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Image search results - "*IMITATION"
var_c.jpg
Barbarian imitation...1 commentsverslaflamme
4080563.jpg
Constantius II. AD 337-361. (22mm, 4.27 g, 12h). Contemporary imitation. Uncertain mint, possibly in the Balkans. Struck circa AD 348-351 or later. Pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Soldier left, spearing fallen horseman to lower left; shield to right; •ISNSI•. Cf. Sergeev 271-2; for prototype: cf. RIC VIII 81 (Constantinople mint). Good VF, dark brown patina with traces of green. Interesting contemporary imitation of the FEL TEMP REPARATIO type. 1 commentsQuant.Geek
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RHODOS - AR Drachm - Magistrat EPMIAΣ CARIAN ISLANDS.
Pseudo-Rhodian (c.175-170 B.C.),
Silver Drachm, Imitation issue minted in Thessaly.
2.48 g / 14 x 15 mm

Head of Helios facing, slightly inclined to right.
R/ EPMIAΣ , rose, with a bud on right, Z-Ω either side of stem

(SNG Keckman 793-795 (att ributed to Thessaly); Price, Kra ay-Mørkholm Essays, pp. 241-2 (attributed to Northern Greece); SNG Copenhagen Su ppl. 358 (attributed to Rhodian Peraia)).

Lightly toned, good extremely fine. Great head facing

Although the attribution of this issue has been debated, it seems likely that it was struck by Perseus to pay Cretan mercenaries, who would have been familiar with Rhodian issues, in the Third Macedonian War against the Romans (see R. Ashton, NC 1988, pp. 29-30)
paul1888
325144712_1952403681767971_5300123713975481276_n.jpg
TETRICUS Barbarous imitation. (AD 270-273) Antoninianus, 1.50g. VIRTVS? PAX
TETRICUS Barbarous imitation. (AD 270-273)

Obverse: [IMP TE]TRICVS F AVG, Radiate, cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: Godess standing
Antonivs Protti
Philip_I_barbarous.jpg
2 Philip IPhilip I
AR Antoninianus
Barbarous Imitation
4.59g

I can't imagine this coin would have fooled many people!
1 commentsSosius
barbarian.png
Barbarous Imitation of Constantine era coin ,Danubian CeltsLaureate, helmeted, cuirassed bust right. Legend H H H H H H H T
Rev :H H H H H H H H H mint mark T? HII Two Victories standing, facing each other, together holding shield
2 commentsBritanikus
LION.jpg
Celtic imitation of Thrace. Odessos. AE 19mm.Celtic imitation of Thrace. Odessos.
Late 3rd century BC.
Obv. Laureate head of Zeus right
Rev. Horseman riding right, OΔΗΣΙΤΩΝ ,
1 commentsLee S
Postumus_Double_Sest_RIC_207.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusPOSTUMUS
Double Sestertius, 15.89g
Radiate Bust r. / LAETITIA AVG, Galley
A Contemporary imitation, as indicated by the style and the fact that the E in the reverse legend is retrograde
Bastien 373; RIC 207
ex Harlan J. Berk
1 commentsSosius
_Macedon_c.jpg
MacedonCoins of the ancient Greek cities and Kings of Macedon, Paionia, and some celtic imitations thereof. Includes the Hellenistic kings of Macedon and Roman successors. Principal mints: Akanthos, Amphipolis and Pella. 1 commentsAnaximander
48+1_Even_Better.jpg
Parliament of 49 Owls24 Thompson old catalogue
13 Thompson middle catalogue
8 Thompson late catalogue of which 3 are post-Sullan
3 Imitations of which 1 "old catalogue" 1, "late catalogue" & 1 "post Sullan"
1 pseudo-Athenian New Style Thompson type ii Sullan "Lucullean" issue
cicerokid
Vandals_-__Thrasamund,_496-523_AD,_N_Africa.JPG
VANDALS, Thrasamund. 496-523.
Æ Nummus (10mm, 0.40 g)
Contemporary Vandalic imitation. Carthage mint.
Diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right.
Victory standing left, holding wreath and palm
MEC 1, 31-2; BMC Vandals 37-41
Ardatirion
00021x00~0.jpg
Tiberius. AD 14-37
Æ As (26mm, 9.14 g, 12 h)
Gaul? Imitating Rome mint issue struck AD 21-22
[TI CAESAR DIV]I AVG F AVGVST IMP [VII or VIII]
Bare head right
PONT[IF MAXIM TRIBVN] POTEST XXXIIII
Livia seated right, holding patera and long scepter; SC flanking
Cf. Cohen 19

The authors of RIC I do not recognize this type as being official. Cohen likely saw a similar imitation, assuming it to be an original mint issue.
1 commentsArdatirion
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Faustina Junior . Augusta, AD 147-175
PB Denarius (18mm, 2.76 g, 10 h)
Cast imitation? Copying a Rome mint issue of circa AD 161-175
Draped bust right
Diana Lucifera standing facing, head left, holding transverse torch
Cf. RIC III 674 (Pius)

Iron(?) inclusion in center of reverse
1 commentsArdatirion
charles2-gdr-curtisasonien.JPG
D.375 Charles II the Bald (denier, class 2, Courcessin?)Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (840-877)
GDR denier (Courcessin?, class 2, 864-875)

Silver, 1.43 g, 19 mm diameter, die axis 12h

O/ +GRΛTIΛ D-I REX; carolingian monogram
R/ +I.CVRTISΛSONIEH; cross pattée

In 864, Charles the Bald promulgated the edict of Pîtres, huge reform whose aim was to protect the kingdom from Viking raids. It also reinforced royal authority on minting, and created a new type of deniers . The new coins could be only struck at 10 mints (Palace, Chalon sur Saône, Melle, Narbonne, Orléans, Paris, Quentovic, Reims, Rouen and Sens). This limitation had never been applied, more than 110 mints struck the new coinage. This can be understood as a lack of control of the central autority. However it seems that several mints shared dies... Grierson and Blackburn proposed that only 10 main mints produced dies and partially outsourced coinage production ?
On the obverse is written GRATIA D-I REX (GDR) around a carolingian monogram. The alliance with Roman Church goes on... The reverse already existed for Class 1, with the mint name around a cross pattée.
Class 2 of Charles' coinage is made of these GDR deniers.

The precise localization of the mint in Normandie (north of France) is still not clear. According to Grierson and Blackburn, Courti(s) Sasonien(sis) may come from some groups of Saxons settled in northern part of Gaul.
tetricus2-minimus-pax.JPG
Tetricus II: minimi (Pax Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Pax Avgg (274?)

Bronze, 1.90 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 6h

A/ [C PIV] ESV T[ETRICV]S CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PAX-A[VGG]; Pax standing left, wearing a helmet (!), holding a flower and a sceptre

Curious representation of Pax on this local imitation.

raoul-denier-orleans.JPG
D.733 Rudolph (denier, Orléans)Rudolph (or Raoul, Radulf), king of the Franks (923-936)
Denier (Orléans)

Silver, 1.27 g, 18 mm diameter, die axis 6h

O/ +CRΛTIΛ D-I REX; monogram RDFS (legend beginning at 9h)
R/ +ΛVRELIΛNIS CIVITΛ cross pattée

This monogram is clearly an imitation of the tradition KRLS Charles' one. As often in Orléans' coinage, the I after an L in Avrelianis is in the angle of the L.
rjb_2011_03_05.jpg
(VI) 6a imitationDiocletian
IM DIOCLETIANVS P AG
Laureate and cuirassed bust right
GENIO POPVLI ROMANI
Genius standing left
RIC (VI) 6a imitation
mauseus
rjb_lon1_05_06.jpg
(VI) 17cf imitationMaximianus I
IMP MAXIMIANVS AVG
Laureate, cuirassed bust right
GENIO POPVLI ROMANI
Genius standing left
RIC (VI) - (cf17-19) imitation
mauseus
rjb_lond2_01_09.jpg
(VI) 42 imitationMaximianus I
IMP C MAXIMIANVS PF AVG
Laureate, cuirassed bust right
GENIO POPVLI ROMANI
Genius standing left
RIC (VI) 42 imitation
mauseus
IMITATIVE OTTOMAN.jpg
*IMITATION OTTOMAN Cedid MahmudiyeThis piece came in a bag of modern Foreign coins - 21 pounds! May be gold inside!!!
The dating did not seem right to me! From the experts at Zeno, I found a similar issue..... This attribution from Zeno:
Imitation of gold cedid mahmudiye (KM, Turkey #645) with distorted inscriptions and fantasy regnal year 78. Made for jewelry purposes throughout the 19th and early 20th century, very likely outside Turkey: similar imitations are met in abundance in South Russia and Ukraine, along the shores of Black and Azov seas, where they were widely used for adorning Gypsy and native Greek women's garments.

So, as you see, it is not exactly a FAKE or a COUNTERFEIT - it is an IMITATION, so the makers could not get into trouble. The regnal years alone would show that the coin was not "real" -

An interesting piece that may turn up from time to time!
dpaul7
cnut-imitation-1a-ii.jpg
009 Cnut the GreatImitation penny of Cnut
Presumably Scandinavian (probably Denmark)
SCBI 15:4291
Malmer 14.266/1337
O: +CNEMNI RECX A:IIL
R: +IOVTIFNEFNDCER

This penny of Cnut, with blundered legends, is presumably a Danish imitation, as it shares a reverse die with SCBI 15:4291, a coin in the Danish national collection. An obverse/reverse die match was sold by Bruun Rasmussen 7/17/2013 (lot 5004).

Ex- S.Mote, A.Howitt
1 commentsSt. George's Collection
RI_015c_img.jpg
015 - Claudius Ae AS - BarbarousAe AS
Obv:- TI CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG P M TR P IMP, bare head left
Rev:- CONSTANTIAE AVGVSTI S-C, Constantia, helmeted and in military dress, standing left, holding long spear in left hand
Minted in Rome. A.D. 41-50
Reference:- RIC 95, Cohen 14, BMC 140

The style looks a little crude and the legends lack uniformity though are quite legible. It is also light, weighing in at only 7.85 gms. The die orientation is 180 degrees.

Would appear to be an ancient imitation.
2 commentsmaridvnvm
Ant_Pius_ANTONINVS-AVG-PIVS-PP_CONCOR-DIA-AVG_Q-001_6h_17mm_2,96g-s.jpg
035 Antoninus Pius (138-161 A.D.), RIC III ???, Rome, AR-Denarius, CONCORDIA AVG, Concordia standing right, Ancient imitation ?035 Antoninus Pius (138-161 A.D.), RIC III ???, Rome, AR-Denarius, CONCORDIA AVG, Concordia standing right, Ancient imitation ?
avers: ANTONINVS-AVG-PIVS-P-P, Laureated bust right.
revers: CONCOR-DIA-AVG, Concordia standing right, holding sceptre and cornucopiae.
exerg: -/-//--, diameter: 17mm, weight: 2,96g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 159 A.D., ref: RIC-III--p-, C-,
Q-001
quadrans
Faustina_sen_Ag-Den_DIVA-FAV-STINA_AETE-R-NITAS_RIC-III-AP-344_C-32_Rome_141-AD_Q-001_6h_17-17,5mm_2,88ga-s.jpg
036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 0344var. (A.Pius), Rome, AR-Denarius, AETERNITAS, Juno standing left, Unofficial, or ancient imitation !!!036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 0344var. (A.Pius), Rome, AR-Denarius, AETERNITAS, Juno standing left, Unofficial, or ancient imitation !!!
Wife of Antoninus Pius.
avers:- DIVA-FAV-STINA, Draped bust right.
revers:- AETE-R-NITAS, Juno standing left, hand raised, holding scepter.
exerg: -/-//-- , diameter: 17-17,5mm, weight: 2,88g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 148-161 A.D. ???, ref: RIC-III-344 ??? (Antoninus Pius)p- , C-26,
Q-001
quadrans
Caracalla_AR-Ant_ANTONINVS-PIVS-AVG-GERM_TEMPORVM-FELICITAS_Roma-RIC-_Q-001_21-22mm_5_02g-s.jpg
051f Caracalla (196-198 A.D. Caesar, 198-217 A.D. Augustus ), Rome, RIC IV-I Not in, Caracalla and Ellagabal (plated) fouree Antoninianus, contemporary hybrid imitation, #1051f Caracalla (196-198 A.D. Caesar, 198-217 A.D. Augustus ), Rome, RIC IV-I Not in, Caracalla and Ellagabal (plated) fouree Antoninianus, contemporary hybrid imitation, #1
avers: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM, Caracalla (198 - 217), Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right 215? (Rome).
reverse: TEMPORVM FELICITAS, Ellagaball (218 - 222), Felicitas standing left, holding caduceus and cornucopia. 219-220 (Rome).
exergue:-/-//--, diameter: 21-22mm, weight: 5,02g, axis: -h,
mint: ???, date: ??? ,
ref: contemporary hybrid imitation, (plated) fouree Antoninianus ???,
Q-001
2 commentsquadrans
ImitationBlack.jpg
056/3 Ancient imitationAnonymous. Ae Semis imitation. Probably first century BC. Obv: Laureate head of Saturn r.; behind, S. Rev: Prow r.; above, S and below, ROMA.
Crawford 56/3

Style and shape is not the best on this coin. However, as an ancient imitation it does have historical value.
Paddy
Roman_Bronze_black.jpg
056/3 Spanish imitation in good styleAnonymous. Ae Semis. Second or first century BC. (6.58 g, 20.55 mm) Obv: Laureate head of Saturn r.; behind, S. Rev: Prow r.; above, S and below, ROMA.
Syd 143a; Crawford 56/3

In 1982 a conference report was published that contained a joint debate between Crawford and the Spanish numismatist Villaronga. Villaronga illustrated a number of coins from site finds near Cadiz, and concluded that they were good style Spanish imitations. Every year about 10 or 20 similar coins appear on the Spanish market, but none appear in Italian sources.

Thank you Mccabe for helping with the attribution.
Paddy
RI_064oa_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus Barbarous Imitation denariusObv:- L SEPT SEV PE-RT AVG IMP I - I or VII-I, laureate head right
Rev:- VICTORIA AVGVSTI, Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm.
Ancient imitation which apparently copies the style of Laodicea-ad-Mare
maridvnvm
RI_064tm_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus barbarous imitation denariusDenarius
Obv:- IMV (sic) CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG, Laureate head right
Rev:- LEG II ADIVT / TR P COS, Legionary eagle between two standards
Barbarous imitation of coins minted in Rome. A.D. 193
Reference:- cf RIC 5
1 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_064ol_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus barbarous imitation denarius - copies RIC 428Obv:– IMP CAE L SEPT ERT AVT COS II, Laureate head right
Rev:– VICTOR SEV-E-R AVG, Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left
Minted in unofficial mint
Reference:– copies (BMCRE 399. RIC IV 428 (S). RSC 749 )
maridvnvm
RI_064sj_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus denarius - BarbarousBarbarous Imitation Denarius
Obv:- SEVERVS AVG PART MAX, laureate head right
Rev:- VICT AG VG ??I, Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm.
Minted in barbarous imitation. A.D.
maridvnvm
RI_064rk_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus denarius - Barbarous imitationDenarius
Obv:– IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG CO, Laureate head right
Rev:– VICT AVG TR P [COS II P P], Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left
Minted in Barbaric Imitation. Copying the style of Emesa
2 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_064dj_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus denarius - RIC 114 var. (Barbarous imitation)Obv:– L SEP SEV PERT AVG IM C P X, Laureate head right
Rev:– MART[I V]IC, Mars standing front, head right, resting right hand on shield set on low base, spear in right hand.
RIC 114 var
This coin looks like it is a barbarous imitation of RIC 114. Whilst the style is quite pleasing the legends are quite severely blundered.

Ex. Forvm
1 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_064ho_img.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus, denarius, Ancient imitation?Obv:– L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP II, laureate head right
Rev:– AEQVIT AVG TR P COS II, Aequitas standing left, holding scales and cornucopia

I will freely admit that I bought this coin hoping that it would be a scarce Laodicea type combined with a hybrid reverse of Pertinax. Having discussed the coin with Curtis Clay he is of the opinion that :-
"I think I would consider the coin to be an ancient imitation.
The style is not right for the IMP II series.
That exact rev. type of Pertinax is known on authentic Alexandrian denarii of SS, but there with the obv. legend is that of 193 (probably the coin BMC and RIC refer to as hybrid), and again the coin is in different style."

I am still happy with my purchase and it is still an interesting coin. Perhaps one day I will be able to find out some more about it.
maridvnvm
RI_064ho_img~0.jpg
064 - Septimius Severus, denarius, Ancient imitation? Obv:– L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP II, laureate head right
Rev:– AEQVIT AVG TR P COS II, Aequitas standing left, holding scales and cornucopia

I will freely admit that I bought this coin hoping that it would be a scarce Laodicea type combined with a hybrid reverse of Pertinax. Having discussed the coin with Curtis Clay he is of the opinion that :-
"I think I would consider the coin to be an ancient imitation.
The style is not right for the IMP II series.
That exact rev. type of Pertinax is known on authentic Alexandrian denarii of SS, but there with the obv. legend is that of 193 (probably the coin BMC and RIC refer to as hybrid), and again the coin is in different style."

I am still happy with my purchase and it is still an interesting coin. Perhaps one day I will be able to find out some more about it.
maridvnvm
RI_064us_img.JPG
064 - Septimius Severus, denarius, Ancient imitation?Obv:– L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP II, laureate head right
Rev:– LIBERAL AVG COS, Liberalitas, standing left, holding abacus and cornucopia
maridvnvm
RI_065w_img.jpg
065 - Julia Domna barbarous denarius - RIC -Obv:– IVLIA DO-MNA AVG, Draped bust right, hair tied in bun behind
Rev:– LIBE-RI AVG, Liberalitas seated left, holding accounting board and cornucopiae
Barbarous mint
Reference(s) – None. Appears to be Barbarous imitation of IV 627a.
maridvnvm
Maximinus-I_IMP-MAXIMINVS-PIVS-AVG_FIDES-MILITVM_RIC_7A,_RSC_7a(anc-barb-imitation-fouree)_Q-003_6h_18,5-19mm_2,66ga-s.jpg
065 Maximinus I. Thrax, (235-238 A.D.), RIC IV-II 007Ai, Rome, AR-Denarius, FIDES MILITVM, Fides standing left, ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!! #4065 Maximinus I. Thrax, (235-238 A.D.), RIC IV-II 007Ai, Rome, AR-Denarius, FIDES MILITVM, Fides standing left, ancient Barbar imitation, fouree !!! #4
avers: IMP MAXIMINVS PIVS AVG, Laureate, draped bust right, seen from behind.
revers: FIDES MILITVM, Fides standing left, a standard in each hand.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 19,5-20,5mm, weight: 2,55g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 235 A.D., ref: RIC IV-II 7Ai, p-, RSC 7ai, ancient Barbar imitation, fouree !!!
Q-004
1 commentsquadrans
Maximinus-I_IMP-MAXIMINVS-PIVS-AVG_FIDES-MILITVM_RIC_7A,_RSC_7a(anc-barb-imitation-fouree)_Q-003_6h_18,5-19mm_2,66ga-s~0.jpg
065 Maximinus-I. Thrax, (235-238 A.D.), RIC IV-II 007A, Rome, AR-Denarius, FIDES-MILITVM, Fides standing left, ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!! #3065 Maximinus-I. Thrax, (235-238 A.D.), RIC IV-II 007A, Rome, AR-Denarius, FIDES-MILITVM, Fides standing left, ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!! #3
avers:- IMP-MAXIMINVS-PIVS-AVG, Laureate, draped bust right, seen from behind.
revers:- FIDES-MILITVM, Fides standing left, a standard in each hand.
exerg: , diameter: 19,5-20,5mm, weight: 2,55g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 235 A.D., ref: (RIC-IV-II-7A, p-, RSC-7a,) ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!!
Q-003
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Maximinus-I_IMP-MAXIMINVS-PIVS-AVG_FIDES-MILITVM_RIC_7A,_RSC_7a(anc-barb-imitation-fouree)_Q-003_6h_18,5-19mm_2,66ga-s~1.jpg
065 Maximinus-I. Thrax, (235-238 A.D.), RIC IV-II 007A, Rome, AR-Denarius, FIDES-MILITVM, Fides standing left, ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!! #3065 Maximinus-I. Thrax, (235-238 A.D.), RIC IV-II 007A, Rome, AR-Denarius, FIDES-MILITVM, Fides standing left, ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!! #3
avers:- IMP-MAXIMINVS-PIVS-AVG, Laureate, draped bust right, seen from behind.
revers:- FIDES-MILITVM, Fides standing left, a standard in each hand.
exerg: , diameter: 19,5-20,5mm, weight: 2,55g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 235 A.D., ref: (RIC-IV-II-7A, p-, RSC-7a,) ancient barbar imitation, fouree !!!
Q-003
quadrans
athensfraction.jpg
1. Attica, Athens. 460-455 BC. (Most Likely an Eastern imitation)AR Obol.
obv: Helmeted head of Athena right
rev: Owl standing right, head facing, AQE to right, leaf to left.
Dino
Tetricus-I_AE-Ant_xxx-TETRICVS-PF-AVG_xx-AVG_RIC-_p-_AD_Q-001_5h_16-17,5mm_1,59ga-s.jpg
102 Tetricus I., (270-2272 A.D.), RIC V-II 100 (Imitation), (Treveri ?), Not official mint, AE-Antoninianus, -/-//--, PAX AVG, Pax standing left, #1102 Tetricus I., (270-2272 A.D.), RIC V-II 100 (Imitation), (Treveri ?), Not official mint, AE-Antoninianus, -/-//--, PAX AVG, Pax standing left, #1
avers: (IMP C) TETRICVS P F AVG, Radiate, draped bust right.
reverse: PAX AVG, Pax standing left, holding branch and scepter.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 16,0-17,5mm, weight: 1,59g, axes: 5h,
mint: Not official mint, (Treveri ?), date: 272-273 (???) A.D., ref: RIC V-II 100 (Imitation), Not official mint,
Q-001
quadrans
Probus_AE-Quinar-Silvered_PROBVS-AVG_VIVICTORIA-GERM_RIC-_AD_Q-001_axis-5h_14,5-15,5mm_1,33gx-s.jpg
112 Probus (276-282 A.D.), AE-Quinar, RIC V-II , VICTORIA GERM, Bust-G, Trophy between two captives. MODERN IMITATION!!!112 Probus (276-282 A.D.), AE-Quinar, RIC V-II , VICTORIA GERM, Bust-G, Trophy between two captives. MODERN IMITATION!!!
avers:- PROBVS-AVG, Helmeted, cuirassed bust left, holding spear and shield. (G).
revers:- VICTORIA-GERM, Trophy between two captives..
exergo: -/-//--, diameter: 14,5-15,5mm, weight: 1,33g, axis-5h,
mint: MODERN IMITATION!!!, date: , ref: ,
Q-001
quadrans
RI_121c_img.jpg
121 - Tetricus II copy - Barbarous radiate copy of Antoninianus - RIC 072Barbarous imitation of Antoninianus
Obv:– S (sic) P E TETRICVS CAES, radiate and draped bust right
Rev:– PIETAS AVGVSTOR, Sacrificial implements, spinkler, simpulum, jug and lituus
Barbarous imitation
Reference:– Copies RIC 259; Elmer 773, 777; AGK (corr.) 5a;
maridvnvm
Julian2VotXConstantinople.jpg
1409a, Julian II "the Philosopher," February 360 - 26 June 363 A.D.Julian II, A.D. 360-363; RIC 167; VF; 2.7g, 20mm; Constantinople mint; Obverse: DN FL CL IVLIANVS P F AVG, helmeted & cuirassed bust right, holding spear & shield; Reverse: VOT X MVLT XX in four lines within wreath; CONSPB in exergue; Attractive green patina. Ex Nemesis.


De Imperatoribus Romanis,
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors


Julian the Apostate (360-363 A.D.)


Walter E. Roberts, Emory University
Michael DiMaio, Jr., Salve Regina University

Introduction

The emperor Flavius Claudius Julianus reigned from 360 to 26 June 363, when he was killed fighting against the Persians. Despite his short rule, his emperorship was pivotal in the development of the history of the later Roman empire. This essay is not meant to be a comprehensive look at the various issues central to the reign of Julian and the history of the later empire. Rather, this short work is meant to be a brief history and introduction for the general reader. Julian was the last direct descendent of the Constantinian line to ascend to the purple, and it is one of history's great ironies that he was the last non-Christian emperor. As such, he has been vilified by most Christian sources, beginning with John Chrysostom and Gregory Nazianzus in the later fourth century. This tradition was picked up by the fifth century Eusebian continuators Sozomen, Socrates Scholasticus, and Theodoret and passed on to scholars down through the 20th century. Most contemporary sources, however, paint a much more balanced picture of Julian and his reign. The adoption of Christianity by emperors and society, while still a vital concern, was but one of several issues that concerned Julian.

It is fortunate that extensive writings from Julian himself exist, which help interpret his reign in the light of contemporary evidence. Still extant are some letters, several panegyrics, and a few satires. Other contemporary sources include the soldier Ammianus Marcellinus' history, correspondence between Julian and Libanius of Antioch, several panegyrics, laws from the Theodosian Code, inscriptions, and coinage. These sources show Julian's emphasis on restoration. He saw himself as the restorer of the traditional values of Roman society. Of course much of this was rhetoric, meant to defend Julian against charges that he was a usurper. At the same time this theme of restoration was central to all emperors of the fourth century. Julian thought that he was the one emperor who could regain what was viewed as the lost glory of the Roman empire. To achieve this goal he courted select groups of social elites to get across his message of restoration. This was the way that emperors functioned in the fourth century. By choosing whom to include in the sharing of power, they sought to shape society.

Early Life

Julian was born at Constantinople in 331. His father was Julius Constantius, half-brother of the emperor Constantine through Constantius Chlorus, and his mother was Basilina, Julius' second wife. Julian had two half-brothers via Julius' first marriage. One of these was Gallus, who played a major role in Julian's life. Julian appeared destined for a bright future via his father's connection to the Constantinian house. After many years of tense relations with his three half-brothers, Constantine seemed to have welcomed them into the fold of the imperial family. From 333 to 335, Constantine conferred a series of honors upon his three half-siblings, including appointing Julius Constantius as one of the consuls for 335. Julian's mother was equally distinguished. Ammianus related that she was from a noble family. This is supported by Libanius, who claimed that she was the daughter of Julius Julianus, a Praetorian Prefect under Licinius, who was such a model of administrative virtue that he was pardoned and honored by Constantine.

Despite the fact that his mother died shortly after giving birth to him, Julian experienced an idyllic early childhood. This ended when Constantius II conducted a purge of many of his relatives shortly after Constantine's death in 337, particularly targeting the families of Constantine's half-brothers. ulian and Gallus were spared, probably due to their young age. Julian was put under the care of Mardonius, a Scythian eunuch who had tutored his mother, in 339, and was raised in the Greek philosophical tradition, and probably lived in Nicomedia. Ammianus also supplied the fact that while in Nicomedia, Julian was cared for by the local bishop Eusebius, of whom the future emperor was a distant relation. Julian was educated by some of the most famous names in grammar and rhetoric in the Greek world at that time, including Nicocles and Hecebolius. In 344 Constantius II sent Julian and Gallus to Macellum in Cappadocia, where they remained for six years. In 351, Gallus was made Caesar by Constantius II and Julian was allowed to return to Nicomedia, where he studied under Aedesius, Eusebius, and Chrysanthius, all famed philosophers, and was exposed to the Neo-Platonism that would become such a prominent part of his life. But Julian was most proud of the time he spent studying under Maximus of Ephesus, a noted Neo-Platonic philospher and theurgist. It was Maximus who completed Julian's full-scale conversion to Neo-Platonism. Later, when he was Caesar, Julian told of how he put letters from this philosopher under his pillows so that he would continue to absorb wisdom while he slept, and while campaigning on the Rhine, he sent his speeches to Maximus for approval before letting others hear them. When Gallus was executed in 354 for treason by Constantius II, Julian was summoned to Italy and essentially kept under house arrest at Comum, near Milan, for seven months before Constantius' wife Eusebia convinced the emperor that Julian posed no threat. This allowed Julian to return to Greece and continue his life as a scholar where he studied under the Neo-Platonist Priscus. Julian's life of scholarly pursuit, however, ended abruptly when he was summoned to the imperial court and made Caesar by Constantius II on 6 November 355.

Julian as Caesar

Constantius II realized an essential truth of the empire that had been evident since the time of the Tetrarchy--the empire was too big to be ruled effectively by one man. Julian was pressed into service as Caesar, or subordinate emperor, because an imperial presence was needed in the west, in particular in the Gallic provinces. Julian, due to the emperor's earlier purges, was the only viable candidate of the imperial family left who could act as Caesar. Constantius enjoined Julian with the task of restoring order along the Rhine frontier. A few days after he was made Caesar, Julian was married to Constantius' sister Helena in order to cement the alliance between the two men. On 1 December 355, Julian journeyed north, and in Augusta Taurinorum he learned that Alamannic raiders had destroyed Colonia Agrippina. He then proceeded to Vienne where he spent the winter. At Vienne, he learned that Augustudunum was also under siege, but was being held by a veteran garrison. He made this his first priority, and arrived there on 24 June 356. When he had assured himself that the city was in no immediate danger, he journeyed to Augusta Treverorum via Autessioduram, and from there to Durocortorum where he rendezvoused with his army. Julian had the army stage a series of punitive strikes around the Dieuse region, and then he moved them towards the Argentoratum/Mongontiacum region when word of barbarian incursions reached him.

From there, Julian moved on to Colonia Agrippina, and negotiated a peace with the local barbarian leaders who had assaulted the city. He then wintered at Senonae. He spent the early part of the campaigning season of 357 fighting off besiegers at Senonae, and then conducting operations around Lugdunum and Tres Tabernae. Later that summer, he encountered his watershed moment as a military general. Ammianus went into great detail about Julian's victory over seven rogue Alamannic chieftains near Argentoratum, and Julian himself bragged about it in his later writing. After this battle, the soldiers acclaimed Julian Augustus, but he rejected this title. After mounting a series of follow-up raids into Alamannic territory, he retired to winter quarters at Lutetia, and on the way defeated some Frankish raiders in the Mosa region. Julian considered this campaign one of the major events of his time as Caesar.

Julian began his 358 military campaigns early, hoping to catch the barbarians by surprise. His first target was the Franks in the northern Rhine region. He then proceeded to restore some forts in the Mosa region, but his soldiers threatened to mutiny because they were on short rations and had not been paid their donative since Julian had become Caesar. After he soothed his soldiers, Julian spent the rest of the summer negotiating a peace with various Alamannic leaders in the mid and lower Rhine areas, and retired to winter quarters at Lutetia. In 359, he prepared once again to carry out a series of punitive expeditions against the Alamanni in the Rhine region who were still hostile to the Roman presence. In preparation, the Caesar repopulated seven previously destroyed cities and set them up as supply bases and staging areas. This was done with the help of the people with whom Julian had negotiated a peace the year before. Julian then had a detachment of lightly armed soldiers cross the Rhine near Mogontiacum and conduct a guerilla strike against several chieftains. As a result of these campaigns, Julian was able to negotiate a peace with all but a handful of the Alamannic leaders, and he retired to winter quarters at Lutetia.

Of course, Julian did more than act as a general during his time as Caesar. According to Ammianus, Julian was an able administrator who took steps to correct the injustices of Constantius' appointees. Ammianus related the story of how Julian prevented Florentius, the Praetorian Prefect of Gaul, from raising taxes, and also how Julian actually took over as governor for the province of Belgica Secunda. Hilary, bishop of Poitiers, supported Ammianus' basic assessment of Julian in this regard when he reported that Julian was an able representative of the emperor to the Gallic provincials. There is also epigraphic evidence to support Julian's popularity amongst the provincial elites. An inscription found near Beneventum in Apulia reads:
"To Flavius Claudius Julianus, most noble and sanctified Caesar, from the caring Tocius Maximus, vir clarissimus, for the care of the res publica from Beneventum".

Tocius Maximus, as a vir clarissimus, was at the highest point in the social spectrum and was a leader in his local community. This inscription shows that Julian was successful in establishing a positive image amongst provincial elites while he was Caesar.

Julian Augustus

In early 360, Constantius, driven by jealousy of Julian's success, stripped Julian of many troops and officers, ostensibly because the emperor needed them for his upcoming campaign against the Persians. One of the legions ordered east, the Petulantes, did not want to leave Gaul because the majority of the soldiers in the unit were from this region. As a result they mutinied and hailed Julian as Augustus at Lutetia. Julian refused this acclamation as he had done at Argentoratum earlier, but the soldiers would have none of his denial. They raised him on a shield and adorned him with a neck chain, which had formerly been the possession of the standard-bearer of the Petulantes and symbolized a royal diadem. Julian appeared reluctantly to acquiesce to their wishes, and promised a generous donative. The exact date of his acclamation is unknown, but most scholars put it in February or March. Julian himself supported Ammianus' picture of a jealous Constantius. In his Letter to the Athenians, a document constructed to answer charges that he was a usurper, Julian stated that from the start he, as Caesar, had been meant as a figurehead to the soldiers and provincials. The real power he claimed lay with the generals and officials already present in Gaul. In fact, according to Julian, the generals were charged with watching him as much as the enemy. His account of the actual acclamation closely followed what Ammianus told us, but he stressed even more his reluctance to take power. Julian claimed that he did so only after praying to Zeus for guidance.

Fearing the reaction of Constantius, Julian sent a letter to his fellow emperor justifying the events at Lutetia and trying to arrange a peaceful solution. This letter berated Constantius for forcing the troops in Gaul into an untenable situation. Ammianus stated that Julian's letter blamed Constantius' decision to transfer Gallic legions east as the reason for the soldiers' rebellion. Julian once again asserted that he was an unwilling participant who was only following the desire of the soldiers. In both of these basic accounts Ammianus and Julian are playing upon the theme of restoration. Implicit in their version of Julian's acclamation is the argument that Constantius was unfit to rule. The soldiers were the vehicle of the gods' will. The Letter to the Athenians is full of references to the fact that Julian was assuming the mantle of Augustus at the instigation of the gods. Ammianus summed up this position nicely when he related the story of how, when Julian was agonizing over whether to accept the soldiers' acclamation, he had a dream in which he was visited by the Genius (guardian spirit) of the Roman state. The Genius told Julian that it had often tried to bestow high honors upon Julian but had been rebuffed. Now, the Genius went on to say, was Julian's final chance to take the power that was rightfully his. If the Caesar refused this chance, the Genius would depart forever, and both Julian and the state would rue Julian's rejection. Julian himself wrote a letter to his friend Maximus of Ephesus in November of 361 detailing his thoughts on his proclamation. In this letter, Julian stated that the soldiers proclaimed him Augustus against his will. Julian, however, defended his accession, saying that the gods willed it and that he had treated his enemies with clemency and justice. He went on to say that he led the troops in propitiating the traditional deities, because the gods commanded him to return to the traditional rites, and would reward him if he fulfilled this duty.

During 360 an uneasy peace simmered between the two emperors. Julian spent the 360 campaigning season continuing his efforts to restore order along the Rhine, while Constantius continued operations against the Persians. Julian wintered in Vienne, and celebrated his Quinquennalia. It was at this time that his wife Helena died, and he sent her remains to Rome for a proper burial at his family villa on the Via Nomentana where the body of her sister was entombed. The uneasy peace held through the summer of 361, but Julian concentrated his military operations around harassing the Alamannic chieftain Vadomarius and his allies, who had concluded a peace treaty with Constantius some years earlier. By the end of the summer, Julian decided to put an end to the waiting and gathered his army to march east against Constantius. The empire teetered on the brink of another civil war. Constantius had spent the summer negotiating with the Persians and making preparations for possible military action against his cousin. When he was assured that the Persians would not attack, he summoned his army and sallied forth to meet Julian. As the armies drew inexorably closer to one another, the empire was saved from another bloody civil war when Constantius died unexpectedly of natural causes on 3 November near the town of Mopsucrenae in Cilicia, naming Julian -- the sources say-- as his legitimate successor.

Julian was in Dacia when he learned of his cousin's death. He made his way through Thrace and came to Constantinople on 11 December 361 where Julian honored the emperor with the funeral rites appropriate for a man of his station. Julian immediately set about putting his supporters in positions of power and trimming the imperial bureaucracy, which had become extremely overstaffed during Constantius' reign. Cooks and barbers had increased during the late emperor's reign and Julian expelled them from his court. Ammianus gave a mixed assessment of how the new emperor handled the followers of Constantius. Traditionally, emperors were supposed to show clemency to the supporters of a defeated enemy. Julian, however, gave some men over to death to appease the army. Ammianus used the case of Ursulus, Constantius' comes sacrum largitionum, to illustrate his point. Ursulus had actually tried to acquire money for the Gallic troops when Julian had first been appointed Caesar, but he had also made a disparaging remark about the ineffectiveness of the army after the battle of Amida. The soldiers remembered this, and when Julian became sole Augustus, they demanded Ursulus' head. Julian obliged, much to the disapproval of Ammianus. This seems to be a case of Julian courting the favor of the military leadership, and is indicative of a pattern in which Julian courted the goodwill of various societal elites to legitimize his position as emperor.

Another case in point is the officials who made up the imperial bureaucracy. Many of them were subjected to trial and punishment. To achieve this goal, during the last weeks of December 361 Julian assembled a military tribunal at Chalcedon, empanelling six judges to try the cases. The president of the tribunal was Salutius, just promoted to the rank of Praetorian Prefect; the five other members were Mamertinus, the orator, and four general officers: Jovinus, Agilo, Nevitta, and Arbetio. Relative to the proceedings of the tribunal, Ammianus noted that the judges, " . . . oversaw the cases more vehemently than was right or fair, with the exception of a few . . .." Ammianus' account of Julian's attempt at reform of the imperial bureaucracy is supported by legal evidence from the Theodosian Code. A series of laws sent to Mamertinus, Julian's appointee as Praetorian Prefect in Italy, Illyricum, and Africa, illustrate this point nicely. On 6 June 362, Mamertinus received a law that prohibited provincial governors from bypassing the Vicars when giving their reports to the Prefect. Traditionally, Vicars were given civil authority over a group of provinces, and were in theory meant to serve as a middle step between governors and Prefects. This law suggests that the Vicars were being left out, at least in Illyricum. Julian issued another edict to Mamertinus on 22 February 362 to stop abuse of the public post by governors. According to this law, only Mamertinus could issue post warrants, but the Vicars were given twelve blank warrants to be used as they saw fit, and each governor was given two. Continuing the trend of bureaucratic reform, Julian also imposed penalties on governors who purposefully delayed appeals in court cases they had heard. The emperor also established a new official to weigh solidi used in official government transactions to combat coin clipping.

For Julian, reigning in the abuses of imperial bureaucrats was one step in restoring the prestige of the office of emperor. Because he could not affect all elements of society personally, Julian, like other Neo-Flavian emperors, decided to concentrate on select groups of societal elites as intercessors between himself and the general populace. One of these groups was the imperial bureaucracy. Julian made it very clear that imperial officials were intercessors in a very real sense in a letter to Alypius, Vicar of Britain. In this letter, sent from Gaul sometime before 361, the emperor praises Alypius for his use of "mildness and moderation with courage and force" in his rule of the provincials. Such virtues were characteristic of the emperors, and it was good that Alypius is representing Julian in this way. Julian courted the army because it put him in power. Another group he sought to include in his rule was the traditional Senatorial aristocracy. One of his first appointments as consul was Claudius Mamertinus, a Gallic Senator and rhetorician. Mamertinus' speech in praise of Julian delivered at Constantinople in January of 362 is preserved. In this speech, Claudius presented his consular selection as inaugurating a new golden age and Julian as the restorer of the empire founded by Augustus. The image Mamertinus gave of his own consulate inaugurating a new golden age is not merely formulaic. The comparison of Julian to Augustus has very real, if implicit, relevance to Claudius' situation. Claudius emphasized the imperial period as the true age of renewal. Augustus ushered in a new era with his formation of a partnership between the emperor and the Senate based upon a series of honors and offices bestowed upon the Senate in return for their role as intercessor between emperor and populace. It was this system that Julian was restoring, and the consulate was one concrete example of this bond. To be chosen as a consul by the emperor, who himself had been divinely mandated, was a divine honor. In addition to being named consul, Mamertinus went on to hold several offices under Julian, including the Prefecture of Italy, Illyricum, and Africa. Similarly, inscriptional evidence illustrates a link between municipal elites and Julian during his time as Caesar, something which continued after he became emperor. One concrete example comes from the municipal senate of Aceruntia in Apulia, which established a monument on which Julian is styled as "Repairer of the World."

Julian seems to have given up actual Christian belief before his acclamation as emperor and was a practitioner of more traditional Greco-Roman religious beliefs, in particular, a follower of certain late antique Platonist philosophers who were especially adept at theurgy as was noted earlier. In fact Julian himself spoke of his conversion to Neo-Platonism in a letter to the Alexandrians written in 363. He stated that he had abandoned Christianity when he was twenty years old and been an adherent of the traditional Greco-Roman deities for the twelve years prior to writing this letter.

(For the complete text of this article see: http://www.roman-emperors.org/julian.htm)

Julian’s Persian Campaign

The exact goals Julian had for his ill-fated Persian campaign were never clear. The Sassanid Persians, and before them the Parthians, had been a traditional enemy from the time of the Late Republic, and indeed Constantius had been conducting a war against them before Julian's accession forced the former to forge an uneasy peace. Julian, however, had no concrete reason to reopen hostilities in the east. Socrates Scholasticus attributed Julian's motives to imitation of Alexander the Great, but perhaps the real reason lay in his need to gather the support of the army. Despite his acclamation by the Gallic legions, relations between Julian and the top military officers was uneasy at best. A war against the Persians would have brought prestige and power both to Julian and the army.

Julian set out on his fateful campaign on 5 March 363. Using his trademark strategy of striking quickly and where least expected, he moved his army through Heirapolis and from there speedily across the Euphrates and into the province of Mesopotamia, where he stopped at the town of Batnae. His plan was to eventually return through Armenia and winter in Tarsus. Once in Mesopotamia, Julian was faced with the decision of whether to travel south through the province of Babylonia or cross the Tigris into Assyria, and he eventually decided to move south through Babylonia and turn west into Assyria at a later date. By 27 March, he had the bulk of his army across the Euphrates, and had also arranged a flotilla to guard his supply line along the mighty river. He then left his generals Procopius and Sebastianus to help Arsacius, the king of Armenia and a Roman client, to guard the northern Tigris line. It was also during this time that he received the surrender of many prominent local leaders who had nominally supported the Persians. These men supplied Julian with money and troops for further military action against their former masters. Julian decided to turn south into Babylonia and proceeded along the Euphrates, coming to the fortress of Cercusium at the junction of the Abora and Euphrates Rivers around the first of April, and from there he took his army west to a region called Zaitha near the abandoned town of Dura where they visited the tomb of the emperor Gordian which was in the area. On April 7 he set out from there into the heart of Babylonia and towards Assyria.

Ammianus then stated that Julian and his army crossed into Assyria, which on the face of things appears very confusing. Julian still seems to be operating within the province of Babylonia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The confusion is alleviated when one realizes that,for Ammianus, the region of Assyria encompassed the provinces of Babylonia and Assyria. On their march, Julian's forces took the fortress of Anatha, received the surrender and support of several more local princes, and ravaged the countryside of Assyria between the rivers. As the army continued south, they came across the fortresses Thilutha and Achaiachala, but these places were too well defended and Julian decided to leave them alone. Further south were the cities Diacira and Ozogardana, which the Roman forces sacked and burned. Soon, Julian came to Pirisabora and a brief siege ensued, but the city fell and was also looted and destroyed. It was also at this time that the Roman army met its first systematic resistance from the Persians. As the Romans penetrated further south and west, the local inhabitants began to flood their route. Nevertheless, the Roman forces pressed on and came to Maiozamalcha, a sizable city not far from Ctesiphon. After a short siege, this city too fell to Julian. Inexorably, Julian's forces zeroed in on Ctesiphon, but as they drew closer, the Persian resistance grew fiercer, with guerilla raids whittling at Julian's men and supplies. A sizable force of the army was lost and the emperor himself was almost killed taking a fort a few miles from the target city.
Finally, the army approached Ctesiphon following a canal that linked the Tigris and Euphrates. It soon became apparent after a few preliminary skirmishes that a protracted siege would be necessary to take this important city. Many of his generals, however, thought that pursuing this course of action would be foolish. Julian reluctantly agreed, but became enraged by this failure and ordered his fleet to be burned as he decided to march through the province of Assyria. Julian had planned for his army to live off the land, but the Persians employed a scorched-earth policy. When it became apparent that his army would perish (because his supplies were beginning to dwindle) from starvation and the heat if he continued his campaign, and also in the face of superior numbers of the enemy, Julian ordered a retreat on 16 June. As the Roman army retreated, they were constantly harassed by guerilla strikes. It was during one of these raids that Julian got caught up in the fighting and took a spear to his abdomen. Mortally wounded he was carried to his tent, where, after conferring with some of his officers, he died. The date was 26 June 363.

Conclusion

Thus an ignominious end for a man came about who had hoped to restore the glory of the Roman empire during his reign as emperor. Due to his intense hatred of Christianity, the opinion of posterity has not been kind to Julian. The contemporary opinion, however, was overall positive. The evidence shows that Julian was a complex ruler with a definite agenda to use traditional social institutions in order to revive what he saw as a collapsing empire. In the final assessment, he was not so different from any of the other emperors of the fourth century. He was a man grasping desperately to hang on to a Greco-Roman conception of leadership that was undergoing a subtle yet profound change.
Copyright (C) 2002, Walter E. Roberts and Michael DiMaio, Jr. Used by permission.

In reality, Julian worked to promote culture and philosophy in any manifestation. He tried to reduce taxes and the public debts of municipalities; he augmented administrative decentralisation; he promoted a campaign of austerity to reduce public expenditure (setting himself as the example). He reformed the postal service and eliminated the powerful secret police.
by Federico Morando; JULIAN II, The Apostate, See the Julian II Page on NumisWiki

Flavius Claudius Iulianus was born in 331 or maybe 332 A.D. in Constantinople. He ruled the Western Empire as Caesar from 355 to 360 and was hailed Augustus by his legions in Lutetia (Paris) in 360. Julian was a gifted administrator and military strategist. Famed as the last pagan emperor, his reinstatement of the pagan religion earned him the moniker "the Apostate." As evidenced by his brilliant writing, some of which has survived to the present day, the title "the Philosopher" may have been more appropriate. He died from wounds suffered during the Persian campaign of 363 A.D. Joseph Sermarini, FORVM.

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.




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153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #07153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #07
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above.
exergue:-/-//-???-, diameter: mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Barbar, date: ??, ref: RIC VIII ???,
Q-007
quadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-25_BARBAR_xxxx_xxxx-361-63_RIC-418var_Q-002_0_00g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #08153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #08
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above.
exergue:-/-//-???-, diameter: mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Barbar, date: ??, ref: RIC VIII ???,
Q-008
quadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-28_DN-FL-CL-IVLI-ANVS-PF-AVG_SECVRITAS-REIPVB_T-CONST-dot_Arles-360-63_RIC-000_Q-007_0_0g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #09153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #09
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above.
exergue:-/-//-???-, diameter: mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Barbar, date: ??, ref: RIC VIII ???,
Q-009
quadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-25_BARBAR_x-SIRN-x_Sirmium-361-63_RIC-418var_Q-003_0_00g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #10153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #10
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above.
exergue:-/-//-???-, diameter: mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Barbar, date: ??, ref: RIC VIII ???,
Q-010
quadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-28_DN-FL-CL-IVLI-ANVS-PF-AVG_SECVRITAS-REIPVB_T-CONST-dot_Arles-360-63_RIC-000_Q-008_0_0g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #11153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbar, RIC VIII ???, AE-1, Confusing text, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #11
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above.
exergue:-/-//-???-, diameter: mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Barbar, date: ??, ref: RIC VIII ???,
Q-011
quadrans
153_Julianus-II__Barbar-Bull_type,_RIC_VIII_-,_AE-26,_DN_AU_IL_IVLI-ANVS_PF_AVG,_SECVRITAS_REIPVB_(retrograde),_IISV_IIII_,_Q-001,_6h,_24,5-26mm,_5,7g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbarous, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-26, SECVRITAS REIPVB (?) retrograde, Bull standing left, Barbarous Imitation, #01153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Barbarous, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-26, SECVRITAS REIPVB (?) retrograde, Bull standing left, Barbarous Imitation, #01
avers: Confusing text, DN AU IL VLIAͶVS PF HVG, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: Confusing text, SECVRITAS REIPVB right to left, completely retrograde, Bull standing left, two stars above, -IISV IIII•-(?) in exergue.
exergue:-/-//-IISV IIII•-, diameter:30mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Barbarous), date: ??, ref: RIC VIII 106-107 ???,
Q-001
3 commentsquadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-30_BARBAR_x-SIRN-x_Sirmium-361-63_RIC-418var_Q-001_0_00g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Sirmium ???, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-1, SECVRITAS REIPVB, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #01153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Sirmium ???, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-1, SECVRITAS REIPVB, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #01
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above, ?-SIRN-? in exergue.
exergue:-/-//-SIRN-, diameter:30mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Sirmium (Barbar), date: ??, ref: RIC VIII 106-107 ???,
Q-001
quadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-25_BARBAR_x-SIRN-x_Sirmium-361-63_RIC-418var_Q-002_0_00g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Sirmium ???, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-1, SECVRITAS REIPVB, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #02153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Sirmium ???, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-1, SECVRITAS REIPVB, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #02
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above, ?-SIRN-? in exergue.
exergue:-/-//-SIRN-, diameter:25mm, weight: 0,0g, axis: h,
mint: Sirmium (Barbar), date: ??, ref: RIC VIII 106-107 ???,
Q-002
quadrans
153-Julianus-II_AE-1-23_-Barbar_-Imitation_AD_Q-051_1h_22,5-23,5mm_6_18g-s.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Sirmium ???, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-1, SECVRITAS REIPVB, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #03153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Sirmium ???, RIC VIII 106-107 ???, AE-1, SECVRITAS REIPVB, Bull standing right, Barbarous Imitation, #03
avers: Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right
reverse: Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above.
exergue: /-//confusing text, diameter: 22,5-23,5mm, weight: 6,18g, axis: 1h,
mint: Sirmium (Barbar), date: ???, ref: RIC VIII 106-107 ???,
Q-003
1 commentsquadrans
Julianus-II__AE-1-25_BARBAR_A-SIS-C_Siscia-361-63_RIC-418var_Q-001_6_93g.jpg
153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Siscia, RIC VIII 418var., AE-1-25, -/-//ASISC, SECVRITAS REIPVB "BARBAROUS Imitation Siscia", Bull standing right, #1153b Julianus II. (360-363 A.D.), Siscia, RIC VIII 418var., AE-1-25, -/-//ASISC, SECVRITAS REIPVB "BARBAROUS Imitation Siscia", Bull standing right, #1
avers:- Confusing text, Diademed (pearls), draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse:- Confusing text, Bull standing right, two stars above, A-SIS-C in exergue.
exergue: -/-//ASISC, diameter: 25mm, weight: 6,93g, axis: h,
mint: Siscia ???, date: ???, ref: RIC-VIII 418 var ??
Q-001
1 commentsquadrans
IMG_2261.JPG
16 Barbaric Imitation of Roman Constantius IIBarbaric Imitation of Roman Constantius II Fallen Horseman Type. 4th century AD. AE 10mm (0.77 gm). Obv.: diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev.: Soldier spearing horseman. Randygeki(h2)
bfh915.JPG
16 barbarous imitationConstantius II barbarous imitation
3.9g
21.52 mm
FEL TEMP REPARATIO
Blundered legend pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right,
Blundered legend soldier spearing Horseman
2 commentsRandygeki(h2)
IMG_4337.jpg
16 Constantius II barbarous imitation OverstrikeConstantius II barbarous imitation Overstrike
1.80g, 18mm
FEL TEMP REPARATIO
Blundered legend pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right,
Blundered legend soldier spearing Horseman
1 commentsRandygeki(h2)
IMG_3117.JPG
16 Constantius II imitation Constantius II imitation
19mm
FEL TEMP REPARATIO
Blundered legend pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right,
Blundered legend soldier spearing Horseman
AMB in ex
4 commentsRandygeki(h2)
IMG_2229.JPG
16 Constantius II imitation (Failmezger, Plate coin)Constantius II imitation (Failmezger, Plate coin)

Obverse: DN CONSTAN-TIVS PF AVG, Long-necked diademed cuirassed bust right
Reverse: Blundered legend, soldier spearing fallen horseman, Phrygian helmet, sitting on ground, arm(s) up, II left.

Size: 23.49 mm 6.g

Failmezger 462aCS (This Coin)
5 commentsRandygeki(h2)
III_Bela_U-115_C1-101_H-073_Q-003_1_67ga-s.jpg
16.16.060. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.16.60., H-073, CNH I.-101, U-115, #0116.16.060. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.16.060., H-073, CNH I.-101, U-115, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with JOJ).
exergue: -/-//JOJ, diameter: 23,0 mm, weight: 1,60g, axis: h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-073, CNH I.-101, Unger-115, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.16.60.,
Q-001
quadrans
16_16__Bela_III_2C_King_of_Hungary2C_281172-1196_A_D_292C_Cu-232C_CAC_I__16_16_-126_2C_H-0732C_CNH_I_-1012C_U-1152C_JoJ2C_Q-0012C_8h2C_222C2mm2C_12C25g-s.jpg
16.16.126. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.16./126., H-073, CNH I.-101, U-115, #0116.16.126. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.16.126., H-073, CNH I.-101, U-115, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with JOJ).
exergue: -/-//JOJ, diameter: 22,2 mm, weight: 1,25g, axis: 8h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-073, CNH I.-101, Unger-115, EK I. 15/29.,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.16./126.,
Q-001
2 commentsquadrans
16_17_-2816_16_95_av_29__Bela_III_2C_King_of_Hungary2C_281172-1196_A_D_292C_Cu-232C_CAC_I__16_17_-2816_16_95_av_29_2C_H-2C_CNH_I_-2C_U-2C_IoI2C_Q-0012C_0h2C_222C2-222C8mm2C_12C82g-sx~0.jpg
16.17.-./(16.16.95.). Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.-. The new type of sigla same as the 16.16.95. but the reverse includes the IOI instead of JOJ, H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.-./(16.16.95.). Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.-. The new type of sigla same as the 16.16.95. but the reverse includes the IOI instead of JOJ, H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue: -/-//IOI, diameter: 22,5-23,0 mm, weight: 1,83g, axis: 11h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Sigla: 16.17.-. The new type of sigla same as the 16.16.95. but the reverse includes the IOI instead of JOJ,(inside the black circle shows the type and shape of this sigla).
Q-001
quadrans
III_Bela_U-115_C1-101_H-073_Q-009_10h_23,5mm_2,06g-s.jpg
16.17.014. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17./14., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.014. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.014., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue:-/-//IOI, diameter: 23,5 mm, weight: 2,06g, axis: 10h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17.14.,
Q-001
quadrans
16_17_32v__Bela_III_2C_King_of_Hungary2C_281172-1196_A_D_292C_Cu-232C_CAC_I__16_17_32v_2C_H-2C_CNH_I_-2C_U-2C_IoI2C_Q-0012C_11h2C_222C5-23mm2C_12C83g-sa.jpg
16.17.032v. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.32v., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.032v. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.032v., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue: -/-//IOI, diameter: 22,5-23,0 mm, weight: 1,83g, axis: 11h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Sigla: 16.17.32v.,(black circle shows the type and shape of this sigla).
Q-001
quadrans
Bela-III_U-115_C1-101_H-073_Q-0x1_axis-9h_23,0mm_1,98ga-s.jpg
16.17.034. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.34., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.034. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.034., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue:-/-//IOI, diameter: 23,0 mm, weight: 1,98g, axis: 9h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17.34.,
Q-001
quadrans
III_Bela,_U-115,_C1-101,_H-073,_IOI,_Q-012,_7h,_22,5-23,0mm,_2,22g-s.jpg
16.17.045. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.45., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.045. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.045., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue:-/-//IOI, diameter: 22,5-23,0 mm, weight: 2,22g, axis: 7h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17.45.,
Q-001
quadrans
III_Bela_U-115_C1-101_H-073_Q-007_h_mm_gx-s.jpg
16.17.050. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.50., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.050. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.050., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue: -/-//IOI, diameter: 23,0 mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17.50.,
Q-001
quadrans
III_Bela,_U-115,_C1-101,_H-073,_IOI,_Q-011,_8h,_23,0mm,_1,67g-s.jpg
16.17.051. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.51., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17.051. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.051., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue: -/-//IOI, diameter: 23,0 mm, weight: 1,67g, axis: 8h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17.051.,
Q-001
quadrans
III_Bela_U-115_C1-101_H-073_Q-008_10h_22,5mm_1,58ga-s.jpg
16.17.051. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.51., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0216.17.051. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.051., H-, CNH I.-, U-, #02
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue: -/-//IOI, diameter: 22,5 mm, weight: 1,58g, axis: 10h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17.051.,
Q-002
quadrans
Bela-III_U-115_C1-101_H-073_Q-001_23,0mm_2,05ga-s.jpg
16.17.?. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17.?., (avers same as 16.16.32., but IoI), H-, CNH I.-, U-, #0116.17./73(new!). Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.17./73(new!)., (avers same as 16.16.32., but IoI), H-, CNH I.-, U-, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with IOI).
exergue:-/-//IOI, diameter: 23,0 mm, weight: 2,05g, axis: h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-, CNH I.-, Unger-,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.17./73(new!)., (avers same as 16.16.32., but IoI), New subtype/sigla variation!
Q-001
quadrans
BELA-III__H-73a_CNH-I_-103_U--_TKF-14-Q-001_1,28ga-s.jpg
16.19. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.19./a1.?./?., (avers same as 16.20./a1.14./15.,), H-073A, CNH I.-103, U--, Rare!, #0116.19. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.19./a1.?./?., (avers same as 16.20./a1.14./15.,), H-073A, CNH I.-103, U--, Rare!, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with JOJ).
exergue: -/-//JOJ, diameter: 23,0 mm, weight: 1,28, axis: h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-073A, Unger--, CNH I.-103, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.19./a1.?./?., (avers same as 16.20./a1.14./15.,), New subtype/sigla variation!,
Q-001
quadrans
BELA-III__H-73a_CNH-I_-103_U--_TKF-xx--Q-002,_6h,_22mm,_1,22g-s.jpg
16.19. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.19./a1.?./??., (avers same as 16.20./a1.06./07.), H-073A, CNH I.-103, U--, Rare!, #0116.19. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.19./a1.?./??., (avers same as 16.20./a1.06./07.), H-073A, CNH I.-103, U--, Rare!, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots.
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with JOJ).
exergue: -/-//JOJ, diameter: 22,0 mm, weight: 1,22, axis: 6h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-073A, Unger--, CNH I.-103, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.19./a1.?./??., (avers same as 16.20./a1.06./07.), New subtype/sigla variation!,
Q-001
1 commentsquadrans
Bela-III_U-115_C1-101-103_H-073_Hybrid_Q-001_8h_22,5mm_1,93g-s.jpg
16.22. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.22./a1.07./after 07. before 08., New sigla!, H-073A, CNH I.-, CP-16, U-, Rare!, #0116.22. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.22./a1.07./after 07. before 08., New sigla!, H-073A, CNH I.-, CP-16, U-, Rare!, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (Avers "legends" are C1-103, but the semi cufic legends in middle like C1-101)
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with JOJ).(Revers are like C1-101)
exergue: -/-//JOJ, diameter: 22,5 mm, weight: 1,93g, axis: 8h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-073A, CNH I.-, CP-16, Unger-, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.22./a1.07./after 07. before 08., (sigla: one dot (a1) at 2 o'clock very close to the border between the two brackets ")(" ). New subtype/sigla variation!, Rare!
Q-001
1 commentsquadrans
16_22__Bela_III_2C_King_of_Hungary2C_281172-1196_A_D_292C_Cu-232C_CAC_I__16_22_-a2_02_-09_2C_H-073A2C_CNH_I_-2C_CP-162C_U-2C_Rare212C_Q-0012C_9h2C_23-232C3mm2C_12C68g-sa.jpg
16.22. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.22./a2.02./09., H-073A, CNH I.-, CP-16, U-, Rare!, #0116.22. Béla III., King of Hungary, (1172-1196 A.D.), Cu-23, CÁC I. 16.22./a2.02./09., H-073A, CNH I.-, CP-16, U-, Rare!, #01
avers: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (Avers "legends" are C1-103, but the semi cufic legends in middle like C1-101)
reverse: Illegible Kufic legend-imitation, a similar legend in lines in a circle of dots, a border of dots. (with JOJ).(Revers are like C1-101)
exergue: -/-//JOJ, diameter: 23,0-23,3 mm, weight: 1,68g, axis: 9h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-073A, CNH I.-, CP-16, Unger-, Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 16.22./a2.02./09., (sigla: two dots (a2) at 9 o'clock very close to the 9 shape form, the arows shows). Rare!
Q-001
quadrans
RI_169ca_img.jpg
169 - Constans - AE2 - Barbarous imitation copying RIC VIII Lugdunum 084AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust left, globe in right hand
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPAR-ATIO, Helmeted soldier, spear in left hand, advancing right, head left; with his right hand he leads a small bare-headed figure from a hut beneath a tree. The spear points up and to the right
Cpoies a coin minted in Lugdunum, (// SLG), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– Copies RIC VIII Lugdunum 84 (S)

2.42 gms. 180 degrees. 19.34 mm
maridvnvm
RI_169z_img.jpg
169 - Constans - AE2 - Barbarous imitation of RIC VIII Trier 215AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTA-NS P F AVG, Pearl iademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left, in a galley; Phoenix on a globe in right hand and holding labarum in left hand; Victory at the tiller of the galley right.
Minted in Trier; (//TRS), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– Barbarous imitation. cf RIC VIII Trier 215
maridvnvm
RI_169bg_img.jpg
169 - Constans - AE2 - Barbarous imitiation of RIC VIII Aquileia 099AE2
Obv:- D N CONSTANS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP-REPARATIO, emperor in military dress standing left on galley, holding Phoenix and labarum, Victory sitting at the stern, steering the ship
Barbarous imitation of a coin minted in Aquileia; (//AQP dot), A.D. 348-350
Reference:– cf. RIC VIII Aquileia 99 (C)
1 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_169bm_img.jpg
169 - Constans - AE4 - BarbarousObv:– D N CONSTA-N[S P F AVG], Pearl diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev:– [FEL TEMP RE--IARAIIII, Soldier standing left, knee raised, spearing a fallen horseman who is wearing a Phrygian helmet, reaching backwards
Tiny barbarous imitation.

1.22 gms. 180 degrees. 12.77 mm
3 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_170gf_img.jpg
170 - Constantius II - AE2 - Barbarous imitation of RIC VIII Heraclea 082 Imitation AE2
Obv:– D N CONSTANTIS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMT OHIIIRATIO, Helmeted soldier left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman; shield at ground to right. Horseman turns to face the soldier, and reaches his left arm up towards him. He is bare headed.
Minted in Heraclea (G | _ // .SHHA).
Reference:- Imitates RIC VIII Heraclea 82 (C2)
1 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_170bh_img.jpg
170 - Constantius II - AE2 - Barbarous imitation of TrierAE2
Obv:- CONSTANT-IVS P F AVG, Pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev:- FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Emperor standing left, in a galley; Phoenix on a globe in right hand and holding labarum in left hand; Victory at the tiller of the galley right
Minted in Trier; (//TRS),
Reference:– Barbarous Imitation
maridvnvm
RI_170cu_img.jpg
170 - Constantius II - AE3 - Barbarous imitation of Falling HorsemanObv:- CONSTANTIVS AVG, Pearl diaidemed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev:– FEL TEMP REPARATIO, Helmeted soldier left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman; shield at ground to right. Horseman turns to face the soldier, and reaches his left arm up towards him. He is bare headed
Copies a coin minted in Cyzicus (//SMK)

2.07 gms. 19.16 gms.

Remarkably good style.
3 commentsmaridvnvm
RI_170cr_img.jpg
170 - Constantius II - AE4 - Barbarous imitation of Falling HorsemanObv:- DN IIIII, Pearl diaidemed, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev:– [FEL TE]M -P[ REPARATIO], Helmeted soldier left, shield on left arm, spearing falling horseman; shield at ground to right. Horseman turns to face the soldier, and reaches his left arm up towards him. He wears a phrygian cap
Barbarous imitiative
1 commentsmaridvnvm
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