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C. MARCIVS CENSORINVUS - Denarius - 88 B.C. - Mint of Rome
Gens Marcia
Ob.: Diademed head of Apollo right
Rev.: Horse galloping right. P above, C CENSOR below. In ex. another controlmark
gs. 3,8 mm. 16,4
Craw. 346/2bMaxentius

Æ Quadrans - Anonymous - c. 91 BC - Rome Mint
Obv.: Head of Hercules right, wearing lion skin, three pellets behind.
Rev.: Prow right, ROMA above, three pellets before.
Gs. 3,2 mm. 15,7
Craw. 339/4c, Sear RCV 1194

Maxentius

Denarius - 85 BC. - Mint of Rome
MN FONTEIVS C. f. - Gens Fonteia
Ob.: Laureate head of Apollo Vejovis right, M FONTEI CF behind, thunderbolt below, monogram below chin (ROMA or Argento Publico?)
Rev.: Infant Genius riding goat right, caps of the Dioscuri above, filleted thyrsos below.
Gs. 3,6 mm. 20
Cr353/1a, Sear RCV 271.

Maxentius

Denarius - 90 b.C. - Mint of Rome
L. CALPVRNIVS PISO FRVGI - Gens Calpurnia
Ob.: laureate head of Apollo right. Behind H. C below the chin.
Rev.: horseman galloping right holding palm. Λ above, L PISO FRVGI below.
gs. 3,9 mm. 18,3
Cr.340/1, Syd.669aMaxentius

Denarius - 119 BC.
M. TVLLIVS - Gens Tullia
Obv.:Helmeted head of Roma right, ROMA behind
Rev.; Victory in quadriga right, wreath above, X below; M TVLLI in ex.
Gs. 3,6 mm. 19,9
Cr280/1, Sear RCV 155.

Maxentius

AE Semis - Anonymous - 169/157 B.C.
Obv.: Head of Saturn right, S behind
Rev.: Prow of galley right, star above, S before; ROMA below
Gs 12,5 mm. 24,1
Crawford 196/2, Sear RCV 829Maxentius

Denarius - 105 BC.
L. THORIVS BALBVS - Gens THORIA
Obv.: Head of Juno Sospita in goat skin. I.S.M.R. (Iunoni Sospitae Magnae Reginae)behind
Rev.:Bull charging right, T above, L THORIVS / BALBVS below.
Gs. 3,75 mm. 19,7x21,3
Craw. 316/1, Sear RCV 1921 commentsMaxentius

Anonymous TRIENS - After 211 B.C. (Grueber 240/229 B.C.)
Obv.:Minerva head's right. Four pellets above
Rev. Ship's prow right. ROMA above, four pellets below
Gs. 7,9 mm. 24,7
Craw. 56/4, sear RCV 911, BMRRC (Grueber) 245Maxentius

AE As -169-158 BC (Grueber 196/173 BC)
VALERIVS - Gens Valeria
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus, I above.
Rev.:Ship's prow right, VAL in monogram above, I before, ROMA below.
Gs. 15,5 mm. 30,9
Craw. 191/1, Sear RCV 710, BMRCC 545. 1 commentsMaxentius

Denarius - 62 BC. - Mint of Rome
L. AEMILIVS LEPIDVS PAVLLVS - Gens Aemilia
Obv.: Veiled and diademed head of Concordia right, PAVLLVS LEPIDVS CONCORDIA around
Rev.:Aemilius Lepidus standing to right of trophy, Perseus and his two sons captive on the left. TER above, PAVLVS in ex.
Gs. 3,8 mm. 18
Cr415/1, Sear RCV 366, Grueber 3373

Maxentius

As - 194/190 BC. - Mint of Rome
[Crescent]
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus. Above, I
Rev. Prow right. Above, I and crescent. ROMA below
gs.29,7 mm. 32
Crawf. 137/2, Sear RCV 666, Grueber 579Maxentius

Ae Sextans - 211/206 BC - Mint of Rome
Anonymous
Obv.: Head of Mercury right wearing winged petasos; •• above
Rev.: Prow of galley right; ROMA above, •• below.
Gs. 5,8 mm. 19,6
Crawf. 56/6, Sear RCV 1204, Grueber 256

Maxentius

Denarius - 101 BC. - Mint of Rome
M. LVCILIVS RVFVS - Gens Lucilia
Obv.: Helmeted head of Roma right within laurel wreath; P V behind
Rev.: Victory in biga right holding reins and whip; RVF above, M LVCILI in exergue.
Gs. 4 mm 19,2x21,5
Craw. 324/1, Sear RCV 202, Grueber 1613

Maxentius

Denarius. - 62 BC. - Rome mint
L. SCRIBONIVS LIBO - Gens Scribonia
Ob.: Head of Bonus Eventus right, with broad diadem. LIBO behind, BON EVENT before
Rev.:Puteal Scribonianum ornamented with two lyres, hammer and festoons. PVTEAL above, SCRIBON below.
Gs. 3,7 mm. 19,55
Craw. 416/1a, Sear RCV 367, Grueber 3377

Maxentius

As - 169/157 - Rome mint
L. CORNELIVS CINA - Gens Cornelia
Obv.: Laureate head of janus. Above, I
Rev.: Prow right. Above, CINA. Before, I. Below, ROMA
Gs. 27,7 mm. 29,7
Crawf. 178/1, Sear RCV 699, Grueber 804Maxentius

Uncia - 217-215 BC - Rome mint
Anonymous
Obv.: Helmeted head of Roma left, pellet behind.
Rev.:Prow right, ROMA above, pellet below.
Gs. 12,4 mm. 25,43
Crawf. 38/6, Sear RCV 615.

Maxentius

As - 43/36 BC. - Mint in Spain or Sicily
SEXTVS POMPEIVS - Gens Pompeia
Obv.: MGN above laureate janiform head with features of Pompey the Great
Rev.:Prow of galley right. PIVS above, IMP below.
Gs. 16,3 mm. 29,24
Crawf. 479/1, Sear RCV 1394, Grueber II (Spain) 95

Maxentius

Obverse: DN IVSTINVS PP AVG (or similar) Justin, on L., and Sophia, on r., seated facing on double throne, both nimbate; he holds gl. cr., she holds cruciform sceptre; rarely with cross between heads.
Reverse: Large M between ANNP and regnal year (G,I) yr 7, cross above, officina letter "deta" below, In ex. CON.
Date: 569/70 CE
Mint: constantinople
Sear 360 DO 22-43
29mm 14.91 gmwileyc

Obverse: DN MAVRC TIB PP AVG or similar, Helmeted sometimes crowned, and cuir. Bust facing, holding gl. cr., and shield.
Reverse: Large K ANNO to left, cross above, regnal yr 3 (III) to rt. but the mint mark sometimes reads TE, TH,TEC or backward S < E< and T, instead of TES.
Mint: Thessalonica
Date: 584/5 CE
Sear 509, DO 74-90
18mm, 5.90gwileyc

India, Pre-Mauryan Empire. Anonymous. Ca. 500-400 B.C. AR karshapana (20.1 mm, 1.62 g). 4 punches: elephant left with double crescent above, 5 crescents around annulets with dot in center (cf. R-195), three fish swimming around annulet with pellets around (cf. R-232)Quant.Geek

Heraclius, with Heraclius Constantine. 610-641. Æ Follis (29mm, 8.63 g, 6h). Cyzicus mint, 1st officina. Dated RY 3 (AD 612/3). Crowned and draped figures of Heraclius and Heraclius Constantine standing facing, each holding globus cruciger; cross above / Large M; cross above, A/N/N/O III (date) across fields; A//KYZ. DOC 175a; MIB 185; SB 840Quant.Geek

SICILY: Roggero II, 1130-1156, AV tari (0.95g), NM, ND, Spahr-69, Travaini-217, ruler cited as al-malik rujar al-mu'tazz billah, star above, struck 1140-56Quant.Geek

SICILY: Roggero II, 1130-1156, AV tari (0.95g), NM, ND, Spahr-60, Travaini-190, ruler cited as al-mu'tazz billah / al-malik rujar / al-mu'azzam, star above, struck 1130-1140,Quant.Geek

Phocas. 602-610. Æ Follis – 40 Nummi (32mm, 12.92 g, 6h). Thessalonica mint. Dated RY 5 (606/7). Crowned facing bust, wearing consular robes, holding mappa and cross / Large XXXX; ANNO above, Ð§ to right; TÐ„S. DOC 47; MIBE 91; SB 653. Good VF, dark brown-black patina, hint of earthen deposits, cleaning marks. Overstruck on a Nicomedia follis of Maurice Tiberius (SB 512). Quant.Geek

Justinian I. 527-565. Æ Decanummium (17mm, 3.46 g, 6h). Uncertain mint, possibly Perugia. Dated RY 26 (552/3). Diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Large I; cross above, date across field; P. DOC 357; MIBE 101a; SB 328. VF, dark green patina, minor roughness. Rare.

Quant.Geek

Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine overstruck on Phocas & Leontia . 610-641 / 602-610. Æ follis (26.89 mm, 8.78 g, 6 h). Host coin, Theopolis (Antioch) mint, 602-610 / after 610. overstrike, Thessalonica mint. Overstrike: fragmentary, d N hÐ„RA[CLIÐ§S PP AVG] Host coin, also fragmentary, [O N FOCA] NÐ„ PÐ„ [AV] , Overstrike: Heraclius (on left, and Heraclius constantine, barely visible on right) standing facing, each holding globus cruciger, cross between their heads Host coin: Phocas on left and Leontia standing facing; Emperor holds globus cruciger, Empress holds cruciform scepter; cross between their heads / Overstrike, large M between A / N / N / O and date (not struck-up), cross above, B below, Î˜Ð„C in exergueHost coin, large m between [A / N /] N / O and date (unclear) cross above, ThÐ„Ð§P' in exergue. Host coin, Cf. SBCV 671; Overstrike, Cf. SBCV 824. VF for type, dark green patina on devices, lighter encrustation on fields - overstrike at ~ 90º ccw.

multiply struck: host coin is Phocas & Leontia from Antioch, SBCV 671 or similar overstrike, at ~ 90º ccw, is Heraclius from Thessalonica Quant.Geek

PHOCAS (602-610). Follis. Cyzicus. Dated RY 1 (602/3). Obv: Phocas, holding globus cruciger, and Leontia, holding cruciform sceptre, standing facing. Rev: Large M; cross above, A/N/N/O - I across field; KYZA. Sear 664. Condition: Good very fine. Weight: 13.74 g. Diameter: 30 mm.Quant.Geek

MAURICE TIBERIUS (582-602). Decanummium. Cyzicus. Obv: Crowned and cuirassed bust facing, holding globus cruciger and shield decorated with horseman motif. Rev: Large I; cross above, star to left, A to right; KYZ. Sear 522a; MIBE 93C. Condition: Good very fine, struck on an oddly-shaped flan. Weight: 2.92 g. Diameter: 20 mm.
Quant.Geek

Northeast Gaul, Bellovaci. Ca. 50-20 B.C. Æ (15 mm, 2.25 g, 9 h). Stylized head left / Horizontal line with three lines extending below it; above, chevron-S. Delestrée & Tache 535; Scheers 711Quant.Geek

Justin II, with Sophia. 565-578. Æ Half Follis (20mm, 6.62 g, 6h). Thessalonica mint. Dated RY 8 (572/3). Nimbate figures of Justin and Sophia seated facing on double throne, holding globus cruciger and cruciform scepter, respectively / Large K; cross above, date across field; TÐ„S. DOC 73; MIBE 70a; SB 366. Quant.Geek

Domitian. A.D. 81-96. AR denarius (18 mm, 3.41 g, 6 h). Rome, A.D. 81. IMP CAES DOMITIANVS AVG P M, laureate head of Domitian right / TR P COS VII DES VIII P P, tripod with dolphin above, no raven below. RIC 74; BN 19; BMC 22; cf. RSC 568c (ravens below). Ex: Triskeles Auctions, Auction 32, lot 185, March 27, 20202 commentspaul1888

Hadrian, 117-138 Denarius circa 126-127, AR 20mm., 2.82g. Laureate bust r. Rev. Crescent; above, star and below, globe. C 460. RIC 8652 commentspaul1888

Sicily, Syracuse. Agathokles. Æ 23 mm. Arethusa / Bull Butting
Reign: 317-289 B.C.
Denomination: Æ 17 mm.
Weight: 3.93 grams..
Date Struck: c. 317-310 B.C.
Obverse: Head of Arethusa left, wearing pendant earring and pearl necklace; behind, grain ear.
Reverse: Bull butting left; above, dolphin to left above Δ; below, H.
Reference: CNS II, 101 var. (Π below dolphin); HGC 2, 1489.paul1888

Philip I the Arab, February 244 - Late September249 A.D., Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Cilicia. Orichalcum medallion, cf. RPC VIII U2169; SNG Levante 778; SNG BnF 1040; SNG Righetti 1630; SNG Pfalz 1078; BMC Cilicia p. 140, 50 (various legend arrangements), VF, broad flan, portrait, dark brown patina, light encrustation, a few small pits, marks, Seleukeia ad Calycadnum (Silifke, Turkey) mint, weight 34.823g, maximum diameter 40.0mm, die axis 180o, obverse AYT K M IOYΛIOC ΦIΛIΠΠOC CEB, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse CEΛEYKEΩN TΩN ΠPOCT, confronted busts of Tyche, right, draped, kalathos on head, cornucopia behind, and Apollo, left, laureate and draped, laurel branch before, KAΛYK/A∆N/Ω in three lines above, EΛEYΘEP/AC in two lines below; 40 millimeters1 commentspaul1888

INDIA, Post-Mauryan (Coromandel). Pallavas. Uncertain ruler, circa AD 400-600. AE (Bronze, 17 mm, 1.73 g, 12 h). Humped bull standing right; above, conch and crescent on wavy line; all within pelleted circle. Rev. Conch shell within decorated circle. Pieper 746 var. (pelleted circle on the reverse). Quant.Geek

INDIA, Post-Gupta (Deccan). Uncertain. Circa 600-650. AE (Bronze, 19 mm, 4.34 g, 12 h), Vishnukundin style, struck somewhere in the Pallava-Visnukundin-Eastern Chalukya Region. SRI KU TA or SRI KRI TA (in Brahmi) Bull standing to right; above, legend in Brahmi; all within circle. Rev. Sankha flanked by lamp stands; all within rayed border. B.U. Abels: A Short Presentation on One West-Indian and One South-Indian Coin, in: Numismatic Digest 39 (2015), p. 128, ill. 2 (this coin). B.U. Abels: An Early Chalukya Coin, in: The Journal of the Numismatic Society of India, L, Part I & II (1988), p. 37-38 (this coin). Quant.Geek

Macedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. AR drachm. ca. 171/0 B.C. Aristokrates, magistrate.
Macedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. AR drachm (15 mm, 2.60 g, 12 h). ca. 171/0 B.C. Aristokrates, magistrate. Head of Helios facing slightly right / P-O, rose with bud to left; in left field, club; above, magistrate's name: [ΑΡΙ]ΣΤΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ. R. J. H. Ashton, ""Clubs, Thunderbolts, Torches, Stars and Caducei: more Pseudo-Rhodian Drachms from Mainland Greece and the Islands,"" NC 162 (2002), 17 (A6/P5; this coin). Toned. Very fine.
Ex: TRISKELES AUCTIONS 326 ON VAUCTIONS
LOT 48, 29 Sep 2017; Ex Naville V (18 June 1923), 2669. Ex: British Museum

The Pseudo-Rhodian drachms were struck, probably by the Macedonians under Perseus but possibly by the Romans, to pay for Mercenaries from Crete and Rhodes who would have been familiar with Rhodian coinage. The coins in the name of the magistrate Aristokrates with the club symbol in the field is the largest known individual issue of pseudo-Rhodian drachms from the Third Macedonian War, and used at least twenty-nine obverse dies.1 commentspaul1888

Greek Coins
Pangaean District, Eion. Trihemiobol; Pangaean District, Eion; 5th Century BC, Trihemiobol, 0.77g. Cf. SNG ANS-287 (H behind goose's feet) and 291 (H right of goose's neck). Obv: Goose standing r., head turned back, lizard above, H (faint) before goose's feet. Rx: Four-part incuse square. Ex Morton and Eden/Sotheby 51, A Collection of Exceptional Greek Coins, 24 October 2011, lot 97; ex NFA VIII, 6 June 1980, lot 97. Formerly in the collection of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Catalogue (1955), 610; acquired by Boston as part of the Edward Perry Warren Collection, Regling, Sammlung Warren (1906), 569; obtained by Warren as part of the Canon Greenwell Collection in 1901.paul1888

Claudius II Posthumous antoninianus. DIVO CLAVDIO, radiate head right / CONSECRATIO, garlanded altar with flames above, no decoration on front. Minster hoard 478.
*Claudius II ("Claudius Gothicus"), the first of the soldier-emperors, ruled for less than two years (268–270 AD). His destruction of the Gothic cavalry earned him the name of Gothicus. He died of smallpox in January 270 and was deified by his brother Quintillus who succeeded him for a short time.Antonivs Protti

C MAIANI Æ As. 153 BC, Rome Mint
Laureate head of Janus right, I above. / Prow right, C MAIANI above, ROMA in ex.
Ref C Maianius, Maiania 2, Syd 428, Cr203/2, MAINI AsAntonivs Protti

Sicily, Syracuse, Agathocles (317-289 BC), Silver Tetradrachm, struck c.310-305 BC.
Obv/ Head of nymph Arethusa facing left, her hair wreathed with grain, wearing a triple-pendant earring and a pearl necklace, three dolphins swimming around, NK below neck.
Rev/ ΣYPAKOΣIΩN (in exergue); charioteer, wearing a long chiton and holding a kentron (goad) in his right hand and the reins on his left, driving a fast quadriga left, triskeles above, AI monogram in exergue off flan.2 commentspaul1888

JUSTINIAN I, AR Siliqua or Half-Siliqua, struck 537 - 552 at CarthageObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AV. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Justinian I facing right.
Reverse: Monogram, cross above, S below, within circle, all encircled by wreath. (SBCV Monogram 3)

Diameter: 13mm | Weight: 1.17gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 254 (Siliqua) | Sommer 4.119
Scratched obverse. Not in DOC.
RARE

The monogram on the reverse of this coin was originally interpreted as being that of the Ostrogothic queen Mathasunta (cf. BMC 80, 1). However, a later re-interpretation by Wolfgang Hahn (MIB) attributed this issue as being a regular African Imperial issue of Justinian, and this is the attribution that was adopted by SBCV.

On September the 15th 533 Justinian's army, led by Belisarius, entered the city of Carthage and brought it back into the Roman Empire after 98 years of Vandal rule. In March 534 the Vandal king Gelimer surrendered to Belisarius ending the Vandal kingdom and returning the African provinces to the empire. Large numbers of captured Vandals were transported to Constantinople and in April Belisarius returned there too and was permitted by Justinian I to celebrate a triumph, the first non-imperial triumph for over 500 years.*Alex

SEVERUS ALEXANDER. Billon Tetradrachm struck AD 222 at AlexandriaObverse: A KAI MAP AYP CEYHP AΛEΞANΔPOC EYCEB. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust of Severus Alexander facing right.
Reverse: No legend. Tyche, holding rudder, reclining facing left on garlanded couch; above, L A (= regnal year 1 = A.D 222).
Diameter: 22mm | Weight: 11.91gms | Die Axis: 12
Geissen: 2405. | Dattari: 43811 comments*Alex

2nd - 1st Century BC, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Durotriges, Base AR Stater, Struck c.40 BCObverse: No legend. Abstract head of Apollo made up of pellets and lines.
Reverse: No legend. Crude disjointed horse with three tails standing facing left, large group of pellets and “coffee bean” symbol above, single pellet below.
One of a small group of coins found west of Cheriton, south east of Winchester.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 2.89gms | Axis: Unclear
Spink: 366

THE DUROTRIGES
The Durotriges were one of the Celtic tribes living in Britain prior to the Roman invasion. They were one of the groups that issued coinage before the Roman conquest. Their coins were abstract and simple and had no inscriptions, so no names of any issuers or rulers are known. Nevertheless, the Durotriges presented a settled society, based in the farming of lands surrounded by hill forts, the majority of which seem to have gone out of use by 100 BC, long before the arrival of the Romans in 43 or 44 AD. Constructed initially around 600 BC, the Durotriges ultimately occupied the largest hill fort in Britain, Maiden Castle, which encloses some 19 hectares (47 acres). Around 100 BC though, for some reason habitation at the hill fort went into decline and became concentrated at the eastern end of the site. Maiden Castle appears to have been abandoned after the Roman conquest of Britain although the Romans later built a small temple on the site.
The tribe lived in an area centred on Dorset, south Wiltshire, south Somerset and Devon east of the River Axe. Their territory was bordered to the west by the Dumnonii; and to the north east by the Belgae. The area controlled by the Durotriges is identified in part by coin finds, few Durotrigan coins are found in the south eastern tribal areas, so it would appear unlikely that they were acceptable there. A recent coin hoard found on the Isle of Wight, however, would seem to indicate that the Durotriges might have had some influence at least over the western half of the island.
The Durotriges' main outlet for trade across the Channel, strong in the first half of the 1st century BC before drying up in the decades prior to the arrival of the Romans, was at Hengistbury Head. The numismatic evidence indicates a progressive debasing of the coinage suggesting economic difficulties in conjunction with their declining trade.

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*Alex

Perdikkas II, 451 - 413 BC. AR Heavy Tetrobol, struck 437 - 431 BC at Aigai in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Rider, wearing chlamys and kausia (an ancient Macedonian flat hat, also called a petasos), holding two spears on horse prancing right.
Reverse: No legend. Forepart of lion with straight lined truncation facing right, both paws visible; kerykeion (caduceus), placed horizontally, in left field above, all within incuse square.
Diameter: 15mm | Weight: 2.1gms | Die Axis: 6h
Sear GCV: 1491
Grainy surfaces | Rare (R2)

Perdikkas II features prominently in Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War, in which he is described as switching sides between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians several times.
The lion on the reverse of this coin alludes to the Nemean lion killed by Herakles who was claimed to be the ancestor of Perdikkas.

Perdikkas II was a member of the Argead dynasty which would rule Macedonia for almost 400 years.
The founder of the dynasty, Perdikkas I, had led the people who called themselves Macedonians eastward from their home on the Haliacmon River around 700 BC. Aegae (Edessa) became their capital, and by the reign of Amyntas I in the 6th century BC, Macedonian power dominated the neighbouring Thracian tribes and when Amyntas’ successor, Alexander I advanced the Macedonian frontiers eastward to the Strymon River their power was further increased.
After the death of Alexander I in 454, Macedonia began to fall apart, but around 450 BC Perdikkas II, who was Alexander I's son, came to the throne after having asserted his succession against his brothers. Perdikkas had four brothers, Alcetas II, Philip, Menelaus and Amyntas, he also had a sister, Stratonice. Alcetas II preceded him on the throne until he was murdered by Perdikkas' son Archelaus I resulting in Perdikkas' elevation to the throne. During his reign Perdikkas united the Greek cities of Chalcidice in a federation centred on the city of Olynthus.
Perdikkas II died in 413 BC leaving his son Archelaus as heir to the throne. Archelaus adopted a strongly philhellenic policy and introduced Greek artists to his new capital at Pella. He strengthened Macedonia by building roads and fortresses, improved army equipment, and encouraged city life. However, following his assassination in 399 BC, there was seven years of murder and anarchy until finally, around 393 BC, Amyntas III, a great-grandson of Alexander I, took the throne and, although his reign was filled with anarchy and intrigue, he successfully brought unity to Macedonia.

Aigai (also Aegae, Aegeae or Aigeai) was the original capital of the Macedonians and it was also the burial-place of the Macedonian kings. It was built on a site near the modern town of Vergina.1 comments*Alex

1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Dobunni, AR Unit, uninscribed seriesObverse: Degraded Celtic “Moon Head” facing right, pellets/symbols in front.
Reverse: Celticised triple tailed horse galloping left; cross above, pellets around.
Diameter: 13.0mm | Weight: 0.67gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: 377 | ABC 2024
RARE

THE DOBUNNI
The Dobunni were one of the few Iron Age tribes which issued coins before the arrival of the Romans. Their territory covered an area that today broadly coincides with the English counties of Bristol, Gloucestershire and the north of Somerset, although at times their territory may have extended into parts of what are now Herefordshire, Oxfordshire, Wiltshire, Worcestershire, and Warwickshire.
Remnants of several hillforts thought to have been occupied by the Dobunni can be seen in the Bristol area at Maes Knoll, Clifton Down, Burwalls and Stokeleigh, all overlooking the Avon Gorge, as well as at Kingsweston Down and Blaise Castle.
Unlike their neighbours, such as the Silures in what later became south-east Wales, the Dobunni were not a warlike people, being primarily a large group of farmers and craftspeople living in small villages. They submitted to the Romans even before they reached their territory, and after the Roman conquest they readily adopted a Romano-British lifestyle. The Romans gave the Dobunni capital the name of Corinium Dobunnorum, which is known as Cirencester today.

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*Alex

Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 BC. AE Hemiobol (4 Chalkoi). Struck 336 - 320 BC, possibly under Philip III at Miletus in Macedonia.Obverse: No legend. Head of Alexander the Great as Herakles, wearing lion-skin knotted at base of neck, facing right.
Reverse: AΛEΞANΔ•POY. Bow in Gorytos (a case for bow and quiver) above, club below. ΠΥΡ monogram control mark below club
Diameter: 18mm | Weight: 5.79gms | Die Axis: 3
Price: 0335

Alexander the Great reigned from 336 to 323 BC. Price supposes this coin to be a lifetime issue and Sear concurs stating that the issues that are more likely to be posthumous are the ones bearing the title BAΣIΛEOΣ. Thompson however, has proposed a posthumous date of 321 - 320 BC (Thompson series IV) based on the compound ΠΥΡ monogram used as a control mark.

It is difficult to interpret the die orientation in these issues because not only is it unclear what the Ancient Greeks would have considered "up" with respect to the reverse design but modern scholars are ambiguous on the subject as well. I have, however, assumed that the modern conventional orientation is with the name reading horizontally, and therefore have described my example as having a 3 o'clock orientation, the "top" of the reverse being aligned with the back of Herakles' head on the obverse.
1 comments*Alex

Claudius II Gothicus, 268-270 CE.Bronze Antoninianus, Minister 478
Obverse: DIVO CLAUVDIO, radiate head right.
Reverse: CONSECRATIO, garlanded altar with flames above, no decoration on front. 16.7 mm., 1.8 g.
Note: Although a variation of this coin is in the RIC and Cohen, these sources generally refer to the type with a front divided into four sections (RIC 261). This type of garlanded altar, lit altar was not described and published until the discovery of the Minister Hoard, discovered after RIC was written.
NORMAN K

2 Philip IPHILIP I
AE 29mm of Antioch, Syria.

O: AVTOK K M IOVLI FILIPPOC CEB, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust left

R: ANTIOXEWN METPO KOLWN D-E S-C, turreted, veiled & draped bust of Tyche right, ram jumping right above, star below.

SNGCop 271. BMC 531

F+
Sosius

29 ElagabalusELAGABALUS
AE 19mm of Antioch, Syria.

AVT KAI M AV ANTWNINOC, radiate head right. / SC within wreath, DE above, eagle standing right below.

SNG Cop 245. Ex Failla NumismaticsSosius

8. Maurice TiberiusMAURICE TIBERIUS
Half Follis, Rome Mint, 582-602 AD

DN MAVRICI TIb PP AV, Bust facing holding cross on globe / Large XX, cross above, ROM below

SB 587, DOC 283Sosius

Alexander II, ZebinaAE 21, Syria, Alexander II Zebina, ca. 128-123 BC, Obv: Alexander right. Rev: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, Athena standing by Nike, Epsilon Psi above, VF. Lindgren III, pl. 63, 1110, SC 2233, Hoover HGC 9, 1163 (C-S).1 commentsMolinari

Constantine II, AE3, Thessalonica, RIC VII, 157, 326-328 CE

Constantine II, AE3, 326-328, Thessalonica, Officina 4
Obverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C, Laureate, draped, cuirassed bust left
Reverse: PROVIDEN_TIAE CAESS, Campgate with six rows, two turrets, no doors, star above, top and bottom rows empty blocks
SMTSD in exergue
19.5mm, 2.7g
RIC VII, 157 nearly full silveringNORMAN K

Crispus, son of Constantine, Caesar 317-326 AD. Trier
Crispus AE3. 317-326 AD. IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate, cuirassed bust left, holding spear & shield / BEATA TRANQVILLITAS, globe on altar inscribed VOT/IS/XX, 3 stars above, STR in ex. RIC VII 308,S Antonivs Protti

Divus Constantine I, Posthumous commemorative AE4, 337-341 CEObverse: DN CONSTANTI-NVS PT AVGG, veiled head right.
Reverse: No legend, the deified Constantine driving quadriga right, hand of god reaching down from above, star at upper left.
SMANS in ex. Antioch mint, 2nd officina. RIV VIII 37, 16.6 mm, 1.4 g.

It is ironic that Constantine, who tradition tells us was the first Christian emperor (although he only actually became one on his death bed), should have been honored with pagan deification and commemorated posthumously with traditional pagan symbolism as found on this coin. He was the last emperor to be so honored.
NORMAN K

EGYPT, Alexandria. Antoninus Pius.AD 138-161Drachm (33mm, 23.58 g, 12h). Zodiac series. Dated RY 8 (AD 144/5). AVT K TAI/ AAP ANTWNEINOC CEB EVC, laureate head right / Sun in Leo: Lion leaping right; above, radiate and draped bust of Helios (Sun) and eight-rayed star; L H (date) below. Good VF, untouched dark green patina with touches of red. One of the finest known examples for the type.

Alexandria saw an immense output of coinage during the eighth year of Antoninus Pius's reign. The Zodiac drachms, mythological types, and a host of issues for the nomes appeared that year. One explanation for this activity centers on the celebration of the renewal of the Great Sothic cycle, the point when the star Sothis (Sirius) rises on the same point on the horizon as the sun. This cycle of 1461 years began early in the reign of Pius in AD 139, and apparently prompted a renewal in the ancient Egyptian religion, while the coin types also stressed the connections to the Greco-Roman Pantheon.
Private collection of Mr. B. MazehBrahim M

Elagabalus, Antioch, SyriaCuirassed bust right / SC, D above, e below, all in wreath.ecoli

Maurice Tiberius. Bronze decanummium. 582-602 AD. AE 22mm Maurice Tiberius. Bronze decanummium. 582-602 AD.
Obv. crowned, draped and cuirassed bust facing
Rev. large I, cross above, star in left field, and officina letter ( epsilon ) in right field and with CON in exergue.Lee S

Rhodos, Carian Islands, c. 188 - 84 B.C.Silver hemidrachm, cf. SNG Keckman 642 ff. (various magistrates and control symbols)Dexikrates, Fine/Fair, scratches, underweight (perhaps imitative), 0.905g, 13.0mm, 135o, Rhodos (Rhodes) mint, c. 188 - 84 B.C.; obverse radiate head of Helios facing slightly right; reverse rose with bud to right, P-O in fields, magistrates name above,ΔΕΞΙΚΡΑΤΗΣ, control symbol lower left, all within a shallow square incuse;7 commentsRandygeki(h2)

ROME
PB Tessera (15mm, 2.37 g, 3 h)
Lion leaping right; S above, RV below
Dolpin right; S above, RV below
Rostowzew 604, fig. 47 var. (arrangement of letters)

Although it initially appears to be struck, close examination reveals that this piece was cast, with insufficient metal filling the mold.2 commentsArdatirion

IONIA, Ephesos
PB Tessera
Boar running right; [...]YX above, V below
Î”
Gülbay & Kireç -Ardatirion

UNITED STATES, Hard Times. Political issues.
CU Token (30mm, 11.19 g, 6h). Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Dated 1837
· (rosette) · EXECUTIVE · (rosette) ·/ EXPERIMENT. Turtle walking right, bearing chest labelled SUB/ TREASURY; 1837/ FISCAL AGENT · (rosette) ·
ILLUSTRIOUS · (rosette) ·/ PREDECESSOR. Mule leaping left; above, I FOLLOW/ IN THE, below, STEPS/ OF MY
Rulau HT 32; Low 18Ardatirion

UNITED STATES, Hard Times. Political issues.
CU Token (28.5mm, 10.36 g, 6 h). Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Dated 1837.
Laureate head of Liberty right; above, E. PLURIBUS UNUM on ribbon; thirteen stars around; 1837
MILLIONS FOR DEFENCE. Within wreath: NOT/ ONE/ CENT/ -/ FOR TRIBUTE
Rulau HT 48; Low 28Ardatirion

UNITED STATES, Hard Times. Political issues.
CU Token (28.5mm, 8.53 g, 12h). Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Struck 1837-1842.
· (rosette) · I TAKE THE · (rosette) ·/ RESPONSIBILITY, half length bust of Jackson emerging from chest, holding saber and money bag
· THE CONSTITUTION ·/ AS I UNDERSTAND IT. Mule standing left, LL.D on flank; above, ROMAN/ FIRMNESS; below, VETO
Rulau HT 72; Low 53

Ex Steve Hayden (20 July 2014), lot 429; Don Miller Collection; William Dunham Collection (B. Max Mehl, 3 August 1941), lot 26271 commentsArdatirion

UNITED STATES, Trade Tokens. New York, New York. John H. Dayton, Union Steam Washing.
CU Token (28.5mm, 9.85 g, 12 h) Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Dies by John Gibbs. Dated 1837
Laureate head of Liberty right; above, E. PLURIBUS UNUM on ribbon; thirteen stars around; 1837; c/m: small D above, '61' in white ink to left
* JAY. H. DAYTONS. UNION STEAM WASHING EST./ * 17th St. NEAR 5th AVENUE * NY/, WASHING/ DONE FOR/ SHIPS. ST BOATS/ HOTELS &/ PRIVATE FAMILIES
Rulau HT 249, Low 114

Ex Don Miller Collection; William Dunham Collection (B. Max Mehl, 3 August 1941), lot 2680Ardatirion

CANADA, Tokens. Bas (Lower) Canada. Montreal.
CU Sou Token
Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Struck 1837-1838.
AGRICULTURE & COMMERCE/ * BAS CANADA *, bouquet
UN/ SOU within wreath; TOKEN above, MONTREAL below
Charlton LC-24A1; Breton 679Ardatirion

CANADA, Tokens. Bas (Lower) Canada. Montreal.
CU Sou Token (27mm, 6.59 g, 12h)
Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Dies by John Gibbs. Struck 1838/9 or later.
AGRICULTURE & COMMERCE/ * BAS CANADA *, bouquet
UN/ SOU within wreath; TOKEN above, MONTREAL below
Charlton LC-27A1; Breton 710; Corteau 43BArdatirion

CANADA, Tokens. Bas (Lower) Canada. Montreal.
CU Sou Token (27mm, 6.79 g, 12h)
Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Dies by John Gibbs. Struck 1838/9 or later.
AGRICULTURE & COMMERCE/ * BAS CANADA *, bouquet
UN/ SOU within wreath; TOKEN above, MONTREAL below
Charlton LC-28; Breton 702; Corteau 29BArdatirion

CANADA, Tokens. Bas (Lower) Canada. Montreal.
CU Sou Token
Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Struck 1837-1838
AGRICULTURE & COMMERCE/ * BAS CANADA *, bouquet
UN/ SOU within wreath; TOKEN above, MONTREAL below
Charlton LC-29E1; Breton 697Ardatirion

CANADA, Tokens. Bas (Lower) Canada. Montreal.
CU Sou Token (28mm, 8.73 g, 11h)
Belleville (New Jersey) mint. Dies by John Gibbs. Struck 1838/9 or later.
AGRICULTURE & COMMERCE/ * BAS CANADA *, bouquet
UN/ SOU within wreath; TOKEN above, MONTREAL below
Charlton LC-32B; Breton 692; Corteau 32B

Ex G.F. Landon Collection (Moore Numismatic Auctions, 10 February 2015), lot 60 (part of)Ardatirion

UNITED STATES TOKENS, Civil War. Wooster, Ohio. James B. Childs
CU Token (19mm, 3.06 g, 6 h)
Thistle; UNITED WE STAND above, DIVIDED WE FALL below
JAMES B. CHILDS/ CLOTHING/ HATS, CAPS/ &/ TRUNKS/ WOOSTER OHIO
Rulau 975D-1aArdatirion

UNCERTAIN
PB Tessera (17mm, 3.45 g)
Capricorn right, cornucopia over shoulder; above, head right, confronted Є's below
Blank
Apparently unpublishedArdatirion

RIC.351 Rome commemorative (AE3, Vrbs Roma, Arles)Rome commemorative
AE3 (330-331, Arles mint, 2ond officine)

bronze, 17 mm diameter, 2.30 g, die axis: 6 h

A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above, [S]CONST* in exergue

Ferrando II 958 (C3)

RIC.abs Rome commemorative (AE4, Vrbs Roma, Arles, X)Rome commemorative
AE4 (339-340, Arles mint)

bronze, 14 mm diameter, 1.44 g, die axis: 6 h

A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above, X between them, PCON in exergue

The exergue may be PCON or PCONST. The lack of space and the dots on the visor of the helmet suggest it is rather PCON.

Ferrando II 979 (R1)

RIC.267 Rome commemorative (AE3, Vrbs Roma, Lyon)Rome commemorative
AE3 (333-334, Lyon mint)

bronze, 17 mm diameter, 1.90 g, die axis: 12 h

A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above, *PLC in exergue

RIC.542 Rome commemorative (AE3, Vrbs Roma)Rome commemorative
AE3 (332-333, Trèves mint)

bronze, 18 mm diameter, 2.60 g, die axis: 6 h

A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above, TR•P in exergue

S.2233 Henry VII Tudor (sovereign type penny, Durham)Henry VII Tudor, king of England (1485-1509) and Bishop Richard Fox
Sovereign type penny (mint: Durham)

A/ [hENRIC] DI [GRA RE]X A[NG]; king seated on throne with one pilar, holding scepter and orb
R/ [CIVI-TA]S-DIR-hAm; royal shield on cross, mitre above, D and R on the sides

silver, 0.55 g, diameter 15 mm, die axis 8h

"C" Denarius, Crawford 107/1a - My favorite CoinDenomination: Denarius
Era: c. 209-208 BC
Metal: AR
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma r. with splayed visor; “X” behind; Border of dots
Reverse: Dioscuri r.; Above, “C”; in linear frame, “ROMA”.
Mint: Etruia(?)
Weight: 4.44 gm.
Reference: Crawford 107/1a
Provenance: NAC 61; 25-OCT-2011, Privately purchased by RBW from CNG in 1989

Comments: This is one of my favorite coins. It is not high grade, neither the obverse nor the reverse is well centered. The dioscuri are really just blobs, and this coin would be overlooked in any sale but the NAC 61 sale of RBW’s finest and rarest coins, perhaps the greatest Roman Republican auction of our generation. Nevertheless, the coin has a lovely tone and a style that is very characteristic of this issue which is quite rare.

Unique to this variety and the related staff issue, are the braided locks extending from the helmet to the hair binding. The stars are simple dots above the dioscuri, and ROMA is cut into the die with very large letters with a very fine line tool. There has been much speculation on the significance of the “C” insignia, but few with any real merit.
1 comments

"C", larger head, Denarius, Crawford 107/1bDenomination: Denarius
Era: c. 209-208 BC
Metal: AR
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma r. with splayed visor; “X” behind; Border of dots
Reverse: Dioscuri r.; above, “C” symbol; in linear frame, “ROMA”.
Mint: Etruria(?)
Weight: 4.32 gm.
Reference: Crawford 107/1b
Provenance: Naville auction, 7-MAY-2017

Comments:
This type with a “C” symbol is of the same fundamental style as the staff symbol 106/3c. presumably both issues from the same mint. The type is somewhat scarce, but the most common of the three other “C” sub-varieties.
Near complete on a large flan, GVF.

"STAR OF BETHLEHEM", ANTIOCHSTRUCK 12-14 AD
AE 21 mm 7.36 g
O: LAUREATE HEAD OF ZEUS RIGHT
R: EPI SILANOU ANTIOCEWN
RAM LEAPING RIGHT, HEAD TURNED BEHIND, STAR ABOVE, DM BELOW (YEAR 44)
ANTIOCH, SYRIA (under the Romans, Legate Silanus)
RPC 4269, BMC Galatia 65 Scarce. 1 commentslaney

"STAR OF BETHLEHEM", ANTIOCHSTRUCK 12-14 AD
AE 19.5 mm 6.58 g
O: LAUREATE HEAD OF ZEUS RIGHT
R: EPI SILANOU ANTIOCEWN
RAM LEAPING RIGHT, HEAD TURNED BEHIND, STAR ABOVE, DM BELOW (YEAR 44)
ANTIOCH, SYRIA (under the Romans, Legate Silanus)
RPC 4269, BMC Galatia 65 Scarce. laney

(0198) CARACALLA198 - 217 AD
AE 25.5 mm 11.47 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Tyche seated left, holding cornucopia, with star above, and rudder(?)
Syria, Gabala; cf BMC 14laney

(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
struck 10 - 14 AD
AE Dupondius 26 mm, 12.91 g
O: IMP DIVI F P P, laureate heads of Agrippa wearing rostral crown left, and Augustus right, back-to-back;
R: COL NEM, crocodile right chained to palm tree, wreath with long ties above, two palms fronds below
Nemausus mint; cf. RIC I 159, RPC I 525, SRCV 17311 commentslaney

(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
struck 10 - 14 AD
AE Dupondius 27 mm, 12.5 g
O: IMP DIVI F P P, laureate heads of Agrippa wearing rostral crown left, and Augustus right, back-to-back;
R: COL NEM, crocodile right chained to palm tree, wreath with long ties above, two palms fronds below
Nemausus mint; cf. RIC I 159, RPC I 525, SRCV 1731laney

(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
struck 10 - 14 AD
AE Dupondius 28 mm max, 11.87 g
O: IMP DIVI F P P, laureate heads of Agrippa wearing rostral crown left, and Augustus right, back-to-back;
R: COL NEM, crocodile right chained to palm tree, wreath with long ties above, two palms fronds below
Nemausus mint; cf. RIC I 159, RPC I 525, SRCV 1731laney

(0218) ELAGABALUS218-222 AD
AE 33 mm 21.73 g
O: AVT K M AV ··· ANTÎ©NEI[NOC CE] Laureate bust right, slight drapery on left shoulder
R: ANTIOXEÎ©N M ÎšÎŸÎ› Î”Î• SC Tyche of Antioch seated left on rock outcropping holding grain ears; below, river-god Orontes swimming left, head right; above, ram with head right springing left; D-E above S-C
SYRIA, Seleucis and Pieria, Antiochia ad Orontem
Butcher 474a; SNG Copenhagen 251laney

(0218) ELAGABALUS218 - 222 AD
AE 16 mm, 3.01 g
O: Radiate, draped and cuirassed, seen from behind
R: Large SC, K above, A below; all within plain circle surrounded by laurel wreath of eight elements, with wreath fastened at top with garland.
Mcalee 798 (otherwise apparently unpublished); extremely rare.
Syria, Antiochlaney

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