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Denarius - 68/67 BC - Mint of Rome
M. PLAETORIVS M.f. CESTIANVS - Gens Plaetoria
Obv.: Bust of Vacuna right, wearing a wreathed and crested helmet, bow and quiver on shoulder, cornucopiae below chin. CESTIANVS left, S C right
Rev.: Eagle standing right on thunderbolt, head left. M PLAETORIVS M.F. AED CVR around.
Gs. 3,9 mm. 18
Craw. 409/1, Sear RCV 349, BMRRC 3596.
For Crawford, the goddess on obverse is Isis
Maxentius
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Antioch RIC VIII 37 Constantine the Great AE3.
DV CONSTANTI-NVS PT AVGG, veiled head right /
No legend, emperor veiled to right in quadriga, the
hand of God reaches down to him, star in top centre.
Mintmark: SMANH. Coin #150
cars100
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An Anonymous Follis Class A 2 coin, type 21
Obverse: Christ facing, holding book of gospels IC to left XC to rightEmmanovha IC XC (God with us)
Reverse: +IhSYS XRISTYS bASILEY bASILE (Jesus Christ, King of Kings)
Sear attributes it to the joint reign of Basil II and Constantine VIII 1020-1028 AD
Grierson in DOC says Romanus III and into Michael IV's
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Celtic, Bastarnae Tribe, Thrace, c. 220 - 160 B.C., Imitative of Macedonian Kingdom Type
The Bastarnae were an important ancient people of uncertain, but probably mixed Germanic-Celtic-Sarmatian, ethnic origin, who lived between the Danube and the Dnieper (Strabo, Geography, VII, 3,17) during the last centuries B.C. and early centuries A.D. The etymology of their name is uncertain, but may mean 'mixed-bloods' (compare 'bastard'), as opposed to their neighbours the East Germanic Scirii, the 'clean-' or 'pure-bloods.'
32899. Bronze AE 16, imitative of SNG Cop 1299 (Macedonian Kingdom, time of Philip V and Perseus, 221 - 168 B.C.), Fair/Fine, 2.168g, 16.3mm, obverse Celtic-style bust of river-god Strymon right; reverse TridentCastvlo
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Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika
1/2 Dollar 1968 (Silber)
Kennedy
Vs.: Kopf nach links
Rs.: Weißkopfseeadler
Erhaltung: vorzüglich
Gewicht: 11,5g. _992Antonivs Protti
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ANT AVG III VIR R P C
Galley right, mast with banners at prow
LEG XV
legionary eagle between two standards
Patrae mint
32-31BC
Patrae mint
3.16g
32-31BC
The XV is there, much easier to see in hand.
Founded by Julius Caesar in 54 BC
Known also as the XV Apollinaris meaning "belonging to the god Apollo"Jay GT4
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Obv: الله اکبر جل جلاله; (Allahu Akbar Jalle Jalalahu; God is Greatest; His Glory is Great)
Rev: Quant.Geek
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Obv: Õ¼Õ¡Õ«Ô²Õ¥Õ¶ (Raiben; Roupen); Cross Pattée with small pellets in four quadrants
Rev: Õ®Õ¡Õ¼Õ¡ Õ¡Õµ (Tsara ay; Servant of God); Cross Pattée with large pellets in four quadrants
Quant.Geek
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SRI LANKA (CEYLON), Native coinages. Kingdom of Ruhuna. Circa 2nd century BC–2nd century AD. Æ 'Lakshmi plaque' (9.5x14.5mm, 1.18 g). Goddess standing facing, holding lotus and two stalks / [Railed swastika]. Ruhuna H.48; cf. MACW 5048ffQuant.Geek
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SRI LANKA (CEYLON), Native coinages. Kingdom of Ruhuna. Circa 2nd century BC–2nd century AD. Æ 'Lakshmi plaque' (11x22mm, 2.84 g, 6h). Goddess standing facing, holding lotus and two stalks / Railed swastika. Ruhuna H.40; cf. MACW 5048ffQuant.Geek
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1602-1799. AV pagoda (11 mm, 3.35 g). Nagapatnam, 1747-1784. Hindu god Vishnu facing / Granulated field. Scholten 1229a; KM 22. Quant.Geek
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Roman Imperial
Family of Constantine I (A.D. 307-363)
Constantine I. A.D. 307/10-337. ’ follis (23 mm, 4.10 g, 6 h). Rome, A.D. 312/3. IMP CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate and cuirassed bust of Constantine I right / SOLI INV-I-CTO COMITI, Sol standing facing, head left, extending arm and holding globe; RT. RIC 336a. VF, dark olive-green patina, clashed reverse die. The portrait of Constantine is engraved such that he has 'eyes to God'. paul1888
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Caracalla, RIC 311d, Date 213-217 AD, Silver Antoninianus Rome, VENVS VICTRIX (with Helmet)
Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus Caracalla
Antoninianus of the Roman Imperial Period 213/217 AD
Material: Silver
Diameter: 23mm
Weight: 5.19g
Mint: Rome
Reference: RIC IV Caracalla 311d var. (Rare, with Helmet)
Provenance: Ex Dr. Gernot Heinrich Collection
This ist the RIC 311d Version with Helmet under the shield. An fantastic Antoninianus with many details on obverse and reverse, fantastic Caracalla bust and a clear reverse Venus. Rare RIC, and more Rare in this condition.
Obverse:
You can see the right-facing bust of Caracalla with a radiant crown. The inscription reads: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM for Antoninus Pius Augustus Germanicus.
Reverse:
The goddess Venus can be seen standing to the left, leaning on a shield. In her left hand she holds a Victoriola, in her right hand a spear. Standing, she leans on her shield and helmet. The inscription reads: VENVS VICTRIX for Venus Victrix (the victorious Venus).
Comments:
In ancient Rome, Venus Victrix is the form of the goddess Venus as victor or „as the one who brings victory“. Especially Pompeius Magnus celebrated his military successes in their honor. This was probably inspired by the armed Aphrodite (nikephoros carrying victory) who protected the Acropolis in certain eastern regions of ancient Greece. In Rome, the victorious Venus was mainly in the third century BC increasingly invoked in the wars against Carthage. Iulius Caesar traced the descent of his family and thus his own from Venus (Venus Genitrix). Pompey, as his adversary, identified his glorious destiny with Venus Victrix in order to claim Venus‘ protection in the secret rivalry. After his victory in the war against Mithridates in 55 BC Pompeius celebrated his triumph „de orbi universo“ (over the whole world) and had a temple built for the victorious Venus, which unfortunately has not been preserved. The sanctuary of Venus Victrix stood on the Capitol, which was probably built during the war against the Samnites. Her feast days were August 12 and October 9, with an annual sacrifice being made on the latter date. At the same time, homage was also paid to Victoria, who closely connected the Romans with Venus Victrix.
Associating this type of coin directly with a specific historical event in the reign of Caracalla is difficult. This Antoninianus is between 213 and 217 AD dated. He could therefore retrospectively refer to the victories in the Germania campaign in 213 AD relate to the battles in Dacia against the Carps in 214 AD refer to or anticipate „the-victorious“ Venus Victrix to refer to the coming eastern campaign against the Parthians.paul1888
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YAUDHEYA: 1st century AD, AE small unit (1.93g), Pieper-1617, six-headed goddess Shashthi (consort of Karttikeya) standing facing, 6-arch hill & nandipada to left, railed tree right // Karttikeya standing, holding a scepter, Brahmi legend around, superb example of this very rare type. Interesting example that incorporated the 6-arch hill and nandipada from contemporary issues of Kuninda. Quant.Geek
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TETRICUS Barbarous imitation. (AD 270-273) Antoninianus, 1.50g. VIRTVS? PAX
TETRICUS Barbarous imitation. (AD 270-273)
Obverse: [IMP TE]TRICVS F AVG, Radiate, cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: Godess standingAntonivs Protti
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2nd - 1st Century BC, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Cantii, AE Potin, Minted between 100 and 30 BCObverse: No legend. Crude outline of head facing right; pellet within circle in centre.
Reverse: No legend. Crude lines representing a bull facing left, crescents above.
Flat Linear type, Class 1
Found, Thames Valley region, England
Diameter: 17mm | Weight: 1.9gms | Axis: 3h
BMC: 667-714 | SPINK: 63
The Cantii produced the first coins to be actually made in Britain.
These coins were cast in strips which were then cut into separate coins and as a result often retain characteristic cut edges from the runlets which joined them together.
THE CANTII (or Cantiaci)
The Cantii (after whom Kent and Canterbury are named) were the major tribal group in the South East region of England, bordered by the Atrebates, Regni and Catuvellauni.
This region was heavily influenced by continental cultures on the periphery of the early Roman world and this resulted in the Cantii producing the first coins actually made in Britain. These are known as “potins” and they were produced between the mid 2nd to the mid 1st century BC. The earliest versions are known as Kentish Primary, or Thurrock, types. Comparatively the later types, like those from the recently discovered Hillingdon Hoard, are of the “flat linear” type, which uses simplified and abstracted images. Similar coins from the late Iron Age have been found, but in much smaller quantities.
The word “potin” is of French origin and is used to describe these early coins which were cast in clay moulds from a copper alloy with a high tin content. They would have been shiny and silver-coloured when new, and though occasionally examples have turned up which retain this colouration, most coins by the time they get dug up have a characteristic black patina from tin oxidation. These were cast in strips which were then cut into separate coins and as a result often retain characteristic cut edges from the runlets which joined them together. The moulds themselves were made using “master” matrices of copper alloy which were cast with the design for one side of a coin in high relief and pressed into the clay. A rare example of a mould of this type was found a few miles west of the Surrey border in Hampshire.
The designs of the majority of potins found in England derive ultimately from coins produced in the Greek colonial Mediterranean city of Massalia (modern Marseilles) in southern Gaul in the late 4th century BC. These coins featured a head of Apollo on the obverse and a charging bull on the reverse. They were originally imported from the continent and later locally copied in the mid 2nd century BC, in the form of what are known as “Thurrock” types, which adhere closely to the original design. Later forms, known as “flat linear” types, greatly simplified this design into deep abstraction, ultimately reducing the head of Apollo to an outline and the bull to a trapezoidal arrangement of lines
We don’t know what these coins were called by the people who made them, or what they were worth in fiscal terms, but they are generally only found in south east England, which probably reflects the limits of the political and economic influence of the Cantii themselves. It isn't even clear what the role of these Iron Age coins actually was, though it is likely that they assisted in the maintenance of some kind of social power structure. Coins were not generally used as day to day currency by the people of Britain in the 1st and 2nd centuries BC, so apart from any monetary transactions, their range of uses probably included the storage of wealth, use as political tribute, and / or votive objects used as offerings to the gods.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
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Divus Constantine I Posthumous commemorative Constantine I AE 4 “Chariot to God” Constantine “The Great” 306-337 CE.
Obverse: DV CONSTANTI-NVS PT AVGG, veiled head right.
Reverse: no legend, Constantine in quadriga right, the hand of God, upper center, grasps the chariot.
SMKA in ex. Cyzicus mint RIC VIII 19
13.4 mm, 1.0 gNORMAN K
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1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Atrebates, AR Unit, Struck c.25 -35 under EpaticcusObverse: EPATI. Head of Hercules, wearing lionskin headdress with paws tied before neck, facing right; pellet in ring behind.
Reverse: No legend. Eagle standing facing, head left, on serpent; dot in circle at upper right.
Diameter: 12mm | Weight: 1.1gms | Axis: 10 |
Spink: 356
Coin found in Hampshire, England. Old repair
EPATICCUS
Epaticcus was a son of Tasciovanus, and probably the younger brother of Cunobelin, he was also apparently a favoured uncle of Caratacus. It is from his coinage issues that we know his name and his family relationship.
The distribution of his coinage would indicate that Epaticcus expanded the territory of his tribe at the expense of the Atrebatean king Verica, and installed himself at the latter's capital, Calleva around 25 CE.
It is likely that Epaticcus was permitted to govern the area by his brother as part of the Catuvellaunian hegemony that was expanding across south eastern Britain at the time. Epaticcus continued to take Verica’s lands to west and south until his death, probably on campaign, around 35 CE. After this his expansionist policies were continued by his nephews, Caratacus and Togodumnus, into the late 30’s CE.
ATREBATES
The Atrebates were a Belgic Iron Age tribe originally dwelling in the Artois region of Northern France.
After the tribes of Gallia Belgic were defeated by Caesar in 57 BC, 4,000 Atrebates participated in the Battle of Alesia in 53, led by their chief Commius.
Before 54 BC, an offshoot of the Gallic tribe probably settled in Britain where it was successively ruled by kings Commius, Tincommius, Eppillus and Verica. Their territory comprised modern Hampshire, West Sussex and Berkshire, centred on the capital Calleva Atrebatum (modern Silchester). They were bordered to the north by the Dobunni and Catuvellauni; to the east by the Regni; and to the south by the Belgae.
The settlement of the Atrebates in Britain does not seem to have been a mass population movement and it is possible that the name "Atrebates", as with many "tribal" names in this period, referred only to the ruling house or dynasty and not to an ethnic group.
After the Roman conquest the Atrebates' lands were organized into the civitates of the Atrebates, Regni and possibly, the Belgae.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
*Alex
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2.5 Livia, Wife of AugustusJULIA AUGUSTA (LIVIA)
Cilicia
14-29 AD. Æ 23mm
Draped bust right / Tyche seated right, holding grain ears; river-god swimming right below.
RPC I 4013; SNG Levante 1238; SNG France -.
Rare. Only two specimens cited in RPC.
RI0041Sosius
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Trebonianus Gallus, Viminacium AE24Moesia Superior, Viminacium, Trebonianus Gallus. 251-253 CE.
Obverse: IMP C GALLVS P FELIX AVG, laureate and draped bust right.
Reverse: PMS COL VIM, city goddess standing left hands over bull and lion.
AN XIII in ex. Year 13=252 CE., 24 mm., 8.6 g.
AMNG 165NORMAN K
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14 TrajanPHOENICIA, Tyre. Trajan. AD 98-117. AR Tetradrachm (23mm, 13.88 g, 10h). Struck AD 110/1. Laureate head right; below, club left and eagle standing right / Tyche seated right on rock, holding grain ears; below, river god Orontes swimming right, head left. McAlee 470; Prieur 1498. VF.
Ex CNGSosius
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2 Philip IPhilip I
Æ25 of Antiochia, Pisidia
244-249 AD
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust r. / The river-god Anthios reclining l. on urn, holding reed and cornucopia.
SNG von Aulock 4971. VF
This coin may be a die match with this coin: http://www.acsearch.info/record.html?id=602309Sosius
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30 Severus Alexander and Julia MamaeaSEVERUS ALEXANDER & JULIA MAMAEA
AE27, Edessa, Mesopotamia
Confronting portraits of Severus Alexander and Julia Mamaea / City-goddess seated left, holding small temple; River-god swimming beneath her
SGI 3390 Sosius
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4 Trebonianus GallusTREBONIANUS GALLUS
Æ 30mm of Antioch, Syria.
O: AVTOK K G OVIB TPEB GALLOC CEB, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust r.; viewed from behind
R: ANTIOCEWN MHTRO KOLWN D-E, SC in ex, tetrastyle temple of Tyche of Antioch, river-god Orontes swimming at her feet; above shrine, ram leaping r.
Sear 2809, SNGCop 292, BMC 654, SGI 4350.
Coin discussed and authenticated on FORVM boardSosius
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5 AemilianAemilian AE26 of Viminacium, Moesia Superior. IMP C M AEMIL AEMILIANVS AV, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust right / P M S COL VIM, Goddess standing, bull and lion at sides, AN XIV in exergue. SGI 4402. Moushmov 61
Sosius
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Aelia Eudoxia, RIC X 104 AntiochAelia Eudoxia, AE3, 400-404 CE
Obverse: AEL EVDO_XIA AVG, Pearl-diademed, draped bust right, wearing pearl necklace and earrings, hair elaborately weaved with long plait up the back of head and tucked under diadem, hand of God holding wreath above head.
Reverse: SALVS REI_PVBLICAE, Victory seated right on cuirass, inscribing Christogram on shield set on a column
ANTG in exergue Antioch, Officina 3. 17.05mm., 1.4 g.
sold 2-2018NORMAN K
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Antiochos IV EpiphanesAE 16 (chalkos), Antiochos IV, Epiphanes, 175-164 B.C. Obv: Radiate head of Antiochos facing right. Rev: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΞΟΥ on either side of Godess (Tyche?), enthroned, holding Nike, bird at feet. Dark brown patina, VF. SG II, 6990, Hoover HGC 9, 637 (R2).Molinari
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Arcadius, AE2, RIC IX 53b Constantinople 383-395 CE & 395-408 CEObverse: D N ARCADIVS P F AVG, pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right, holding spear, crowned by hand of god above.
Reverse: GLORIA ROMANORVM, Emperor standing facing, head left, holding standard in left hand and resting right hand on shield, captive at feet to the left.
CONR* in ex. Constantinople mint 23.9 mm., 6.1 g.NORMAN K
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Asclepius IntaglioMale figure Asclepius? holding two snakes.
Asclepius was the god of healing though he, like Heracles, was born as a mortal. Athena gave Asclepius two types of blood to help with his healing work, both from the gorgon, Medusa. One took life quickly but the other restored life. When Asclepius used this life restoring blood he encroached on the preserve of the gods and Zeus struck him down with a thunderbolt. One of the most famous centres for Asclepius worship was at Epidaurus on the Peloponnese. Snakes were sacred to the god and when the Romans embraced him as one of theirs his cult was supposedly taken to Rome in the body of a snake. He was preserved in the heavens as the constellation Ophiuchus, the serpent holder. The Romanised version of his name is Aesculapius.
0.34g
Greek or more likely Roman Provincial
Ex-Time Machine
Sold Forum Auctions December 2017Jay GT4
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Commodus, Moesia inferior, Nikopolis ad Istrum 177-192 CE.Obverse: M ANTWNEIN - OC KOMODOC, laureate, cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: NEIKOPOLEI - TWN / PROC I, river god, bearded, leaning left, left hand with patera(?) on his knees, resting with left arm on urn from which water flows.
22 mm, 7.9 g
Reference a) AMNG 1/1, 1238 (1 ex., wien)
b) Hristova/Hoeft/Jekov (2015) 8.10.32.8
NORMAN K
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Divus Constantine I, Posthumous commemorative AE4, 337-341 CEObverse: DN CONSTANTI-NVS PT AVGG, veiled head right.
Reverse: No legend, the deified Constantine driving quadriga right, hand of god reaching down from above, star at upper left.
SMANS in ex. Antioch mint, 2nd officina. RIV VIII 37, 16.6 mm, 1.4 g.
It is ironic that Constantine, who tradition tells us was the first Christian emperor (although he only actually became one on his death bed), should have been honored with pagan deification and commemorated posthumously with traditional pagan symbolism as found on this coin. He was the last emperor to be so honored.
NORMAN K
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Gallienus, RIC V 245 Rome, 253 - 268 CE.Bronze antoninianus
Obverse: GALLIENVS AVG, radiate head right.
Reverse: NEPTVNO CONS AVG, Hippocamp right, N in ex
RIC V 245 (sole reign), Rome mint, 2.7g, 19.2mm
Reverse translation: Neptune god of the seas, preserver AugustusNORMAN K
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JUSTIN I and JUSTINIAN I as joint Emperors, AE Pentanummium (5 Nummi), struck 4th April - 1st August 527 at AntiochObverse: +D N D N IVSTINVS ЄT IVSTINIANVS P P A; Diademed, draped, and cuirassed facing busts of Justin I and Justinian I side by side.
Reverse: Tyche of Antioch seated facing left, head facing; below right, river-god Orontes swimming towards the left; large Э to left; all within distyle shrine.
Diameter: 13mm | Weight: 2.2gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 133 | DOC:17 *(different die axis)
RARE
Justin I's health slowly declined in his old age and, on the first of April 527, he formally named his nephew Justinian as co-emperor and his successor. Justin only lived for a few more months and, when he died at the age of 77 on the first of August, Justinian succeeded him.
*Alex
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Laodicea ad Mare; Antonius PiusAntoninus Pius Æ 25mm of Laodicea ad Mare. Dated year 188=140-141 AD. AVTO KAI TI AILI ADPI ANTWNEINOC CEB, laureate & draped bust left / IOVLIEWN TWN KAI LAODIKEWN, bust of Tyche as city goddess left, wearing headdress of gateway, turret, lighthouse and walls; KO to left, HP P to right (date).ecoli
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PalmyraAE 15 mm
ΠAΛMVPA
Veiled, turreted bust of city goddess right
Lion leaping right, crescent above
BMC 7mauseus
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Trajan. 98-117 CE. Caesarea Maritima. Trajan. 98-117 CE. Æ 32mm
Laureate bust right, drapery on left shoulder / Statue of the Tyche of Caesarea within semi-circular tetrastyle shrine with Corinthian columns; half figure of river-god to right of statue, altar with horns
Ros-19Maritima
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Trajan: Augustus 98-117 AD Trajan ‘heroic bust’ AR Denarius
Denomination: AR Denarius
Year: Autumn 116-August 117 AD
Bust: Laureate ‘heroic’ bust right, wearing aegis, with bare chest showing
Obverse: IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC
Reverse: PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R
Type: Felicitas standing left, holding caduceus and cornucopiae
Mint: Rome
Weight & Measures: 3.41g; 19mm
RIC: RIC 333
Provenance: Ex Michael Kelly Collection of Roman Silver Coins; Ex CNG, E-sale 99, Lot 623 (10/13/2004).
Translation: OB: Imperator Caesar Nerva Trajan Optimus Princeps Augustus, Germanicus, Dacicus; for Emperor Caesar Nerva Trajan, The most perfect prince, Augustus, Conquerer of the Germans and Daicians.
Translation: Rev: Parthicus, Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate, Consul VI, Pater Patriae, Senatus Populusque Romanus; for Conquer of the Parthians, High Priest, Tribune of the Roman people, Consul for the 6th time, Father of his country, as recognized by the senate and the people of Rome.
Notes: Felicitas, Roman goddess of good luck. Justin L1
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Δ and KA (monogram of)CILICIA. Seleuceia ad Calycadnum. Severus Alexander. Æ 28. A.D. 222-235. Obv: AVâ–ªKâ–ªMâ–ªAVPâ–ªCEOVHPAΛEZA-NΔPO. Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks: (1) on chest, (2) partly under (1). Rev: CEΛE(-YKEΩN)KAΛY-KA-ΔNΩ. Tyche of Seleuceia seated left on rock in distyle shrine, holding grains; river-god Calycadnus swimming left below. Ref: BMC -; SNG Levante Supp. 196 (same obv. die, var. rev. leg.). Axis: 195°. Weight: 9.91 g. CM(1): Δ containing dot, in triangular punch, 6 x 5 mm. Howgego 670 (206 pcs). Note: Not likely to be a denominational countermark. CM(2): Monogram of K and A, in shaped punch, 4 x 5 mm. Howgego 618 (52 pcs). Note: The countermark likely refers to Calycadnum. Collection Automan.Automan
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Δ and NIKOMOESIA INFERIOR. Nikopolis ad Istrum. Septimius Severus. Æ 27. A.D. 193-211. Obv: (VK)ΛCEÎ •-CEVHPOC (...) or similar. Laureate bust right; countermark (1) on shoulder. Rev: VÎ AVP•Î“AΛΛOV•NIKOÎ OΛITÎ POCIC. River-god reclining left, leaning against urn (?), holding branch in right hand; Countermark (2) to left. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 60°. Weight: 11.68 g. CM(1): Δ, incuse punch, 7 x 6 mm. Howgego 782 (3 pcs). CM(2): NIKO, incuse, 14 x 5 mm. Howgego 553 (3 pcs, 2 of which on reverse). Note: All coins that have the Δ c/m apparently also bear the NIKO c/m and vice-versa, so they must have been applied at the same time. Collection Automan.Automan
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ΘΕΑ ΦΑΥΣΤΕΙΝΑAE 17mm 138-161AD
Obv - ΘΕΑ ΦΑΥΣΤΕΙΝΑ- Veiled and draped bust right
Rev - ΤΥΧΗ ΝΕΑΣ ΤΡΑΙΑΝΗ ΒΟΣΤΡΑ - turreted Tyche standing, facing, head, facing (or l. or r.), holding spear, resting l. hand on hip, (resting foot on swimming river-god)
Reference - Spijkerman 11(2),12 and 13, BMC 7-9
Mint - Bostra, Arabiaaragon6
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ROME
PB Tessera (16mm, 2.92 g, 12 h)
Horse standing right; C above
Erect phallus; A V flanking
Rostovtsev -
Rostovtsev1 gathers into one group all tesserae depicting the phallus, various iterations of the word Amor, and the extremely rare pieces depicting sexual acts. He assumes that these pieces were entrance tickets to the Lupanaria, ancient brothels. This association has caused many scholars to refuse to accept tesserae as currency, as they feel that such crude themes would never have been depicted on currency. Thornton2, however, convincingly argues that, as Mercury is sometimes depicted as a herm, a statuary type consisting of a bust set on a square pedestal adorned with only genitalia, the phallus is in fact an emblem of the god in his guise as a fertility deity.
1. Rostovtzev, Mikhail. 1905. Römische Bleitesserae. Ed. C.F. Lehmann and E Kornemann. Beiträge z. Liepzig: Theodor Weicher.
2. Thornton, M. K. 1980. “The Roman Lead Tesserae : Observations on Two Historical Problems Author.” Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte 29 3: 341-3
Ardatirion
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EGYPT, Aphroditopolis
PB Tessera (15mm, 3.02 g, 4 h)
Old man standing right, leaning on staff (Anchises?)
Aphrodite seated facing on rock, head right, raising arms to cover breast
Milne 5320-4; Dattari (Savio) 11851-2; Köln -
Assuming that the types of Aphroditopolis uniformly bear relation to the goddess, the elderly male figure on the obverse presents an enigma. Perhaps the man is Anchises, the father of Aeneas. While he was certainly younger during his dalliances with Aphrodite, the artist could presumably have been influenced by the Virgilian image of an elderly man.Ardatirion
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ROME. temp. Hadrian-Antoninus Pius. Circa AD 120-161
Æ Quadrans (16mm, 2.94 g, 7h)
Rome mint
Petasus
Winged caduceus; S C flanking
Weigel 18; RIC II 32; Cohen 36
Weigel reconsiders the anonymous quadrantes as a cohesive group. The seriesportrays a pantheon of eleven deities: Jupiter, Minerva, Roma, Neptune, Tiber, Mars, Venus, Apollo, Mercury, Bacchus/Liber, and Hercules. Types are primarily a portrait of the god, with an attribute on the reverse and are usually influenced by (but not directly copied from) earlier designs, primarily from the Republic. He updates the series to the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus.Ardatirion
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ROME. temp. Domitian-Antoninus Pius. Circa AD 81-160
Æ Quadrans (16mm, 3.99 g, 12 h)
Rome mint
Griffin seated left, paw on wheel
Tripod; S C flanking
Weigel 15; RIC II 28; Cohen 38
Weigel reconsiders the anonymous quadrantes as a cohesive group. The seriesportrays a pantheon of eleven deities: Jupiter, Minerva, Roma, Neptune, Tiber, Mars, Venus, Apollo, Mercury, Bacchus/Liber, and Hercules. Types are primarily a portrait of the god, with an attribute on the reverse and are usually influenced by (but not directly copied from) earlier designs, primarily from the Republic. He updates the series to the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus.Ardatirion
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Hugh Magnus: denier (Orléans)Hugh Magnus (Hugues de France in french) (1007-1025)
Denier (Orléans)
Billon, 1.28 g, diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 12h
O/ +D-I DEXTRA BE; city gate with an H on the left, a V below, a G on the right and a O on the top
R/ +AVRELIANIS CIVITAS; cross pattée
Hugh was the elder son of Robert II (the Pious), second capetian king of the Franks (996-1031). Hugues was crowned as an associate king in 1017. However, he died before his father and consequently he never ruled. No other son of a king of France had been called Hugh.
The obverse legend is a Christian one: dei dextra benedictus (blessed on God's right). As usual for Orléans mint, the I after the L in Avrelianis is in the angle.
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RIC.abs Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Provinciarvm)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Provinciarvm (1st emission, 1st phase, 260, Trèves)
Billon (200 ‰), 2.19 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 6h
A/ IMP C M CASS LAT POSTIMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the Rhine god recumbent left, right hand on vessel and left hand holding a scepter or a reed
EG.1
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RIC.87 Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Provinciarvm)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Provinciarvm (1st emission, 2ond phase, 260-261, Trèves)
Billon (200 ‰), 3.23 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 1h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the horned Rhine god recumbent left, right hand on vessel and left hand holding a scepter or a reed
EG.9
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S.1151 Aethelred II (long cross penny, Winchester)Aethelred II, king of the English (978-1013 and 1014-1016)
Long cross penny (moneyer: Godwine, mint: Canterbury, 997-1003)
A/ +ΛEDELRED REX ΛNGLO (AE and NG ligated) around central circle enclosing draped bust left
R/ +GODE-PINE-MΩO-CΛENT (NE and ΛE ligated) ; long voided cross with terminal lunettes
silver, 1.65 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 1h
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(0138) ANTONINUS PIUS138 - 161 AD
AE 23 mm; 8.11 g
O:Laureate head right
R: Bust of Tyche as city goddess left, wearing headdress of gateway, turret, lighthouse and walls
Syria, Laodicea ad Marelaney
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(0138) ANTONINUS PIUS138-161 AD
Struck 140 – 141 AD
AE 24.5 mm, 9.54 g
O: Laureate and draped bust left.
R:Bust of Tyche as city goddess left, wearing headdress of gateway, turret, lighthouse and walls; KO to left, HP P to right (date).
SYRIA, Seleucis and Pieria, Laodikea ad Mare mint; cf BMC 64
laney
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(0138) ANTONINUS PIUS138-161 AD
Æ 23 mm, 10.53 g,
O: Laureate and draped bust right
R: Tyche seated left on rocks, extending right hand and holding cornucopia; conch shell(?) to right; below, river-god Chrysoroas swimming left.
SYRIA, Coele-Syria. Damascus laney
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(0177) COMMODUS177 - 192 AD
AE 17 X 18 mm; 3.70 g
O: Laureate bearded head right
R: River god Chrysoroas reclining right, holding cornucopia and grain ears; XPYCO_ beneath
Damascus, Coele-Syria; cf Lindren III 1256laney
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(0177) COMMODUS--ODESSOS177-192 AD
struck ca 182 - 184
Æ 25mm, 7.72 g
O: AVT K M AVP ANT KOMODOCLaureate head of Commodus, facing right (countermark near ear?)
R: ODHCC EITRN, Great God of Odessus standing left, holding cornucopiae and patera, a lit altar at his feet.
Thrace, Odessos; Moushmov 1592
d.s.
laney
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(0193) SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS193 - 211 AD
AE 23 mm 5.05 g
O: Rad Bust right
R: The Eastern god MEN draped & wearing Phrygian hat, standing facing, head right, right foot on bucranium and crescent on shoulders; holding scepter in left hand, right arm holding globe surmounted by Nike walking right with trophy on shoulder; cock at foot left
ANTIOCH in PISIDIA
laney
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(0193) SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS193 - 211 AD
AE 27 mm 10,50 g
O: ΑΥ Κ Λ CΕΠ CΕΥΗΡΟC Π Laureate head right
R: [ΥΠ ΑΥΡ] ΓΑΛΛΟΥ ΝΕΙΚ[ΟΠ ΠΡΟ]C ΙC, Bearded River-god reclining left, right hand outstretched toward tree, left arm resting on urn from which river waters flow
Nikopolis ad Istrum, Moesia Inferior; cf Varbanov 2616, rare (R5) laney
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(0198) CARACALLA198-217 AD
AE 26 mm, 8.07 g
O: AVK MAV ANTW[] laureate draped bust right
R: ODHCC EITWN great god Odessos with patera and cornucopia, altar before
cf Moushmov 1610; Mionnet Supp. II, 909
Thrace, Odessoslaney
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(0198) CARACALLA198 - 217 AD
AE 25 mm; 8.63 g
O: AVT K M AVP CEVHPOC ANTΩNEINOC, laureate head right;
R: OΔHCCEITΩN, Great god of Odessos standing left, wearing kalathos, holding patera over flaming altar and cornucopia
Odessos, Moesia Inferior; Varbanov I 4373 ff.
d.s.
laney
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(0198) CARACALLA(0198) CARACALLA
198 - 217 AD
AE 25 mm; 8.63 g
O: AVT K M AVP CEVHPOC ANTΩNEINOC, laureate head right;
R: OΔHCCEITΩN, Great god of Odessos standing left, wearing kalathos, holding patera over flaming altar and cornucopia
Odessos, Thrace, Moesia Inferior; Varbanov I 4373 ff.laney
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(0218) ELAGABALUS218-222 AD
AE 33 mm 21.73 g
O: AVT K M AV ··· ANTΩNEI[NOC CE] Laureate bust right, slight drapery on left shoulder
R: ANTIOXEΩN M ΚΟΛ ΔΕ SC Tyche of Antioch seated left on rock outcropping holding grain ears; below, river-god Orontes swimming left, head right; above, ram with head right springing left; D-E above S-C
SYRIA, Seleucis and Pieria, Antiochia ad Orontem
Butcher 474a; SNG Copenhagen 251laney
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(0218) ELAGABALUSAE 25.5 mm; 11.79 g
O: laureate, draped bust right
R:Tyche of Antioch seated left on rocks, holding corn-ears and resting arm on rock, ; river-god swimming left below. In fields; D-E over S-C
Syria, Antioch; cf BMC Galatia etc. pg. 206, 459; L&K 2008; Weber 7969 ID from aeqvitas.com, Butcher 476laney
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(0218) ELAGABALUS218-222
Æ 25mm., 11.74g.
O: AVT K M AV ANTWNINOC Laureate head r. , with slight drapery.
R: ANTIOXЄΩNM()KO Tyche seated l. on rocks, holding grain ears; below, river god Orontes swimming l.;
Δ-Є and S-C across field
Syria, Antioch; cf Butcher 476
laney
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(0218) ELAGABALUS218-222 AD
AE Octassarion 33 mm. 16.66 g
Obv: AVT K M AV ANTΩNINOC CЄ.
Laureate head right, with slight drapery.
Rev: ANTIOXЄΩN KOΛΩNIAC / S C.
Tyche seated left on rocks, holding grain ears; to left, river god Orontes swimming left; above, ram leaping between Δ Є.
SYRIA, Seleucis and Pieria, Antioch; cf McAlee 804.
laney
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(0218) ELAGABALUS (ANTIPATRIS MINT)218 -222 AD
AE 17.5 mm; 6 5 g
O ...NOC C... Laureate draped bust of Elagabalus right
R: Tetrastyle temple, central arch; within, Tyche in short chiton kneeling left holding small bust and spear, resting her foot on river god (Yarkon); ΑΝ(ΤΙΠ) (Antipatris) in exe.
Antipatris (very rare city), Judaea
cf. Sofaer Pl. 21 4, 5.; cf. BM-1, pl. II.7, cf. SNG ANS-635, cf. Rosenberger 1. Very rare.
(Antipatris struck coins only during the reign of Elagabalus)laney
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(0218) ELAGABALUS -- MESOPOTAMIA, EDESSA218 - 222 AD
AE 24.5 mm 9.27 g
O: AVT K M A ANTIWNEINOC CC
RAD DR BUST R, FROM BEHIND
R: MAP AV ANTW[KOEDEC]
TYCHE SEATED L, RIVER GOD BELOW FACING R
MESOPOTAMIA, EDESSA
BMC 59 LINDGREN 2590laney
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(0222) SEVERUS ALEXANDERIssued 221-222 AD (as Caesar, struck under Elagabalus)
AE 23 mm; 9.93 g
O: Radiate head right
R: Tetrastyle tripartite temple of Astarte; Astarte stands in middle section, facing, holding standard in right hand with left foot set on prow; Nike stands on cippus to Astarte's right, crowning her; river god beneath, swimming right; outside staircases lead to the side-wings; in the left wing goddess with kalathos stands facing between two animals; in the right wing female figure stands facing.
BMC 110, 9; Lindgren II, 1321, 2288 (Rare)
Phoenicia, Caesarea ad Libanumlaney
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(0222) SEVERUS ALEXANDER222 - 235 AD
AE 31 mm 15.02 g
O: laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right;
R: ANTIOXEN MHT KOΛ, Tyche std left, holding grain, river god Orontes swimming below, ram running left above, Δ - E / S - C
Antioch, Syria; BMC 470-472laney
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(0222) SEVERUS ALEXANDER222-235 AD
AE 30 mm; 12.52 g
O: laureate head right
R: Tyche seated left on rocks, being crowned by Severus who stands behind, another Tyche standing before, holding rudder and cornucopiae; river-god swimming left below, SHC in ex.
Syria, Antioch; cf SNG Cop 256.laney
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(0251) TREBONIANUS GALLUS251 - 253 AD
AE (8 Assaria) 29 mm; 15.22 g
O:AYTOK K Γ OYIB TPEB ΓAΛΛOC CEB, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, from behind;
R: ANTIOXEΩN MHTPO KOΛΩN, ∆-E above, SC below, tetrastyle temple; inside Tyche seated left with river god Orontes at her feet swimming left; ram above temple leaping right looking back
Syria, Seleucis and Pieria, Antioch ad Orontem mint
McAlee 1181, SNG Cop 292, BMC Galatia p. 229, 654, SGICV 4350laney
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(0253) GALLIENUS253 - 268 AD
Æ 21 mm., 9.05 g.
O: AYT K GALLHNOC CEB Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind
R: IEROP KACTABAL Tyche seated left on rock, holding corn-ears; river god Pyramos swimming left below; D in right field
Cilicia, Hierapolis-Kastabala; SNG Levante 1599, SNG France 2247
laney
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(0335) HANNIBALIANUS (Rex Regnum)335 - 337 AD
AE 15.5 mm max.; 0.80 g
O: FL HANNIBALLIANVS REGI draped and curiassed bust right
R: SEC-VRITAS PVBLICA river god Euphrates sitting right, leaning with right arm on scepter, pouring water from a vase with left hand; reed in back ground; CONSS in exe
Constinopolis Mint, RIC 248, rarelaney
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(0383) ARCADIUS383 - 408 AD
Struck 383 - 388 AD
AE 23 mm 4.71 g
O: DN ARCADIVS PF AVG
DIAD DR CUIR BUST R HOLDING SPEAR, CROWNED BY HAND OF GOD ABOVE
R: GLORIA ROMANORVM
ARCADIUS STANDING FACING, HEAD L, HOLDING CHI-RHO STANDARD & SHIELED, CAPTIVE TO LEFT
SMNB IN EXE
NICOMEDIAlaney
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(0401) AELIA EUDOXIA(wife of Arcadius)
401 - 404 AD
STRUCK 401-4-3
AE 16X17.5 mm 2.96 g
O: AEL EVD[OXIA AVG], DRAPED BUST R, HAND OF GOD HOLDING WREATH ABOVE HEAD
R: VICTORY SEATED R INSCRIBING CHRISTOGRAM ON SHIELD SET ON COLUMN
ART GAMMA IN EXE
ANTIOCH, OFFICINA 3 RIC X 104laney
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(0886) LEO VI (The Wise)886 - 912 AD
AE FOLLIS 25 mm 6.69 g
O: + LЄOn ЬAS ILЄ[V]S ROm
BUST FACING, WITH SHORT BEARD, WEARING CROWN & CHALMYS
R +LЄOn/Єn ӨЄO ЬA/SILЄVS R/OmЄOn IN FOUR LINES ( Leo by the grace of God king of the Romans )
CONSTANTINOPLE
SBV 1729 - DO8
laney
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(12) DOMITIAN81 - 96 AD
Struck year 198 = 94/5 AD
AE 19 mm; 5.47 g
O: Laureate head, r.
R: War god Phanebal standing l., holding harpa in right hand, round shield in left hand, palm branch behind at right.
Judaea, Ascalon; cf RPC II 2215 ff
laney
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(502a) Roman Republic, L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi, 90 B.C.Silver denarius, S 235, Calpurnia 11, Crawford 340/1, Syd 663a, VF, rainbow toning, Rome mint, 3.772g, 18.5mm, 180o, 90 B.C. obverse: laureate head of Apollo right, scorpion behind; Reverse naked horseman galloping right holding palm, L PISO FRVGI and control number CXI below; ex-CNA XV 6/5/91, #443. Ex FORVM.
A portion of the following text is a passage taken from the excellent article “The Calpurnii and Roman Family History: An Analysis of the Piso Frugi Coin in the Joel Handshu Collection at the College of Charleston,” by Chance W. Cook:
In the Roman world, particularly prior to the inception of the principate, moneyers were allotted a high degree of latitude to mint their coins as they saw fit. The tres viri monetales, the three men in charge of minting coins, who served one-year terms, often emblazoned their coins with an incredible variety of images and inscriptions reflecting the grandeur, history, and religion of Rome. Yet also prominent are references to personal or familial accomplishments; in this manner coins were also a means by which the tres viri monetales could honor their forbearers. Most obvious from an analysis of the Piso Frugi denarius is the respect and admiration that Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi, who minted the coin, had for his ancestors. For the images he selected for his dies relate directly to the lofty deeds performed by his Calpurnii forbearers in the century prior to his term as moneyer. The Calpurnii were present at many of the watershed events in the late Republic and had long distinguished themselves in serving the state, becoming an influential and well-respected family whose defense of traditional Roman values cannot be doubted.
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi, who was moneyer in 90 B.C., depicted Apollo on the obverse and the galloping horseman on the reverse, as does his son Gaius. However, all of L. Piso Frugi’s coins have lettering similar to “L-PISO-FRVGI” on the reverse, quite disparate from his son Gaius’ derivations of “C-PISO-L-F-FRV.”
Moreover, C. Piso Frugi coins are noted as possessing “superior workmanship” to those produced by L. Piso Frugi.
The Frugi cognomen, which became hereditary, was first given to L. Calpurnius Piso, consul in 133 B.C., for his integrity and overall moral virtue. Cicero is noted as saying that frugal men possessed the three cardinal Stoic virtues of bravery, justice, and wisdom; indeed in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae, a synonym of frugalitas is bonus, generically meaning “good” but also implying virtuous behavior. Gary Forsythe notes that Cicero would sometimes invoke L. Calpurnius Piso’s name at the beginning of speeches as “a paragon of moral rectitude” for his audience.
L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi’s inclusion of the laureled head of Apollo, essentially the same obverse die used by his son Gaius (c. 67 B.C.), was due to his family’s important role in the establishment of the Ludi Apollinares, the Games of Apollo, which were first instituted in 212 B.C. at the height of Hannibal’s invasion of Italy during the Second Punic War. By that time, Hannibal had crushed Roman armies at Cannae, seized Tarentum and was invading Campania.
Games had been used throughout Roman history as a means of allaying the fears
of the populace and distracting them from issues at hand; the Ludi Apollinares were no different. Forsythe follows the traditional interpretation that in 211 B.C., when C. Calpurnius Piso was praetor, he became the chief magistrate in Rome while both consuls were absent and the three other praetors were sent on military expeditions against Hannibal.
At this juncture, he put forth a motion in the Senate to make the Ludi Apollinares a yearly event, which was passed; the Ludi Apollinares did indeed become an important festival, eventually spanning eight days in the later Republic. However, this interpretation is debatable; H.H. Scullard suggests that the games were not made permanent until 208 B.C. after a severe plague prompted the Senate to make them a fixture on the calendar. The Senators believed Apollo would serve as a “healing god” for the people of Rome.
Nonetheless, the Calpurnii obviously believed their ancestor had played an integral role in the establishment of the Ludi Apollinares and thus prominently displayed
the head or bust of Apollo on the obverse of the coins they minted.
The meaning of the galloping horseman found on the reverse of the L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi coin is more complicated. It is possible that this is yet another reference to the Ludi Apollinares. Chariot races in the Circus Maximus were a major component of the games, along with animal hunts and theatrical performances.
A more intriguing possibility is that the horseman is a reference to C. Calpurnius Piso, son of the Calpurnius Piso who is said to have founded the Ludi Apollinares. This C. Calpurnius Piso was given a military command in 186 B.C. to quell a revolt in Spain. He was victorious, restoring order to the province and also gaining significant wealth in the process.
Upon his return to Rome in 184, he was granted a triumph by the Senate and eventually erected an arch on the Capitoline Hill celebrating his victory. Of course
the arch prominently displayed the Calpurnius name. Piso, however, was not an infantry commander; he led the cavalry.
The difficulty in accepting C. Calpurnius Piso’s victory in Spain as the impetus for the galloping horseman image is that not all of C. Piso Frugi’s coins depict the horseman or cavalryman carrying the palm, which is a symbol of victory. One is inclined to believe that the victory palm would be prominent in all of the coins minted by C. Piso Frugi (the son of L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi) if it indeed signified the great triumph of C. Calpurnius Piso in 186 B.C. Yet the palm’s appearance is clearly not a direct reference to military feats of C. Piso Frugi’s day. As noted, it is accepted that his coins were minted in 67 B.C.; in that year, the major victory by Roman forces was Pompey’s swift defeat of the pirates throughout the Mediterranean.
Chrestomathy: Annual Review of Undergraduate Research at the College of Charleston. Volume 1, 2002: pp. 1-10© 2002 by the College of Charleston, Charleston SC 29424, USA.All rights to be retained by the author.
http://www.cofc.edu/chrestomathy/vol1/cook.pdf
There are six (debatably seven) prominent Romans who have been known to posterity as Lucius Calpurnius Piso:
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi: (d. 261 A.D.) a Roman usurper, whose existence is
questionable, based on the unreliable Historia Augusta.
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus: deputy Roman Emperor, 10 January 69 to15 January
69, appointed by Galba.
Lucius Calpurnius Piso: Consul in 27 A.D.
Lucius Calpurnius Piso: Consul in 1 B.C., augur
Lucius Calpurnius Piso: Consul in 15 B.C., pontifex
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus: Consul in 58 B.C. (the uncle of Julius Caesar)
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi: Moneyer in 90 B.C. (our man)
All but one (or two--if you believe in the existence of "Frugi the usurper" ca. 261 A.D.) of these gentlemen lack the Frugi cognomen, indicating they are not from the same direct lineage as our moneyer, though all are Calpurnii.
Calpurnius Piso Frugi's massive issue was intended to support the war against the Marsic Confederation. The type has numerous variations and control marks.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Calpurnius_Piso
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/indexfrm.asp?vpar=55&pos=0
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
Cleisthenes
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(Deceased) Constantine I Magnus(Deceased) Constantine I Magnus, (338-340 CE)
Constantine I, veiled head/Constantine riding quadriga right, reaching up towards the hand of god (Manus Dei).
Trier Mint (?)
AE 12Belisarius
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*CILICIA, Tarsos. Æ24 San- and Phili-, magistrates. Tyche enthroned/Zeus NikephorosCILICIA, Tarsos. 164-27 BC. Æ24 San- and Phili-, magistrates. Tyche, turreted and veiled, holding grain ears in extended right hand, seated right on throne, right foot on the shoulder of the river god Orontes, who swims right below / TARSEWN, Zeus Nikephoros seated left; SAN/FILI in two lines to left. Cf. SNG France 1374; SNG Levante 979-80 var. (magistrates); SNG Copenhagen -; SNG von Aulock -; BMC -. ancientone
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*SOLD* Nürnberg - 1 Kreuzer
Attribution: KM #367; 'Stadtansichtskreuzer von Nürnberg' (city-view Kreuzer of Nuremberg) is the specific type
Date: AD 1773
Obverse: View of Nuremberg in Bavaria/Germany, Providence of God above, 1773 below
Reverse: Three Coat of Arms of Nuremberg – 1) Top is 'Freie und Reichsstadt' ('Free city and city of the German Empire), the meaning is that Nuremberg has no other ruler above it than
the Emperor himself; 2) right is a half eagle, black on golden field, in the l. half, and six red and six silver oblique stripes in the r. field; 3) left shows a golden harpyia (mythic bird) on a blue field, has a female head and is crowned.Noah
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-Ionia, Ephesus. Domitian. AD 81-96. Æ 27mm.Laureate head right / River-god Marnas reclining left, holding reed and resting arm on overturned urn from which water flows.
RPC 1074ancientone
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0001 Sasanian Empire Khusro II -- Year 2 -- BishapurObv: Pahlavi script legend: to the l. on two lines reading down leftward and outward is GDH/'pzwt (xwarrah abzūd) and to the r. on one line reading down is hwslwd (Husraw) = Khusro has increased the royal glory; frontal bust facing r. of bearded Khusro II with a hair globe drawn to the back of the neck, crown with three merlons and attached to the top of the crown cap are wings (group of pellets within the base) with an attached crescent and star, double pearl diadem with three ribbons behind, earring made up of three dots, neckline edged with a row of pearls, both shoulders decorated with a crescent and star, double row of pearls from shoulders to breast, two dots on the breast, star in upper l. field, star and crescent in upper r. field, two dotted rims with a star on a crescent at 3h, 6h, and 9h.
Rev: Pahlavi script legend: to the l. reading down is year tlyn of Khusro II's reign and to the r. reading down is the mint mark BYSh = year 2 of Khusro II's reign, Bishapur; fire altar with a base consisting of two slabs and a shaft with two ribbons pointing upwards to the r. and l. of the shaft with four altar slabs on top and flames consisting of four tiers rendered as four then three then two then one upward stroke, star to the l. and crescent to the r. of the top two tiers, to the l. and r. of the altar are two frontal facing attendants each holding a sword pointing downwards with the r. hand over the l. hand and wearing a rounded cap, three dotted rims with a star on a crescent at 3h, 6h, 9h, and 12h.
Denomination: silver drachm; Mint: Bishapur; Date: year 2, 591 - 592 AD; Weight: 4.12g; Diameter: 29mm; Die axis: 90º; References, for example: Göbl II/2; SNS Iran 580 and 581 (same mint and regnal year).
Regnal year 2 saw major changes to the coinage of Khusro II. First, the defeat of Wahrām Chōbēn (Wahrām VI) brought to an end the interruption of Khusro II's xwarrah and so wings representing Vərəθraγna/Verethragna (Avestan), Wahrām (Middle Persian), Bahrām (Persian), i.e. the god or personification of victory, were added to Khusro II's crown. Second, for the first time in Sasanian coinage the ideogram GDH (xwarrah) is added to the legend (obverse). Third, on the reverse six pointed stars are added to the crescent moons outside of the three dotted rims at 3h, 6h, 9h, and 12h. Six pointed stars can be considered representations of the sun (see Gariboldi 2010 pp. 36ff and the sources referenced in footnote 71, p. 37).
See Daryaee (1997) for an interesting study of the religious and political iconography on the coinage of Khusro II*. He argues that Khusro II implemented iconographic changes in regnal year 2 (591 - 592 AD) as a direct result of suppressing the rebellion (with the assistance of the Byzantine Emperor Maurice) of the brilliant general Wahrām Chōbēn (Wahrām VI) in 591 AD. Further iconographic changes were carried out in regnal year 11 (600 - 601 AD) in response to the final defeat in 600 AD of the 10 year rule/rebellion of Wistahm**, his uncle (as the brother-in-law of his father Ohrmazd IV) and former staunch supporter.
*The study cannot be intended to be complete. For example, there is no discussion of the legend 'pd that appeared, beginning in the 12th regnal year but not present for all subsequent years or at all mints, in the second quadrant outside of the rims on the obverse. Gariboldi 2010 (p.64) translates the legend as "good", "excellent", "wonderful" while Göbl 1983 (p. 331) translates it as "praise".
**There is some debate about when Wistahm was finally eliminated. Daryaee, following Paruck 1924, relies on (purported?) numismatic evidence that the last coin minted in his name was for year 10. Therefore Daryaee states that 600 AD was the year of elimination (Daryaee 1997, p. 53 n. 38. Also see Daryaee 2009, p. 33 n. 166 for a slightly more tepid assertion). Frye 1984 implies a 10 year rule for Wistahm, stating that "it was not until 601 that the rule of Chosroes [Khusro] was restored over all of the empire..." (p. 336). Göbl SN, however, states that 10 years of reign are said to be represented, although personally he had only seen coins of years 2 through 7 (p. 53). Thus Wistahm's years in SN's Table XI are listed as "591/2 - 597?" Malek 1993 also lists Wistahm's years as 591/2 - 97 (p. 237).
Provenance: Ex Stephen Album Rare Coins Auction 36, January 25, 2020
Photo Credit: Stephen Album Rare Coins
Sources
Daryaee, Touraj. 'The Use of Religio-Political Propaganda on Coins of Xusrō II." The Journal of the American Numismatics (1989-), vol. 9 (1997): 41-53.
Daryaee, Touraj. Sasanian Persia: The Rise And Fall Of An Empire. London: I. B. Tauris, 2009.
Frye, Richard. The History of Ancient Iran. Munich: C.H. Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1984.
Gariboldi, Andrea. Sasanian Coinage and History: The Civic Numismatic Collection of Milan. Costa Mesa: Mazda Publishers, 2010.
Göbl, Robert. Sasanian Numismatics. Braunschweig: Klinkhardt and Biermann, 1971.
Göbl 1983: Yarshater, Ehsan, ed. The Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 3 (1), The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983: 322 - 336.
Malek, Hodge. "A Survey of Research on Sasanian Numismatics." The Numismatic Chronicle (1966-), vol. 153 (1993): 227 - 269.
Paruck, F.D.J. Sasanian Coins. Bombay: 1924.
SNS Iran: Akbarzadeh, Daryoosh and Nikolaus Schindel. Sylloge Nummorum Sasanidarum Iran A Late Sasanian Hoard from Orumiyeh. Wien: Österreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, 2017.
Tracy Aiello
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0005 - Denarius Caracalla 207 ACObv/ANTONINVS PIVS AVG, laureate head of Caracalla r.
Rev/VIRTVS AVGG, Caracalla in military dress, standing front, head r., holding spear and parazonium. To l., river-god reclining, to r., two captives.
Ag, 18.9mm, 3.06g
Mint: Rome.
RIC IVa/175 - Cohen 670 - BMCRE 259, 520 - RSC 670
ex-Lucernae (ebay)dafnis
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004a01. Gaius CaligulaCARIA. Cidrama. Ae. Mousaios Kallikratos Pr-, magistrate. Obv: ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ. Bare head left. Rev: KIΔPAMHNΩN / MOYΣAIOΣ KAΛΛIKPATOYΣ ΠP. Goddess standing facing with arms outstretched. 19mm, 5.54 g. RPC 2874; SNG von Aulock 2585; SNG Copenhagen 193. Naumann Auction 96 Lot 434. Posted on Wildwinds.lawrence c
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005. ClaudiusLibertas
In Roman mythology, Libertas (which in Latin means freedom) was the goddess of freedom.
Æ As (9.50 gm). Bare head left / Libertas standing right, holding pileus. RIC I 113; BMCRE 202; Cohen 47. Fine, red-gray patina
Check
ecoli
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005. CLAUDIUS 41 AD - 54 ADCLAUDIUS. 41-54 AD.
I, Claudius was a very sympathetic treatment of Claudius; nevertheless, along with Claudius the God, those books hold a special place in my library. Without those books, I would not have taken an interest in the classics in high school, and subsequently, ancient coins. Certainly Claudius was not a saint; nor good as we define a person now; but given the circumstances and the unlimited power he weld, few of us could have done it better.
Æ As (9.50 gm). Bare head left / Libertas standing right, holding pileus. RIC I 113; BMCRE 202; Cohen 47. Ex-CNG ecoli
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005. Mn. Fonteius, CfDenarius, ca 85-84 BC, Auxiliary Italian mint.
Obverse: MN FONTEI CF / Bust of Vejovis with hair in loose locks; thunderbolt below; AP monogram under chin.
Reverse: Winged Cupid or Genius seated on goat; caps of the Dioscuri above; thyrsus with fillet below; all within a laurel wreath.
3.89 gm., 20 mm.
Syd. #724; RSC #Fonteia 9; Sear #271.
Vejovis was an ancient deity whose early function was forgotten. At his shrine in Rome, his statue portrayed him as a young beardless youth with a goat. By the time this coin was issued, he was identified with Pluto, the god of the underworld. He was probably a god of expiation since a goat was sacrificed to him once a year. We know from other sources that this goat sacrifice was expiatory in nature.Callimachus
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0088 Aelia Eudoxia - AE 4Cyzicus
401-403 AD
diademed, draped bust right, being crowned by Hand of God
AEL EVDO_XIA AVG
Victory seated right, holding shield with (XP) inside on column
SALVS REI_PVBLICAE
SMKA?
RIC X 103, SRCV 4241?
1,78g 14mmJ. B.
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009 Cnut the GreatPenny of Cnut, king of Denmark 1018-1035, Norway 1028-1035, and England 1016-1035
Danish issue as king of Denmark
Moneyer: Godwine
Mint: Lund
Malmer 9.636/1716, chain 138
O: +CNVT REX DENORT
R: +GODPINE M-O LVND
Ex- Bruun-RasmussenSt. George's Collection
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01 - Trajan Silver Denarius - AET AVG - Head of Sol and LunaRoman Empire, Emperor Trajan (98 - 117 A.D.)
Silver Denarius, Rome Mint. 3.2 Grams.
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obv: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P - Laureate bust right, drapery on far shoulder.
rev: COS V P P SPQR OPTIMO PRINC - Aeternitas standing facing, head left holding the head of Sol (the Sun god) in her right hand and the head of Luna (the Moon Goddess) in her left hand.
AET AVG - across fields on either side of Aeternitas.
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RIC 91, RSC 3rexesq
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01 - Trajan Silver Denarius - AET AVG - Head of Sol and LunaRoman Empire, Emperor Trajan (98 - 117 A.D.)
Silver Denarius, Rome Mint. 3.2 Grams.
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obv: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P - Laureate bust right, drapery on far shoulder.
rev: COS V P P SPQR OPTIMO PRINC - Aeternitas standing facing, head left holding the head of Sol (the Sun god) in her right hand and the head of Luna (the Moon Goddess) in her left hand.
AET AVG - across fields on either side of Aeternitas.
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RIC 91, RSC 3rexesq
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