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Image search results - "Janus"

Nero Dupondius - 65 A.D. - Mint of Rome
Obv. NERO CLAVD CAESAR AVG GER P M TR P IMP P P
Radiate head left
Rev. PACE P R VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT
Temple of Janus with doors closed.
Cohen 174, RIC 290.
1 commentsMaxentius

Anonymous. After 211 BC. Post-reform Bronze As.
Obv.: Janus with I above
Rev.: Prow right with I above and ROMA below.
g. 38,5 mm. 30
Crawford 56/2; Syd 143.

Maxentius

Nero - As - 65/66 - Mint of Rome
Ob.: NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP; laureate head right
Rev.: PACE P R VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT S C; janus temple with doors closed.
gs. 10 mm. 27,8
Cohen 171, RIC 306Maxentius

AR Denarius - M FVRIVS Lf PHILVS - 119 BC. - Gens Furia - Mint of Rome
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus; [M•F]OVRI•L•[F] around
Rev.: Roma standing left erecting trophy, gallic arms around, ROMA to right, PHILI in ex. (PHI in monogram)
Gs. 3,7 mm. 19,6
Crawford 281/1, Sear RCV 1561 commentsMaxentius

AE As -169-158 BC (Grueber 196/173 BC)
VALERIVS - Gens Valeria
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus, I above.
Rev.:Ship's prow right, VAL in monogram above, I before, ROMA below.
Gs. 15,5 mm. 30,9
Craw. 191/1, Sear RCV 710, BMRCC 545. 1 commentsMaxentius

As - 194/190 BC. - Mint of Rome
[Crescent]
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus. Above, I
Rev. Prow right. Above, I and crescent. ROMA below
gs.29,7 mm. 32
Crawf. 137/2, Sear RCV 666, Grueber 579Maxentius

As - 169/157 - Rome mint
L. CORNELIVS CINA - Gens Cornelia
Obv.: Laureate head of janus. Above, I
Rev.: Prow right. Above, CINA. Before, I. Below, ROMA
Gs. 27,7 mm. 29,7
Crawf. 178/1, Sear RCV 699, Grueber 804Maxentius

Cast Aes Grave As (reduced libral series) - 225/217 BC. - Rome mint
Anonymous
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus
Rev.: Prow right, I above
Gr. 250 mm. 60,33
Crawford 35/1, Sear RCV 570

Maxentius

ROMAN REPUBLIC AE As. Janus,
OBVERSE: LAUREATE HEAD OF BEARDED JANUS; I (MARK OF VALUE) ABOVE
REVERSE: PROW OF GALLEY RIGHT; I (MARK OF VALUE) ABOVE
27 GR. 32 MM, ROMA.
CRAWFORD 56/2; SYDENHAM 143Antonivs Protti

C MAIANI Æ As. 153 BC, Rome Mint
Laureate head of Janus right, I above. / Prow right, C MAIANI above, ROMA in ex.
Ref C Maianius, Maiania 2, Syd 428, Cr203/2, MAINI AsAntonivs Protti

6 Nero AE AsNERO
AE As
NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP, laureate head right / PACE P R VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT S-C, the Temple of Janus, latticed window to l., garland hung across closed double doors on the right.
RIC 306, Sear5 #1974

On the rare occasions when Rome was not at war with a foreign enemy the doors of the 'Twin Janus' temple were ceremonially closed, an event which Nero commemorated extensively on the coinage of 65-67 A.D. -- David R. Sear, Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol 1
RI0042Sosius

54Nero 54-68 AD
AE as
Obv "NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP"
Laureate head right
Rev "PACE P R VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT SC"
Temple of Janus with doors closed
Rome mint
RIC 306mauseus

54Nero 54-68 AD
AE as
Obv "NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP"
Laureate head right
Rev "PACE P R TERRA MARIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT SC"
Temple of Janus with doors closed
Rome mint
RIC 300mauseus

"As de Nîmes" or "crocodile" Ӕ dupondius of Nemausus (9 - 3 BC), honoring Augustus and AgrippaIMP DIVI F , Heads of Agrippa (left) and Augustus (right) back to back, Agrippa wearing rostral crown and Augustus the oak-wreath / COL NEM, crocodile right chained to palm-shoot with short dense fronds and tip right; two short palm offshoots left and right below, above on left a wreath with two long ties streaming right.

Ó”, 24.5 x 3+ mm, 13.23g, die axis 3h; on both sides there are remains of what appears to be gold plating, perhaps it was a votive offering? Rough edges and slight scrapes on flan typical for this kind of coin, due to primitive technology (filing) of flan preparation.

IMPerator DIVI Filius. Mint of COLonia NEMausus (currently Nîmes, France). Known as "As de Nîmes", it is actually a dupontius (lit. "two-pounder") = 2 ases (sometimes cut in halves to get change). Dupondii were often made out of a golden-colored copper alloy (type of brass) "orichalcum" and this appears to be such case.

Key ID points: oak-wreath (microphotography shows that at least one leaf has a complicated shape, although distinguishing oak from laurel is very difficult) – earlier versions have Augustus bareheaded, no PP on obverse as in later versions, no NE ligature, palm with short fronds with tip right (later versions have tip left and sometimes long fronds). Not typical: no clear laurel wreath together with the rostral crown, gold (?) plating (!), both features really baffling.

But still clearly a "middle" kind of the croc dupondius, known as "type III": RIC I 158, RPC I 524, Sear 1730. It is often conservatively dated to 10 BC - 10 AD, but these days it is usually narrowed to 9/8 - 3 BC.

It is a commemorative issue, honoring the victory over Mark Antony and conquest of Egypt in 30 BC. The heads of Augustus and Agrippa were probably positioned to remind familiar obverses of Roman republican coins with two-faced Janus. Palm branch was a common symbol of victory, in this case grown into a tree, like the victories of Augustus and Agrippa grown into the empire. The two offshoots at the bottom may mean two sons of Agrippa, Gaius and Lucius, who were supposed to be Augustus' heirs and were patrons of the colony. Palm may also be a symbol of the local Nemausian deity, which was probably worshiped in a sacred grove. When these coins were minted, the colony was mostly populated by the settled veterans of Augustus' campaigns, hence the reminiscence of the most famous victory, but some of the original Celtic culture probably survived and was assimilated by Romans. The crocodile is not only the symbol of Egypt, like in the famous Octavian's coins AEGYPTO CAPTA. It is also a representation of Mark Antony, powerful and scary both in water and on land, but a bit slow and stupid. The shape of the crocodile with tail up was specifically chosen to remind of the shape of ship on very common "legionary" denarius series, which Mark Antony minted to pay his armies just before Actium. It is probably also related to the popular contemporary caricature of Cleopatra, riding on and simultaneously copulating with a crocodile, holding a palm branch in her hand as if in triumph. There the crocodile also symbolized Mark Antony.

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was born c. 64-62 BC somewhere in rural Italy. His family was of humble and plebeian origins, but rich, of equestrian rank. Agrippa was about the same age as Octavian, and the two were educated together and became close friends. He probably first served in Caesar's Spanish campaign of 46–45 BC. Caesar regarded him highly enough to send him with Octavius in 45 BC to train in Illyria. When Octavian returned to Rome after Caesar's assassination, Agrippa became his close lieutenant, performing many tasks. He probably started his political career in 43 BC as a tribune of the people and then a member of the Senate. Then he was one of the leading Octavian's generals, finally becoming THE leading general and admiral in the civil wars of the subsequent years.

In 38 as a governor of Transalpine Gaul Agrippa undertook an expedition to Germania, thus becoming the first Roman general since Julius Caesar to cross the Rhine. During this foray he helped the Germanic tribe of Ubii (who previously allied themselves with Caesar in 55 BC) to resettle on the west bank of the Rhine. A shrine was dedicated there, possibly to Divus Caesar whom Ubii fondly remembered, and the village became known as Ara Ubiorum, "Altar of Ubians". This quickly would become an important Roman settlement. Agrippina the Younger, Agrippa's granddaughter, wife of Emperor Claudius and mother of Emperor Nero, would be born there in 15 AD. In 50 AD she would sponsor this village to be upgraded to a colonia, and it would be renamed Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (colony of Claudius [at] the Altar of Agrippinians – Ubii renamed themselves as Agrippinians to honor the augusta!), abbreviated as CCAA, later to become the capital of new Roman province, Germania Inferior.

In 37 BC Octavian recalled Agrippa back to Rome and arranged for him to win the consular elections, he desperately needed help in naval warfare with Sextus Pompey, the youngest son of Pompey the Great, who styled himself as the last supporter of the republican cause, but in reality became a pirate king, an irony since his father was the one who virtually exterminated piracy in all the Roman waters. He forced humiliating armistice on the triumvirs in 39 BC and when Octavian renewed the hostilities a year later, defeated him in a decisive naval battle of Messina. New fleet had to be built and trained, and Agrippa was the man for the job. Agrippa's solution was creating a huge secret naval base he called Portus Iulius by connecting together lakes Avernus, Avernus and the natural inner and outer harbors behind Cape Misenum at the northern end of the Gulf of Naples. He also created a larger type of ship and developed a new naval weapon: harpax – a ballista-launched grapnel shot with mechanisms that allowed pulling enemy ships close for easy boarding. It replaced the previous boarding device that Romans used since the First Punic War, corvus – effective, but extremely cumbersome. A later defence against it were scythe blades on long poles for cutting ropes, but since this invention was developed in secret, the enemy had no chance to prepare anything like it. It all has proved extremely effective: in a series of naval engagements Agrippa annihilated the fleet of Sextus, forced him to abandon his bases and run away. For this Agrippa was awarded an unprecedented honour that no Roman before or after him received: a rostral crown, "corona rostrata", a wreath decorated in front by a prow and beak of a ship.

That's why Virgil (Aeneid VIII, 683-684), describing Agrippa at Actium, says: "…belli insigne superbum, tempora navali fulgent rostrata corona." "…the proud military decoration, gleams on his brow the naval rostral crown". Actium, the decisive battle between forces of Octavian and Mark Antony, may appear boring compared to the war with Sextus, but it probably turned out this way due to Agrippa's victories in preliminary naval engagements and taking over all the strategy from Octavian.

In between the wars Agrippa has shown an unusual talent in city planning, not only constructing many new public buildings etc., but also greatly improving Rome's sanitation by doing a complete overhaul of all the aqueducts and sewers. Typically, it was Augustus who later would boast that "he had found the city of brick but left it of marble", forgetting that, just like in his naval successes, it was Agrippa who did most of the work. Agrippa had building programs in other Roman cities as well, a magnificent temple (currently known as Maison Carrée) survives in Nîmes itself, which was probably built by Agrippa.

Later relationship between Augustus and Agrippa seemed colder for a while, Agrippa seemed to even go into "exile", but modern historians agree that it was just a ploy: Augustus wanted others to think that Agrippa was his "rival" while in truth he was keeping a significant army far away from Rome, ready to come to the rescue in case Augustus' political machinations fail. It is confirmed by the fact that later Agrippa was recalled and given authority almost equal to Augustus himself, not to mention that he married Augustus' only biological child. The last years of Agrippa's life were spent governing the eastern provinces, were he won respect even of the Jews. He also restored Crimea to Roman Empire. His last service was starting the conquest of the upper Danube, were later the province of Pannonia would be. He suddenly died of illness in 12 BC, aged ~51.

Agrippa had several children through his three marriages. Through some of his children, Agrippa would become ancestor to many subsequent members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. He has numerous other legacies.Yurii P

(06) NERO54-68 AD
struck ca 65 AD
Æ As 29.5 mm 9.38 g
O: NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP, laureate head right
R: Temple of Janus, doors to the right; S/C
RIC I 306laney

(500a) Roman Republic, 119 BC, M. Furius Philius - Furia 18Roman Republic, 119 BC, M. Furius Philius - Furia 18. Crawford 281/1, Sydenham 529; 19mm, 3.23 grams. aVF, Rome; Obverse: laureate head of Janus, M FORVRI L F around; Reverse: Roma standing left erecting trophy, Galic arms around, PHLI in exergue. Ex Ephesus Numismatics.

Gauis Marius
As a novus homo, or new man, Marius found the rise in the Roman cursus honorum ( "course of honours"-- the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in the Roman Republic) a daunting challenge. It is certain that he used his old family client contacts and his military relations as a source of support. Among these contacts were the powerful Metelli family, and their early support was to prove to be a disaster for them. Just a few short years after his service as Quaestor, Marius was elected Tribune of the Plebes in 119 BC. In this position so soon after the political turmoil and murder of the Gracchi brothers (Gaius murdered 123 BC), Marius chose to follow the populares path, making a name for himself under similar auspices. As Tribune, he would ensure the animosity of the conservative faction of the Senate, and the Metelli, by passing popular laws forbidding the inspection of ballot boxes. In do doing, he directly opposed the powerful elite, who used ballot inspection as a way to intimidate voters in the citizen assembly elections.

Marius would go on to be elected Consul seven times and figure prominantly in the civil unrest of the early eighties as Lucius Cornelius Sulla's opponent. In 88 BC, Sulla had been elected Consul. There was now a choice before the Senate about which general to send to Asia (a potentially lucrative command): either Marius or Sulla. The Senate chose Sulla, but soon the Assembly appointed Marius. In this unsavory episode of low politics, Marius had been helped by the unscrupulous actions of Publius Sulpicius Rufus, whose debts Marius had promised to erase. Sulla refused to acknowledge the validity of the Assembly's action.

Sulla left Rome and traveled to "his"army waiting in Nola, the army the Senate had asked him to lead to Asia. Sulla urged his legions to defy the Assembly's orders and accept him as their rightful leader. Sulla was successful, and the legions murdered the representatives from the Assembly. Sulla then commanded six legions to march with him opon Rome and institute a civil war.

This was a momentous event, and was unforeseen by Marius, as no Roman army had ever marched upon Rome—it was forbidden by law and ancient tradition.

Sulla was to eventually rule Rome as Dictator. In his book Rubicon, historian Tom Holland argues that Sulla's actions had no lasting negative effect upon the health of the Republic, that Sulla was at heart a Republican. However, once a Roman general has defied Republican tradition, once a Roman general has used his command to combat fellow Romans, once a Roman general has set-up himself as Dictator--it follows that the decision to replicate these decsions (think: Caesar and Rubicon) is that much more easiely taken.

J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.

Cleisthenes

001d2. Pompey JuniorCnaeus Pompey Jr

46-45 BC. Obverse: Head of Janus
Reverse: CN MAG, prow of galley right, IMP below. 34.35 mm,
22.65 grams. Crawford 471/1; Sydenham 1040; RPC I 486. Corduba mint. lawrence c

002 - Trajan (98-117 AD), denarius - RIC 49Obv: IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG GERM, laureate head right.
Rev: P M TR P COS IIII P P, Hercules, nude, standing facing on pedestal with club, apple and lion skin.
Minted in Rome 101-103 AD.1 commentspierre_p77

003. Tiberius (14 AD - 37 AD)Tiberius.

Hard and secretive by nature and embittered by the neglect with which his step- father allowed him to be treated, he did not arouse personal enthusiasm, and until recently was described by historians as a bloody tyrant. It is only during the last sixty years that he has been more fairly judged, and at present the opinion begins to prevail that he was a genuine Roman, a ruler faithful to his duties, just, wise, and self-contained. The strong opposition which grew up against him was due to his taciturn and domineering disposition, and to the influence of the prefect of the guard, Ælius Sejanus, who alone possessed his confidence.

Lugdunum mint. TI CAESAR DIVI AVG AVGVSTVS, laureate head right / PONTIF MAXIM, Livia, as Pax, seated right, holding olive branch & long scepter RSC 16a. Ex Calgaryecoli

003a. DrususDrusus

Tiberius' son, Drusus Caesar, d. 23, called Drusus Junior, served in the provinces Pannonia ( 15) and in Illyricum ( 17? 20). In 22 he was made tribune. Meanwhile, Sejanus, Tiberius' minister, had become jealous of Drusus' power and tried to turn Tiberius against him. Drusus may have been poisoned by Sejanus or by his wife under Sejanus' influence.

As. Sear 2594, restitution issue by Titus. 10.0 g, 26x27 mm. Glossy dark green patina with slight roughness. OBV.: Drusus left, DRVSVS CAESAR TI AVG F DIVI AVG N. REV.: IMP T CAES DIVI VESP F AVG REST around SC. 1 commentsecoli

003b. DrususSon of Tiberius. He was the potential heir to the throne, but died at age 36, probably by poison administered by his wife who was involved with the praefect Sejanus.
lawrence c

004f. Nero Caesar & Drusus CaesarBrothers of Caligula, who struck posthumous coins. Both killed by plots of Sejanus, the praetorian prefect, in 31 and 33 AD respectively.lawrence c

005a. AntoniaAntonia

she exposed a plot between her daughter Livilla and Sejanus, Tiberius's Praetorian Prefect. This led to Sejanus's downfall and to the death of Livilla. Claudius, her biggest disappointment (she once called him a "monster") was the only one of her children to survive her.

She committed suicide in 37 AD on Caligula's orders after expressing unhappiness over the murder of her youngest grandson, Tiberius Gemellus. There is a passage in Suetonius's "Life of Gaius" that mentions how Caligula may have given her poison himself. Renowned for her beauty and virtue, Antonia spent her long life revered by the Roman people and enjoyed many honors conferred upon her by her relatives.

Æ Dupondius (10.61 gm). Struck by Claudius. Draped bust right / Claudius standing left, holding simpulum. RIC I 92 (Claudius); BMCRE 166 (same); Cohen 6. Ex-CNG

Checkecoli

006 - Nero (54-68 AD), As - RIC 347Obv: IMP NERO CAESAR AVG GERM, laureate head right.
Rev: PACE P R VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S - C in fields, temple of Janus with closed doors on right.
Minted in Rome c. 66 AD.

(Sold)
pierre_p77

006. Nero (54 AD - 68 AD) Nero, last of the Julio-Claudians, had been placed in the difficult position of absolute authority at a young age coupled with the often-contradictory efforts of those in a position to manipulate him. Augustus, however, had not been much older when he began his bid for power, and so a great deal of the responsibility for Nero's conduct must also rest with the man himself. Nero's reign was not without military operations (e.g., the campaigns of Corbulo against the Parthians, the suppression of the revolt of Boudicca in Britain), but his neglect of the armies was a critical error.

Nero As, 26x27 mm, 10.0 g. Obverse: Nero laureate right, NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP. Reverse: Temple of Janus, with latticed window to left and closed double doors to right, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, SC.

Check1 commentsecoli

0089 - Denarius Furia 119 BCObv/ M FOVRI L F, laureate head of Janus.
Rev/ Roma standing l., holding sceptre in l. hand and crowning trophy with r. hand; behind, ROMA; above, star; on the l. field, trophy surmounted by a helmet in the form of a boar's head and flanked by carnyx and shield on each side; in ex. PHILI.

Ag, 19.1 mm, 3.90 g
Moneyer: M. Furius L.f. Philus.
Mint: Rome.
RRC 281/1 [dies o/r: 393/491] - BMCRR Italy 555 - Bab. Furia 18 - Sydenham 529
ex-inAsta, auction 38, lot 473dafnis

01-01 - As Emision Anonima (211 - 206 A.C.)AE AS 34 mm 34.1 gr
Anv: Cabeza bifronte barbada y laureada de Jano - "I" (Marca de valor = 1 AS) sobre la cabeza.
Rev: Proa de galera a derecha - "ROMA" debajo e "I" en campo derecho.

Ceca: Roma
Referencias: Sear RCTV Vol.1 #627 Pag.191 - Craw RRC #56/2 - Syd CRR #143 - BMCRR #217mdelvalle

014 Nero (54-68 A.D.), RIC I 0348, Rome, AE-As, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S-C,014 Nero (54-68 A.D.), RIC I 0348, Rome, AE-As, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S-C,
avers: IMP-NERO-CAESAR-AVG-GERM, Laureate head left.
revers: PACE-PR-VBIQ-PARTA-IANVM-CLVSIT, View of one front of the temple of Janus, with latticed window to left, and garland hung across closed double doors on the right, S C across fields.
exe: S/C//--, diameter: 27mm, weight: 11,14g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 66 AD., ref: RIC-348, C-,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

0168 - Republic, AsAs minted in Rome, circa 211-206 BC
No legend, head of janus
Prow of galley right, ROMA at exergue, I above galley
37.22 gr
Ref RCV # 627Potator II

02-10 - M. ATILIUS SARANUS (148 A.C.)AE AS 29 mm 20.4 gr
Anv: Cabeza bifronte barbada y laureada de Jano - "I" (Marca de valor = 1 AS) sobre la cabeza.
Rev: Proa de galera a derecha - "M.ATILI" arriba, "ROMA" debajo e "I" en campo derecho.

Ceca: Roma
Referencias: Sear RCTV Vol.1 #727 Pag.200 - Craw RRC #214/2a - Syd CRR #399 - BMCRR #692mdelvalle

02-10 - M. ATILIUS SARANUS (148 A.C.)AE AS 29 mm 20.4 gr
Anv: Cabeza bifronte barbada y laureada de Jano - "I" (Marca de valor = 1 AS) sobre la cabeza.
Rev: Proa de galera a derecha - "M.ATILI" arriba, "ROMA" debajo e "I" en campo derecho.

Ceca: Roma

Referencias: Sear RCTV Vol.1 #727 Pag.200 - Craw RRC #214/2a - Syd CRR #399 - BMCRR #692mdelvalle

027 BC-14 AD - AVGVSTVS AE as - struck by Ascinius Gallus moneyer (16 BC)obv: CAESAR AVGVSTVS TRIBVNIC POTEST (bare head right)
rev: C ASINIVS C F GALLVS III VIR AAAFF around large SC
ref: RIC I 373, Cohen 369 (2frcs)
mint: Rome
9.60gms, 25mm

Ascinius Gallus, the former moneyer was an important senator, who married Vipsania, the daughter of Agrippa. On the death of Augustus, briefly, he was offered as a possible alternate to the throne, instead of Tiberius. After the death of Vipsania, he was also an ally of Agrippina Senior, and the "leak green party," a possible plot against the throne identified by Sejanus. He was executed for treason by Tiberius during the Praetorian Prefect's nominal rule of the capital.berserker

027 Traianus (98-117 A.D.), Rome, RIC II 0588, AE-As, S•P•Q•R•OPTIMO PRINCIPI, S/C//--, Aquila on standard, between two standards, #1027 Traianus (98-117 A.D.), Rome, RIC II 0588, AE-As, S•P•Q•R•OPTIMO PRINCIPI, S/C//--, Aquila on standard, between two standards, #1
avers: IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, Laureate, head right with aegis.
reverse: S•P•Q•R•OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Aquila on standard, between two standards.
exergue: S/C//--, diameter: 26,5-27,5mm, weight: 12,05g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 103-111 A.D.,
ref: RIC II 588, p-, C-,
Q-001

1 commentsquadrans

028/3 Didrachm/Quadrigatus Anonymous. AR Didrachm-Quadrigatus. Uncertain or Rome Mint c. 225-214 B.C. (6.26g, 20.9m, 9h). Obv: Laureate head of Janus. Rev: Jupiter, hurling Thunderbolt and holding scepter in Quadriga right driven by Victory. Roma in relief in linear frame. Craw. 28/3, Syd. 65, RSC 24. CNG276/320.

One of Rome’s pre-denarius silver coins issued before the Second Punic War, and the introduction of the denarius circa 214-211 B.C.

I wanted to trace the evolution of Roman coinage, so I couldn’t pass this one up when I saw it. More information on the type can be found here: andrewmccabe.ancients.info.

2 commentsLucas H

03 - Trajan Tetradrachm - Bust of Nilus - Radiate bust of TrajanRoman Empire
Emperor Trajan (98 - 117 AD)
Tetradrachm from the mint at Alexandria, Egypt.
Regnal Year: 20 = 116/117 AD.

(titles in Greek)
obv: Radiate bust of Trajan facing right. Star to right, below chin.
rev: Bust of Nilus, wearing taenia, crowned with reeds and lotus, facing right, lotus bud and cornucopia by right shoulder. Date in fields.

Weight: 13.04 Grams
-------2 commentsrexesq

031 Matidia ( -119 A.D.), AR-Denarius, RIC II 759 (Trajanus), Rome, PIETAS AVGVST, Matidia as Pietas with Sabina and Matidia Minor, Modern Fake !!!031 Matidia ( -119 A.D.), AR-Denarius, RIC II 759 (Trajanus), Rome, PIETAS AVGVST, Matidia as Pietas with Sabina and Matidia Minor, Modern Fake !!!
Matidia Daughter of Marciana, niece of Trajan. Augusta, 112-119 A.D.
avers:- MATIDIA-AVG-DIVA-F-MARCIANAE-F, Draped bust of Matidia right.
revers:- PIETAS AVGVST, Matidia as Pietas standing holding hands with Sabina and Matidia Minor.
exerg: -/-//--, diameter: 18,5mm, weight:g, axis: h,
mint: Rome, date: 103-111 A.D., ref: RIC II 759 (Trajanus), p-, BMC-660, RSC-10,
Q-001
Struck. Die-engraver "Lipanoff Studio"
Published: Sofia 2004, no.47
I. Prokopov
1 commentsquadrans

035/5 AES Grave Sextans Janus-ProwAnonymous. Aes Grave Sextans. Rome Mint. 225-217 BC. (42.49g; 33.94mm) Obv: Head of Mercury left, oo. Rev: Prow r, oo.
Crawford 35/5

Ex: Holding HistoryPaddy

04 - Trajan Tetradrachm - 101/102 AD - EagleRoman Empire
Emperor Trajan (98 - 117 AD)
AR/BI Tetradrachm from Alexandria, Egypt.
Regnal Year: 5 = (101 / 102 AD)

(titles in Greek)
obv: Laureate head right.

rev: Eagle standing facing right; 'L E' (date) in either field.3 commentsrexesq

056/4 Subgroup 85 & 86A AE TriensAnonymous. Ae Triens. Apulia. 212-208 BC. (9.08 g, 23.72 g) Obv: Helmeted head of Minerva right, four pellets above. Rev: ROMA, prow right, four pellets below.

Originally defined as Crawford 56/4, this type of Triens have been assigned to subgroup 85 & 86A. This is a Q or H triens, that is missing the Q or H. Andrew McCabe gives the subgroup the number F1 which has the following characteristics:

"Mint: Apulia. Second Punic war. Related to RRC 85 H, and RRC 86 anchor and Q. Obverses are in high relief. The general style, for examples Janus, or Hercules’ truncation, or the regular reverse prow, is like RRC 86 anchor and Q. Reverses of Sextans and Quadrans have either regular, or Luceria style, prows with a club in an elevated fighting platform. On regular reverses, the top and central keel lines join half way across prow. Flans are thin and broad akin to late issues of Luceria. All denominations As through Sextans are known."

"The regular reverse prow is tall (height/width) with a fighting platform and deck structure elevated more than usual, and there is always a line extending either side of the deck structure. The keel-lines are also distinctive, with the middle of the three lines always converging with the top line half way across the prow... These specific design features – especially the middle keel line converging with the upper line half way across the prow – are identical with and typical of the RRC 86A Q series from Apulia58... The obverses of all denominations are in high relief, and show high quality engraving."

"So a close geographic and timing link between the Anchor Q, H, L, L-T, CA and P coins can be posited. These coins are certainly a second Punic war issue from Apulia. It remains open for discussion which city minted these group F1 coins, presumably alongside the RRC 85 and RRC 86 issues."

This is one out of six specimens: "F1 Triens: 6 coins, mean 9.4 grams, heaviest 10.5 grams".

All quotes are from the work of Andrew McCabe.

Link to thread at Forvm Ancient Coins: http://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/index.php?topic=90604.0

On this topic at Andrew McCabe's homepage: http://andrewmccabe.ancients.info/RRC056.html

I would strongly recommend anyone who wants to learn more about Roman Republican coins to give Andrew McCabe's homepage a visit.

1 commentsPaddy

068 - Geta denarius - RIC 079Obv:– P SEPT GETA PIVS AVG BRIT, Laureate head right
Rev:– TR P III COS II P P, Janus, two-headed, standing front, looking left and right, naked to waist, holding vertical reverse spear in right hand and thunderbolt in left.
Minted in Rome. A.D. 211
Reference:– BMC P. 422, 13. RIC 79 (Scarce). RSC 197. 19 examples in RD.maridvnvm

0748 Hadrian AS Roma 124-27 AD Janus Quadrifrons Reference.
RIC II, 662; C 281; Strack 601; RIC III, 748

Bust A2

Obv. HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS
Laureate head with drapery

Rev. COS III S C in field
Janus Quadrifrons standing front, with faces visible to the front and both sides, holding sceptre

12.06 gr
26 mm
6hokidoki

1163 - D. Junius L.F. Silanus, AsAs minted in Rome, 91 BC
No legend, Head of Janus
D SILANVS L F, Prow of galley right
12.08 gr
Ref : RCV # 738

The following comment from : http://www.forumancientcoins.com/historia/historia.htm

"Decimus Junius Silanus was the son of M. Junius Silanus, who commanded the army that was defeated by the Germanic Cimbri in Transalpine Gaul.

Decimus was the stepfather of Marcus Brutus, the murderer of Caesar, having married his mother Servilia. He was elected consul in 63 for the following year ; and in consequence of his being consul designatus, he was first asked for his opinion by Cicero in the debate in the senate on the punishment of the Catilinarian conspirators. He was consul 62, with L. Licinius Morena, along with whom he proposed the Lex Licinia Julia".
Potator II

118 – TRAIANVS DECIVSTrajan Decius was Roman emperor from 249 to 251.

for obverse, reverse and coin details click here
shanxi

119 B.C., M. Furius, L.f. Philus, Rebublic AR-Denarius, Crawford-281-1, Rome, Roma standing left erecting trophy, ROMA, #1119 B.C., M. Furius, L.f. Philus, Rebublic AR-Denarius, Crawford-281-1, Rome, Roma standing left erecting trophy, ROMA, #1
avers: M•FOVRI•L•F around, Laureate head of Janus.
reverse: Roma standing left erecting trophy, gallic arms around, ROMA to right, PHLI in ex.
exergue: -/-//PHLI, diameter: 18,0-21,0mm, weight: 3,85g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 119 B.C., ref: Crawford 281-1, Syd 529, Furia-18,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

119 BC M. Furius L. f. PhilusM FOVRI L F
Laur. head of Janus

ROMA to right PHILI in ex (PHI in monogram)
Roma standing left crowning trophy with carnyx and shield on each side, star above Roma

Rome 119 BC

3.89g

Crawford 281/1; Sydenham 529; BMC 555

Commemorates the victories over the Allobroges and the Arverni in Gaul in 121 BC by CN Domitius Ahenobarbus and Q. Fabius Maximus only a few years earlier

Ex-Baranowsky Roma4 commentsJay GT4

14-04 - NERON (54 - 68 D.C.)AE AS 27 x 25 mm 11.2 gr.

Anv: "NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP" - Busto laureado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "PACE P.R. VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVS[IT] - S C" – Templo de los gemelos Jano (Ianus Geminus) mostrando sus puertas dobles cerradas a la derecha y en la pared lateral izquierda una larga ventana enrejada .

Acuñada 4ta. Emisión 65 D.C.
Ceca: Roma
Rareza: C

Referencias: RIC Vol.1 #306 Pag.168 - Sear RCTV Vol.1 #1974 Pag.390 - BMCRE #227 - Cohen Vol.1 #171 Pag.290 - DVM #30 Pag.87 - CBN #400 - Mac Dowall WCN #288mdelvalle

14-14 - NERON (54 - 68 D.C.)AE AS 27 x 25 mm 11.2 gr.

Anv: "NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP" - Busto laureado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "PACE P.R. VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVS[IT] - S C" – Templo de los gemelos Jano (Ianus Geminus) mostrando sus puertas dobles cerradas a la derecha y en la pared lateral izquierda una larga ventana enrejada .

Acuñada 4ta. Emisión 65 D.C.
Ceca: Roma
Rareza: C

Referencias: RIC Vol.1 #306 Pag.168 - Sear RCTV Vol.1 #1974 Pag.390 - BMCRE #227 - Cohen Vol.1 #171 Pag.290 - DVM #30 Pag.87 - CBN #400 - Mac Dowall WCN #288mdelvalle

1477 - Sextus Pompey, AsAs struck in Sicily c.43-36 BC
Head of Janus with features of Pompey the Great, MAGN above
Prow of galley right, PIVS IMP in field
16.57 gr
Ref : HCRI # 336, RCV #1394, Cohen #161 commentsPotator II

196/1 AE AsAnonymous [Star]. Æ As. Rome Mint. c 169-158 BC. (32 mm, 17.95 g, 4 h) Rev: Laureate head of Janus; above, I. Obv: Prow of galley right; above, star; before, I; below, ROMA.
BMCRR 461; Syd 264; Crawford 196/1

Reddish-brown patina with some black spots. Nearly very fine.
A duplicate from the RBW Collection of Roman Republican Coins. Purchased privately from Frank Kovacs in 1988

Ex: Triskles Paddy

1am DrususHeir to throne until assassination by Sejanus in 23

As

Bare head, left, DRVSVS CAESAR TI AVG F DIVI AVG N
PONTIF TRIBVN POTEST ITER SC

RIC 45

Nero Claudius Drusus, later adopted as Drusus Julius Caesar (13BC - 23AD), called Drusus the Younger, was the only child of Tiberius and his first wife, Vipsania Agrippina. Tiberius and Drusus delivered the only two eulogies for Augustus in front of the temple to the god Julius. In 14, after the death of Augustus, Drusus suppressed a mutiny in Pannonia. In 15 he became consul. He governed Illyricum from 17 to 20. In 21 he was again consul, while in 22 he received tribunicia potestas (tribunician power), a distinction reserved solely for the emperor or his immediate successor. Drusus married his paternal cousin Livilla in 4. Their daughter Julia was born shortly after. Their son Tiberius Gemellus (his twin brother Germanicus Gemellus died in infancy) was born in 19. By 23 Drusus, who made no secret of his antipathy towards Sejanus, looked likely to succeed Tiberius as emperor. Sources concur that with Livilla as his accomplice Sejanous poisoned her husband Drusus.

Suetonius says, "He lacked affection not only for his adopted son Germanicus, but even for his own son Drusus the Younger, whose vices were inimical to him, Drusus indeed pursing loose and immoral ways. So inimical, that Tiberius seemed unaffected by his death (in 23AD), and quickly took up his usual routine after the funeral, cutting short the period of mourning. When a deputation from Troy offered him belated condolences, he smiled as if at a distant memory, and offered them like sympathy for the loss of their famous fellow-citizen Hector!"Blindado

1bc Trajan98-117

Sestertius
Laureate head, right, IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V PP
Roma and kneeling Dacian, SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI SC

RIC 485

Eutropius enthused: To [Nerva] succeeded ULPIUS CRINITUS TRAJANUS, born at Italica in Spain, of a family rather ancient than eminent for his father was the first consul in it. He was chosen emperor at Agrippina, a city of Gaul. He exercised the government in such a manner, that he is deservedly preferred to all the other emperors. He was a man of extraordinary skill in managing affairs of state, and of remarkable courage. The limits of the Roman empire, which, since the reign of Augustus, had been rather defended than honourably enlarged, he extended far and wide. He rebuilt some cities in Germany; he subdued Dacia by the overthrow of Decebalus, and formed a province beyond the Danube, in that territory which the Thaiphali, Victoali, and Theruingi now occupy. This province was a thousand miles in circumference.

He recovered Armenia, which the Parthians had seized, putting to death Parthamasires who held the government of it. He gave a king to the Albani. He received into alliance the king of the Iberians, Sarmatians, Bosporani, Arabians, Osdroeni, and Colchians. He obtained the mastery over the Cordueni and Marcomedi, as well as over Anthemusia, an extensive region of Persia. He conquered and kept possession of Seleucia, Ctesiphon, Babylon, and the country of the Messenii. He advanced as far as the boundaries of India, and the Red Sea, where he formed three provinces, Armenia, Assyria, and Mesopotamia, including the tribes which border on Madena. He afterwards, too, reduced Arabia into the form of a province. He also fitted out a fleet for the Red Sea, that he might use it to lay waste the coasts of India.

Yet he went beyond his glory in war, in ability and judgment as a ruler, conducting himself as an equal towards all, going often to his friends as a visitor, either when they were ill, or when they were celebrating feast days, and entertaining them in his turn at banquets where there was no distinction of rank, and sitting frequently with them in their chariots; doing nothing unjust towards any of the senators, nor being guilty of any dishonesty to fill his treasury; exercising liberality to all, enriching with offices of trust, publicly and privately, every body whom he had known even with the least familiarity; building towns throughout the world, granting many immunities to states, and doing every thing with gentleness and kindness; so that during his whole reign, there was but one senator condemned, and he was sentenced by the senate without Trajan's knowledge. Hence, being regarded throughout the world as next to a god, he deservedly obtained the highest veneration both living and dead. . . .

After having gained the greatest glory both in the field and at home, he was cut off, as he was returning from Persia, by a diarrhoea, at Seleucia in Isauria. He died in the sixty-third year, ninth month, and fourth day of his age, and in the nineteenth year, sixth month, and fifteenth day of his reign. He was enrolled among the gods, and was the only one of all the emperors that was buried within the city. His bones, contained in a golden urn, lie in the forum which he himself built, under a pillar whose height is a hundred and forty-four feet. So much respect has been paid to his memory, that, even to our own times, they shout in acclamations to the emperors, "More fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan!" Blindado

1be Hadrian117-138

Sestertius
Laureate head, right, HADRIANVUS AVG COS III PP
Fortuna standing left with rudder on globe and cornucopia, FORTVNA AVG

RIC 759

According to the Historia Augusta, "Bereft of his father at the age of ten, he became the ward of Ulpius Trajanus, his cousin, then of praetorian rank, but afterwards emperor, and of Caelius Attianus, a knight. He then grew rather deeply devoted to Greek studies, to which his natural tastes inclined so much that some called him 'Greekling. . . .' In the 105-106 second Dacian war, Trajan appointed him to the command of the First Legion, the Minervia, and took him with him to the war; and in this campaign his many remarkable deeds won great renown. . . . On taking possession of the imperial power
Hadrian at once resumed the policy of the early emperors and devoted his attention to maintaining peace throughout the world. . . . [I]n this letter to the Senate he apologized because he had not left it the right to decide regarding his accession, explaining that the unseemly haste of the troops in acclaiming him emperor was due to the belief that the state could not be without an emperor. . . . He was, in the same person, austere and genial, dignified and playful, dilatory and quick to act, niggardly and generous, deceitful and straightforward, cruel and merciful, and always in all things changeable. . . . Hadrian's memory was vast and his ability was unlimited ; for instance, he personally dictated his speeches and gave opinions on all questions. He was also very witty. . . ."

After this Hadrian departed for Baiae, leaving Antoninus at Rome to carry on the government. But he received no benefit there, and he thereupon
sent for Antoninus, and in his presence he died there at Baiae on the sixth day before the Ides of July.

According to Eutropius: After the death of Trajan, AELIUS HADRIAN was made emperor, not from any wish to that effect having been expressed by Trajan himself, but through the influence of Plotina, Trajan's wife; for Trajan in his life-time had refused to adopt him, though he was the son of his cousin. He also was born at Italica in Spain. Envying Trajan's glory, he immediately gave up three of the provinces which Trajan had added to the empire, withdrawing the armies from Assyria, Mesopotamia, and Armenia, and deciding that the Euphrates should be the boundary of the empire. When he was proceeding, to act similarly with regard to Dacia, his friends dissuaded him, lest many Roman citizens should be left in the hands of the barbarians, because Trajan, after he had subdued Dacia, had transplanted thither an infinite number of men from the whole Roman world, to people the country and the cities; as the land had been exhausted of inhabitants in the long war maintained by Decebalus.

He enjoyed peace, however, through the whole course of his reign; the only war that he had, he committed to the conduct of a governor of a province. He went about through the Roman empire, and founded many edifices. He spoke with great eloquence in the Latin language, and was very learned in the Greek. He had no great reputation for clemency, but was very attentive to the state of the treasury and the discipline of the soldiers. He died in Campania, more than sixty years old, in the twenty-first year, tenth month, and twenty-ninth day of his reign. The senate was unwilling to allow him divine honours; but his successor Titus Aurelius Fulvius Antonius, earnestly insisting on it, carried his point, though all the senators were openly opposed to him. 1 commentsBlindado

1cl Gordian III238-244

Antoninianus

Radiate, draped & cuirassed bust, right, IMP GORDINVS PIVS FEL AVG
Laetitia standing right with wreath & anchor, LAETITIA AVG N

RIC 86

Continuing his story of the deaths of Balbinus and Pupienus, Herodian wrote: Leaving the corpses exposed in the street, the praetorians took up Gordian Caesar and proclaimed him emperor, since at the moment they could find no other candidate for the office. Proclaiming that they had only killed the men whom the people did not want to rule them in the first place, they chose as emperor this Gordian who was descended from the Gordian whom the Romans themselves had forced to accept the rule. Keeping their emperor Gordian with them, they went off to the praetorian camp. . . . Gordian, at the age of about thirteen, was designated emperor and assumed the burden of the Roman empire. . . .

Eutropius continued the story: After Gordian, when quite a boy, had married Tranquillina at Rome, he opened the temple of Janus, and, setting out for the east, made war upon the Parthians, who were then proceeding to make an irruption. This war he soon conducted with success, and made havoc of the Persians in great battles. As he was returning, he was killed, not far from the Roman boundaries, by the treachery of Philip who reigned after him. The Roman soldiers raised a monument for him, twenty miles from Circessus, which is now a fortress of the Romans, overlooking the Euphrates. His relics they brought to Rome, and gave him the title of god. Blindado

2. Anonymous. 206-195 BC. Ã† As (33mm, 26.72 gm)Anonymous. 206-195 BC. Æ As (33mm, 26.72 gm). Laureate head of Janus; I above / Prow of galley right; meta above, I before. Crawford 124/3; Sydenham 260; BMCRR -. Near VF, brown patina.

Ex Goodman Collection (Classical Numismatic Group 45, 18 March 1998), lot 1306.

Ex Cng sale 100 lot 110. 71/75

Check
1 commentsecoli

200/2. Pinaria - as (155 BC)AE As (Rome, 155 BC)
O/ Laureate head of Janus; I above.
R/ Prow right; NAT above; I before; ROMA below.
26.59g; 33mm
Crawford 200/2 (13 specimens in Paris)

* Pinarius Natta:

This moneyer came from the old patrician gens Pinaria (Cicero, De Divinatione, ii. 21). Despite its ancestry, this gens produced very few noteworthy members, although some of them are recorded until the empire.

The cognomen Natta is old; the first known Pinarius to bear it was Lucius Pinarius Natta, Magister Equitum in 363, and Praetor in 349 BC. Then, nobody else of that name is recorded until our moneyer, and his probable brother (RRC 208, 150 BC), who are both completely unknown apart from their coins. Finally, the last Natta of the Republic was a Pontifex in 56, brother-in-law to Clodius Pulcher, the famous Tribune (Cicero, Pro Domo, 118). It seems that the Nattae had lost their political influence early, but retained some religious duties until the end of the Republic, as Cicero says that they learnt "their sacred ceremonies from Hercules himself" (Pro Domo, 134).

The Pinarii indeed claimed to descend from a mythical Pinarius, who had welcomed Hercules with a banquet when he came to Latium (Livy, i. 7). This myth was so deeply stuck in the Roman mythology that it was still used by Caracalla on an unique aureus (leu 93, lot 68).Joss

211 AD - GETA Augustus denariusobv: P SEPT GETA PIVS AVG BRIT (laureate head right)
rev: TR P III COS II P P (Janus standing facing left & right, holding spear & thunderbolt)
ref: RIC IVi 79, RSC 197,197a
mint: Rome
3.1 gms, 19.5 mm

Geta was killed in late December 211. His memory was condemned, his name removed from inscriptions, his face removed from sculptures and paintings. Official restoration of Geta's reputation came with the arrival of the emperor Elagabalus to Rome in 219, when Geta's remains were translated into the Mausoleum of Hadrian to join those of his father and brother.
Janus was the Roman god of doors, and of beginnings and endings. Of course, the month we know today as January was also named for Janus. berserker

24-04 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.9 gr.

Anv: "IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P" - Busto laureado viendo a derecha, leve ropaje en hombro trasero.
Rev: "SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI" - Abundantia (La Abundancia) de pié de frente viendo a izquierda, portando espigas de maiz en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda. A sus pies un niño parado sosteniendo un panecillo. "ALIM ITAL"
Refiere a los Programas de caridad de Trajano para los niños pobres de Italia

Acuñada 112 - 117 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #243 Pag.261 - RSC Vol.II #9 Pag. 83 - BMCRE #469 - Cohen Vol.II #9 Pag.18 - DVM #33 Pag.121 - St. Vol.I #172mdelvalle

24-05 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.9 gr.

Anv: "IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P" - Busto laureado viendo a derecha, leve ropaje en hombro trasero.
Rev: "SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI" - Abundantia (La Abundancia) de pié de frente viendo a izquierda, portando espigas de maiz en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda. A sus pies un niño parado sosteniendo un panecillo. "ALIM ITAL"
Refiere a los Programas de caridad de Trajano para los niños pobres de Italia

Acuñada 112 - 117 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #243 Pag.261 - RSC Vol.II #9 Pag. 83 - BMCRE #469 - Cohen Vol.II #9 Pag.18 - DVM #33 Pag.121 - St. Vol.I #172mdelvalle

24-06 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.4 gr.

Anv: "IMP CAES NER TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GERM DAC" - Busto laureado, vestido y acorazado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "P M TR P COS VI P P SPQR" - Fortuna sedente en trono a izquierda, portando timon en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda. "FORT RED" en exergo

Acuñada 114 - 117 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #318D Pag.267 - Sear RCTV Vol.II #3139 Pag.102 - RSC Vol.II #191 Pag. 89 - BMCRE #581 - Cohen Vol.II #154 Pag. - DVM #15 Pag.120 - St. Vol.I #235 - UCR #709mdelvalle

24-07 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.9 gr.

Anv: "IMP [CAES] NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC" - Busto laureado, vestido y acorazado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "PARTHICO P M TR PCOS VI P P SPQR" - Felicitas (La Felicidad) de pié de frente viendo a izquierda, sosteniendo caduceo en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda.

Acuñada 114 - 117 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #329 Pag.267 - Sear RCTV Vol.II #3141 Pag.102 - RSC Vol.II #191 Pag. 89 - BMCRE #626 - Cohen Vol.II #191 var Pag.39 - DVM #20/2 Pag.120 - St. Vol.I #251mdelvalle

24-08 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.9 gr.

Anv: "IMP [CAES] NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC" - Busto laureado, vestido y acorazado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "PARTHICO P M TR PCOS VI P P SPQR" - Felicitas (La Felicidad) de pié de frente viendo a izquierda, sosteniendo caduceo en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda.

Acuñada 114 - 117 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #332 Pag.268 - Sear RCTV Vol.II #3141 Pag.102 - RSC Vol.II #191 Pag. 89 - BMCRE #626 - Cohen Vol.II #191 var Pag.39 - DVM #20/2 Pag.120 - St. Vol.I #251 - UCR #761mdelvalle

24-12 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AE Cuadrante 18 x 16 mm 3.8 gr.

Anv: "IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG" - Busto laureado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "S C" - Loba caminando hacia la izquierda.

Acuñada 107 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #694 Pag.293 - Sear RCTV Vol.II #3246 Pag.117 -BMCRE #1061 - Cohen Vol.II #340 Pag.54 - Hill UCR #450mdelvalle

24-16 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AE AS 27 mm 11.3 gr.

Anv: "IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG GERM [P M]" - Busto laureado viendo a derecha.
Rev: "[TR POT] COS II P P - [S] C" - Victoria avanzando a izquierda, portando palma en mano derecha y escudo en izquierda donde se lee "SPQR". (Reverso muy deteriorado)

Acuñada 98 - 99 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #402 Pag.273 - Sear RCTV Vol.II #3242 var Pag.116 - Cohen Vol.II #617 Pag.82mdelvalle

24-22 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AE Dupondio 29 x 27 mm 12.5 gr.

Anv: "[IMP CAES NERVAE] TRAIANO AVG GE[R DAC P M T]R P COS V [P P]" - Busto radiado con Aegis viendo a derecha.
Rev: "S P Q R O[PTIMO] PRINCIPI - S C" - Pax (La Paz) de pié a izquierda, sosteniendo rama de olivo en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda. Su pié derecho sobre un cautivo de Dacia.

Acuñada 103 - 111 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #402 Pag.273 - Cohen Vol.II #410 Pag.60 - BMCRE # 891 - DVM #63/4 Pag.123mdelvalle

24-25 - TRAJANO (98 - 171 D.C.)AE Dupondio 28 mm 12.2 gr.

Anv: "IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P" - Busto radiado viendo a derecha, vestido su hombro izquierdo.
Rev: "[FELICITAS AVGVS]T - S C" - Felicitas (La Felicidad) de pié a izquierda, sosteniendo Caduceo en mano derecha y cornucopia en izquierda.

Acuñada 112 - 114 D.C.
Ceca: Roma

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #626 Pag.288 - Sear RCTV Vol.II #3216 Pag.113 - Cohen Vol.II #146 Pag.33 - BMCRE # 991 - Hill UCR #602mdelvalle

703a, Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D., Tribute Penny of Matthew 22:20-21Silver denarius, RIC I 30, RSC II 16a, SRCV 1763, gVF, Lugdunum mint, 3.837g, 18.7mm, 90o, 16 - 37 A.D.; obverse TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVSTVS, laureate head right; reverse PONTIF MAXIM, Pax/Livia seated right holding scepter and branch, legs on chair ornamented, feet on footstool; toned. Ex FORVM.

De Imperatoribus Romanis
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors

Tiberius (A.D. 14-37)

Garrett G. Fagan
Pennsylvania State University

Introduction
The reign of Tiberius (b. 42 B.C., d. A.D. 37, emperor A.D. 14-37) is a particularly important one for the Principate, since it was the first occasion when the powers designed for Augustus alone were exercised by somebody else. In contrast to the approachable and tactful Augustus, Tiberius emerges from the sources as an enigmatic and darkly complex figure, intelligent and cunning, but given to bouts of severe depression and dark moods that had a great impact on his political career as well as his personal relationships.

. . . .

Early life (42-12 B.C.)
Tiberius Claudius Nero was born on 16 November 42 B.C. to Ti. Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. Both parents were scions of the gens Claudia which had supplied leaders to the Roman Republic for many generations. . . [I]n 39 B.C., his mother Livia divorced Ti. Claudius Nero and married Octavian, thereby making the infant Tiberius the stepson of the future ruler of the Roman world. Forever afterward, Tiberius was to have his name coupled with this man, and always to his detriment.

. . . .

Accession and Early Reign (A.D. 14 - 23)
The accession of Tiberius proved intensely awkward. After Augustus had been buried and deified, and his will read and honored, the Senate convened on 18 September to inaugurate the new reign and officially "confirm" Tiberius as emperor. Such a transfer of power had never happened before, and nobody, including Tiberius, appears to have known what to do. Tacitus's account is the fullest. . . Rather than tactful, he came across to the senators as obdurate and obstructive. He declared that he was too old for the responsibilities of the Principate, said he did not want the job, and asked if he could just take one part of the government for himself. The Senate was confused, not knowing how to read his behavior. Finally, one senator asked pointedly, "Sire, for how long will you allow the State to be without a head?" Tiberius relented and accepted the powers voted to him, although he refused the title "Augustus."

. . . .

Tiberius allowed a trusted advisor to get too close and gain a tremendous influence over him. That advisor was the Praetorian Prefect, L. Aelius Sejanus, who would derail Tiberius's plans for the succession and drive the emperor farther into isolation, depression, and paranoia.

Sejanus (A.D. 23-31)
Sejanus hailed from Volsinii in Etruria. He and his father shared the Praetorian Prefecture until A.D. 15 when the father, L. Seius Strabo, was promoted to be Prefect of Egypt, the pinnacle of an equestrian career under the Principate. Sejanus, now sole Prefect of the Guard, enjoyed powerful connections to senatorial houses and had been a companion to Gaius Caesar on his mission to the East, 1 B.C. - A.D. 4. Through a combination of energetic efficiency, fawning sycophancy, and outward displays of loyalty, he gained the position of Tiberius's closest friend and advisor.

. . . .

[I]n a shocking and unexpected turn of events, [a] letter sent by Tiberius from Capri initially praised Sejanus extensively, and then suddenly denounced him as a traitor and demanded his arrest. Chaos ensued. Senators long allied with Sejanus headed for the exits, the others were confused -- was this a test of their loyalty? What did the emperor want them to do? -- but the Praetorian Guard, the very troops formerly under Sejanus's command but recently and secretly transferred to the command of Q. Sutorius Macro, arrested Sejanus, conveyed him to prison, and shortly afterwards executed him summarily. A witch-hunt followed. . . All around the city, grim scenes were played out, and as late as A.D. 33 a general massacre of all those still in custody took place.

Tiberius himself later claimed that he turned on Sejanus because he had been alerted to Sejanus's plot against Germanicus's family. This explanation has been rejected by most ancient and modern authorities, since Sejanus's demise did nothing to alleviate that family's troubles.

. . . .

The Last Years (A.D. 31-37)
The Sejanus affair appears to have greatly depressed Tiberius. A close friend and confidant had betrayed him; whom could he trust anymore? His withdrawal from public life seemed more complete in the last years. Letters kept him in touch with Rome, but it was the machinery of the Augustan administration that kept the empire running smoothly. Tiberius, if we believe our sources, spent much of his time indulging his perversities on Capri.

. . . .

Tiberius died quietly in a villa at Misenum on 16 March A.D. 37. He was 78 years old. There are some hints in the sources of the hand of Caligula in the deed, but such innuendo can be expected at the death of an emperor, especially when his successor proved so depraved. The level of unpopularity Tiberius had achieved by the time of his death with both the upper and lower classes is revealed by these facts: the Senate refused to vote him divine honors, and mobs filled the streets yelling "To the Tiber with Tiberius!" (in reference to a method of disposal reserved for the corpses of criminals).

Tiberius and the Empire
Three main aspects of Tiberius's impact on the empire deserve special attention: his relative military inertia; his modesty in dealing with offers of divine honors and his fair treatment of provincials; and his use of the Law of Treason (maiestas).

. . . .

Conclusion
. . . Tiberius's reign sporadically descended into tyranny of the worst sort. In the right climate of paranoia and suspicion, widespread denunciation led to the deaths of dozens of Senators and equestrians, as well as numerous members of the imperial house. In this sense, the reign of Tiberius decisively ended the Augustan illusion of "the Republic Restored" and shone some light into the future of the Principate, revealing that which was both promising and terrifying.

[For the entire article please refer to http://www.roman-emperors.org/tiberius.htm]

Copyright © 1997, Garrett G. Fagan. Used by permission.

"Some of the things he did are hard to believe. He had little boys trained as minnows to chase him when he went swimming and to get between his legs and nibble him. He also had babies not weaned from their mother breast suck at his chest and groin . . . "
(Suetonius. The Twelve Caesars. Trans. Robert Graves. London: Penguin Books, 1979. XLIV).

Jesus, referring to a "penny" asked, "Whose is this image and superscription?" When told it was Caesar, He said, ''Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's and unto God the things that are God's" (Matthew 22:20-21). Since Tiberius was Caesar at the time, this denarius type is attributed by scholars as the "penny" referred to in the Bible(Joseph Sermarini).

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.

Cleisthenes

703b, Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D., Hierapolis, PhrygiaBronze AE 16, RPC I 2966 (1 specimen), F, Phrygia, Hierapolis, 3.300g, 15.6mm, 0o; Obverse: TIBEPIOC KAISAR, laureate head right; Reverse: IERAPOLEITWN ZOSIMOS [...], Apollo Archegetes (Lairbenos) standing left, playing lyre; reverse countermarked with star of six rays, in oval punch, 2.5 x 3.5 mm, Howgego 445 (3 pcs, 1 of which from this magistrate); dark patina; very rare. Ex FORVM.

De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families

TIBERIUS (A.D. 14-37)

Garrett G. Fagan
Pennsylvania State University

The reign of Tiberius Claudius Nero (b. 42 B.C., d. A.D. 37, emperor A.D. 14-37) is a particularly important one for the Principate, since it was the first occasion when the powers designed for Augustus alone were exercised by somebody else. In contrast to the approachable and tactful Augustus, Tiberius emerges from the sources as an enigmatic and darkly complex figure, intelligent and cunning, but given to bouts of severe depression and dark moods that had a great impact on his political career as well as his personal relationships. His reign abounds in contradictions. Despite his keen intelligence, he allowed himself to come under the influence of unscrupulous men who, as much as any actions of his own, ensured that Tiberius's posthumous reputation would be unfavorable; despite his vast military experience, he oversaw the conquest of no new region for the empire; and despite his administrative abilities he showed such reluctance in running the state as to retire entirely from Rome and live out his last years in isolation on the island of Capri. His reign represents, as it were, the adolescence of the Principate as an institution. Like any adolescence, it proved a difficult time.

. . . .

It is all but inevitable that any historical assessment of Tiberius will quickly devolve into a historiographical assessment of Tacitus. So masterful is Tacitus's portrayal of his subject, and so influential has it been ever since, that in all modern treatments of Tiberius, in attempting to get at the man, must address the issue of Tacitus's historiographical methods, his sources, and his rhetoric. The subject is too vast to address here, but some points are salient. Tacitus's methods, especially his use of innuendo and inference to convey notions that are essentially editorial glosses, makes taking his portrayal of Tiberius at face value inadvisable. Further, his belief in the immutable character of people -- that one's character is innate at birth and cannot be changed, although it can be disguised -- prevents him from investigating the possibility that Tiberius evolved and developed over his lifetime and during his reign. Instead, Tacitus's portrayal is one of peeling back layers of dissimulation to reach the "real" Tiberius lurking underneath.

Overall, Tiberius's reign can be said to show the boons and banes of rule by one man, especially a man as dark, awkward, and isolated as Tiberius. For the people of the provinces, it was a peaceful and well-ordered time. Governors behaved themselves, and there were no destructive or expensive wars. In the domestic sphere, however, the concentration of power in one person made all the greater the threat of misbehavior by ambitious satellites like Sejanus or foolish friends like Piso. Furthermore, if the emperor wished to remain aloof from the mechanics of power, he could do so. Administrators, who depended on him for their directions, could operate without his immediate supervision, but their dealings with a man like Sejanus could lead to disaster if that man fell from grace. As a result, although he was not a tyrant himself, Tiberius's reign sporadically descended into tyranny of the worst sort. In the right climate of paranoia and suspicion, widespread denunciation led to the deaths of dozens of Senators and equestrians, as well as numerous members of the imperial house. In this sense, the reign of Tiberius decisively ended the Augustan illusion of "the Republic Restored" and shone some light into the future of the Principate, revealing that which was both promising and terrifying.

[For the complete article please refer to http://www.roman-emperors.org/tiberius.htm]

By Garrett G. Fagan, Pennsylvania State University.
Published: De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families http://www.roman-emperors.org/startup.htm. Used by permission.

Hierapolis in History

Usually said to be founded by Eumenes II, king of Pergamum (197-159 BC), Hierapolis may actually have been established closer to the 4th century BC by the Seleucid kings.

The name of the city may derive from Hiera, the wife of Telephus (son of Hercules and grandson of Zeus), the mythical founder of Pergamum. Or it may have been called the "sacred city" because of the temples located at the site. (The name Pamukkale is sometimes used just to refer to the white terraces, but the modern name of the whole area is also Pamukkale.)

With Colossae and Laodicea, Hierapolis became part of the tri-city area of the Lycus River valley. Hierapolis was located across the river from the other two cities and was noted for its textiles, especially wool. The city was also famous for its purple dye, made from the juice of the madder root.

The hot springs at Hierapolis (which still attract visitors today) were believed to have healing properties, and people came to the city to bathe in the rich mineral waters in order to cure various ailments.

Hierapolis was dedicated to Apollo Lairbenos, who was said to have founded the city. The Temple of Apollo that survives in ruins today dates from the 3rd century AD, but its foundations date from the Hellenistic period.

Also worshipped at Hierapolis was Pluto, god of the underworld, probably in relation to the hot gases released by the earth (see the Plutonium, below). The chief religious festival of ancient Hierapolis was the Letoia, in honor of the the goddess Leto, a Greek form of the Mother Goddess. The goddess was honoured with orgiastic rites.

Hierapolis was ceded to Rome in 133 BC along with the rest of the Pergamene kingdom, and became part of the Roman province of Asia. The city was destroyed by an earthquake in 60 AD but rebuilt, and it reached its peak in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.

Famous natives of Hierapolis include the Stoic philosopher Epictetus (c.55-c.135 AD) and the philosopher and rhetorician Antipater. Emperor Septimus hired Antipater to tutor his sons Caracalla and Geta, who became emperors themselves.

Hierapolis had a significant Jewish population in ancient times, as evidence by numerous inscriptions on tombs and elsewhere in the city. Some of the Jews are named as members of the various craft guilds of the city. This was probably the basis for the Christian conversion of some residents of Hierapolis, recorded in Colossians 4:13.

In the 5th century, several churches as well as a large martyrium dedicated to St. Philip (see "In the Bible," below) were built in Hierapolis. The city fell into decline in the 6th century, and the site became partially submerged under water and deposits of travertine. It was finally abandoned in 1334 after an earthquake. Excavations began to uncover Hierapolis in the 19th century.

Hierapolis in the Bible

Hierapolis is mentioned only once in the Bible, when St. Paul praises Epaphras, a Christian from Colossae, in his letter to the Colossians. Paul writes that Epaphras "has worked hard for you and for those in Laodicea and in Hierapolis" (Colossians 4:12-13). Epaphras was probably the founder of the Christian community at Hierapolis.

Ancient tradition also associates Hierapolis with a biblical figure, reporting that Philip died in Hierapolis around 80 AD. However, it is not clear which Philip is menat. It could be Philip the Apostle, one of the original 12 disciples, who is said to have been martyred by upside-down crucifixion (Acts of Philip) or by being hung upside down by his ankles from a tree.

Or Philip could be Philip the Evangelist, a later disciple who helped with administrative matters and had four virgin-prophetess daughters (Acts 6:1-7; 21:8-9). Early traditions say this Philip was buried in Hierapolis along with his virgin daughters, but confusingly call him "Philip the Apostle"! In any case, it seems a prominent person mentioned in Acts did die in Hierapolis.
Sacred Destinations - Hierapolis-Pamukkale
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes

73 Trajan Decius AD 249 - 251 Obv. IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev. GENIVS EXERC ILLVRICIANI
Genius, wearing polos on head, stg. left, holding patera an cornucopiae, to right standard
RIC 16c, 4,466g , Rome - Antoninanus -
Ex G+N E-Auction 21 Lot 742 09/07/20141 commentsPriscus

8. Janus, first king of Italy, and inventor of civilisationSestertius minted AD 140, Rome. 24.70g, Ø 32mm, 12h. RIC 644, Cohen 881, Foss 55
Obv.: ANTONINVS - AVG PIVS PP, laurate head right.
Rev.: TR POT COS III round edge SC in field, Janus standing facing, holding sceptre.
ex CNG eAuction 233 lot 335 (June 2010); ex the John Bitner Collection of Secular Games Coinage; ex Astarte XV (27 November 2004), lot 234.

Sestertius issued in preparation of the 900th anniversary of Rome, celebrated on 21 April 147.
Janus was believed to be first king of Italy, serving as both leader and teacher to all within his lands. In honor of his deeds, he was elevated to the status of a deity by the Romans, with Romulus himself, one of the mythical founders of Rome, building and dedicating the Temple of Janus.2 commentsCharles S

A. CaeciliusÆ As . A. Caecilius. 169-158 BC.
Obv: Laureate head of Janus;
Rev: Prow of galley right; A. CAE above.

Crawford 174/1; Sydenham 355; BMCRR 811.Tanit

A. Caecilius - AE asRome
170-158 BC
laureate head of Janus
I
prow of galley right
A·C(AE)
I
ROMA
Crawford 174/01
39,8g 34mm
ex Soler y LlachJ. B.

A. Caecilius, Crawford 147/1A. Caecilius, gens Caecilia
AE - As, 22.99g, 33mm
Rome, 169-158 BC
obv. Double head of bearded Janus, laureate, above I (value mark)
rev. Prora r.
above A.CAE (AE ligate), before I (value mark)
in ex. ROMA
ref. Crawford 147/1; Sydenham 355; BMC 811; Caecilia 8; Albert 653
about VF
Pedigree:
from Kricheldorf/Stuttgart, before 1970

For more information please look at the article in the thread 'Mythological interesting coins', coming soon.
Jochen

A. Terentius Varro - AE asRome
170-158 BC
laureate head of Janus
I
prow of galley right
(VAR)O
I
ROMA
Crawford 185/1; Sydenham 364
27,3g 30mm
ex SavocaJ. B.

ABVNDANTIA AVGAntoninianus 22 mm; Rome AD 250-252
obv: IMP C M TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG; rev: ABVNDANTIA AVG, Abundantia standing right, emptying cornucopiae held with both hands
Sear III: 9364, RIC 10b, RSC 2. Podiceps

AE Aes Grave As: 217-215 BCAE Aes Grave As; Semilibral weight standard
Denomination: Aes Grave As
Year: 217-215 BC
Obverse: Bearded Head of Janus (without mark of value on obv.)
Reverse: Prow of Galley Left.
Mint: Rome
Weight & Measures: ~105g (Semilibral standard ca. 132g).
References: Sear 572, CR-38/1, CRR 89, ICC 63.
Provenance: Ex Stacks Bowers Galleries (January 2024 NYINC Auction); Lot 55206.

Notes: Janus (/ˈdʒeɪnəs/ JAY-nəs; Latin: Ianvs [ˈi̯aːnʊs]) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, frames, and endings. The “Prow” series (Reverse) was not a commemoration of a specific event but more a general assertion of mastery over the Mediterranean Sea and subsequent trade. Justin L1

AE As JanusRoman Republican. Sex. Atilius Saranus. As, ca 155.
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus, above mark of value I.
Rev.: Prow right; above SAR, before I. Below, ROMA.

B. Atilia 3. Syd 378. Cr. 199/2.1 commentsTanit

AE As, L. Sempronius PitioL. Sempronius Pitio, Æ as, (24.54g) 148 BC, Head of Janus, PI TIO above, either side of large I. / Prow right, L SEMP above, I before, ROMA below. Cr216/2a.Molinari

AE As, Papirius TurdusÆ as, 169-158 BC, Laureate head of Janus, I above / Prow right, TVRD monogm above, I before, ROMA below. Syd.366, C193/1, BMC796(?)Molinari

AEQVITAS AVGTrajan Decius antoninianus
Antiochia mint
rareTibsi

ANONYMOUSAR drachm (half quadrigatus). 225-212 BC. 3.27 gm. Laureate head of Janus; heavy straight truncation line . / Jupiter in quadriga driven by Victory left. ROMA raised in exergue.
Crawford 28/4; RSC 25.
CNG Triton VII, Lot: 824.benito

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