| Image search results - "Mount" |
C. SERVILIVS M.f. Denarius. 136 BC. Gens SERVILIA - g. 3,8, mm. 20,5x19,7
Obv.:Winged, helmeted head of Roma right, surmounted by head of an eagle, wreath & * behind, ROMA below
Rev.: the Dioscuri galloping in opposite directions, C SERVEILI M F in ex.
Cr239/1, Sear RCV 116.
Maxentius
|
|
Denarius - 82 BC.
L. MARCIVS CENSORINVS - Gens Marcia
Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right
Rev.: L CENSOR, the satyr Marsyas, standing left with wineskin over shoulder; behind him, column surmounted by Victory.
Gs. 3,7 mm. 18,3
Craw. 363/1d, Sear RCV 281
Maxentius
|
|
History of Thessalian League
The Thessalian League/confederacy was made up of several cities in the Thessalian valley in Northern Greece. This area was completely surrounded by mountains and isolated except for a few passes. It was one of the few areas of Greece self-sufficient in grain and produced livestock and horses. Thessaly had the best calvary in Greece. The league was frequently weakened by intercity rivalries and lost its strength in the 5th century BC. The league was re-established in 374 BC by the tyrant Jason. He was assassinated in 370 BC, when it became evident that he had plans of conquest against the rest of Greece. After the death of Jason, there was infighting in the league and some of the cities requested help from Philip II of Macedon to settle the rivalries, which he accomplished in 353 BC. A few years later (344 BC), Philip II simply took control of the entire area. Thessaly remained under Macedonian control until Macedonia was defeated by the Romans in 197 BC. A new league was established in 196 BC. The league continued until 146 BC, then became part of the Roman province of Macedonia.Antonivs Protti
|
|
HENRY VI
Henry VI was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471. The only child of Henry V, he succeeded to the English throne at the age of nine months when his father died.
This was during the period of the long-running Hundred Years' War (1337 - 1453) and Henry is the only English monarch to also have been crowned King of France (as Henri II), in 1431. During his early reign several people were ruling for him and by the time Henry was declared fit to rule in 1437 he found his realm in a difficult position, faced with setbacks in France and divisions among the nobility at home. Henry is described as timid, shy, passive, well intentioned, and averse to warfare and violence; he was also at times mentally unstable. Partially in the hope of achieving peace, Henry married the ambitious and strong-willed Margaret of Anjou in 1445. The peace policy failed and the war recommenced with France taking the upper hand such that by 1453 Calais was Henry's only remaining territory on the continent.
With Henry effectively unfit to rule, Queen Margaret took advantage of the situation to make herself an effective power behind the throne. Starting around 1453 Henry began suffering a series of mental breakdowns and tensions mounted between Margaret and Richard of York, not only over control of the incapacitated king's government, but over the question of succession to the throne. Civil war broke out in 1459, leading to a long period of dynastic conflict, now known as the Wars of the Roses. Henry was deposed on 29th March 1461 after a crushing defeat at the Battle of Towton by Richard of York's son, who took the throne as Edward IV. Margaret continuing to resist Edward, but Henry was captured by Edward's forces in 1465 and imprisoned in the Tower of London.
Queen Margaret, who was first exiled in Scotland and then in France, was still determined to win back the throne on behalf of her husband and son. So, when Edward IV fell out with two of his main supporters, Richard Neville the Earl of Warwick and George the Duke of Clarence, Margaret formed a secret alliance with them backed by Louis XI of France. Warwick returned with an army to England, forced Edward IV into exile, and restored Henry VI to the throne on 30th October 1470, though Henry's position was nominal as Warwick and Clarence effectively ruled in his name.
But Henry's return to the throne lasted less than six months. Warwick overreached himself by declaring war on Burgundy, whose ruler responded by giving Edward IV the assistance he needed to win back his throne by force. Edward retook power in 1471, killing Warwick at the Battle of Barnet and Henry's only son at the Battle of Tewkesbury. Henry was again imprisoned in the Tower where, during the night of 21st May he died, possibly killed on Edward's orders.*Alex
|
|
JAMES III
James III was crowned at Kelso Abbey in 1460 at the age of nine, he was the son of James II and Mary of Guelders. During his childhood, the government was led by successive factions until 1469 when he began to rule for himself. That same year he married Princess Margaret of Denmark. Margaret's father, King Christian I of Denmark and Norway was unable to raise the full amount of her dowry so pledged his lands and rights in Orkney and Shetland as security for the remainder. But Christian I was never able to redeem his pledge, and Orkney and Shetland have remained Scottish possessions ever since.
Soon after his marriage, James faced great difficulties in restoring a strong central government. His preference for the company of scholars, architects and artists coupled with his extravagance and partiality to favourites alienated him from the loyalty of his nobles. Even his own brothers, Alexander, Duke of Albany and John, Earl of Mar regarded him with jealousy verging on hatred. In 1479, James' brothers were arrested on suspicion of conspiring against the Crown. John Stewart, the Earl of Mar, died in suspicious circumstances, whilst Alexander Stewart, the Duke of Albany, escaped and fled to England.
The ever-present English threat had been temporarily solved by a truce with Edward IV in 1463 but James' estrangement from his brothers and a strong faction within the Scottish nobility led to the final loss of Berwick.
Although James had tried to settle his differences with Alexander, Duke of Albany, his brother again tried to take his throne in a coup after Edward IV recognised him as Alexander IV of Scotland in 1482. Some minor members of James III's household were hanged, including Robert Cochrane, the king's favourite. But James was removed to Edinburgh Castle where he survived and Alexander was exiled to France.
After his queen's death in 1486, James lived in increasing isolation amidst the growing resentment of the nobility. Finally, in 1488, the Scottish nobles seized James' eldest son, also called James, placed him at their head, and rose against the king. At the Battle of Sauchieburn, three miles from Stirling, James III, defeated, was thrown from his horse as he fled from the field. He was carried into a nearby cottage where he was set upon and stabbed to death.
James III was buried at Cambuskenneth Abbey near Stirling and his son, the figurehead of the revolt against him, was hailed as James IV.
*Alex
|
|
Divus Antoninus Pius. Died AD 161. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.49 g, 6h). Consecration issue. Rome mint. Struck under Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus, AD 161. Bare head right / Funeral pyre of four tiers, decorated with garlands, surmounted by facing quadriga. RIC III 436 (Aurelius); MIR 18, 27/4-10 (Aurelius); RSC 164.paul1888
|
|
Trajan AR Denarius. Rome, AD 113-114. IMP TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC P M TR P, laureate and draped bust right / COS VI P P SPQR, Trajan's column surmounted by statue of the emperor; at base, two eagles. RIC 307; BMCRE 522; RSC 115. 3.53g, 20mm, 6h. Ex: Roman Numismatics E-Sale 58, lot 1102, June 20, 2019; Ex: Spink Auction 18055, Lot 296, November 7, 2018; Ex: CNG E-auction 393, lot 242, March 15, 2017; Ex: Dr. Lawrence D. Sporty Collection; Ex: CNG Inventory # 874073, June 2010.paul1888
|
|
Commodus. Æ Sestertius. Ex Kricheldorf.
Zoom inZoom inZoom outZoom outGo homeGo home
zoom view
Reign: Emperor, A.D. 177-192.
Denomination: Æ Sestertius.
Diameter: 30 mm.
Weight: 20.43 grams.
Mint: Rome, A.D. 180.
Obverse: Laureate head right.
Reverse: Commodus seated left on platform, holding roll, attended by officer holding scepter; Liberalitas standing facing, holding tessera and cornucopia; citizen mounting steps of platform.
Reference: RIC 300; Ex Kricheldrof, Liste 3 (1955), lot 70; Ex MünzZentrum Köln, Auktion 64 (1988), lot 359.paul1888
|
|
JUSTINIAN I, AR 120 Nummi, struck 552 - 565 at Rome or RavennaObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG Diademed bust of Justinian I facing right, wearing robe ornamented with a row of pellets.
Reverse: Large P•K enclosed within wreath.
Diameter: 11mm | Weight: 0.67gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 317 (Rome) | DOC: 336.3 (Ravenna) | MIB: 76 (Rome) | Ranieri: 355 (Ravenna)
Very Rare
In 552 the Byzantine general Narses crossed the Apennines with an army of around 25,000 men and marched on Rome only to find himself blocked by a Gothic force, under their king Totila, near Taginae in central Italy. However, Narses deployed his army in the form of a crescent in a narrow mountain valley with his dismounted cavalry mercenaries placed as a phalanx in the centre and his flanks protected by a mixed force of archers he had sent to seize the dominant heights. The Goths opened the battle with a determined cavalry charge but were halted by the enfilading fire from both sides and fell back in disarray on to the Byzantine infantry which had curved round behind them. The Byzantine cataphracts then swept into the confused Gothic mass and more than 6,000 Goths, including their leader Totila, were killed. The remnants of the Gothic army fled and Narses proceeded to Rome, capturing the city after a brief siege. The following year Narses ambushed a combined Gothic force under King Teia and his brother Aligern. The Gothic force was crushed in a hopeless last stand south of Naples, Teia was killed in the fighting and, though Aligern escaped the battle, he surrendered a few months later, so ending the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy after 60 years of rule.*Alex
|
|
Time of Alexander I, AR Hemiobol, struck 470 - 460 BC at Argilos in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Forepart of Pegasos facing left.
Reverse: No legend. Quadripartite granulated incuse square.
Diameter: 8.78mm | Weight: 0.20gms | Die Axis: Uncertain
Liampi 118 | SNG - | GCV -
Rare
Argilos was a city of ancient Macedonia founded by a colony of Greeks from Andros. Although little information is known about the city until about 480 BC, the literary tradition dates the foundation to around 655/654 BC which makes Argilos the earliest Greek colony on the Thracian coast. It appears from Herodotus to have been a little to the right of the route the army of Xerxes I took during its invasion of Greece in 480 BC in the Greco-Persian Wars. Its territory must have extended as far as the right bank of the Strymona, since the mountain of Kerdylion belonged to the city.
Argilos benefited from the trading activities along the Strymona and probably also from the gold mines of the Pangeion. Ancient authors rarely mention the site, but nevertheless shed some light on the important periods of its history. In the last quarter of the 6th century BC, Argilos founded two colonies, Tragilos, in the Thracian heartland, and Kerdilion, a few kilometers to the east of the city.
Alexander I was the ruler of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from c.498 BC until his death in 454 BC. Alexander came to the throne during the era of the kingdom's vassalage to Persia, dating back to the time of his father, Amyntas I. Although Macedonia retained a broad scope of autonomy, in 492 BC it was made a fully subordinate part of the Persian Empire. Alexander I acted as a representative of the Persian governor Mardonius during peace negotiations after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC. From the time of Mardonius' conquest of Macedonia, Herodotus disparagingly refers to Alexander I as “hyparchos”, meaning viceroy. However, despite his cooperation with Persia, Alexander frequently gave supplies and advice to the Greek city states, and warned them of the Persian plans before the Battle of Plataea in 479 BC. After their defeat at Plataea, when the Persian army under the command of Artabazus tried to retreat all the way back to Asia Minor, most of the 43,000 survivors of the battle were attacked and killed by the forces of Alexander at the estuary of the Strymona river.
Alexander regained Macedonian independence after the end of the Persian Wars and was given the title "philhellene" by the Athenians, a title used for Greek patriots.
After the Persian defeat, Argilos became a member of the first Athenian confederation but the foundation of Amphipolis in 437 BC, which took control of the trade along the Strymona, brought an end to this. Thucydides tells us that some Argilians took part in this foundation but that the relations between the two cities quickly deteriorated and, during the Peloponnesian war, the Argilians joined with the Spartan general Brasidas to attack Amphipolis. An inscription from the temple of Asklepios in Epidauros attests that Argilos was an independent city during the 4th century.
Like other colonies in the area, Argilos was conquered by the Macedonian king Philip II in 357 B.C. Historians believe that the city was then abandoned and, though excavations have brought to light an important agricultural settlement on the acropolis dated to the years 350-200 BC, no Roman or Byzantine ruins have been uncovered there.*Alex
|
|
1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribes: Catuvellauni and Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 - 40 at Verlamion under CunobelinusObverse: CVNO - BELIN. Bare head facing left.
Reverse: TASCIO. Metal worker, wielding hammer, seated facing right.
Diameter: 15mm | Weight: 2.24gms | Axis: 3h
Spink: 342 | ABC: 2969 | Van Arsdell 2097
CUNOBELINUS
Cunobelinus was a king in Iron Age Britain from about 9 CE until about 40 CE. He is mentioned by the Roman historians Suetonius and Dio Cassius, and many coins bearing his inscription have been found. Cunobelinus controlled a substantial portion of south-eastern Britain, including the territories of the Catuvellauni and the Trinovantes, and is called “Britannorum rex" (King of the Britons) by Suetonius. He appears to have been recognized by the Roman emperor Augustus as a client king, shown by the use of the Latin title Rex on some of his coins.
Numismatic evidence appears to indicate that Cunobelinus took power around AD 9 after the death of his father Tasciovanus, minting coins from both Camulodunum, capital of the Trinovantes and Verlamion (Roman Verulamium), capital of the Catuvellauni. Some of the Verulamium coins name him as the son of Tasciovanus, a previous king of the Catuvellauni. Cunobelinus' earliest issues are, however, from Camulodunum, indicating that he took power there first, and some have a palm or laurel wreath design, a motif borrowed from the Romans indicating a military victory. It is possible that he was emboldened to act against the Trinovantes, whose independence was protected by a treaty they made with Julius Caesar in 54 BC, because problems in Germania severely affected Augustus' ability to defend allies in Britain.
Cunobelinus, however, appears to have maintained quite good relations with the Roman Empire, he used classical motifs on his coins and his reign also saw an increase in trade with the continent. Archaeological evidence shows an increase in imported luxury goods, including wine and drinking vessels from Italy, olive oil and “garum” (fish sauce) from Spain, as well as glassware, jewellery, and tableware from the wider continent, all of which, from their distribution, appear to have entered Britain via the port of Camulodunum. Rome's lucrative trade with Britain was also reported by Strabo, according to him the island's exports included grain, gold, silver, iron, hides, slaves and hunting dogs. It seems likely that Cunobelinus was one of the British kings, mentioned by Strabo, who sent embassies to Augustus.
Cunobelinus died about 40, probably within a year of that date, as he was certainly dead by 43.
Traditionally it has been suggested that the “Lexden Tumulus” on the outskirts of Colchester was Cunobelinus' tomb, but without evidence confirming that, it is also possible that the tomb was built for the earlier Trinovantian king, Addedomarus. Interestingly there is a second tumulus, though this one is not so well known, 665m to the northwest of the Lexden burial mound, on a grassy area in the middle of a modern housing estate. This tumulus, known as ‘The Mount’, probably dates from around the same time as the well-known one at Fitzwalter Road, Lexden.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
|
|
JUSTINIAN I, AE Decanummium (10 Nummi), struck 550/551 at AntiochObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Helmeted and cuirassed facing bust of Justinian I, holding globus cruciger in his right hand and shield in his left; cross in right field.
Reverse: Large I surmounted by cross, A/N/N/O in field to left and regnal year X/X/IIII in field to right; in exergue, THU followed by • over Π with a slash through the last letter's right side.
Diameter: 24mm | Weight: 4.79gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 237 | DOC: 255 Class D | MIB: 158
Regarding the mintmark in the exergue, the letter Π with a slash through its right side and tiny o or • above is an abbreviation for "polis". The slash is like the English apostrophe denoting omission of letters, as in the word "can't". Therefore, together with the letters T (Tau) and H (Eta), the mint-mark reads as an abbreviation of "Theoupolis"
550
In January of this year the Ostrogoths under king Totila recaptured Rome after a long siege by bribing the Isaurian garrison. Then, in the summer, the Goths, under Totila, plundered Sicily after they had subdued Corsica and Sardinia, whilst the Gothic fleet also raided the coasts of Greece.
551
In this year Justinian I appointed Narses new supreme commander, who then returned to Italy. In Salona on the Adriatic coast, Narses assembled a Byzantine expeditionary force of around 20,000 to 30,000 men and a contingent of foreign allies which included Lombards, Herulii and Bulgars
When Narses arrived in Venetia he discovered that a powerful Gothic-Frank army of around 50,000 men, under the joint command of the kings Totila and Theudebald, had blocked the principal route to the Po Valley. Not wishing to engage such a formidable force and confident that the Franks would avoid a direct confrontation, Narses skirted the lagoons along the Adriatic shore, using vessels to convey his army from point to point along the coast and thereby arrived at the capital, Ravenna, without encountering any opposition. He then attacked and crushed a small Gothic force at Ariminum, modern Rimini.
In the Autumn of this year the Byzantine fleet of 50 warships destroyed the Gothic naval force under Indulf near Sena Gallica, some 17 miles (27 km) north of Ancona. The Battle of Sena Gallica marked the end of Gothic supremacy in the Mediterranean Sea.*Alex
|
|
JUSTINIAN I, AE Decanummium (10 Nummi), struck 558/559 at NicomediaObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Justinian I facing right.
Reverse: Large I surmounted by cross, A/N/N/O in field to left and regnal year X/X/X/II in field to right; in exergue, NIK.
Diameter: 17mm | Weight: 3.8gms | Die Axis: 12
SBCV: 205 | DOC: 138a.3
Justinian I introduced the system of dating on the Byzantine bronze coinage in the 12th year of his reign (Regnal year 538/39).
558: In this year the dome of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople collapsed due to an earthquake and Justinian I ordered it to be rebuilt.
559: A combined force of Kutrigurs and Huns crossed the frozen Danube River and invaded the Balkans in this year. But, after they had raided Thracia and Macedonia, the Byzantine general Belisarius, with a force consisting of a few thousand hastily raised levies and his veteran cavalry, defeated them at the Battle of Melantias, near Constantinople.
*Alex
|
|
Philip III Arrhidaios, 323 - 317 BC. Bronze Tetartemorion (Dichalkon / Quarter Obol). Struck 323 - 315 BC under Nikokreon at Salamis, Cyprus.Obverse: No legend. Macedonian shield with Gorgoneion (Medusa) head as the boss in the centre. The shield boss is sometimes called the episema, the Greek name for a symbol of a particular city or clan which was placed in the centre of a soldier's shield.
Reverse: Macedonian helmet surmounted with a horse hair crest; B - A (for BAΣIΛEOΣ AΛEΞANΔPOY = King Alexander) above; mint marks below the helmet, to left, a kerykeion (caduceus) and to the right, the monogram NK (for Nikokreon).
Diameter: 14mm | Weight: 4.6gms | Die Axis: 1
Price: 3162 | Liampi, Chronologie 170-92
This coin is a Type 7 (Macedonian shield type) bronze Quarter-Obol (two chalkoi). Price dated the Macedonian Shield coins as beginning during the latter part of Alexander's life, c.325 BC, and ending c.310 BC. Liampi later argued, based on new hoard evidence, that they were minted as early as 334 BC. This particular coin is dated from c.323 to 315 BC during the reign of Philip III Arrhidaios.
Salamis was founded around 1100 BC by the inhabitants of Enkomi, a Late Bronze Age city on Cyprus, though in Homeric tradition, the city was established by Teucer, one of the Greek princes who fought in the Trojan War. After Alexander the Great conquered the Persian Empire, of which Salamis was a part, Greek culture and art flourished in the city and, as well as being the seat of the governor of Cyprus, it was the island's most important port.
Nikokreon had succeeded Pnytagoras on the throne of Salamis and is reported to have paid homage to Alexander after the conqueror's return from Egypt to Tyre in 331 BC. After Alexander's death, his empire was split between his generals, Cyprus falling to Ptolomy I of Egypt. In 315 BC during the war between Antigonos and Ptolemy, Nikokreon supported the latter and was rewarded by being made governor of all Cyprus. However, in 311 BC Ptolemy forced Nikokreon to commit suicide because he no longer trusted him. Ptolemy's brother, King Menelaus, was made governor in Nikokreon's stead.
In 306 BC, Salamis was the scene of a naval battle between the fleets of Ptolemy and Demetrius I of Macedon. Demetrius won the battle and captured the island. *Alex
|
|
1 Gordian IIIGordian III
AE of Nicea
O: M ANT GORDIANOC AVG, Radiate, draped bust r.
R: N-I-K-A-I, EWN in ex.; Two standards surmounted by capricorns between two standards
Rec. Gen 711
Rare. According to Dane Kurtz's list, copies include this coin, plus: "Geoff Hintze's collection, another sold on ebay in June 2006 by del550 (DRG Coins, England), another sold on ebay in Dec. 2008 by biggyg2"
Sosius
|
|
15 Hadrian As, travel series, CappadociaHADRIAN
AE As
HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP, draped bust right / CAPPADOCIA S-C, Cappadocia, towered, in tunic & cloak with tassles, standing left holding a miniature of Mount Argaeus & standard.
RIC 848; gVF, pitting
This coin seems to have suffered from bronze disease in the past, and appears to have lost its patina as a result of the BD treatment.
RI0096Sosius
|
|
3 Trajan DeciusTrajan Decius
AR Antoninianus
IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, radiate, draped, & cuirassed bust right / DACIA, Dacia standing left, holding draco standard or vertical staff surmounted by ass's head.
RIC 12b, RSC 16.
Holed for jewelry - loop gone.Sosius
|
|
317 - 326, CRISPUS as Caesar, AE3 struck 323 - 324 at Londinium (London), EnglandObverse: CRISPVS NOBIL C. Helmeted and cuirassed bust of Crispus facing left.
Reverse: BEAT TRANQLITAS (sic). Altar, inscribed VOT IS XX in three lines, surmounted by cosmic globe with three stars above; in exergue, PLON.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 2.8gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC VII : 275.
Flavius Julius Crispus was the eldest son of Constantine the Great, he was given the rank of Caesar in A.D.316, at the same time as Flavius Claudius Constantinus (Constantine II), Constantine's eldest son with Fausta, and Valerius Licinianus Licinius (Licinius II), the son of Licinius I.
This coin was struck in connection with the fifteenth anniversary of Constantine the Great.*Alex
|
|
317 - 337, CONSTANTINE II as Caesar, AE3 struck 321 at Londinium (London), EnglandObverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN N C. Radiate and cuirassed bust of Constantine II facing left.
Reverse: BEATA TRANQVILLITAS. Altar, inscribed VOT IS XX in three lines, surmounted by cosmic globe with three stars above; across field, P - A; in exergue, PLON.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 2.9gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC VII : 219
Rare
Ex Killingholme Hoard (1993)
Claudius Constantinus was the eldest son of Constantine and Fausta, he was given the rank of Caesar in A.D.316, at the same time as Crispus and Licinius II.
This coin was struck in connection with the fifteenth anniversary of Constantine II's father, Constantine the great.
THE KILLINGHOLME HOARD
The Killingholme Hoard was discovered in a field between Killingholme and Habrough on the south bank of the Humber Estuary by a pair of metal detectorists in the Autumn of 1993.
The initial coins of the hoard were surface finds, many of which were found before the hoard itself was discovered. In total, there were 1504 coins found in the topsoil, and another 2753 found buried in a single clay pot.
The top of the pot had been cut off by ploughing, which had caused a large number of coins to be scattered around the field. Nevertheless, the remains of the pot were found when the coins packed in it were detected. The pot had a diameter of about 20cm and within it were thousands of coins.
One of the finders reported that the coins appeared to have been carefully arranged inside the pot, and seemed to produce a spiralling pattern. Unfortunately, the coins were emptied into a bath for cleaning so any chance of researching this arrangement was lost forever.
The coins that constituted the hoard were bronze reduced folles, most of which were struck between the 320s and the early 330s, during the time of the emperor Constantine. Though the coins came from several mints in the Western part of the Roman Empire, most of them were from the London mint. It is thought that the hoard was probably deposited around 333/334 AD.
Because, in 1993, base metal coins were not counted as treasure, the coins were returned to the finders who sent the bulk of the coins to be auctioned off by Spink of London. Fortunately, prior to being sold, the coins were recorded by the British Museum which acquired for itself 86 coins from the hoard.
After the recordings were completed, though the finders kept a few coins for themselves, the remainder of the coins were sold off in batches. It has been rumoured that many of these coins went to the Italian luxury goods producer Bulgari, who used them to make jewellery.
Such a process would not be permitted in England today as, following the enactment of the Treasure Act in 1996, the Killingholme Hoard would now fulfil the criteria for "treasure" as outlined by the Act.
CONTEMPORARY PHOTO OF THE KILLINGHOLM HOARD, CLICK ON THUMBNAIL TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
|
|
317 - 337, CONSTANTINE II as Caesar, AE3 struck 322 - 323 at Londinium (London), EnglandObverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN N C. Radiate and cuirassed bust of Constantine II facing left.
Reverse: BEAT TRANQLITAS (sic). Altar, inscribed VOT IS XX in three lines, surmounted by cosmic globe with three stars above; across field, F – B; in exergue, PLON.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 2.05gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC VII : 257.
Flavius Claudius Constantinus was the eldest son of Constantine and Fausta, he was given the rank of Caesar in A.D.316, at the same time as Crispus and Licinius II.
This coin was struck in connection with the fifteenth anniversary of his father, Constantine the great.
*Alex
|
|
317 - 337, CONSTANTINE II as Caesar, AE3 struck 323 - 324 at Londinium (London), EnglandObverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN N C. Helmeted and cuirassed bust of Constantine II facing left.
Reverse: BEAT TRANQLITAS (sic). Altar, inscribed VOT IS XX in three lines, surmounted by cosmic globe with three stars above; in exergue, PLON.
Diameter: 21mm | Weight: 2.9gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC VII : 287.
Flavius Claudius Constantinus was the eldest son of Constantine and Fausta, he was given the rank of Caesar in A.D.316, at the same time as Crispus and Licinius II.
This coin was struck in connection with the fifteenth anniversary of his father, Constantine the great.
*Alex
|
|
65 Constantine ICONSTANTINE I
AE Follis, Trier Mint, 316 AD
O: CONSTANTINVS PF AVG, Laureate cuirassed bust r.
R: SOLI INVIC-TO COMITI, Sol st. l.., holding globe above hip level, T to l., F to r., BTR in ex.
RIC VII Trier 105
Former cufflink coin
aEF, with marks from mounting
Sosius
|
|
98Trajan 98-117 AD
AR didrachm
Caesarea in Cappadocia
Laureate draped bust right
Statue on top of Mount Argaeus
Sydenham 157mauseus
|
|
AUGUSTUS. AR Cistophorus (3 denarii) of Pergamum. Struck c.19 - 18 B.C.Obverse: IMP IX TR PO V. Bare head of Augustus facing right.
Reverse: Triumphal arch surmounted by Augustus in facing triumphal quadriga; IMP IX TR POT V on architrave; S P R SIGNIS RECEPTIS in three lines within arch opening, standards at either side.
RIC I : 510 | BMC : 703 | RSC : 298.
This coin commemorates Augustus' triumphant agreement with the Parthians in 20 B.C. under which they returned the legionary standards captured from Crassus who was defeated and killed at Carrhae thirty-three years earlier (53 B.C.) Augustus installed these standards in the Temple of Mars Ultor.
The reverse of the coin shows the triumphal arch which was awarded to Augustus on the occasion of his recovery of the standards. This was the second triumphal arch awarded to Augustus and, like the earlier arch which had been constructed in 29 BC to honour his victory over Cleopatra, this second arch, which archaeological evidence suggests may actually have incorporated the first arch, stood in close proximity to the Temple of Divus Julius at the southern entrance to the Roman Forum.
This is the rarest cistophorus struck during the reign of Augustus with the exception of the exceedingly rare issues featuring a sphinx.*Alex
|
|
Demetrios II Nikator, Second reign, 129-125 BC. Silver tetradrachm. Tyre.Obv: Diademed head of king right.
Rev: Eagle standing on prow left, with palm branch, club surmounted by monogram and monogram in inner left field, two monograms in inner right field, monogram between legs.
References: SC 2195.5b. Newell 179. Hoover 1122.
28 mm, 13,23 g.Canaan
|
|
Fouree C. Servilius M.f. Denarius. 136 BC Obv. Winged, helmeted head of Roma right, surmounted by head of an eagle, wreath & * behind, ROMA below Rev. the Dioscuri galloping in opposite directions, C SERVEILI M F in ex. Syd 525, Cr239/1. Skyler
|
|
Gordian III, Bithynia, Nicaea
Bithynia, Nicaea. Gordian III. A.D. 238-244. Æ 20(20.2 mm, 3.6 g ).
Obverse: M ANT ΓOP-ΔIANOC AV, radiate bust right, drapery on shoulder.
Reverse: N-IK-AI-Є/ΩN, three legionary standards, the two outer surmounted by capricorns, the middle by an eagle.
Rec Gen 716; Weiser NORMAN K
|
|
IONIA, CHIOSCa 400-380 BC
AR Drachm 13 mm, 3.63 g
O: Sphinx seated left; amphora surmounted by grapes to left
R: Quadripartite granulated incuse square
Chios; BMC 17-8
ex Roma Numismatics auction laney
|
|
Manuel I Komnenus clipped billion aspron trachy SB1964Obverse: The Virgin enthroned facing, nimbate and wearing pallium and maphrium, she holds nimbate head of the infant Christ facing; to l. MP to r. Theta V.
Reverse: MANUHA AECIIOTHC or similar, Manuel stg. facing wearing crown, divitision and chlamys and holding labarum (one dots= on shaft) and globus surmounted by patriarchal cross.
Mint: Constantinople Third metropolitan coinage Variation B
Date: 1143-1180 CE
Sear 1964 DO 15.5-10
18mm 1.65 gmwileyc
|
|
Manuel I Komnenus clipped billion aspron trachy SB1966Obverse: IC-XC (bar above) in field, Christ bearded and nimbate, wearing tunic and colobion, seated upon throne without back; holds gospels in left hand.
Reverse: MAN(monogram)HA AECIIOT or var, MP OV bar above in upper right field, Full-length figure of emperor, bearded on left, crowned by Virgin nimbate. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar-peice, and jewelled loros of simplified type; holds in right hand labarum-headed scepter, and in left globus cruciger. Virgin wears tunic and maphorion.
four main varieties:
Mint: Constantinople
Date: 1167-1183?
Sear 1966 Var d, Fourth coinage; H 16.14,15; 17.1-4
rev: Jewel within circle on loros waist
16mm .89gm
As discussed in the Byzantine forumThese are the "neatly clipped" trachies.
During the reign of Manuel I the silver content of the trachy was dropped from c.6% to c.3%, but later types were sometimes issued with the higher silver content.
In Alexius III's time these high silver types were clipped down to half size, probably officially, presumably so as to match the lower silver content of the later issues.
Of course this would only have worked as long as the populace accepted the idea that the clipped coins were all high silver versions to start with. Once smarties started clipping ordinary coins these types would soon have have fallen out of favour and been withdrawn.
Ross G.
During the reign of Alexius III were reused coins of previous releases, clipping its border in a very regular mode and thus reducing to half their weight. Regularity of shearing and the fact that they were found to stock uniforms, suggesting that this clipping is a formal issuance of mint. Based on the stocks found in Constantinople , some of which consist only of clipped coins, it may safely be dated between 1195 and 1203.
Hendy and Grierson believe that this shearing was a consequence of the devaluation of trachy mixture during the reign of Isaac II and Alexius III. They reduced by half the already low silver content of this coin: shearing coins of previous emperors, still widely in circulation, made their trachy consistent with the intrinsic value of current emissions. Of course, this does not justify the clipping of coins already degraded of Isaac II and Alexius III. Therefore, reason for their declassification is not understood. I think that reason of Ross is right!
The structure of their dispersion in hoards indicates that, however, were made after the other emissions. Clipped trachys appear in small amounts along with regular trachy in hoards, represents a rarity. Were clipped trachys of Manuel I, Andronicus I, Isaac II and Alexius III, and perhaps of John II; those of Manuel are less scarce. In principle, we must believe that all trachys after Manuel I have been clipped, although many have not yet appeared.
Antvwala
wileyc
|
|
IONIA, Ephesos. 1st-2nd century AD.
ƠTessera in contemporary AR mount (23mm, 6.25, 1 h)
KHPIΛIC ωΔE ΠPOC ΠAΛVPIN
Bee
CKωΠI, recumbent stag; E to left, Φ to right
BMC 186; SNG Copenhagen 355Ardatirion
|
|
IONIA, Ephesos. Alexander.
PB Tessera (17mm, 3.95 g, 4h)
Artemis kneeling right, bathing, within grotto surmounted by half-length figure of Aktaion, wearing antlers and raising arms
Hippocampus right, AΛЄ Ξ around
Gülbay & Kireç –; Gorny & Mosch 212 (5 March 2013), lot 3333 (same dies); Vossen 35 (this coin)
Ex Tom Vossen Collection, 35Ardatirion
|
|
Dy.265 Philip VI (of Valois): Gros à la queuePhilip VI, king of France (1328-1350)
Gros à la queue (09/27/1348 and 01/15/1349)
White billon (479 ‰), 3.33 g, diameter 26 mm, die axis 6h
O: inner circle: (crown)PhILIP-PVS.REX; legend interrupted by a cross pattée; outer circle: BnDICTV⋮SIT⋮nOmЄ⋮DNIâ‹®nRI⋮DЄI⋮IhV⋮XPI
R: inner circle: +TVRONVS.CIVIS; châtel tournois with 3 archs under a crown; outer circle: a circlet of 12 fleur-de-lis
This Gros was struck at the end of Philip's reign and contains a quite small amount of silver.
|
|
(0161) LUCIUS VERUS or MARCUS AURELIUS--MT. ARGAEUS161--
AE 20 mm, 6.85 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Mount Argaeus, ETB in exergue
Cappadocia Caeserealaney
|
|
(0161) LUCIUS VERUS--MT. ARGAEUS163-169 AD
AE 19 mm, 5.38 g
Obverse: Laureate head right
Reverse: Mount Argaeus, ETG in exergue (Year 3)
Cappadocia Caesarealaney
|
|
(0161) LUCIUS VERUS--MT. ARGAEUS161-169
AE 20.5 mm, 7.09 g
O: ΑΥΤΟΚP ΟΥΗΡΟС СƐ[Β] laureate bust of Lucius Verus wearing cuirass and paludamentum, right
R: [ΚΑΙСΑΡƐωΝ Τ] ΠΡ ΑΡΓΑΙω ƐΤΟΒ Mount Argaios with tall conical top
Cappadocia, Caesaria; cf RPC 4 6870 (temp); SNG I 2240laney
|
|
(0193) SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS193 - 211 AD
AE 23 mm 5.05 g
O: Rad Bust right
R: The Eastern god MEN draped & wearing Phrygian hat, standing facing, head right, right foot on bucranium and crescent on shoulders; holding scepter in left hand, right arm holding globe surmounted by Nike walking right with trophy on shoulder; cock at foot left
ANTIOCH in PISIDIA
laney
|
|
(0193) SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS193-211 AD
AE 21 mm max., 4.75 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Kybele (Cybele) mounted on lion
MOESIA INFERIOR, Markianopolislaney
|
|
(0198) GETA198 - 212 AD
struck ca. 198 - 203 AD
AE 19.5 mm 3.53 g
O: Λ CΕΡ ΚΑΙ ΓΕΤΑC Κ - Bare head right
R: ΟVΛΓΙΑC ΓΑVΤΑΛΙΑC - Altar surmounted by serpent-entwined orphic egg
Thrace, Pautalia
References: Moushmov 4335, Ruzicka 805
laney
|
|
(0218) ELAGABALUS218-222 AD
AE 21.5 mm max; 9.99 g.
O: Laureate bust right.
R: Mount Gerizim with colonnade and steps leading to temple.
Samaria, Neapolislaney
|
|
(0244) PHILIP I (The Arab)244 - 249 AD
AE 23.5 mm, 8.18 g
Obv: AV K M IOV FILIPPOC, radiate, draped, cuirassed bust right.
Rev: QECCALONEIKEWN N PUQIA, Agonistic table surmounted by vase, prize urn containing palm, and five apples.
Thessalonica, Macedonia.
laney
|
|
(0251) TREBONIANUS GALLUS OR VOLUSIAN? (Mt. Gerizim)251-253 AD
AE 25.5 mm 10.87 g
O: Bust right;
R:Mount Gerizim surmounted by Samaritan temple and altar, stairway to temple, colonnade below, all supported by facing eagle with wings spread
Samaria, Neapolislaney
|
|
(0276) PROBUS276 - 282 AD
AE 22 mm, 3.25 g
O: IMP C M AVR PROBVS P F AVG, radiate bust left in imperial mantle, holding sceptre surmounted by eagle.
R: VIRTVS PROBI AVG, Mars walking right, holding spear and trophy; T in lower right field; XXI in exe.
Siscia mint
laney
|
|
(0527) JUSTINIAN I527 - 565 AD
(struck 538 - 552)
AE 16 NUMMI 21 mm 7.23 g
O: Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Justinian I, right
R: Large I surmounted with a cross with star to each side, A at left, SP at right, TES in exergue
Thessalonica
Sear-177, MIBE-169d (scarce version)laney
|
|
(06) NERO54 - 68 AD
AE 27 mm; 11.38 g
O: NERO CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG GERM PM TRP, laureate head left
R: S-C across fields, large altar with two doors and surmounted by ornaments, PROVIDENT in ex.
Balkan mint, possibly Perinthos
RIC (1923) 440; RPC 1761; Cohen 255; WCN p. 245, Moesia 2laney
|
|
(Handa pl. XLV.9)Obv: Six-headed Kartikeya standing facing with right arm bent slantingly upwards and left akimbo, Brahmi monogram kshe under the right arm instead of the lance in that hand; jumbled Brahmi legend around
Rev: Six-headed Shashthi standing to front on a half lotus seat with right hand extended and left on the respective hip, tree in railing with a swastika above on right and arched chaitya or hill symbol surmounted by a nandipada on left, all within a dotted border
Dim:
Quant.Geek
|
|
*Macedonia, Thessalonica. Trajan AE21Obv: [.....] TRAIANOC, radiate bust r.
Rev: ThES SALO NIKE WN, in four lines, surmounted by eagle within double ring of dots.ancientone
|
|
*SOLD*Titus AR Denarius
Attribution: RIC 128, RSC 321, BMCRE 78
Date: AD 80
Obverse: IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN P M, laureate head r.
Reverse: TR P IX IMP XV COS VIII P P, tripod surmounted by dolphin
Size: 18.2 mm
Weight: 3.074 grams
ex-ForvmNoah
|
|
*SOLD*Roman Decorative Artifacts
Date: circa 1st-3rd centuries AD
Description: These decorative pieces still retain much of their original "bling." Two possess their original gilding and one has some enameled glass intact. They were brooches, aesthetic mounts, or some other form of adornment. All-in-all, they would have been prized pieces.Noah
|
|
*SOLD*Crispus AE3
Attribution: RIC 201, S.3924v, Siscia
Date: AD 317-326
Obverse: IVL CRISPVS NOB C, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust r.
Reverse: PROVIDENTIAE CAESS, camp gate surmounted by two turrets,
* above, BSIS in exergue
Size: 18.7 mmNoah
|
|
-Pisidia, Antioch. Valerian I. AD 253-260.Æ 22mm. Radiate and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind / ANTIO-C-H-I COL, S-R across field, vexillum surmounted by an eagle, between two standards. Krzyzanowska VII/18; SNG France 1316ancientone
|
|
000b. Pompey the GreatThe Pompeians. Sextus Pompey. 37/6 BC. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.49 g, 9h). Uncertain Sicilian mint, possibly Catana. Bare head of Pompey the Great right; capis to left, lituus to right / Neptune, holding aplustre and resting right foot on prow, standing left between the Catanaean brothers Anapias and Amphinomus running in opposite directions, bearing their parents on their shoulders. Crawford 511/3a; CRI 334; Sydenham 1344; RSC 17 (Pompey the Great). Fine, lightly toned, bankers’ marks on obverse.
AMPHINOMUS and ANAPIS (or Anapias), two brothers, of Silicy, respecting whom it is related that they saved their parents, at the peril of their own lives, from the flames of Etna, at the moment when an eruption of that volcano threatened their immediate destruction. This was a favourite subject with the ancients, in symbolising filial piety; and is often represented on Greek coins of Catana (Catania), where this noble action is alleged to have been performed. Of these two Sicilian brothers, types of that devoted love, which is ever cherished by good children towards the earthly anthors of their being, Cornelius Severus, alluding to Mount Edna, thus expresses himself: "Amphinomus and his brother, both equally courageous in the performance of a duty, whilst the flames murmured their threats against the neighbouring houses, rescue their decrepid father, and their aged mother."ecoli
|
|
001 - Probus Antoniniani - RIC 187Obv: PROBVS PF AVG, Radiate bust left in imperial mantle, holding sceptre surmounted by eagle.
Rev: ROMA AETER, Roma seated in temple, holding Victory and sceptre.
Minted in Rome (RV Δ in exe) Emission 7 Officina 4, AD 282.
This coin is part of the AEQVITI series of Rome (V).pierre_p77
|
|
001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), AR-denarius, Crawf 443-1, Plated (Fouree), Military mint travelling with Caesar (Gaul), #2001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), AR-denarius, Crawf 443-1, Plated (Fouree), Military mint travelling with Caesar (Gaul), #2
avers:-CAESAR in exergue, elephant right, trampling on serpent.
revers:- Simpulum, sprinkler, axe (surmounted by a wolf's head) and priest's hat.
exerg:-/-//CAESAR, diameter: 17-20mm, weight: 2,66g, axes: 5h,
mint: Military mint travelling with Caesar (Gaul), date: 49-48 B.C., ref: Crawford-443/1, Sydneham-1006, RSC-49, BMCRR (Gaul) 27
Q-002
"This is the first coin struck in the name of Julius Caesar. The symbolism on the obverse apparently alludes to the conquest of good over evil, Caesar's victory over the Gauls, while the reverse refers to Caesar's possession of the office of Pontifex Maximus."quadrans
|
|
001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 443-1, Military mint traveling with Caesar (Gaul), AR-denarius, #1001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 443-1, Military mint traveling with Caesar (Gaul), AR-denarius, #1
avers: CAESAR in exergue, elephant right, trampling on a serpent.
reverse: Simpulum, sprinkler, axe (surmounted by a wolf's head) and priest's hat.
exergue: -/-//CAESAR, diameter: 18,5-19,0mm, weight: 3,93g, axes: 4h,
mint: Military mint travelling with Caesar (Gaul), date: 49-48 B.C., ref: Crawford-443/1, Sydenham-1006, RSC-49, BMCRR (Gaul) 27
Q-001
"This is the first coin struck in the name of Julius Caesar. The symbolism on the obverse apparently alludes to the conquest of good over evil, Caesar's victory over the Gauls, while the reverse refers to Caesar's possession of the office of Pontifex Maximus."quadrans
|
|
001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 443-1, Military mint traveling with Caesar (Gaul), AR-denarius, #2001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 443-1, Military mint traveling with Caesar (Gaul), AR-denarius, #2
avers: CAESAR in exergue, elephant right, trampling on a serpent.
reverse: Simpulum, sprinkler, axe (surmounted by a wolf's head) and priest's hat.
exergue: -/-//CAESAR, diameter: 19mm, weight: 3,65g, axes: 10h,
mint: Military mint travelling with Caesar (Gaul), date: 49-48 B.C., ref: Crawford-443/1, Sydenham-1006, RSC-49, BMCRR (Gaul) 27
Q-002
"This is the first coin struck in the name of Julius Caesar. The symbolism on the obverse apparently alludes to the conquest of good over evil, Caesar's victory over the Gauls, while the reverse refers to Caesar's possession of the office of Pontifex Maximus."quadrans
|
|
001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 443-1, Military mint traveling with Caesar (Gaul), AR-denarius, Plated (Fouree), #1001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 443-1, Military mint traveling with Caesar (Gaul), AR-denarius, Plated (Fouree), #1
avers: CAESAR in exergue, elephant right, trampling on a serpent.
reverse: Simpulum, sprinkler, axe (surmounted by a wolf's head) and priest's hat.
exergue: -/-//CAESAR, diameter: 17-20mm, weight: 2,66g, axes: 5h,
mint: Military mint travelling with Caesar (Gaul), date: 49-48 B.C., ref: Crawford-443/1, Sydenham-1006, RSC-49, BMCRR (Gaul) 27
Q-001
"This is the first coin struck in the name of Julius Caesar. The symbolism on the obverse apparently alludes to the conquest of good over evil, Caesar's victory over the Gauls, while the reverse refers to Caesar's possession of the office of Pontifex Maximus."quadrans
|
|
001. Julius CaesarJulius Caesar. 49-48 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.60 g). Military mint traveling with Caesar. Elephant walking right, trampling on serpent / Simpulum, sprinkler, axe (surmounted by a wolf’s head), and priest’s hat. Crawford 443/1; CRI 9; Sydenham 1006; RSC 49. VF, toned
Ex-Cngecoli
|
|
001b2. Pompey MagnusDenarius. 49 BC. 19mm, 3.6 g. Struck by Q. Sicinius and C. Coponius in East. Obv: Q SICINIVS III VIR, diademed head of Apollo right, star below. Rev: C CONONIVS PR S C, club of Hercules surmounted by a facing lion's scalp, arrow left, bow right. RRC 444/1, Sear 413.
NOTE: Sicinius is striking as a moneyer in exile in the East, having fled Italy with Pompey. The Praetor Coponius commanded the Pompeian fleet.lawrence c
|
|
001l2. Lepidus & Marc AntonyLepidus & Marc Antony. AR Quinarius. Military mint with Antony & Lepidus in Transalpine Gaul, 44-42 BC. Obv: M ANT IMP, lituus, capis & raven. Rev: M LEP IMP, simpulum, aspergillum, axe (surmounted by wolf's head) & apex. Cr489/3, Syd 1158a.lawrence c
|
|
001r. AhenobarbusCn. Domitius L. f. Ahenobarbus was an opponent of Julius Caesar, but was pardoned by him. Successful naval commander for Brutus, and then he continued naval operations akin to piracy after Brutus fell. He then reconciled with Marc Antony. He was named consul in 32 BC. He broke with Antony over Cleopatra and defected to Octavian shortly before the battle of Actium in 31 BC. He died about the same time as the battle in which he did not participate. He was the nephew of Cato and the grandfather of Nero.
Coin: AR Denarius. Uncertain mint along the Adriatic or Ionian Sea, 41-40 BC. Bare head right, wearing short beard; AHENOBAR before / Prow right surmounted by a military trophy; CN•DOMITIVS•IMP below. Crawford 519/2; CRI 339; BMCRR East 94-97; RSC Domitia 21. 3.64g, 19mm, 6h. Flan flaw on obverse. The bust on obverse likely is an ancestor of Ahenobarbus. Roma Numismatics Auction 75 Lot 566.lawrence c
|
|
002a, Aigina, Islands off Attica, Greece, c. 510 - 490 B.C.Silver stater, S 1849, SNG Cop 503, F, 12.231g, 22.3mm, Aigina (Aegina) mint, c. 510 - 490 B.C.; Obverse: sea turtle (with row of dots down the middle); Reverse: incuse square of “Union Jack” pattern; banker's mark obverse. Ex FORVM.
Greek Turtles, by Gary T. Anderson
Turtles, the archaic currency of Aegina, are among the most sought after of all ancient coins. Their early history is somewhat of a mystery. At one time historians debated whether they or the issuances of Lydia were the world's earliest coins. The source of this idea comes indirectly from the writings of Heracleides of Pontus, a fourth century BC Greek scholar. In the treatise Etymologicum, Orion quotes Heracleides as claiming that King Pheidon of Argos, who died no later than 650 BC, was the first to strike coins at Aegina. However, archeological investigations date the earliest turtles to about 550 BC, and historians now believe that this is when the first of these intriguing coins were stamped.
Aegina is a small, mountainous island in the Saronikon Gulf, about midway between Attica and the Peloponnese. In the sixth century BC it was perhaps the foremost of the Greek maritime powers, with trade routes throughout the eastern half of the Mediterranean. It is through contacts with Greeks in Asia Minor that the idea of coinage was probably introduced to Aegina. Either the Lydians or Greeks along the coast of present day Turkey were most likely the first to produce coins, back in the late seventh century. These consisted of lumps of a metal called electrum (a mixture of gold and silver) stamped with an official impression to guarantee the coin was of a certain weight. Aegina picked up on this idea and improved upon it by stamping coins of (relatively) pure silver instead electrum, which contained varying proportions of gold and silver. The image stamped on the coin of the mighty sea power was that of a sea turtle, an animal that was plentiful in the Aegean Sea. While rival cities of Athens and Corinth would soon begin limited manufacture of coins, it is the turtle that became the dominant currency of southern Greece. The reason for this is the shear number of coins produced, estimated to be ten thousand yearly for nearly seventy years. The source for the metal came from the rich silver mines of Siphnos, an island in the Aegean. Although Aegina was a formidable trading nation, the coins seemed to have meant for local use, as few have been found outside the Cyclades and Crete. So powerful was their lure, however, that an old proverb states, "Courage and wisdom are overcome by Turtles."
The Aeginean turtle bore a close likeness to that of its live counterpart, with a series of dots running down the center of its shell. The reverse of the coin bore the imprint of the punch used to force the face of the coin into the obverse turtle die. Originally this consisted of an eight-pronged punch that produced a pattern of eight triangles. Later, other variations on this were tried. In 480 BC, the coin received its first major redesign. Two extra pellets were added to the shell near the head of the turtle, a design not seen in nature. Also, the reverse punch mark was given a lopsided design.
Although turtles were produced in great quantities from 550 - 480 BC, after this time production dramatically declines. This may be due to the exhaustion of the silver mines on Siphnos, or it may be related to another historical event. In 480 BC, Aegina's archrival Athens defeated Xerxes and his Persian armies at Marathon. After this, it was Athens that became the predominant power in the region. Aegina and Athens fought a series of wars until 457 BC, when Aegina was conquered by its foe and stripped of its maritime rights. At this time the coin of Aegina changed its image from that of the sea turtle to that of the land tortoise, symbolizing its change in fortunes.
The Turtle was an object of desire in ancient times and has become so once again. It was the first coin produced in Europe, and was produced in such great quantities that thousands of Turtles still exist today. Their historical importance and ready availability make them one of the most desirable items in any ancient coin enthusiast's collection.
(Greek Turtles, by Gary T. Anderson .Cleisthenes
|
|
002a01. AugustusAR cistophorus. 27mm, 11.48 gm. Pergamum mint, ca. 19-18 BC. Obv: IMP•IX•TR•PO•V, bust of Augustus R; Rev: S•P•R•
SIGNIS / RECEPTIS, legend in opening of triumphal arch decorated with aquila on each wall and inscribed IMP•IX•TR•POT•V and surmounted by halted quadriga right with charioteer. RIC I 510.lawrence c
|
|
003. Justinian I, 527-565. AE 40 Nummi.Obv. Helmeted bust of Justinian facing, holding globe surmounted with cross.
Rev. Large M with A underneath, NIK below, ANNO XIII to sides.
Nikomedia Mint, 541. LordBest
|
|
0067 - Denarius Marcus Aurelius 162 ACObv/DIVVS ANTONINVS, head of Antoninus Pius r.
Rev/DIVO PIO, column surmounted by statue of Antoninus.
Ag, 17.9mm, 3.07g
Mint: Rome.
RIC III/439 [C] - BMCRE 67 - RCV 5195 - RSC Antoninus 353a.dafnis
|
|
0068 - Denarius Marcus Aurelius 162 ACObv/DIVVS ANTONINVS, head of Antoninus Pius r., draped on l. shoulder.
Rev/DIVO PIO, column surmounted by statue of Anoninus.
Ag, 17.2mm, 2.79g
Mint: Rome.
RIC III/440 [C] - RSC Antoninus 353dafnis
|
|
0069 - Denarius Marcus Aurelius 161 ACObv/DIVVS ANTONINVS, head of Antoninus Pius r.
Rev/CONSECRATIO, pyre of four tiers, decorated with hangings and garlands, surmounted by quadriga.
Ag, 17.6mm, 2.59g
Mint: Rome.
RIC III/436 [C] - RCV 5190 - BMCRE IV/55 - RSC Antoninus 154.dafnis
|
|
0072 - Denarius Trajan 112-14 ACObv/IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC PM TR P COS VI PP, laureate bust of Trajan r., togate.
Rev/SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Trajan's column surmounted with statue of the emperor; at base, two eagles.
Ag, 20.2mm, 3.32g
Mint: Rome.
RIC II/292 [C]
ex-Pegasi Numismatics, auction XXIII, lot 477dafnis
|
|
0089 - Denarius Furia 119 BCObv/ M FOVRI L F, laureate head of Janus.
Rev/ Roma standing l., holding sceptre in l. hand and crowning trophy with r. hand; behind, ROMA; above, star; on the l. field, trophy surmounted by a helmet in the form of a boar's head and flanked by carnyx and shield on each side; in ex. PHILI.
Ag, 19.1 mm, 3.90 g
Moneyer: M. Furius L.f. Philus.
Mint: Rome.
RRC 281/1 [dies o/r: 393/491] - BMCRR Italy 555 - Bab. Furia 18 - Sydenham 529
ex-inAsta, auction 38, lot 473dafnis
|
|
01 01 Julius Caesar Julius Caesar. 49-44 B.C. AR Denarius. Military mint traveling with Caesar in Gaul. c. 49-48 B.C. (3.72g, 19.0m, 4h). Obv: CAESAR in ex., elephant r. trampling serpent. Rev: simpulum, sprinkler, axe surmounted by wolf’s head, and apex. Cr 443/1; Syd. 1006.
This is the first issue in Caesar’s name. The obverse could symbolize the victory of good over evil in general, or the victory of Caesar’s forces over the Pompeians specifically. The reverse clearly refers to Caesar’s status as Pontifex Maximus.Lucas H
|
|
01 Diocletian: Cyzicus antoninianus.Antoninianus; 284 - 295 AD, Cyzicus mint.
Obverse: IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS AVG / Radiate bust of Diocletian.
Reverse: CONCORDIA MILITVM / Diocletian standing, holding sceptre, receiving globe (surmounted by Victory) from Jupiter, also standing and holding sceptre. E between them; XXI in exergue.
3.73 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #306; Sear #12635.
Attribution to Cyzicus: The CONCORDIA MILITVM reverse was used extensively by the mints at Siscia, Heraclea, Cyzicus, and Antioch. Siscia had only 3 officina (A B Γ), so that one can be eliminated. Heraclea and Antioch always use P F in the obverse legend (inscription #3), so those two can be eliminated. Pages 210 - 211 of RIC assign to Cyzicus coins with the word MILITVM broken between the I and L.Callimachus
|
|
010 - Probus (276-282 AD), Antoninianus - RIC 905Obv: IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev: CLEMENTIA TEMP, Emperor standing right, holding sceptre surmounted by eagle, receiving globe from Jupiter standing left, holding sceptre.
Minted in Cyzicus (XXIV in exe), emission 1 officina 5, 276 AD.
Bust type C.pierre_p77
|
|
010. Titus, 79-81AD. AR Denarius.AR Denarius. Rome mint 80AD.
Obv. Laureate head right IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG PM
Rev. Tripod surmounted by dolphin TRP IX IMP XV COS VII PP
RIC II 27. Cohen 321. SEAR 2518.(VF $192 - XF $512). EF
LordBest
|
|
010a2. VitelliusDenarius. Obv: A VITELLIVS GERMAN IMP TR P, laureate head right.
Rev: XV VIR SACR FAC, tripod lebes surmounted by dolphin, raven standing right beneath. RIC 86, RSC 114.
lawrence c
|
|
011 - Constantine I (307-337 AD), AE 3 - RIC 341Obv: CONSTAN-TINVS AVG, helmeted, cuirassed bust right.
Rev: BEATA TRAN-QVILLITAS, altar inscribed VO-TIS XX, surmounted by globe decorated with two diagonal lines, dot in upper and lower field and a horizontal row of dots. Three stars above
Minted in Trier (STR. in exe) 322 ADpierre_p77
|
|
011a5. VespasianDivus Vespasian. Denarius. 80-81 AD. Obv: DIVVS AVGVSTVS VESPASIANVS, laureate head right. Rev: EX S C in exergue, empty quadriga advancing left; dash rail surmounted by statuette of quadriga flanked by Victories holding palms & wreaths; car ornamented with figures of Minerva advancing left & brandishing spear, & garlands.
RIC 361 (Titus), RSC 146.
COIN NOTE: Black patina.lawrence c
|
|
014 - Probus (276-282 AD) antoninianus - RIC 927Obv: IMP C M AVR PROBVS PF AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from back.
Rev: CLEMENTIA TEMP(dot), Emperor standing right, holding sceptre surmounted by eagle,
receiving globe from Jupiter, standing left, holding sceptre.
Minted in Tripolis (KA in exe, crescent in field), first emission ca 276 AD.
Bust type C.pierre_p77
|
|
015a15. TrajanAE25. Seleucia Pieria, Syria. 22mm, 10.24 g. Obv: AVTOK KAIC NER TRAIANOC ARICT CEB GERM DAK, laureate head right. Rev: CELEYKEWN PEIERIAC around, ZEYC KACIOC below, sacred stone of Zeus Kasios with fillet attached, within shrine of four pillars supporting a pyramidal roof surmounted by an eagle, barred Epsilon at lower right. BMC 40; SNG Cop 404.lawrence c
|
|
015a25. TrajanDenarius. Rome. Obv: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P. Laureate and draped bust right. Rev: S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI. Three signa, surmounted by wreath, aquila and hand, respectively.
Woytek 419v; RIC 295. 3.07 g., 20 mm. Naumann Auction 120, Lot 547.
lawrence c
|
|
019 Galba. AE AS 8.2gmobv: SER GALBA IMP AVGVSTVS laur. head r.
rev: QVADRAGNS REMISSAE arch on r. surmounted by two equestrian statues,
to l. three captives, officer behindhill132
|
|
019 Vitellius (69 A.D.), Rome, RIC I 0086, AR-Denarius, XV VIR SACR FAC, Tripod and dolphin, Scarce, #1019 Vitellius (69 A.D.), Rome, RIC I 0086, AR-Denarius, XV VIR SACR FAC, Tripod and dolphin, Scarce, #1
avers: A VITELLIVS GERMAN IMP TR P, Laureate head right.
reverse: XV VIR SACR FAC, Tripod lebes surmounted by dolphin, raven standing right beneath.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,0-19,0mm, weight: 2,72g, axes: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 69 A.D.,
ref: RIC I 86, p-272, RSC 114, BMC 17, Sear 2201var.,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
0195 - Republic, SextansSextans struck in Rome, circa 211-206 BC
Head of Mercury right, wearing petasus, two pellets above helmet
ROMA, Prow of galley right, surmounted by a victory right
5.11 gr
Ref : RCV #1218Potator II
|
|
02 Diocletian: Heraclea Post Reform Radiate"Post-Reform Radiate," 295 - 298 AD, Heraclea mint.
Obverse: IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG / Radiate bust of Diocletian.
Reverse: CONCORDIA MILITVM / Diocletian standing, receiving globe (surmounted by Victory) from Jupiter, also standing and holding sceptre.
Mint mark: HE
3.33 gm., 20 mm.
RIC #13/21; Sear #12833.Callimachus
|
|
02 Octavian RIC I 266Octavian. AR Denarius. Italian Mint, possibly Rome. Autumn 30- summer 29 B.C. (3.45g, 19.8mm, 2h). Obv: Bare head right. Rev: IMP CAESAR on architrave of the Roman Senate House (Curia Julia), with porch supported by four short columns, statue of Victory on globe surmounting apex of roof, and statues of standing figures at the extremities of the architrave. CRI 421; RIC I 266; RSC 122.. Ex Andrew McCabe.Lucas H
|
|
020a04. Lucius VerusAE 20. Caesarea, Cappadocia. 161–169 AD. Obv: AVTOKΡA OYHΡOC CEBACTOC, laureate head right. Rev: KAICAΡEΩN T Π AΡΓAIΩ, Mount Argaios with tall conical top. Date ET Gamma below. Sydenham 360; BMC 198-200.lawrence c
|
|
027 BC-14 AD - AUGUSTUS AR denarius - struck by P. Licinius Stolo, moneyer (17 BC)obv: AVGVSTVS TR POT (Augustus, laureate, wearing cloak and short tunic, on horseback riding right, holding patera in right hand - banker's mark)
rev: P STOLO III VIR (Salii or priest of Mars's cap (same than apex flaminis) between two studded oval shields (ancilia)).
ref: RIC I 344 (R3); BMCRE 76; RSC 439 (80frcs)
mint: Rome
3.53gms,18-19mm
Extremely rare
History: The Ludi Saeculares were spread over a period of three days (from May 31 to June 3), and Augustus celebrated them to inaugurate the beginning of a new age. On the reverse of this coin the ancilias (sacred shields) symbolised the music at festivals. The "jumping priests" or Salii marched to the Regia, where was the shrine of Mars, in which the ancilia (the sacred shield, and its 11 copies) of Mars were stored. The Salii wearing apex, taking the bronze Ancilia, and danced through the streets carrying poles with the shields mounted on them in their left hands. With their other hand, they banged the shields with a drumstick.berserker
|
|
03 04 Tiberius RPC I 3620Tiberius, 14-37 A.D. AR Drachm. Caesarea-Eusebia Mint. (3.61 g, 19.8m, 0) Obv: TIBEPIOS KAISAP SEABASTOS, Laureate head right. Rev: QEOY SEBASTOY YIOS, Mount Argaeus surmounted by a statute of Helios holding orb in right and long scepter verticle in left. Ex Forvm. Lucas H
|
|
03- BRITISH HONDURAS (BELIZE), 25 CENTS, KM9Size: 27.5 mm. Composition: .925 Silver/.1728 oz. Mintage: 20,000.
Grade: Raw F+ (borderline VF).
Comments: Ex-Dan Lewis, Black Mountain Coins.lordmarcovan
|
|
032a10. Maximinus ThraxCILICIA. Ninica-Claudiopolis. Obv: IMP MAXIMINVS PI. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; c/m: circumscribed Δ within incuse circle and incuse star of six rays. Rev: COL NINIC CLAVΔ. Colonist plowing right with yoke of oxen; behind, star and vexillum surmounted by eagle standing right. RPC VI online 6910; for c/m: Howgego 669 and 451. 10.42 g., 30 mm. Naumann Auct 118, Lot 488.
lawrence c
|
|
033a Antoninus pius. AR Denarius 3.3gmobv: DIVVS ANTONINVS bare head r.
rev: CONSECRATIO four tier pyre surmounted by quadriga
hill132
|
|
| 2016 files on 23 page(s) |
1 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
