| Image search results - "palm" |
Julia Domna
Stobi, Macedonia
2 assaria
Obv. Dr bust r, IVLIA - AVGV[STA] round.
Rev. Nike walking l, palm over l shoulder, wreath in raised r hand, wheel at her feet, MVNICI STO - BEN round.
5.57 gm, 23 mm
Cohen IV 266-267, BMCG 8
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Julia Domna
Stobi, Macedonia
2 assaria
Obv. Dr bust r, IVLIA - AVGVSTA round.
Rev. Nike walking r, palm over l shoulder, wreath in raised r hand, MVNIC - S - TOBEN round
6.05 gm, 23 mm
Cohen IV 269, SNG Cop 332, Josifovski 212, same dies (V63, R68), citing Vienna 9885 [from whitetd49]
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Julia Domna
Stobi, Macedonia
2 Assaria
Obv. Dr bust r, IVLIA · AV-GVSTA round
Rev. Nike walking r, palm over l shoulder, wreath in raised r hand, wheel at her feet, MVNICIP - STOBENSIV round.
5.08 gm, 23 mm
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JULIAN II - AE1 - 361-363 - Mint of Antioch
Obv.: D N FL CL IVLIANVS P F AVG
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev.: SECVRITAS REIPVB
Bull standing right, two stars above; (palm) ANTB (palm).
Maxentius
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Severus Alexander - Sestertius - 225 AD
Obv. IMP CAES M AVR SEV ALEXANDER AVG, laureate draped bust right
Rev.: VICTORIA AVGVSTI S-C, Victory advancing left, holding wreath & palm.
gs. 22,9 mm. 29,2
Cohen 571, RIC 620, Sear RCV 8020Maxentius
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MAXIMIANVS - Potin Tetradrachm - Year 3 - 289/290 AD
Ob.: Α Κ Μ Α ΟΥΑ ΜΑΞΙΜΙΑΝΟC CEB; laureate & draped bust right
Rev.: L Γ; Nike walking right holds wreath and palm
gs. 6,4 mm. 19,9
Milne 4818Maxentius
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DIOCLETIAN - Potin tetradrachm - Year 3 - 286/287
Ob.: A K Γ OYA DIOKLHTIANOC CEB; laureate and draped bust right
Rev.: ETOYC Γ; Nike walking right holds wreath and palm
gs. 7,8 mm 19,6
Milne 4857Maxentius
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Salonina - Billon Tetradrachm - Year 13 (265/266)
Ob.: ΚΟΡΝΗΛΙΑ CAΛΩΝΕΙΝΑ CEB; Draped bust right
Rev.: L IΓ; Eagle left, head right with wreath in beak; palm branch left
Gs. 10,1 mm. 22,2
Milne 4122Maxentius
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Claudius II - Potin Tetradrachm - Year 2 (269/270)
Ob.: AVT K ΚΛΑVΔΙΟC CEB; Draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev. L B; Eagle right, head right; palm branch left
gs. 10,3 mm. 21,1
Milne 4291Maxentius
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Aurelian - Potin tetradrachm - 274/275
Ob.: A K L DOM AVRHLIANOC CEB; laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev.: ETOVC S; Eagle stg. right with wreath in her beak and palm branch
Gs. 8,2 mm. 21
Emmett 3927, Milne 4448Maxentius
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Denarius - 90 b.C. - Mint of Rome
L. CALPVRNIVS PISO FRVGI - Gens Calpurnia
Ob.: laureate head of Apollo right. Behind H. C below the chin.
Rev.: horseman galloping right holding palm. Λ above, L PISO FRVGI below.
gs. 3,9 mm. 18,3
Cr.340/1, Syd.669aMaxentius
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Denarius - 115/114 B.C. - Mint of Rome
M. CIPIVS M. f. - Gens Cipia
Ob.: Helmeted head of Roma right.; before, [M. CIPI. M. F.]; behind, X
Rev.: Victory in biga right with palm-branch, rudder below, ROMA in ex.
Gs. 3,9, mm. 16,9
Craw. 289/1, Sear RCV 166 Maxentius
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MARCVS AVRELIVS - Dupondius - 171 AD
Obv.: M ANTONINVS AVG TR P XXV, radiate head right;
Rev.: IMP VI COS III S C, Victoria stg. right places a shield inscribed VIC/GER on a palm tree
Gs. 9,15 mm. 24,4
Cohen 268Maxentius
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PLAVTILLA - Denarius - 204 AD
Obv.:PLAVTILLA AVGVSTA, draped bust right
Rev.: VENVS VICTRIX, Venus standing left holding apple & palm, leaning on shield, Cupid at her feet.
Gs. 3,8 mm. 19,3x20
Cohen 25, RIC 369 Maxentius
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CLAVDIVS II Gothicus - AE Antoninianus - Mediolanum mint, 268-270 AD
Obv.: IMP CLAVDIVS P F AVG, radiate draped bust right
Rev.:VICTORIA AVG, Victory running right holding wreath & palm, S in ex.
Gs. 2,9 mm. 21,2
Cohen 302, RIC 171Maxentius
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TRAJAN - Denarius - 107 AD.
Obv.: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P, laureate bust right
Rev.:COS V P P SPQR OPTIMO PRINC, Victory, standing left holding wreath and palm.
Gs. 3,4 mm. 18,5
Cohen 74, RIC 128 Maxentius
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Denarius - 89 BC. - Mint of Rome
M. PORCIVS CATO - Gens Porcia
Obv.: Female bust right (Roma?). ROMA (MA in monogram) behind. M. CATO below
Rev.:Victoria seated right, holding palm and patera. In ex. VICTRIX (TR in monogram)
Gs. 3,8 mm. 17,7
Crawf. 343/1, Sear RCV 247, Grueber II 657
Maxentius
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Denarius - 89 BC - Mint of Rome
L. TITVRIVS SABINVS - Gens Tituria
Obv.: Head of Titus Tatius right; SABIN behind, palm before
Rev.: Two Roman soldiers, each carrying a woman; L. TITVRI in exergue.
Gs. 4 mm. 17x18,9
Cr344/1b, Sear RCV 249, Grueber 2325.
Maxentius
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ELAGABALVS - Denarius - 218 AD.
Obv.: IMP CAES M AVR ANTONINVS AVG, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev.: VICTOR ANTONINI AVG, Victory running right, holding wreath and palm over left shoulder.
Gs. 3,1 mm. 19,6
Cohen 289, RIC 156
Maxentius
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Seleukid Kings of Syria, Demetrios III Eukairos, 97-87 BC.
Radiate, diademed and bearded head of Demetrios III, r / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΥ ΘΕΟΥ
/ ΦΙΛΟΠΑΤΟΡΟΣ ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ, Nike advancing right, holding wreath and palm,
date below, Damaskos mint, HGC 9, 1309. Coin #627
cars100
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Constantinople RIC 21a
Valentinian I AE3. DN VALENTINIANVS P F AVG,
pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
/ SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, Victory advancing
left holding wreath & palm branch. CONSPD in ex.
Coin #151
cars100
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A K Λ ΔOM AΥΡHΛIANOC CEB, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
ETOVC-S (year 6), eagle standing right, wreath in beak, palm behind.tjaart
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Judaea, Procurators. Antonius Felix. 52-59 CE. in the name of Britannicus Caesar (BPIT).
Æ Prutah (16mm, 2.64 gm.). Jerusalem mint. Dated RY 14 of Claudius (54 CE). Two crossed shields / Palm tree.
Ref : Hendin 1348
Meshorer TJC 340
RPC I 4971
GIC 5626R. Smits
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JULIA DOMNA
AR Denarius
17.8 mm, 3.1 grams
OBV: IVLIA AVGVSTA, draped bust right.
REV: HILARITAS, Hilaritas standing left with palm & cornucopiae, children to either side of her.
RIC-IVa – 557
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GORDIAN III
Sestertius 243-244 AD.
30 mm,18.7 grams
OBV: IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust right.
REV: VICTORIA AETER, Victory standing left, resting shield upon a captive at foot left & holding palm.
RIC-IVc-337a
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M. Cipius M.f. 115-114 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 3.98 g, 4h). Rome mint. Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) to left / Victory driving galloping biga right, holding reins and palm frond; rudder below. Crawford 289/1; Sydenham 546; Cipia 1; Type as RBW 1118.ecoli
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Parthian Kingdom. Vologases IV . A.D. 147-191. Æ 18 Dichalkon (17.89 mm, 3.53 g, 12 h). struck A.D. 154. Bust of Volgases IV facing with long, tapered beard, end cut square; wearing tiara with hooks on crest, horn on side and long, curved earflaps; to right, Seleucid date (= SE 466 = A.D. 154) / Nike seated left on column; palm in left field. Sellwood ICP 84.142; Shore --. VF, tan patina with greenish encrustation in recesses, edge split. Quant.Geek
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GAUL, Nemausus. Augustus, with Agrippa. 27 BC-AD 14. Æ Dupondius (26mm, 13.19 g,). Struck AD 10-14. Heads of Agrippa, wearing combined rostral crown and laurel wreath, and Augustus, laureate, back to back / Crocodile right, chained to palm frond with wreath at top; two palm fronds at base. RPC I 525; RIC I 159; SNG Copenhagen 700-1.Britanikus
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Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D.
Copper as, RIC II-1 336, BMCRE II 616, BnF III 595, Cohen I 632, Hunter I 119, SRCV I -, Choice VF, superb portrait, well centered on a tight flan, green patina with bare metal high points, scattered porosity, Rome mint, weight 11.694g, maximum diameter 26.9mm, die axis 180o, 71 A.D.; obverse IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG COS III, laureate head right; reverse VICTORIA NAVALIS (the naval victory), Victory standing right on a galley prow, wreath in extended right hand, palm frond over left shoulder in left hand, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking low across field; from an Israeli collection, Ex Forum paul1888
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Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D.
SH110254. Silver denarius, RIC II-1 1431; RSC II 276; RPC II 833; BnF III 351; BMCRE II 457, SRCV I 2270, Choice EF, well centered, excellent portrait, light toning, slight double strike, 3.326g, 18.3mm, 180o, Ephesus mint, IMP CAESAR VESPAS AVG COS III TR P P P, laureate head right; reverse PACI AVGVSTAE, Victory advancing right, wreath in extended right hand, palm frond over left shoulder in left hand, EPHE (PHE ligate) lower right; ex Inasta (San Marino) auction 100 (24 Jun 2022), lot 212 Ex: Forum Ancient Coins.
Ephesus peaked during the 1st and 2nd century A.D. when it was second in importance and size only to Rome, with a population estimated at 400,000 to 500,000 in 100 A.D. The city was famous for the Temple of Artemis, the Library of Celsus, and its theater, seating 25,000 spectators. Ephesus also had several large bath complexes and one of the most advanced aqueduct systems in the ancient world. Water powered numerous mills, one of which has been identified as a sawmill for marble. The city and temple were destroyed by the Goths in 263 A.D., marking the decline of the city's splendor.paul1888
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INDO-PARTHIANS, Gondopharid Dynasty. Orthagnes (Gondophares-Gadana), circa 1 BC-AD 20/30. Tetradrachm (Bronze, 22 mm, 8.38 g, 12 h), uncertain mint in Arachosia. BACΙΛЄYC BACΙΛЄⲰN MЄΓAC OPΘAΓNOY Diademed and draped bust of Orthagnes to left. Rev. 'MAHARAJASA RAJATIRAJASA MAHATASA GUDAPHARASA GADANASA' (in Kharoshthi) Nike standing right, holding wreath in her right hand and palm frond over her left shoulder. Senior 257.13T. About very fine. Quant.Geek
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Philip I AE As.
IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right / VICTORIA AVG S C, Victory walking left, holding wreath and palm.
13.9 gr., 29 mm.
RIC 192bAntonivs Protti
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SALONINA (Wife of Gallienus). Billon Tetradrachm struck AD 267 - 268 at AlexandriaObverse: KOPNHΛIA CAΛWNEINA CEB. Diademed and draped bust of Salonina facing right.
Reverse: No legend. Eagle standing facing right, holding wreath in beak, palm above left; in right field, LIE (= regnal year 15 of Gallienus = A.D.267-268).
Diameter: 21mm | Weight: 9.83gms | Die Axis: 12
Dattari : 5346 | Milne : 4189 | Curtis : 1642 | Geissen : 2983 | BMC : 2280
EX FORVM*Alex
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1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribes: Catuvellauni and Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 - 40 at Verlamion under CunobelinusObverse: CVNO - BELIN. Bare head facing left.
Reverse: TASCIO. Metal worker, wielding hammer, seated facing right.
Diameter: 15mm | Weight: 2.24gms | Axis: 3h
Spink: 342 | ABC: 2969 | Van Arsdell 2097
CUNOBELINUS
Cunobelinus was a king in Iron Age Britain from about 9 CE until about 40 CE. He is mentioned by the Roman historians Suetonius and Dio Cassius, and many coins bearing his inscription have been found. Cunobelinus controlled a substantial portion of south-eastern Britain, including the territories of the Catuvellauni and the Trinovantes, and is called “Britannorum rex" (King of the Britons) by Suetonius. He appears to have been recognized by the Roman emperor Augustus as a client king, shown by the use of the Latin title Rex on some of his coins.
Numismatic evidence appears to indicate that Cunobelinus took power around AD 9 after the death of his father Tasciovanus, minting coins from both Camulodunum, capital of the Trinovantes and Verlamion (Roman Verulamium), capital of the Catuvellauni. Some of the Verulamium coins name him as the son of Tasciovanus, a previous king of the Catuvellauni. Cunobelinus' earliest issues are, however, from Camulodunum, indicating that he took power there first, and some have a palm or laurel wreath design, a motif borrowed from the Romans indicating a military victory. It is possible that he was emboldened to act against the Trinovantes, whose independence was protected by a treaty they made with Julius Caesar in 54 BC, because problems in Germania severely affected Augustus' ability to defend allies in Britain.
Cunobelinus, however, appears to have maintained quite good relations with the Roman Empire, he used classical motifs on his coins and his reign also saw an increase in trade with the continent. Archaeological evidence shows an increase in imported luxury goods, including wine and drinking vessels from Italy, olive oil and “garum” (fish sauce) from Spain, as well as glassware, jewellery, and tableware from the wider continent, all of which, from their distribution, appear to have entered Britain via the port of Camulodunum. Rome's lucrative trade with Britain was also reported by Strabo, according to him the island's exports included grain, gold, silver, iron, hides, slaves and hunting dogs. It seems likely that Cunobelinus was one of the British kings, mentioned by Strabo, who sent embassies to Augustus.
Cunobelinus died about 40, probably within a year of that date, as he was certainly dead by 43.
Traditionally it has been suggested that the “Lexden Tumulus” on the outskirts of Colchester was Cunobelinus' tomb, but without evidence confirming that, it is also possible that the tomb was built for the earlier Trinovantian king, Addedomarus. Interestingly there is a second tumulus, though this one is not so well known, 665m to the northwest of the Lexden burial mound, on a grassy area in the middle of a modern housing estate. This tumulus, known as ‘The Mount’, probably dates from around the same time as the well-known one at Fitzwalter Road, Lexden.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
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Valentinian I, RIC IX 15 Siscia VALENTINIAN I, AE3 CE. 364-375
Obverse: D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG, pearl diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Reverse: SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, Victory advancing lert, holding wreath and palm, star over A in left field.
Mintmark DASIS, RIC IX Siscia 15, 17.4 mm, 2.4 g.
NORMAN K
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15Carausius 287-93AD
Antoninianus
Obv “IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG”
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev “COMES AVG”
Victory standing left with wreath and palm
London mint
-/-//ML
RIC 15
mauseus
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15Carausius 287-93AD
Antoninianus
Obv “IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG”
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev “COMES AVG”
Victory standing left with wreath and palm
London mint
-/-//ML
RIC 15
mauseus
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15cfCarausius 287-93AD
Antoninianus
Obv “IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG”
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev “COMES AVG”
Victory standing left with wreath and palm
London mint
F/O//ML
RIC - (cf 15)mauseus
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2 Augustus and AgrippaAUGUSTUS & AGRIPPA
AE As of Gaul, Nemausus, struck. ca. 10 BC - 10 AD
IMP DIVI F, back-to-back heads of Agrippa, in rostral crown, & Augustus, in oak wreath / COL NEM, crocodile chained to palm behind, wreath to left.
Sear 1730, Cohen 10, RPC 523/4
RI0006Sosius
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2 Augustus and Agrippa AE As of NemaususAUGUSTUS & AGRIPPA
AE As of Gaul, Nemausus, struck. ca. 10 BC - 10 AD
IMP DIVI F, back-to-back heads of Agrippa, in rostral crown, & Augustus, in oak wreath / COL NEM, crocodile chained to palm behind, wreath to left.
Sear 1730, Cohen 10, RPC 523/4. gF
RI0005Sosius
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2 Augustus, PhilippiAUGUSTUS
Macedon, Philippi
AE 19mm (Semis)
VIC AVG, Nike standing left on globe, holding wreath and palm / COHOR PRAE PHIL, three military standards.
SNG ANS 677; SNG Copenhagen 305, BMC 23, SGI 32, RPC 1651 VF
RI0069Sosius
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9 Vitellius Denarius, 69 ADVITELLIUS
AR Denarius, 69 AD.
[A VITELLIVS] GERM IMP AVG TR P, Bust right / Anepigraphic. Victory seated left, holding patera and palm
RIC 110, BMCRE 043. aVF
RI0070Sosius
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Julian II, AE3 Constantinople RIC 167, 361-363 CE Obverse: DN FL CL IVLIANVS P F AVG, helmeted and cuirassed bust right, holding spear forward and shield.
Reverse: VOT X MVLT XX in four lines across field within wreath.
Dot CONSPB (palm) in ex. RIC VIII 167. 18.5 mm, 3.4 g.NORMAN K
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Valens, RIC IX 12b AquileiaValens, AE3, 367-375 CE.
Obverse: D N VALENS P F AVG, pearl diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Reverse: SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, Victory advancing lert, holding wreath and palm.
Mintmark SMAQP Aquileia, 17.5 mm, 2.4 g.
NORMAN K
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064 - Septimius Severus denarius - RIC - error - obvDenarius
Obv:– IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS I - I, Laureate head right
Rev:– FELICITAS TEMPOR, grain ear between crossed cornucopiae / VICTOR SEVER AVG, Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left.
Minted in Rome. A.D. 194-195
Reference:– BMCRE 347 note/ BMCRE 399. RIC 347A/RIC 428. RSC 141b/RSC 749
The reverse of this coin has been struck with two diffrerent reverse dies during the strking process. The coin was originally struck, not removed and then struck again with a different reverse die. maridvnvm
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10 Vespasian AE As, 71 ADVESPASIAN
AE As. 71 AD.
O: IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG COS III, laureate head right
R: AEQVITAS AVGVSTI S-C, Aequitas standing left with scales & palm.
Cohen 19, RIC 290
Very Rare reverse with Aequitas holding palm, VF/aVF
RI0068Sosius
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10 Vespasian AE As, 74 ADVESPASIAN
AE As. 74 AD.
O: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG COS V CENS, laureate head right
R: VICTORIA AVGVST S-C, Victory standing right on prow of galley, holding wreath and palm.
Cohen 638, RIC 732
Sadly, this coin suffered from bronze disease, and the patina was lost when the coin was treated.
RI0060Sosius
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10 Vespasian and TitusVespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D., Antioch, Syria
Silver tetradrachm, Prieur 113, McAlee 336, RPC II 1947, Wruck 86, aVF, Antioch mint, weight 13.89g, maximum diameter 24.3mm, die axis 0o, 70 - 71 A.D.; obverse ΑΥΤΟΚΡΑΤ ΚΑΙΣΑ ΟΥΕΣΠΑΣΙΑΝΟΥ, laureate bust right; reverse ETOYC Γ IEPOY (Holy Year 3), eagle standing left on club, wings spread, palm frond left; ex CNG auction 149, lot 286; ex Garth R. Drewry Collection, ex Harmer Rooke (26-28 March 1973), lot 488 (part of).
Struck to pay Titus' legions during and after the First Jewish Revolt. RPC notes c. 320 different dies indicate 6,500,000 Syrian tetradrachms might have been minted. This was the quantity Titus would have needed to pay his four legions. Hoard evidence finds many of these types in Judaea confirming they were used to pay the legions.
Purchased from FORVM!
RI0002
Sosius
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10 Vespasian AR of CaesareaVESPASIAN
AR hemidrachm, Caesarea mint (1.7g), c. 69 - 79 A.D.
O: AYOKP KAICAP OVECΠACIANOC CEBA, laureate head right
R: Nike advancing right holding wreath and palm
RPC II 1659, BMC p. 47, 17, VF
RI0063Sosius
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14 Trajan AE AsTRAJAN
AE As. 98-99 AD.
IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG GERM P M, laureate head right / T R POT COS II P P S-C, Victory walking left, holding palm-branch & shield inscribed SPQR.
Cohen 617, RIC 402
RI0124Sosius
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15 Hadrian DupondiusHADRIAN
AE Dupondius
HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS P P, radiate head right / HILARITAS PR S-C, COS III in ex, Hilaritas standing left holding long palm and cornucopia, small boy and girl to sides.
Cohen 820, RIC 974, Sear 3664
RI0091Sosius
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195 - 211, SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Septimius Severus facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory standing right, holding palm branch in her right hand and placing uninscribed shield on palm tree with her left.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 2.83gms | Die Axis: 7h
RIC IV: 336 | RSC: 730 | SRCV: 6384 | SPINK: 651A
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the success of the Roman campaigns in Scotland during 209 and 210 culminating in the death of Severus at York, England, in February 211.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
Lucius Septimius Severus was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna in the Roman province of Africa.
Severus seized power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 (the Year of the Five Emperors).
After consolidating his rule over the western provinces, Severus waged a brief, successful war in the east against the Parthian Empire, sacked their capital Ctesiphon, expanded the eastern frontier to the Tigris and enlarged and fortified the Limes Arabicus in Arabia Petraea. In 202, he campaigned in Africa and Mauretania against the Garamantes, captured their capital Garama and expanded the Limes Tripolitanus along the southern desert frontier of the empire. In 198 he raised his elder son Caracalla to Augustus and in 209 did the same to his younger son, Geta.
In AD 209 Severus invaded Caledonia (modern Scotland) with an army of 50,000 men, but he fell fatally ill of an infectious disease in late 210 and died at Eboracum (York, England) early in 211.
SEVERUS' CAMPAIGNS IN BRITAIN
In 208 Septimius Severus travelled to Britain with the intention of conquering Caledonia (Scotland). Modern archaeological discoveries have helped to throw some light on the scope and direction of this northern campaign.
Severus began by occupying the territory up to the Antonine Wall, this is evidenced by extensive Severan era fortifications and the likely reoccupation of some of the forts on that wall. Over the previous years Hadrian's Wall had fallen into disrepair and Severus strengthened and repaired much of it, he did this to such an extent that many early Antiquarians thought that he was the emperor who had actually built it. Severus constructed a 165-acre (67 ha) camp south of the Antonine Wall at Trimontium, probably assembling the main body of his forces there. Severus then thrust north across the Antonine Wall into Caledonian territory, supported and supplied by a strong naval force. He retraced the steps of Agricola of over a century before, rebuilding many abandoned Roman forts along the east coast, and he re-garrisoned the naval base at Carpow, likely built by Commodus in 185, and possibly the place named as "Horrea Classis" or "Poreo Classis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.
By 210 Severus' campaigning had made significant gains, despite Caledonian guerrilla tactics and purportedly heavy Roman casualties.
According to Cassius Dio: “Severus did not desist until he approached the extremity of the island. Here he observed most accurately the variation of the sun's motion and the length of the days and the nights in summer and winter respectively. Having thus been conveyed through practically the whole of the hostile country (for he actually was conveyed in a covered litter most of the way, on account of his infirmity), he returned to the friendly portion, after he had forced the Britons to come to terms, on the condition that they should abandon a large part of their territory.”
The Caledonians had sued for peace, which Severus had granted on the condition that they relinquished control of the Central Lowlands of Scotland, but later that year (210), they, along with the Maeatae, revolted. Severus prepared for another campaign, now intent on exterminating the Caledonians. However the campaign was cut short when Severus fell ill and withdrew south to Eboracum (York) where he died on 4 February 211. Severus was succeeded by his sons, Caracalla and Geta. Caracalla continued campaigning in Caledonia during 212 but soon settled for peace, and shortly after that the frontier was withdrawn south to Hadrian's Wall.
On his death, Severus was deified by the Senate and his remains were buried in the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.
CLICK ON IMAGES BELOW TO ENLARGE THEM
 
*Alex
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195 - 211, SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Septimius Severus facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory seated on shield facing left, holding another shield resting on her knee in her right hand and palm branch in her left.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 2.35gms | Die Axis: 12h
RIC IV: 335 | RSC: 731 | SRCV: 6385 | SPINK: 651C
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the success of the Roman campaigns in Scotland during 209 and 210 culminating in the death of Severus at York, England, in February 211.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
Lucius Septimius Severus was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna in the Roman province of Africa.
Severus seized power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 (the Year of the Five Emperors).
After consolidating his rule over the western provinces, Severus waged a brief, successful war in the east against the Parthian Empire, sacked their capital Ctesiphon, expanded the eastern frontier to the Tigris and enlarged and fortified the Limes Arabicus in Arabia Petraea. In 202, he campaigned in Africa and Mauretania against the Garamantes, captured their capital Garama and expanded the Limes Tripolitanus along the southern desert frontier of the empire. In 198 he raised his elder son Caracalla to Augustus and in 209 did the same to his younger son, Geta.
In AD 209 Severus invaded Caledonia (modern Scotland) with an army of 50,000 men, but he fell fatally ill of an infectious disease in late 210 and died at Eboracum (York, England) early in 211.
SEVERUS' CAMPAIGNS IN BRITAIN
In 208 Septimius Severus travelled to Britain with the intention of conquering Caledonia (Scotland). Modern archaeological discoveries have helped to throw some light on the scope and direction of this northern campaign.
Severus began by occupying the territory up to the Antonine Wall, this is evidenced by extensive Severan era fortifications and the likely reoccupation of some of the forts on that wall. Over the previous years Hadrian's Wall had fallen into disrepair and Severus strengthened and repaired much of it, he did this to such an extent that many early Antiquarians thought that he was the emperor who had actually built it. Severus constructed a 165-acre (67 ha) camp south of the Antonine Wall at Trimontium, probably assembling the main body of his forces there. Severus then thrust north across the Antonine Wall into Caledonian territory, supported and supplied by a strong naval force. He retraced the steps of Agricola of over a century before, rebuilding many abandoned Roman forts along the east coast, and he re-garrisoned the naval base at Carpow, likely built by Commodus in 185, and possibly the place named as "Horrea Classis" or "Poreo Classis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.
By 210 Severus' campaigning had made significant gains, despite Caledonian guerrilla tactics and purportedly heavy Roman casualties.
According to Cassius Dio: “Severus did not desist until he approached the extremity of the island. Here he observed most accurately the variation of the sun's motion and the length of the days and the nights in summer and winter respectively. Having thus been conveyed through practically the whole of the hostile country (for he actually was conveyed in a covered litter most of the way, on account of his infirmity), he returned to the friendly portion, after he had forced the Britons to come to terms, on the condition that they should abandon a large part of their territory.”
The Caledonians had sued for peace, which Severus had granted on the condition that they relinquished control of the Central Lowlands of Scotland, but later that year (210), they, along with the Maeatae, revolted. Severus prepared for another campaign, now intent on exterminating the Caledonians. However the campaign was cut short when Severus fell ill and withdrew south to Eboracum (York) where he died on 4 February 211. Severus was succeeded by his sons, Caracalla and Geta. Caracalla continued campaigning in Caledonia during 212 but soon settled for peace, and shortly after that the frontier was withdrawn south to Hadrian's Wall.
On his death, Severus was deified by the Senate and his remains were buried in the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.
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*Alex
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195 - 211, SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Septimius Severus facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory advancing right, holding wreath in her outstretched right hand and palm branch in her left.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 3.5gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC IV: 332 | RSC: 727 | SRCV: 6382 | SPINK: 650
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the success of the Roman campaigns in Scotland during 209 and 210 culminating in the death of Severus at York, England, in February 211.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
Lucius Septimius Severus was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna in the Roman province of Africa.
Severus seized power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 (the Year of the Five Emperors).
After consolidating his rule over the western provinces, Severus waged a brief, successful war in the east against the Parthian Empire, sacked their capital Ctesiphon, expanded the eastern frontier to the Tigris and enlarged and fortified the Limes Arabicus in Arabia Petraea. In 202, he campaigned in Africa and Mauretania against the Garamantes, captured their capital Garama and expanded the Limes Tripolitanus along the southern desert frontier of the empire. In 198 he raised his elder son Caracalla to Augustus and in 209 did the same to his younger son, Geta.
In AD 209 Severus invaded Caledonia (modern Scotland) with an army of 50,000 men, but he fell fatally ill of an infectious disease in late 210 and died at Eboracum (York, England) early in 211.
SEVERUS' CAMPAIGNS IN BRITAIN
In 208 Septimius Severus travelled to Britain with the intention of conquering Caledonia (Scotland). Modern archaeological discoveries have helped to throw some light on the scope and direction of this northern campaign.
Severus began by occupying the territory up to the Antonine Wall, this is evidenced by extensive Severan era fortifications and the likely reoccupation of some of the forts on that wall. Over the previous years Hadrian's Wall had fallen into disrepair and Severus strengthened and repaired much of it, he did this to such an extent that many early Antiquarians thought that he was the emperor who had actually built it. Severus constructed a 165-acre (67 ha) camp south of the Antonine Wall at Trimontium, probably assembling the main body of his forces there. Severus then thrust north across the Antonine Wall into Caledonian territory, supported and supplied by a strong naval force. He retraced the steps of Agricola of over a century before, rebuilding many abandoned Roman forts along the east coast, and he re-garrisoned the naval base at Carpow, likely built by Commodus in 185, and possibly the place named as "Horrea Classis" or "Poreo Classis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.
By 210 Severus' campaigning had made significant gains, despite Caledonian guerrilla tactics and purportedly heavy Roman casualties.
According to Cassius Dio: “Severus did not desist until he approached the extremity of the island. Here he observed most accurately the variation of the sun's motion and the length of the days and the nights in summer and winter respectively. Having thus been conveyed through practically the whole of the hostile country (for he actually was conveyed in a covered litter most of the way, on account of his infirmity), he returned to the friendly portion, after he had forced the Britons to come to terms, on the condition that they should abandon a large part of their territory.”
The Caledonians had sued for peace, which Severus had granted on the condition that they relinquished control of the Central Lowlands of Scotland, but later that year (210), they, along with the Maeatae, revolted. Severus prepared for another campaign, now intent on exterminating the Caledonians. However the campaign was cut short when Severus fell ill and withdrew south to Eboracum (York) where he died on 4 February 211. Severus was succeeded by his sons, Caracalla and Geta. Caracalla continued campaigning in Caledonia during 212 but soon settled for peace, and shortly after that the frontier was withdrawn south to Hadrian's Wall.
On his death, Severus was deified by the Senate and his remains were buried in the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.
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*Alex
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198 - 217, CARACALLA, AE As, Struck 211 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head of Caracalla facing right, drapery on left shoulder.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRITTANNICAE. Draped figure of Victory standing facing right, left foot on helmet, inscribing shield hung on a palm; S – C across field.
Diameter: 26mm | Weight: 10.9gms | Die Axis: 12h
RIC IV: 522b | Cohen: 636 | Cf.SRCV: 7015 | SPINK: 661
Rough surfaces
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the victories achieved by the Romans in Scotland during the campaigns led jointly by Septimius Severus and his eldest son Caracalla in 209, and by Caracalla alone the following year during his father's illness.
CLICK ON IMAGE BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
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2 Philip IPhilip I
AR Antoninianus.
IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right / VICTORIA AVGG, Victory standing left, holding a wreath and a palm.
RSC 235, RIC 51Sosius
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2 Philip IPhilip I
AR Antoninianus. 3.84g
IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right / VICTORIA AVGG, Victory standing left, holding a wreath and a palm.
RSC 235, RIC 51Sosius
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2 Philip IPHILIP I
AR Antoninianus
O: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right
R: VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing right with palm & wreath
Sear 8969, RIC 49b, RSC 227
Ex. Littleton Coin Co.
Sosius
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2 Philip IPhilip I
AR Antoninianus
IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right / VICTORIA AVGG, Victory standing left, holding a wreath and a palm.
RSC 235, RIC 51Sosius
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2 Trajan DenariusTRAJAN
AR Denarius. Struck 101-102 AD.
O: Laureate head right, slight drapery on left shoulder
R: Victory walking right, holding wreath & palm.
RSC 244a, RIC 61v
RI0118Sosius
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209 - 212, GETA, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: P SEPT GETA PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Geta facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory, half naked, standing facing left, holding wreath in her right hand and palm in her left.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 2.79gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC IV: 92 | RSC: 219 | SRCV: 7254 | BMC: 68 | Spink: 662
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the Roman victories achieved in Scotland in 209 and 210 by Septimius Severus and Caracalla, Geta's father and brother, while Geta and his mother, Julia Domna, remained behind in London.
CLICK ON IMAGE BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
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24.5 Julia DomnaJULIA DOMNA
AR Denarius (3.2g), 196 AD
IVLIA AVGVSTA, Draped bust right / HILARITAS, Hilaritas standing left between two children (Caracalla and Geta) holding palm frond and cornucopia
RIC 557 (Sept Sev); Sear 1840, Cohen 79; aVF/F
Ex. Ancient Roman Coins, Fort Collins, COSosius
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28 BC Colony established at Nemausus by Augustus' armymedium bronze (dupondius or as?) (12.6g, 25mm, 2h) Nemausus mint. Struck 10 BC - 10 AD.
IMP DIVI F Agrippa laureate head left and Augustus laureate head right, back to back
COL NEM crocodile chained to palm tree top bent to right, wreath at top.
RIC (Augustus) 158
Denomination uncertain. COL NEM stands for COLONIA AVGVSTA NEMAVSVS (present Nîmes, France), built by Augustus' army after their conquest and return from Egypt. The crocodile chained to the palm tree symbolizes the defeat of the Cleopatra and Marc Antony at Actium.Charles S
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28 DiadumenianDIADUMENIAN
4 Assaria (27mm), Nikopolis ad Istrum, Marcus Claudius Agrippa, Magistrate
M OPELLI DI-ADOUMENIANO C K, Bust of Diadumenian / UP AGRIPPA NIKOPOLITWN PROC ICTRWN, Nike standing r., holding garland and palm
NIC4.32b; AMNG I. 1800, p. 459 111 VF, encrustationsSosius
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32 Gordian I AfricanusGORDIAN I AFRICANUS
AE Sestertius, Rome Mint
27-29 mm, 17.75 g
March 19 to April 9, 238 A.D.
IMP CAES M ANT GORDIANVS AFR AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind / VICTORIA AVGG, S-C, Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm.
RIC IV, 2, p. 161, 12. Very rare. Good portrait and fully readable name. Very fine.
Ex-Auctiones
Gordian I, an 80-year-old senator, was proclaimed as emperor during a revolt in Africa but commited suicide after his son and co-ruler Gordianus II was defeated by Maximinus' legate. Their rule only lasted for 20 days, hence the rarity of their coins.Sosius
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60Pseudo-Autonomous
Rhodes
AE 35mm (drachm)
c.31BC - 60AD
Obverse: Head of Dionysus right, radiate and with ivy leaf wreath
Reverse: Nike, right, with palm and aphlastron, on prow
Magistrate: Hypsikles
RPC I 2761
As this coin is listed in RPC I there is enough justification, for me at least, to include it in my "Diverse Roman" gallery.mauseus
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70 AD: Vespasian - Defeat of the Jewish revolt and fall of JerusalemSestertius (28.6g, 37mm, 6h). Roman mint. Struck AD 71.
IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG PM TR P P COS III laureate head right
IVDAEA CAPTA / S C [in ex.] Judaea seated, in attidue of sorrow, at the foot of a palm tree; behind Vespasian standing in military dress holding spear and parazonium; left foot on a helmet.
RIC 427 (scarce); BMC 543; Cohen 239Charles S
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805Carausius 287-93AD
AE Antoninianus
Obv: "IMP CARAVSIVS P AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev: "HILARITAS AVG"
Hilaritas standing left holding palm and cornucopia
Unmarked mint
RIC 805
mauseus
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82U EugeniusEUGENIUS
AE4, Trier Mint
DN EVGENI-VS PF AVG, bust right / VICTORI-A AVGGG, Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm branch, TR in exergue
RIC IX Trier 107 or 108. Sear (2014) 20693. Rare: R3Sosius
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90 Avitus?AVITUS?
AE4/5, Rome mint
O: DN AVIT-VS PF AVG, bust right
R: VICTOR-IA AVGG, Victory standing, left, holding wreath and palm branch, RM in ex., S in left field
RIC X 2412 or 2413, R5. Sear (2014) 21581 or 21582 (extremely rare)
Like many late Roman coins, this could be a barbarous issue, but it has many of the features of genuine Avitus coins. Still not enough detail or legends to remove the question mark after Avitus, though!Sosius
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935Carausius 287-93AD
Antoninianus
Obv "IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev "PAX AVG"
Victory standing left holding wreath and palm
Unmarked mint
RIC 935mauseus
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98Trajan 98-117 AD
AR quinarius
Obv "IMP CAES NER TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC"
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev "PM TRP COS VI PP SPQR"
Victory walking right holding wreath and palm branch
Rome mint
RIC 351var, King 42 (4 ex), Strack 231mauseus
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Amisos, Pontos, c. 85 - 65 B.C. Mithradates VI Eupator. Obv. aegis with facing head of Medusa (gorgoneion) in center; Rev. AMI−ΣOY, Nike advancing right, holding palm frond across shoulders behind, A∆T monogram lower left.
19.7mm, 8.4 grams.
References: Sear 3642, BMC 72.Canaan
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Arcadius-Siscia-RIC 39cArcadius, AE4, 383-408 AD, Siscia mint.
Obv: DN ARCADI-VS PF AVG, Diademmed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGGG, Victory advancing left with Wreath and palm.
BSIS in exergue, RIC 39c
13mm, 1.3 gm. Jerome Holderman
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm 146/5 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
34 mm Thompson issue 19
Thompson catalogue:Obs Gaziantep 146?:Rev NEW?
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
below control mark ME
2 magistrates : XAPΙ ΗPA
RF symbol : Cock with Palm
All within a surrounding olive wreathcicerokid
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Augustus & Agrippa AE Dupondius. Nemausus Mint, 10-14 BC. Agrippa & Augusutus Æ Dupondius of Gaul, Nemausus. ca 10-14 AD. IMP DIVI F P-P, back-to-back heads of Agrippa, in rostral crown, & Augustus, laureate/ COL NEM, palm tree curving to left, crocodile right chained below, wreath to left of palm tip with long ties trailing to right.
Ref Augustus & Agrippa AE Dupondius, RIC 159-160, Cohen 8, RPC 525Antonivs Protti
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Aurelian, RIC 368 CyzicusAurelian 270 - 275 AD. Antoninianus.
Obverse: IMP. C. AVRELIANVS AVG., radiate and cuirassed bustright.
Obverse: RESTITVTOR ORBIS, Victory, standing rt., holding a palm,presenting a wreath to Aurelian who stands lt., holding a spear,
II C in ex. Cyzicus Mint, 23.3 mm.,4.1 g
NORMAN K
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Biblical/Judean / AUGUSTUS, Marcus Ambibulus , Hendin-1329Augustus / Marcus Ambibulus, procurator of Judea under Augustus.
Marcus Ambibulus, procurator of Judea under Augustus, 9-12 AD, bronze prutah of 16 mm, 2.14 grams. Struck in the year 9 AD.
Jerusalem mint.
Obverse: Ear of grain, KAICA POC.
Reverse: Palm tree with 2 bunches of dates and date : LMO
Reference: Hendin-1329.
*Jesus was born sometime between 6 B.C. and 4 B.C.
According to St. Matthew, King Herod as the ruler during the time of the Nativity, and Herod died in 4 B.C. , according the dates of the later on struck coins with the new ruler name and dates (see note)
Later, to kill Jesus and eliminate him as a rival king, Herod ordered the "Massacre of the Innocents" - the killing of all male children in Bethlehem aged two years and under. This means that Jesus may have been up to two years old already by that time, and this sets the Nativity between 6 and 4 B.C.
**Surely All coins at that time were struck under the Roman emperor (who happened to be the first Roman emperor in history Augustus (Octavian) Not Julius Caesar as commonly known, Julius was only a dictator and Caesar during the Roman Republic time, never considered Emperor despite the title IMP on some of his coins).
The dates on coins struck during the time of Nativity, before that time, and even later, completely different story depends on the mint home , the ruler year and the kingdom or empire. Using AD (Anno Domini) was much later.
“Swear to me, young women of Jerusalem, by the gazelles or by the does of the field, that you won’t awaken or arouse love before its proper time.” Song of Solomon.
The Sam Mansourati Collection.
Given as a souvenir to a great man, a dear friend and brother Rev. Robert E. Burnock , on 2/25/2020.
Sam
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Claudius II - AlexandriaBI Tetradrachm
29 Aug - 12 Oct 270 AD
laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right from behind
AVT K KΛAV_ΔIOC CEB
eagle standing right, wreath in beak, palm under wing
L_Γ
Dattari 5413; Milne 4291; Geissen 3047; Curtis 1687; BMC Alexandria p. 303, 2336
11,2g 21mm
ex Petr SchimandlJ. B.
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Constans, RIC VIII 79 AquileiaObverse: CONSTAN-S PF AVG, laurel and rosette-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Reverse: VICTORIAE DD AVGGQ NN, Two Victories facing each other with wreaths and palms
Mintmark: dot AQS, 15.5 mm., 1.1 g.
NORMAN K
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Constantius II, RIC VIII 102 Thessalonica, 347-348 CEObverse: CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, Laureate and Rosette-Diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right
Reverse: VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN, two Victories standing facing each other, each holding wreath and palm.Palm branch upright in center.
Exe: SMTS epsilon. 16.6 mm., 1.0 g.
RIC VIII Thessalonica 102, rated scarce. NORMAN K
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Crispus AE follis. 324-325 AD.Sirmium RIC VII 49
Crispus AE follis.. 324-325 AD. FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate head right / ALEMANNIA DEVICTA, Victory advancing right, holding trophy and palm, treading upon bound captive on right. Mintmark dot SIRM dot. Cohen 1. Britanikus
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Demetrios II Nikator, Second reign, 129-125 BC. Silver tetradrachm. Tyre.Obv: Diademed head of king right.
Rev: Eagle standing on prow left, with palm branch, club surmounted by monogram and monogram in inner left field, two monograms in inner right field, monogram between legs.
References: SC 2195.5b. Newell 179. Hoover 1122.
28 mm, 13,23 g.Canaan
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Gallic 3 Marius, May - August or September 269 A.D.Bronze antoninianus, Schulzki AGK 8a, Mairat 238, SRCV III 11123, RIC V 17, aEF, rev a bit weak, 2.822g, 19.5mm, 180o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne) mint, 2nd emission; obverse IMP C M AVR MARIVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICT-O-R-IA AVG, Victory standing left, wreath in right, palm frond in left; nice portrait, nice dark sea-green patina, slightly irregular flan; scarce
Purchased from FORVMSosius
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Gallic 4 VictorinusVICTORINUS
268-270 AD
IMP C VICTORINVS PF AVG, RDC Bust r. / PAX AVG; Pax standing left, holding olive-branch and sceptre, V in left field, star over palm branch in right field
Similar to Cunetio hoard 2957, but star and palm branch inverted on this coinSosius
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Gallienus, RIC 662 Antioch, 253-268 CEGallienus, AE antoninianus, Antioch, sole reign
Obverse: GALLIENVS P F AVG, radiate, cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm
Left field: Star.
No mint-mark
16.8 mm., 2.5 g. RIC V-I 662; Cohen V 1098, rated common
NORMAN K
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Gordian III 238-244 CEGordian III 238-244 CE Silver Antoninianus “Victory" 24mm, 3.7gm. RIC 202
Obverse: IMP CAES M ANT GORDIANVS AVG, Radiate bust of Gordian right.
Reverse: VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing left,holding wreath and palm.
Sold 5-2018
NORMAN K
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Maximianus, Roman Provincial Egypt Maximianus Billion tetradrachm 285-310 CE.
Obverse: MAXIMIANOC CEB, laureate, draped and cuirassed head right.
Reverse: Nike flying left, wreath in right hand, palm over shoulder jn left.
S/L (YEAR 6) left, star right. Alexandria mint.
20.6 mm., 7.5 g., Alexandria 2577NORMAN K
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