| Image search results - "OTTOMAN" |
Ottoman akche
Suleiman 1 "Kanuni"
926/1520/---974/1566/Randygeki(h2)
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*IMITATION OTTOMAN Cedid MahmudiyeThis piece came in a bag of modern Foreign coins - 21 pounds! May be gold inside!!!
The dating did not seem right to me! From the experts at Zeno, I found a similar issue..... This attribution from Zeno:
Imitation of gold cedid mahmudiye (KM, Turkey #645) with distorted inscriptions and fantasy regnal year 78. Made for jewelry purposes throughout the 19th and early 20th century, very likely outside Turkey: similar imitations are met in abundance in South Russia and Ukraine, along the shores of Black and Azov seas, where they were widely used for adorning Gypsy and native Greek women's garments.
So, as you see, it is not exactly a FAKE or a COUNTERFEIT - it is an IMITATION, so the makers could not get into trouble. The regnal years alone would show that the coin was not "real" -
An interesting piece that may turn up from time to time!
dpaul7
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0760-0791 AH - Murad I - cf. N. Kabaklarli # 03-X-43 - Ottoman MangirSultan: Murad I (r. 1359-1389 AD)
Date: 1359-1389 AD (760-791 AH)
Condition: Fair
Denomination: Mangir
Obverse: Four curls separated by two colons in two rectangular boxes.
Reverse: Four curls separated by two colons in two rectangular boxes.
cf. N. Kabaklarli # 03-X-43
1.58g; 16.5mm; 135 or 315°Pep
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0855-0886 AH - Mehmed II - Valentine #38 - Ottoman MangirSultan: Mehmed II (r. 1444-1448 AD, 1451-1481 AD)
Date: 1451-1481 AD (855-886 AH)
Condition: Fair
Denomination: Mangir
Obverse: Muh bin (Murad)
Reverse: Kallad mulkah (Adrina)
Edirne (Adrina) mint
Valentine #38
1.37g; 14.0mm; 180°
Note: If I don't have this coin oriented correctly, please tell me how to. Thank you.Pep
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0926-0974 AH - Suleyman I - Kabaklarly 10 - Adr - 03 - Ottoman MangirSultan: Suleyman I (1520-1566 AD)
Date: 1520-1566 AD (926-974 AH)
Condition: aFine
Denomination: Mangir
Obverse: Two round-ended rectangles crossed, superimposed on a square with incurved sides.
Reverse: Arabic inscription.
926 AH
Edirne mint
Kabaklarly 10 - Adr - 03
2.66g; 15.9mm; 45°Pep
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0982-0983 AH - Murad III - Ottoman MangirSultan: Murad III (r. 1574-1595 AD)
Date: 1574-1576 AD (982 or 983 AH)
Condition: Fair
Denomination: Mangir
Obverse: Design
Reverse: Blank
Mint: Egypt
8.08g; 18.1mm; 4.77mm thick; ?°Pep
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1099-1102 AH - Suleyman II - 20-Qos-01 - Ottoman MangirSultan: Suleyman II (r. 1687-1691 AD)
Date: 1687-1691 AD (1099-1102 AH)
Condition: Fair/Fine
Denomination: Mangir
Obverse: Symbol of the Ottoman Empire
Reverse: doreb fi Qstantaniyyah
Struck at Qstantaniyyah (Kostantiniye)
Exergue: 1099 (Suleyman II's rule beginning 1099 AH (1687 AD))
20-Qos-01; Valentine #144; KM #87
1.51g; 19.3mm; 345°Pep
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1399 - 1413, Henry IV, AR Hardi d'Argent, Struck 1399 -1453 at Bordeaux, Aquitaine, FranceObverse: ERIC R ANGLIE ✤ Crowned and robed half-length figure of Henry facing under Gothic canopy, holding sword in right hand, left hand raised with finger pointing in benedictory position. Mullet over crown, rosette either side of crown. Rosette (marked in text by ✤) in legend.
Reverse: FRA-CIE ✤ DNS AQI ✤ Long cross collarino, pattée at the ends, extending through legend. Fleur de lis with roundel underneath in second and third quarters; lion passant, guardant in first and fourth quarters, roundel over lion in fourth quarter. Rosettes (marked in text by ✤) in legend.
Diameter: 18mm | Weight: 1.13gms | Axis 10h
SPINK: 8147 | Elias: 233h
Ex. Bazas Hoard | Ex. Jean Elsen (Belgium) | Scarce
The last series of these Anglo-Gallic coins was likely struck under more than one Henry and they have not currently been differentiated by ruler because the legends and types are generic. However, over time, Anglo-Gallic issues suffered from regular debasement and a deterioration in workmanship, the size, weight and quality of the strike of this coin would therefore all seem to point to it being an early example.
Henry IV
In 1399, Henry, Duke of Lancaster, overthrew his cousin, Richard II and took the throne as Henry IV, ruling until his death in 1413. Henry's first major problem as monarch was what to do with the deposed Richard. In January 1400, soon after an early assassination plot against Henry was foiled, Richard died in prison, allegedly of starvation. Though Henry was suspected of having had Richard murdered, it was also claimed that he took his own life.
Henry, also known as Henry Bolingbroke, was a grandson of Edward III and when he took the throne he asserted his grandfather's claim to the Kingdom of France. He founded the Lancaster branch of the House of Plantagenet and he was the first King of England since the Norman Conquest whose mother tongue was English rather than French.
Early in his reign, Henry hosted the visit of Manuel II Palaiologos, the only Byzantine emperor ever to visit England, and he gave monetary support to Manuel II to aid him against the Ottoman Empire.
Despite the example set by most of his recent predecessors, after their deaths, Henry and his second wife, Joan of Navarre, Queen of England, were buried not at Westminster Abbey but at Canterbury Cathedral, on the north side of Trinity Chapel and directly adjacent to the shrine of St Thomas Becket.
The Bazas Hoard
This hoard was discovered in May 2004 by a builder at Bazas in south West France when he was renovating a house. Bazas was a regional centre in the middle ages. The hoard consisted of a mixture of medieval coins which had been minted in Spain, Portugal, Italy, England, the Netherlands and various French duchies. Of the 1010 coins found, 157 were gold, 300 were silver and the remainder were billon. The oldest coin was a King Jean II franc from 1360 and the rarest coin was a gold castellano from the time of Henry IV of Castile, of which only one other example is known to exist.
Henry is depicted here standing in a similar pose to that shown on this coin.*Alex
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704a, Caligula, 16 March 37 - 24 January 41 A.D.Caligula, 37 - 41 AD, Ionia, Smyrna. AE 17mm. Klose, Smyrna 27a. RPC 2473. 2.89 gm. Fine. Menophanes, Aviola, Procos, 37-38 AD. Obverse: AION, laureate head right; Reverse: Nike holding wreath right. Ex Tom Vossen.
De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families
GAIUS (CALIGULA) (A.D. 37-41)
Garrett G. Fagan
Pennsylvania State University
Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (Caligula) was born on 31 August, A.D. 12, probably at the Julio-Claudian resort of Antium (modern Anzio), the third of six children born to Augustus's adopted grandson, Germanicus, and Augustus's granddaughter, Agrippina. Caligula was the Roman Emperor between A.D. 37-41). Unfortunately, his is the most poorly documented reign of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. The literary sources for these four years are meager, frequently anecdotal, and universally hostile.[[1]] As a result, not only are many of the events of the reign unclear, but Gaius himself appears more as a caricature than a real person, a crazed megalomaniac given to capricious cruelty. Although some headway can be made in disentangling truth from embellishment, the true character of the youthful emperor will forever elude us.
As a baby he accompanied his parents on military campaigns in the north and was shown to the troops wearing a miniature soldier's outfit, including the hob-nailed sandal called caliga, whence the nickname by which posterity remembers him. His childhood was not a happy one, spent amid an atmosphere of paranoia, suspicion, and murder. Instability within the Julio-Claudian house, generated by uncertainty over the succession, led to a series of personal tragedies.
When Tiberius died on 16 March A.D. 37, Gaius was in a perfect position to assume power, despite the obstacle of Tiberius's will, which named him and his cousin Tiberius Gemellus joint heirs. (Gemellus's life was shortened considerably by this bequest, since Gaius ordered him killed within a matter of months.) Backed by the Praetorian Prefect Q. Sutorius Macro, Gaius asserted his dominance. He had Tiberius's will declared null and void on grounds of insanity, accepted the powers of the Principate as conferred by the Senate, and entered Rome on 28 March amid scenes of wild rejoicing. His first acts were generous in spirit: he paid Tiberius's bequests and gave a cash bonus to the Praetorian Guard, the first recorded donativum to troops in imperial history.
The ancient sources are practically unanimous as to the cause of Gaius's downfall: he was insane. The writers differ as to how this condition came about, but all agree that after his good start Gaius began to behave in an openly autocratic manner, even a crazed one. The sources describe his incestuous relations with his sisters, laughable military campaigns in the north, the building of a pontoon bridge across the Bay at Baiae, and the plan to make his horse a consul. Their unanimous hostility renders their testimony suspect, especially since Gaius's reported behavior fits remarkably well with that of the ancient tyrant, a literary type enshrined in Greco-Roman tradition centuries before his reign. Further, the only eye-witness account of Gaius's behavior, Philo's Embassy to Gaius, offers little evidence of outright insanity, despite the antagonism of the author, whom Gaius treated with the utmost disrespect.
The conspiracy that ended Gaius's life was hatched among the officers of the Praetorian Guard, apparently for purely personal reasons. It appears also to have had the support of some senators and an imperial freedman. As with conspiracies in general, there are suspicions that the plot was more broad-based than the sources intimate, and it may even have enjoyed the support of the next emperor Claudius, but these propositions are not provable on available evidence. On 24 January A.D. 41 the praetorian tribune Cassius Chaerea and other guardsmen caught Gaius alone in a secluded palace corridor and cut him down. He was 28 years old and had ruled three years and ten months.
Whatever damage Tiberius's later years had done to the carefully crafted political edifice created by Augustus, Gaius multiplied it a hundredfold. When he came to power in A.D. 37 Gaius had no administrative experience beyond his honorary quaestorship, and had spent an unhappy early life far from the public eye. He appears, once in power, to have realized the boundless scope of his authority and acted accordingly. For the elite, this situation proved intolerable and ensured the blackening of Caligula's name in the historical record they would dictate. The sensational and hostile nature of that record, however, should in no way trivialize Gaius's importance. His reign highlighted an inherent weakness in the Augustan Principate, now openly revealed for what it was -- a raw monarchy in which only the self-discipline of the incumbent acted as a restraint on his behavior. That the only means of retiring the wayward princes was murder marked another important revelation: Roman emperors could not relinquish their powers without simultaneously relinquishing their lives.
Copyright © 1997, Garrett G. Fagan.
Published: De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families http://www.roman-emperors.org/startup.htm. Used by permission.
Ancient Smyrna
The 5,000 year-old city of Izmir is one of the oldest cities of the Mediterranean basin. The original city was established in the third millennium BC (at present day Bayraklı), at which time it shared with Troy the most advanced culture in Anatolia.
Greek settlement is attested by the presence of pottery dating from about 1000 BC. In the first millennium BC Izmir, then known as Smyrna, ranked as one of the most important cities of the Ionian Federation. During this period, it is believed that the epic poet Homer resided here.
Lydian conquest of the city around 600 BC brought this golden age to an end. Smyrna was little more than a village throughout the Lydian and subsequent sixth century BC Persian rule. In the fourth century BC a new city was built on the slopes of Mt. Pagos (Kadifekale) during the reign of Alexander the Great. Smyrna's Roman period, beginning in the first century BC, was its second great era.
In the first century AD, Smyrna became one of the earliest centers of Christianity and it was one of the Seven Churches of Revelation. Both Revelation and the Martyrdom of Polycarp indicate the existence of a Jewish community in Smyrna as early as the 1st and 2nd centuries AD. The letter to the church at Smyrna in Revelation indicates that the Christians were spiritually "rich" and apparently in conflict with the Jews (2:9).
The origins of the Christian community there, which was established in the 1st century, are unknown. Ignatius of Antioch stopped at Smyrna on his way to martyrdom in Rome in 107 AD, and he sent a letter back to the Christians there from later in his journey. Smyrna's bishop, Polycarp, was burned at the stake in Smyrna's stadium around 156 AD.
Byzantine rule came in the fourth century and lasted until the Seljuk conquest in 11th century. In 1415, under Sultan Mehmed Çelebi, Smyrna became part of the Ottoman Empire.
The city earned its fame as one of the most important port cities of the world during the 17th to 19th centuries. The majority of its population were Greek but merchants of various origins (especially Greek, French, Italian, Dutch, Armenian, Sephardi and Jewish) transformed the city into a cosmopolitan portal of trade. During this period, the city was famous for its own brand of music (Smyrneika) as well as its wide range of products it exported to Europe (Smyrna/Sultana raisins, dried figs, carpets, etc.).
Today, Izmir is Turkey's third largest city and is nicknamed "the pearl of Aegean." It is widely regarded as the most Westernized city of Turkey in terms of values, ideology, gender roles, and lifestyle.
© 2005-08 Sacred Destinations. All rights reserved.
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/turkey/izmir-history.htm
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
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BCC G30 Ottoman Seal StoneIslamic Gem Stone
Caesarea Maritima
Ottoman Empire ca. 1797 CE
Uncertain ornate Arabic inscription
inscribed in the negative in three lines.
First line may read مطر اول, (matar awl,
"first rain"?). Middle line may read شاكر
عبده, (Shaker Abduh), a personal name.
Third line may read توفيق (Tawfiq) a
personal name which may also be translated
as "success", and حق يا رب, (haqa ya rabi,
meaning "Right Lord"?) or some type of
prayer. Possible date in lower line: ١٢١٢
(1212 AH=1797 CE). Flat rectangular
slab of very dark green jasper or jadite?
1.8 x 1.7 x 0.28cm. Weight: 2.03gm
Surface find, Caesarea Maritima, 1978
J. Berlin Caesarea Collection
(click for larger pic, corrections or additional
information appreciated)v-drome
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BCC IS5 Mahmud II Ottoman EmpireIslamic-Ottoman Empire
Mahmud II 1808-1855 CE
1/4 Zer-i Mahbub
Obv:Tughra of Sultan
Rev:ZURIBA FI QUSTANTINIYA
1223, regnal year 9
(minted in Constantinople
year 1223/9 AH=1816 CE)
AU13.5mm. 0.78gm. Axis:0
Surface find from the beach near
Caesarea Maritima, 1975.
J. Berlin Caesarea Collectionv-drome
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BCC IS7 Sultan Abdul Hamid IOttoman Empire
Sultan Abdul Hamid I
1774-1789 CE Egypt
Obv:Tughra (Sultan’ s Monogram)
Rev: ضرب في مصر سنة ١١٨٧
ZURIBA FI MISR SANAT 1187
(minted in Egypt year) 1187 HA
(1774 CE)
AR15mm. 0.22g. Axis:60
Surface find Caesarea Maritima, 1972
This is an incredibly thin coin. The images show
through on both sides. I am not sure if this is
because it is so thin or if there was a striking error
involved.v-drome
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Bulgaria, Second Empire, Vidin Kingdom. Ivan Stratsimir (1356-1396)Dimnik & Dobrinić 11/10.1.3; Raduchev & Zhekov 1.14.6; cf. Youroukova & Penchev 107; Ljubić III, 2; cf. Moushmov 7542.
AR Groši/grosh (described in older references as a half groši/grosh); Third Chronological Group, variant B; Vidin mint; struck circa 1380-1385; .74 g., 17.52 mm. max., 0°
Obv.: Nimbate bust of Christ with cross within halo, raising right hand in benediction and holding Gospel book in left hand, IC - XC (= Jesus Christ) across field, all within beaded circle, abbreviated legend +IW СRАЦИМИР ЦРББ (= Ivan Stratsimir Tsar of the Bulgars).
Rev.: Nimbate Ivan Stratsimir wearing domed crown seated facing, holding scepter decorated with a lily forming a trefoil (with the lily depicted in heraldic manner; i.e., the central petal stands upright but the side petals bend downward) in his right hand and an akakia in his left, axe between his feet, abbreviated legend +IW СRАЦИМИР ЦРББ (= Ivan Stratsimir Tsar of the Bulgars).
Ivan Alexander divided his kingdom between his two sons. Ivan Stratsimir received Vidin. In 1365, the Hungarian King Louis I of Anjou captured Vidin. Sratsimir and his family were held captive in Croatia for four years but in 1369 Sratsimir was restored to his throne under Hungarian overlordship. After the Ottoman invasion in 1388, he was forced to acknowledge Ottoman overlordship and garrisons. In 1396 Sratsimir and his subjects aligned themselves with the anti-Ottoman Crusade led by the Hungarian king Sigismund of Luxemburg. The crusade ended in disaster at the battle of Nikopol on September 25, 1396. By the end of 1397 Sultan Bayezid I approached Vidin and, assured by the promise of his safety, Ivan Stratsimir came out to meet him. On the order of Bayezid I, Ivan Stratsimir was arrested and conveyed to Bursa, while the Sultan confiscated the contents of the Vidin treasury. Sratsimir's fate is unknown. Vidin was likely annexed by the Ottoman Empire in 1397, but at least part of the realm remained under the control of Sratsimir's son and heir Constantine II.
Stkp
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Claudio II, radiato barbarico (minimus o conio Felicissimus). Ex William Turner Collection (1792-1867)Claudius II Gothicus
Radiato imitativo (minimus), zecca non ufficiale (originale zecca di Roma), circa 270 d.C.
AE, 0,817 gr, 12,5 mm, 0°, F
D/ DIVO CLAVDIO, testa radiata a dx
R/ CONSECRATIO, altare fiammeggiante
cf SRCV III 11462 and RIC V 261 (ufficiale, zecca di Roma)
Provenienza: ex William Turner Collection, lotto 396 (questa moneta). Acquisita da Turner tra il 1812 e il 1817. Collezione lasciata in eredità nel 1867 al figlio Mansfield Turner, morto nel 1901. Poi rimasta in famiglia e dispersa dal pronipote di William Turner nel 1987. Ex Alex G Malloy collection, New York. Ex FAC, Morehead City, Usa. Acquisita nell'aprile 2012.
NOTA: peso e diametro sono compatibili con le coniazioni "barbariche minime", ma la qualità delle immagini e delle iscrizioni oltreché la provenienza mediorientale (la moneta è entrata nella collezione Turner tra il 1812 e il 1820 durante la sua permanenza nell'Impero Ottomano) inducono a considerare questo antoniniano come prodotto dalle zecche non ufficiali romane all'epoca di Felicissimus, regnante Aureliano.paolo
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Coin Weight for Hungarian Ducat (=aranyforint = gulden)AE 13 mm x 14 mm x 1.5 mm; original weight 3.5 gr.
Withers, P. and B.R., "Lions, Ships & Angels: The Galata Guide to Identifying Coin-Weights Found in Britain" (1995 & 2nd ed. revised 2011), p. 29 (per the dealer's flip).
Obv: Crowned St. Lászlo (= Ladislaus) standing facing, holding long cross in right hand and globus cruciger in left, flanked by H-D (= Hungaricus Ducatus), all in a beaded circle.
Rev: Blank.
The Hungarian aranyforint was struck in great quantities and circulated widely throughout Europe, so that they are found as far afield as England and Scotland. As many currencies circulated throughout Europe, coin weights were sold in boxed sets containing weights for a wide variety of coins that a merchant may encounter, together with a scale.
The obverse devise on this weight is similar to the medieval depiction of St. Lászlo which continuously appeared on the aranyforint from the reign of Lajos I (1342-1382) through the reign of Lajos II (1516-1526), and after the defeat of Hungary by the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Mohács, on the ayanyforints of János Szapolyai (1526-1540), but not on those of his Habsburg rival, Ferdinand I (1526-1564), or on those of the subsequent Habsburg kings of Hungary (the depiction of St. Lászlo on the Habsburg coins, and even on some of the later Jagiellon issues, was in a Renaissance style). The devise on the weight differs from that on the aranyforint primarily in that (a) St. Lászlo is holding a long cross rather than a halberd; and (b) St. Lászlo is not nimbate (although he is not consistently nimbate on the later Jagiellon issues and is not nimbate on the issues of János Szapolyai). The style of this weight suggests that it was manufactured pre- Mohács, and according to Withers, it was made in Germany during the 1400’s to 1500’s (Note: I am reliant upon the dealer’s flip for this information, as I have not been able to obtain Withers). However, a number of similarly styled coin weights issued by Antwerp masters who were active in the mid to late 1500’s (i.e., Bernaert Foncq (active 1550-1578), his son, Hans Foncq (active 1577-1603) and Rogier Verpoorten (active ca. 1580 and later)) indicates that the medieval St. Lászlo continued to appear on coin weights even after that style had become obsolete on the actual coins. presenting the possibility that this weight may have been manufactured post-Mohács.Stkp
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Constantine the Great, early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.AE 3: RIC VI 282, 312-313 AD, 3.3 g, 22 mm; London, EF; Obverse: IMP CONSTANTINVS P AVG, Laureate draped cuirassed bust right; Reverse: SOLI INV-IC-TO COMITI, Sol standing facing, right hand raised, globe in left hand, PLN in ex., star in left field; an attractive bronze with great detail. Ex Ancient Imports.
As I have noted elsewhere, I have chosen the date 395 AD, with the emperor Arcadius, to mark the beginning of the Byzantine Empire in my collection.
That said, it seems appropriate to display a couple of coins struck for the man whose decision made Byzantium possible. As historian John Julius Norwich has writen, “The Byzantine Empire, from its foundation by Constantine the Great on Monday, 11 May 330 to its conquest by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II on Tuesday, 29 May 1453, lasted for a total of 1,123 years and 18 days – a period of time comfortably longer than that which separates us from the Norman conquest of England in 1066. For everyone except astronomers and geologists, such a period must be considered a long time . . ." (Norwich, John Julius. A Short History of Byzantium. New York: Vintage Books, 1999. xxxvii).
Flavius Valerius Constantinus, Constantine the Great, is as controversial as he is "great."
From John Julius Norwich:
"The first thing to be said is that no ruler in all history--not Alexander nor Alfred, not Charles nor Catherine, not Fredrick nor even Gregory--has ever more fully merited his title of "the Great . . . [he has] a serious claim to be considered--excepting only Jesus Christ, the Prophet Mohammed and the Buddha--the most influential man who ever lived" (Norwich, John Julius. The Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean. New York: Doubleday, 2006. 50-1).
From Michael Grant:
". . . But he was also murderous, and the many whom he murdered, or executed, included not only his rival Licinius (to whom he had promised survival) but also his own eldest son and his own second wife Fausta. There is no excusing those deaths, at any time or in any society . . . There are, and remain, certain absolute standards, and by his death-dealing Constantine offended signally against them. . . It is a mocking travesty of justice to call such a murderer Constantine the Great . . . (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix Press, 1998. 226).
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
Cleisthenes
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EGYPT - Ottoman Empire, Abdul Hamid IEGYPT - Ottoman Empire, Abdul Hamid I, Billon Para, 1781. KM #121.dpaul7
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Holed Coin - e - Islamic Ottoman - Mahmud IICOIN
“State”: Islamic, Ottoman Empire
Issuer: Mahmud II, 6 kurush coin
Mint: Constantinople / Qustantiniya
Date: 1808 (AH 1223)
Obverse: Tughra surrounded by four flowers.
Reverse: Name of Sultan over date, surrounded by 5 flowers.
Weight/Diameter/Die Axis: 6.0 g; 33 mm; 12h.
Ref: MCIW: 1308
HOLE(S)
#: two
Location (obverse): 4h
Type: small round, punched
From: obverse
Dimensions: 2 mm and 1.2 mm
NOTES
This large but thin (0.9 mm) silver coin is pierced with two holes. It is unclear if they were done at the same time or if the larger replaced the smaller which has a partially torn edge. The coin is quite worn. Such coins were worn by women in the idle East until quite recently. This coin was purchased in Sarajevo, Bosnia.
SC
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HUNGARY - Matthias CorvinusHungary Mathias I Corvinus (1458-90) AR Denar. Rethy 2-239B About VF. 6 g. 16mm.
**ERROR IN LEGEND: "+M.MATHIE.R.NVGARIE/PATRON VNGARIE" --
NVGARIE engraved in error. RAR!
Mathias Corvinus was a famous Hungarian King in history - He is known as the King who imprisoned Count Vlad Dracul -
Vlad the Impaler,otherwise known as "Dracula" - and then sent him back to Wallachia and Transylvania to counter the advancing Ottoman armies.dpaul7
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Imperio Otomano - Mehmed II, 2nd reign (855-886/1451-1481)Muhammad b. Murád khán
AE Mangir 13 mm 1.5 gr.
Acuñada: 857 AH / 1453 D.C.
Ceca: Edirne (también llamada por su antigua denominación, Adrianópolis o Hadrianopolis) situada al noroeste de la Turquía europea, no lejos de las fronteras con Grecia y Bulgaria. Adrianópolis cayó en poder de los turcos otomanos, que la convirtieron en su capital bajo el nombre de Edirne hasta 1453, fecha en que fue trasladada hasta la recién caída Constantinopla
Referencias: Valentine #29 - Necdet Kabaklarli, Mangir (Copper Coins of Ottoman Empire), Istanbul, 1998 # 07-Adr-08/18.mdelvalle
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Imperio Otomano - Süleyman I (926-974 AH / 1520-1566 D.C.)AE Mangir 11 mm 1.3 gr.
Anv: Ornamento Floral - Sin Leyenda.
Rev: leyenda "Fulus (Moneda de cobre) tish eyyede (Ayuda exterior) (9)_5(Fecha de acuñación, en este caso único número visible el último 5, Posiblemente la fecha sea 955 AH)". La tradución de la leyenda sería aproximadamente "Los impuestos pagados al llegar al lugar ayuda exterior"??.
Acuñada: 955 AH / 1549 D.C.
Ceca: No conocida
Referencias: Necdet Kabaklarli, Mangir (Copper Coins of Ottoman Empire), Istanbul, 1998 # 10-Z-15 Pag.390 mdelvalle
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ISLAMIC944 AH = 1537 AD
AE 12.5 X 13.5 mm; 1.04 g
Ottomanlaney
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ISLAMIC, Ottoman Mustafa IIIOttoman Mustafa III
AU Half Zir-i mahbub. Tunis year 1187 h.
wt. 1.21 g D.: 14.5 mm
Mustafa III ibn Ahmad II (1171-1187 h. 1757-1774 AD)
Obv. Sultan/al-barrayn wa bahrayn/ Sultan Mustafa/ Khan azza nasrahu
Rev. Mint place and dateTanit
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Kyme, Aiolis, c. 320 - 250 B.C.Kyme was conquered by Croesus, king of Lydia, and ruled successively by the Persians, Macedonians, Seleucids, and Pergamenes. Attalus III, the last king of Pergamum, bequeathed Aeolis to Rome in 133 B.C. Shortly afterward, it was made part of the Roman province of Asia. Aeolis was under Byzantine rule until the early 15th century, when the Ottoman Turks occupied the area.
GB88291. Bronze AE 17, BMC Troas p. 109, 50 var. (same magistrate, monogram variant), SNGvA 1629 var. (same), SNG Munchen 476 var. (same), SNG Cop -, SNG Tübingen -, VF, brown tone, porous, Kyme (near Nemrut Limani, Turkey) mint, weight 4.986g, maximum diameter 16.7mm, die axis 0o, c. 320 - 250 B.C.; obverse forepart of a bridled horse right, KY upper left, ΠE∆IEYΣ (magistrate's name) below; reverse one-handled vase, monogram left; ex Frascatius Ancient Coins.Mark R1
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Mahmud I Zeri MahbubOttoman Empire, Mahmud I, AH 1143 / AD 1730. Zeri Mahbub (Gold, 18 mm, 2.63 g, 11 h), Istanbul.
Obv: Toughra; small arabesque between two arrows to right, mint and date below.
Rev: Name and titles in four lines.
Reference: KM 222, Pere 555.
Condition: Near extremely fine.
Nomos AG.
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Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire, AR 20 para, 1808 ADMahmud II
Ottoman Empire
AR 20 para – 1223 AH
1808 ADArdatirion
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Mamluk (Burji). Khushqadam (al-Zahir Abu Sa`id Khushqadam) (865-872 A.H. = 1461-1467 A.D.)Balog 798 Plate XXXV 798; SICA v. VI 1498; Album 1022
AE fals; Halab/Aleppo mint, undated; 3.51 g., 20.42 mm. max., 270°
Obv.: No border. Clockwise marginal legend: السلطان الملك الظاهر ابو سعيد (=alsultan al-Malik al-Zahir 'Abu Sa'id). Inner circle with خشقد / م (= __/Khushqadam) in center.
Rev.: No border. Clockwise marginal legend: (السلطان الملك الظاهر (ابو سعيد (= al-Sultan al-Malik al-Zahir). Inner circle with بØلب (= bi-Halab) in center.
Khushqadam, possibly of Greek origin from the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, became sultan when Sultan Ahmad was deposed. His reign was marked by clashes with the Ottoman Empire. He died of dysentery after almost seven years in office.
Attribution courtesy of Alex Koifman.Stkp
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Mehmed II AU 55OTTOMAN. Mehmed II, Silver Akce, AH 855-886, 2nd Reign SRukke
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Mehmed II AU 58OTTOMAN. Mehmed II, Silver Akce, AH 855-886, 2nd Reign, SRukke
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Mehmed II Fatih - The Conqueror of Constantinople 1444-1481 A.D.OTTOMAN/TURKEY: MEHMED II FATIH, THE CONQUEROR OF CONSTANTINOPLE [AH 848-886 / 1444-1481 AD], AR AKCHE, 10mm, 1.0gm.; Mint: AYASLUK (EPHESUS/EPHESOS), dated in AH 855/1451 AD. MEHMED BIN MURAD HAN AZZE NASRUHU 855 / HULLIDE MULKUNU DURIBE AYASLUKb70
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Mehmed II The ConquerorAkce
Constantinople mint, 1471 AD.
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Ottoman (1507 or 1517)Akce, AR, 10mm
Mehmed II
AH875 or AH865.
Obv: (Mehme)d bin/ (Murad) han/azze nasara/ (875)
Rev: (hulledü)/(mül)ke (d)arebe/Serez
Daniel F
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OTTOMAN - Anonymous IssueOTTOMAN - Anonymous Issue, c. AD 1447-1512. AE manghir - Tireh mint. Ex-Ardatirion collection.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN - Murad IIOTTOMAN - Murad II (1421-1451 AD) AR Akche, 12 mm, 1.14 g. Erdine mint, 734 AH.dpaul7
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Ottoman - Sultan Mahmud I - Tunisbillon 2 kharub piece from Tunis, struck in 1153H/ 1740-41 AD in the name of the Ottoman sultan Mahmud I (1143-1168H/ 1730-1754 AD), KM 44.2 in the Krause 18th century catalogue.
Obv: Sultan Mahmud
Rev: Tunis 1153Tanit
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Ottoman -Sultan Mahmud I - Tunisbillon 2 kharub piece from Tunis, struck in 1153H/ 1740-41 AD in the name of the Ottoman sultan Mahmud I (1143-1168H/ 1730-1754 AD), KM 44.2 in the Krause 18th century catalogue.
Obv: Sultan Mahmud
Rev: Tunis 1153Tanit
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Ottoman -Sultan Mahmud I - Tunisbillon 1 kharub piece from Tunis, struck in 1167H/ 1754 AD in the name of the Ottoman sultan Mahmud I (1143-1168H/ 1730-1754 AD),
Obv: Sultan Mahmud
Rev: Tunis 1167Tanit
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Ottoman AV Sultani Mehmet II 883AH/1478AD QustantaniyyeThe other side of the story. This coin is one of the first coins minted in "Istanbul" by the Ottoman Empire. The coin was minted under Mehmet II who is also known as"The Conquerer" hence his title in Turkish which is Fatih Sultan Mehmet. Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1453AD and consequently the Byzantine Empire fell. This coin is the second series of this type. The first one was minted in 882AH and this one is just one year after it. Before 1477AD there were no Ottoman Gold coins minted in Istanbul, however some coins from other mints circulated there. I chose this coin because it is on exceptional state. A specimen of this coin which was bent, holed cut and very worn has recently sold for 350 Euros. This coin is rare and expensive.Istinpolin
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Ottoman EmpireAR Akce
Top left - Bayezid II 886 AH. Mint Novar., 0.68g
Top right - Selim II. 918 AH.,Edirne Mint., 0.64g
Bottom - Mehmed III. 1003 AH.,Belgrad Mint., 0.28gMat
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - ABDUL HAMID IAbdul Hamid I 1187 AH (1774 AD) Silver Para 14 mm, 0.31 g. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Abdul AzizOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Abdul Aziz (1861-1876) copper 10 Para, year 4 (1864). Reference: KM-700.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Ahmed IIIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Ahmed III (1703-1730 AD) Silver para, accesssion date 1115 AH (1703 AD) 14 mm, 0.56 g. Constantinople mint. KM#139.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Bayezid IOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Bayezid I (1389-1402) AR Akche. Dated AH 792, no mint (as usual). dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Bayezid IIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Bayezid II (1481-1512) AR Akche, Novar mint. Dated AH 886 (1481). dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Bayezid IIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Bayezid II (1481-1512) AR Akche, Constantinople mint. Date not visible. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - IBRAHIM I - 1640-1648IBRAHIM I - 1640-1648, silver Akche, 9 mm. Constantinople mint. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - MAHMUD IITurkey, Ottoman Empire - Mahmud II (1808-1839) AR 6 Kurush. KM#603. Dated accesson date 1123 AH - Year 32.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 1st ReignOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 1st Reign (1444-1446). AR Akche, dated 848 AH (1444 AD). Serez Mint. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 2nd ReignOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 2nd Reign (1451-1481). AR Akche, 865 AH (1461 AD). Serez Mint. Reference: Nuri Pere #86.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 2nd ReignOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 2nd Reign (1451-1481) AR Akche, dated 855 AH (1451). Serez Mint. Reference: Mitchener #1246.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 2nd ReignOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mehmed II 2nd Reign (1451-1481) AR Akche, dated 855 AH (1451). Serez Mint. Reference: Mitchener #1246.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - MURAD IISilver Ottoman Akche Murad II 1421-1451 AD, 12 mm, 1.14 g. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Murad IIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Murad II 1ST REIGN (1421-1451) AR Akche. 12 mm, 1.12 g. Serez mint. Dated 1430.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Murad IIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Murad II, 1st reign 824-848/1421-1444. AE Manghir. Mint is Bursa, date is 836. Reference:
Necdet Kabaklarli "Mangir" type II 06-Br-11.
THANKS to J. Berta for the attribution!dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Murad IIMurad II, 1st reign 824-848/1421-1444. AE Manghir. Adrane mint. Reference: Compare Kabaklarli "Mangir" 06-Adr-18.
Thanks to J. Berta for the identification!dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - MURAD II - 1ST REIGNOTTOMAN EMPIRE - MURAD II - 1ST REIGN (1421-1444) Silver Akce, Mint Date: 1421 (AH 825). Mint Bursa (Turkey). Obverse: Accession date (825) above Tughra (state seal) of the Sultan. All within circle and pearl border. Reverse: Titles above mint name (Bursa). All within circle and pearl border. Diameter: 15mm, Weight: 1.12gm. Reference: Jem Sujltan #369; Pere 53.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Murad IIIOTTOMAN EMPIRE -- Murad III (1574-1595) AR Dirhem (Onluk). Accession date A.H. 982. Aleppo mint. 3.71 g. c. 20 mm. Thanks to Manzikert for attribution!dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Musa ChelebiOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Interregnum Period (1402-1413) Sultan Musa Chelebi (1410-1413), AR Akche, 813 AH, (c, 1410 AD), Erdine mint. Album lists this coin as RR. Sultan 302.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mustafa IOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mustafa I (Second Reign - 1622-1623) AR Onluk. Fine, reverse has permanent marker on it that the collector used to aid in reading the coin. This should be removeable with no problems, but I chose to leave it on... For me, these coins are difficult enough to read! Size: 16 mm. Scarce!
dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mustafa IIIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Mustafa III (1757-1774) Para, 1764. (Year 8). KM-296. Constantinople mint. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Selim IOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Selim I "The Grim" (1512-1520) AR Akche, Novar mint. Reference: A-1315.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - SELIM IIISelim III silver para 1204 AH (1790AD) 8th YEAR mm, 0.27 g. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Selim IIIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Selim III (1203-1222 AH/1789-1807 AD) AR Para, Year 2 (1790) Islamabul mint. 14 mm, 0.30 g. KM#486.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Suleiman IOTTOMAN EMPIRE - Suleiman I (1520-1566) AR Akche. Dated AH-926. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Suleiman I OTTOMAN EMPIRE - Suleiman I (1520-1566) AR Akche. Dated AH-926. dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - SULEIMAN IIOTTOMAN EMPIRE - SULEIMAN II (1687-1691) Cu Mangir, 1687, Constantinople mint. Reference: KM#87.2.dpaul7
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OTTOMAN EMPIRE - SULEIMAN II OTTOMAN EMPIRE - SULEIMAN II (1687-1691) Cu Mangir, 1687, Constantinople mint. Reference: KM#87.2.dpaul7
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Ottoman Empire. Bayezid I Yildirim (“the Thunderbolt”) (791-805 A.H. = 1389-1402 A.D.)Album 1291, Sreckovic I 3.
AR akche dated 792 A.H. = 1390 A.D. (immobilized date), no mint, 13.5-15 mm.
Obv: Bayezid bin / Murad [= Bayezid son of Murad], in two lines within circle, divided horizontally by a straight line.
Rev: Hullide Mülkehn [May his kingdom flourish] /sene [= year] / 792, in three lines within circle and pearl border, with the second line designed as a divider line.Stkp
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Ottoman Empire. Mehmet II el-Fatih (“the Conqueror”) (2nd reign; 855-886 A.H. = 1451-1481 A.D.)Album 1308.3, Sreckovic III 134, Sultan type 3-180.
AR akche dated 875 A.H. = 1470/71 A.D., Constantinople (Konstantiniye) mint, 11-12 mm.
Obv: Mehmed bin / Murad han / azze nasruhu / 875 (= Mehmed son of / Lord Murad / may his victory be glorious / 875), pellet in field, all within a circle.
Rev: khallada / mulkahu duriba be / Konstantiniye (may his kingdom / flourish, struck in / Constantinople), within a circle.Stkp
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Ottoman Empire. Murad II (1st reign; 824-848 A.H. = 1421-1444/45 A.D.)Album 1302.3, Sreckovic I 52 (obverse C*x, reverse VI), Pere 59.
AR akçe dated 834 A.H. = 1430/31 A.D., Edirne (formerly Adrianople) mint, 13-14 mm.
Obv: Murad bin / Mehmed Han [= Murad son of Mehmed Han] in upper and lower semicircles, 83 on left / 4 on right [= 834 A.H.], star in center, all within an encircling line and pearl border.
Rev: Hullide Mülkühü [an abbreviated form of Halledallahü Mülkehü used on smaller coins = God protects the ruler’s property] in upper semicircle / Duri be Edirne [= minted in Edirne] in lower semicircle, all within an encircling line and pearl border.
The word “akçe” is derived from the Greek aspron (= white), the name of a Byzantine silver or billon coin, that was current in the region that eventually became the Ottoman Empire. The akçe is therefore sometimes called “asper” in English sources. When this coin was minted, there were 260 akçes per 100 dirhams and the nominal weight of the akçe was 1.18 gr. Pamuk, Sevket. A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire (Cambridge University Press 2004), Table 3.1 at 46.
References: Album, Stephen A. A Checklist of Islamic Coins (Santa Rosa 1998); Sreckovic, Slobodan. Akches Vol. One, (Osman Gazi – Murad II), 699-848 A.H. (Belgrade 1999); Pere, Nuri. Osmanlilarda Madeni Paralar (Istanbul 1968).
Attribution assistance courtesy of Slobodan Sreckovic and Don RobinsonStkp
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Ottoman Empire. Bayezid I Yildirim (“The Thunderbolt") (791-805 A.H. = 1389-1402 A.D.)Album 1292
AE manghir; no mint, undated; 3.10 g., 19.76 mm. max, 180° (left image is upside down)
Obv: Arabic legend and pentagram flanked by pellets in triangular formations within circle, divided horizontally by three straight lines.
Rev: Arabic legend in two lines divided by three straight lines.Stkp
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Ottoman Empire: Uncertain ruler, Æ Mangir, Bursa (Ölçer 114-20)Obv: Floral pattern
Rev: Mint
Quant.Geek
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Ottoman MangirOttoman AE Mangir
Misr Mint.Tanit
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Ottoman Mustafa IIIAE - Tunis year 1187 h.
D.: 14.5 mm
Mustafa III ibn Ahmad II (1171-1187 h. 1757-1774 AD)
Obv. Sultan/ Mustafa
Rev. Mint place and dateTanit
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Ottoman Mustapha IslamicTanit
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Ottoman Mustapha TunisTanit
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Ottoman Suleyman IIAE Mangir Suleyman II Trablus mint ( Tarabulus Gharb modern Tripoli in Libya)
Date is 1100AH.
rareTanit
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Ottoman, Bayazid I (791-804 AH, 1389-1402 A.D.), AR Akce, Album 1291. Damali 4-G1a-792.Ottoman, Bayazid I (791-804 AH, 1389-1402 A.D.), AR Akce, Album 1291. Damali 4-G1a-792.
avers:-
revers:-
exe: , diameter: 11-12mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Edirne, date: 792 AH (1390 A.D.), ref: Michiner-1239, Album 1291. Damali 4-G1a-792.
Q-001quadrans
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Ottoman, Murad I (763-791 AH, 1362 - 1389 A.D.), AR Akce, Album 1289., Nuri Pere 8; Numos Typ 3.,Ottoman, Murad I (763-791 AH, 1362 - 1389 A.D.), AR Akce, Album 1289., Nuri Pere 8; Numos Typ 3.,
avers: Naskh legend, ornaments above and below: Murad bin | Orhan.
revers: Naskh legend: khallada | mulkahu (May his kingdom | flourish).
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Uncertain mint, date: Third series, 783-91 AH, 1381-9 A.D., ref: Album 1289., Nuri Pere 8; Numos Typ 3., Srećković. 13; Sultan type 2 var. (dots).
Q-001
quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #01Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #01
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), two dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.2
Q-001quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #02Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #02
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), two dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.2
Q-002quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #03Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #03
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), two dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.2
Q-003quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #04Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #04
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), two dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.2
Q-004quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #05Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #05
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), two dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.2
Q-005quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #06Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.2, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #06
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), two dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.2
Q-006quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.?, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #07Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.?, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #07
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), ? dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.?
Q-007quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.?, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #08Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.?, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #08
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), ? dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.?
Q-008quadrans
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Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.?, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #09Ottomans, Suleyman II, AE Mangir, KM# 87.?, Constantinople (Qustantinya) #09
avers: Toughra,
revers: Inscription, including date and mint (Constantinople), ? dots left of the date.
exe: , diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Constantinople (Qustantinya), date: 1099 AH (1688 A.D.), ref: KM# 87.?
Q-009quadrans
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Pisidia, Parlais. Julia Domna. Cult Image of MenParlais, Pisidia. Julia Domna. 20mm and 4.0gm. Reverse IVL AVG COL PARLAIS. Men stg. facing, holding sceptre and pine-cone, foot set on bucranium.
As a Roman colony it was called Julia Augusta Parlais, and money was coined under this title. Ptolemy calls it Paralais and places it in Lycaonia (Eckhel, "Historica veterum nummorum", III, 33.). Kiepert identified it with Barla, in the Ottoman vilayet of Koniah, but W. M. Ramsay believes that it is contained in the ruins known as Uzumla Monastir.ancientone
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