h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-350 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-199v, p-364,
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 232 var, -/-//BSIS•, AE-3 Follis, FEL•TEMP•R(E)PARATIO, Phoenix, legend error!!!146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 232 var, -/-//BSIS•, AE-3 Follis, FEL•TEMP•R(E)PARATIO, Phoenix, legend error!!!
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Cn8, D3, Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
revers:- FEL•TEMP•R(E)PARATIO, Phoenix, radiate, standing right on pile of ashes.
exergo: -/-//BSIS•, diameter: 19-21mm, weight: 2,57g, axis: 0h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-50 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-232-p366,
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 232, -/-//ΔSIS•, AE-3 Follis, FEL•TEMP•REPARATIO, Phoenix, C4!146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 232, -/-//Î”SIS•, AE-3 Follis, FEL•TEMP•REPARATIO, Phoenix, C4!
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Cn8, D3, Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
revers:- FEL•TEMP•REPARATIO, Phoenix, radiate, standing right on pile of ashes.
exergo: -/-//Î”SIS•, diameter: 17-19mm, weight: 2,63g, axis: 6h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-50 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-232-p366, C4!
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 232, -/-//BSIS•, AE-3 Follis, FEL•TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix,146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 232, -/-//BSIS•, AE-3 Follis, FEL•TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix,
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Cn8, D3, Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
revers:- FEL•TEMP-REPARATIO, Phoenix, radiate, standing right on pile of ashes.
exergo: -/-//BSIS•, diameter: 18-20mm, weight: 2,73g, axis: 1h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-50 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-232-p366,
Q-0012 commentsquadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 241, -/-//ASIS Symbol"5", AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix,146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 241, -/-//ASIS Symbol"5", AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix,
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Cn8, D3, Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPARATIO, Phoenix, radiate, standing right on pile of ashes.
exergo: -/-//ASIS Symbol"5", diameter: 18-20mm, weight: 2,73g, axis: 0h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-50 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-241-p-366,
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 247, -/Symbol"3"//ΓSIS, AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix,146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 247, -/Symbol"3"//ΓSIS, AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix,
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Cn8, D3, Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPARATIO, Phoenix, radiate, standing right on pile of ashes.
exergo: -/Symbol"3"//ΓSIS, diameter: 18,5mm, weight: 2,25g, axis: 1h,
mint: Siscia, date: 348-50 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-247-p-366,
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 248(err.in RIC), symbol"1"/-//ASIS, AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, 146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 248(err.in RIC), symbol"1"/-//ASIS, AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley,
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Draped , pearl diademed, bust right,
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPAR-ATIO, Emperor military dress stage left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship. Symbol "1" in the left field.
exe: symbol"1"/-//ASIS, diameter:17-18,5mm, weight: 1,71g, axis: 0h,
mint: Siscia, date: A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-248 (err. in RIC right field instead of left field), p-366,
Q-001quadrans

146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 248(err.in RIC), symbol"4"/-//ASIS, AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, 146 Constans (333-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-350 A.D. Augustus), Siscia, RIC VIII 248(err.in RIC), symbol"4"/-//ASIS, AE-3 Follis, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley,
avers:- DN-CONSTA-NS-PF-AVG, Draped , pearl diademed, bust right,
revers:- FEL-TEMP-REPAR-ATIO, Emperor military dress stage left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship. Symbol "4" in the left field.
exe: symbol"4"/-//ASIS, diameter:17,5-18,5mm, weight: 2,68g, axis: 0h,
mint: Siscia, date: A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-248 (err. in RIC right field instead of left field), p-366,
Q-001quadrans

147 Constantius II. (324-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-361 A.D. Augustus), Constantinopolis, RIC VIII 093, AE-3 Follis, -/-//CONSA*, FELTEMP REPARATIO, Phonix, Scarce!147 Constantius II. (324-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-361 A.D. Augustus), Constantinopolis, RIC VIII 093, AE-3 Follis, -/-//CONSA*, FELTEMP REPARATIO, Phonix, Scarce!
avers:- D N CONSTAN TIVS P F AVG, Cs1, D3, Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
rever:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Radiate phoenix standing right on globe.
exergo: -/-//CONSA*, diameter: 18mm, weight: 1,78g, axis: 11h,
mint: Constantinopolis, date: 348-51 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-93, p-454, Scarce!
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

147 Constantius II. (324-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-361 A.D. Augustus), Thessalonica, RIC VIII 133, AE-2 Follis, A/-//-, B/*//•TSЄ•, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, #2147 Constantius II. (324-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-361 A.D. Augustus), Thessalonica, RIC VIII 133, AE-2 Follis, A/-//-, B/*//•TSЄ•, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, #2
avers:- D N CONSTAN TIVS P F AVG, (Cs1,D3,) Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right, "A" behind the bust.
rever:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on the banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship.
exergue: A/-//-, B/*//•TSЄ•, diameter: 21,6-23mm, weight: 5,12g, axis: 5h,
mint: Thessalonica, date: 354-355 A.D.,
ref: RIC VIII 133, p-414,
Q-002quadrans

147 Constantius II. (324-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-361 A.D. Augustus), Thessalonica, RIC VIII 133, AE-2 Follis, A/-//-, B/*//•TSA•, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, #1147 Constantius II. (324-337 A.D. Caesar, 337-361 A.D. Augustus), Thessalonica, RIC VIII 133, AE-2 Follis, A/-//-, B/*//•TSA•, FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Galley, #1
avers:- D N CONSTAN TIVS P F AVG, (Cs1,D3,) Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right, "A" behind the bust.
rever:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and standard with Chi-Rho on the banner, in the stern sits Victory, steering the ship.
exergo: A/-//-, B/*//•TSA•, diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Thessalonica, date: 354-355 A.D., ref: RIC-VIII-133, p-414,
Q-001quadrans

15 Faustina I RIC 1105Faustina I 138-140 AD. AE Sestertius. Rome Mint. Posthumous commemorative of 141-161 AD. (24.18g, 32.58mm) Obv: DIVA FAVSTINA, Draped bust right. Rev: AETERNITAS S-C, Aeternitas standing left holding phoenix on globe and holding up skirt.
RIC 1105

Ex: Incitatus Coins, VcoinsPaddy

169 - Constans - AE2 - Barbarous imitation of RIC VIII Trier 215AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl iademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left, in a galley; Phoenix on a globe in right hand and holding labarum in left hand; Victory at the tiller of the galley right.
Minted in Trier; (//TRS), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– Barbarous imitation. cf RIC VIII Trier 215maridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - Barbarous imitiation of RIC VIII Aquileia 099AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTANS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Barbarous imitation of a coin minted in Aquileia; (//AQP dot), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– cf. RIC VIII Aquileia 99 (C) 1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - Barbarous imitiation of RIC VIII Lugdunum 104 or similarObv:– D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Rosette diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley; A in left field
Imitates a coin minted in Lugdunum (//PLG)
Reference:– Imitates RIC VIII Lugdunum 104 but with Phoenix on globe in place of Victory on globe

Weight 4.73g. Maximum diameter 22.09 mm. Die orientation 180 degreesmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Alexandria 045AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Alexandria; (//ALEA), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Alexandria 45 (R)

5.08 gms, 23.19 mm. 180 degrees1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Alexandria 053AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Alexandria; (_ | * //ALED), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Alexandria 53 (R)

6.02 gms. 23.55 mm. 180 degrees 1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Alexandria 053AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Alexandria; (_ | * //ALEB), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Alexandria 53 (R)

5.15 gms, 22.83 mm. 0 degrees2 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Antioch 124 corr var AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship. Prow decorated with trident
Minted in Antioch; (_ | * //ANH), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Antioch 124 corr (* in right field not left as indicated in RIC) var (Unlisted officina, others Rated S)

5.19g, 23.48mm, 180o2 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Aquileia 099AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTANS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Aquileia; (//AQP dot), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Aquileia 99 (C)3 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Arles 100AE2
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix on globe and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Arles; (//SARL), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Arles 100 (C)3 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Constantinople 083 var - CAST FAKEAE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Rosette and laureate diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Constantinople; (_ | S // CONSIA*)
Reference:– RIC VIII Constantinople 83 var (Unlisted officina - All other officina are R)

Cast Fake1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Cyzicus 068 corr AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Cyzicus; (_ | * // SMKS)
Reference:– RIC VIII Cyzicus 68 corr (R)

4.84 gms.23.93 mm. 0 degrees.

1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 109AE2
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Rome; (//RE)
Reference:– RIC VIII Rome 109 maridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 114 var AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Laureate and rosette-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Rome; (/A | _ / RS)
Reference:– RIC VIII Rome 114 var (Unlisted officina, listed for RQ, which is R)

5.60 gms. 24.11 mm. 180 degrees.1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 117 AE2
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Rome; (B | _ //RE), A.D. 348 - A.D. 350
Reference:– RIC VIII Rome 117 (R) 2 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 122AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Rosette and laureate diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Rome; (G | _ // RS)
Reference:– RIC VIII Rome 122 (R)

Weight 4.21g. 24.54mm. 0 degrees1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 152 AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Laurel and rosette diadem, draped, cuirassed; A behind
Rev:– FEL TEMP RE-PARATIO, Emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Rome (A | _ //RQ).
Reference:- RIC VIII Rome 152 (S)

Ex Collection Freimut Hüther (1935-2016), Germany, collected since the 1940’s1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE2 - RIC VIII Trier 215AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl iademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left, in a galley; Phoenix on a globe in right hand and holding labarum in left hand; Victory at the tiller of the galley right.
Minted in Trier; (//TRP), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Trier 215 (R)maridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Lyons 90 AE3
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Rosette-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL . TEMP . REPARATIO, Radiate Phoenix standing right on mound of stones.
Minted in Lugdunum; (/PLG), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Lyons 90 (R)maridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Siscia 199 var AE3
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Siscia; (//ASIS Sym4),
Reference:– RIC VIII Siscia 199 var (unlisted from this Officina in RIC)2 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Siscia 241AE3
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Rosette-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Radiate Phoenix standing right on mound of stones.
Minted in Siscia; (/Gamma SIS Symbol 3), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Siscia 241maridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Siscia 247 Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Nimbate Phoenix standing right on ile of rocks
Minted in Siscia; (_ | Sym2 //BSIS), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Siscia 247 (C)

0 degrees. 2.59 gms. 19.28 mm

I suspect that the silvering is not ancient.1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Siscia 247 AE3
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, Nimbate Phoenix standing right on ile of rocks
Minted in Siscia; (_ | Sym4 //DSIS?), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Siscia 247

2.08 gms, 19.94 mm. 180 degrees1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Siscia 248 corr. AE3
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix on globe and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Minted in Siscia; (Sym4 | _ //DSIS), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– RIC VIII Siscia 248 corr. (err. in RIC right field instead of left field) (C2)

0 degrees. 2.65 gms. 18.67 mm1 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - AE3 - RIC VIII Trier 234AE3
Obv:- DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right,
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Nimbate Phoenix standing right on globe
Minted in Trier; (//TRS .),
Reference:– RIC VIII Trier 234 (C2)3 commentsmaridvnvm

169 - Constans - RIC VIII Siscia 198 var (AE2) Obv:– DN CONSTANS P F AVG, Diademed bust right, draped and cuirassed
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Constans standing left on galley, holding standard with a Chi-Rho on it and a globe surmounted by a phoenix; Victory is at the helm right
Minted in Siscia. ASIS SYM4 in exe.
Reference:– RIC VIII Siscia 198 var (Not listed with this symbol combination)
Lovely jade green patina. maridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - Barbarous imitation of TrierAE2
Obv:- CONSTANT-IVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left, in a galley; Phoenix on a globe in right hand and holding labarum in left hand; Victory at the tiller of the galley right
Minted in Trier; (//TRS),
Reference:– Barbarous Imitationmaridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - Barbarous imitiation of RIC VIII Lugdunum 75 or 76AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Imitates a coin minted in Lugdunum (//*PLG)
Reference:– Imitates RIC VIII Lugdunum 75 which has *SLG Dot, or RIC VIII Lugdunum 76 which is Rosette diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right

Weight 6.17g. Maximum diameter 23.69 mm. Die orientation 0 degrees maridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - Barbarous imitiation of RIC VIII Lugdunum 78AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Imitates a coin minted in Lugdunum (//PLG*)
Reference:– Imitates RIC VIII Lugdunum 78

Weight 5.07g. Maximum diameter 24.47 mm. Die orientation 0 degrees maridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - RIC VIII Antioch 129 AE2/3
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Phoenix nimbate and radiate, standing right on globe,
Minted in Antioch (_ | * //ANH). A.D. 348 - A.D. 350
Reference:– RIC VIII Antioch 129 (S)1 commentsmaridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - RIC VIII Arles 099AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTA-NTIVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP - REEPARATIO (sic), Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Arles (//PARL).
Reference:- RIC VIII Arles 99

Weight 3.62g. 22.65mm. 0 degrees1 commentsmaridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 107AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Pearl diadem, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Rome (//RE).
Reference:- RIC VIII Rome 107 (C)

23.95 mm. 4.31gms. 180 degrees1 commentsmaridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 124 var AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Laurel and rosette diadem, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Rome (D | _ //RE).
Reference:- RIC VIII Rome 124 var (unlisted officina, 124 is R3)1 commentsmaridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 127 var AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Rome (E | _ //RS). A.D. 348 - 350
Reference:- RIC VIII Rome Unlisted (127 var, not listed with RS, 127 is R2)maridvnvm

170 - Constantius II - AE2 - RIC VIII Rome 128AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Laurel and rosette diadem, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left on galley, holding phoenix on globe and labarum; Victory behind, steering galley
Minted in Rome; (E| _//RE). A.D. 348 - 350
Reference:– RIC VIII Rome 128 (R2)

5.95 gms, 25.24 mm. 180 degrees2 commentsmaridvnvm

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