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22. Offa.Penny, ca 787-792, Canterbury mint.
Obverse: +OFFA REX+ / bust of Offa.
Reverse: +LULLA
Moneyer: Lulla.
1.05 gm., 16 mm.
North #313; Seaby #906 (old #905).Callimachus
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23. Burgred.Penny, ca 866-874; possibly minted in London.
Obverse: BVRGRED REX M / Diademed bust of Burgred.
Reverse: MON / +HVSSA / ETA / Three pellets after ETA.
Moneyer: Hussa.
1.38 gm., 19 mm.
North #423; Seaby #938.Callimachus
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24. Alfred.Penny, first coinage 871-875, mint ?.
Obverse: +AELBRED REX / bust of Alfred.
Reverse: MON / EALHERE / ETA
Moneyer: Ealhere.
1.21 gm., 19 mm.
North #627; Seaby #1057.
The similarities of the lunnettes coinage of Burgred and the first coinage of Alfred has long been noted. There is evidence of an agreement between Mercia and Wessex to produce a unified coinage in the two states. This agreement was continued by Burgred and Alfred. At the beginning of Alfred's reign in 871, there were just two mints operating in Mercia and Wessex: London and Canterbury. Philip Grierson, in his book Medieval European Coinage: Volume 1, The Early Middle Ages, has Ealhere a moneyer in Canterbury.
A more detailed analysis of Alfred's coinage comes to a different conclusion. The Lunettes Coinage of Alfred the Great by A. W. Lyons & W. A. Mackay (2008, BNJ 78, 4) places this obverse die in Group 2 Mercian Style Lunettes, variant IV: "Horizonal bust." Characteristics: Bust lacks a bonnet, the hair is comprised of several horizontal lines usually ending in pellets and sloping between 45 to 60 degrees. Double-banded diadem surmounted by a crescent. Distinctively cut "wedge" lips. The eye is a small circle with a dot in the center.
The reverse die of this coin is Lunettes type C (illustrated under Burgred in North, p. 67.) However, Table 2B does not show the moneyer Ealhere using reverse type Lunette C. So coins with this die combination were evidentally not known to Lyons & Mackay.
Table 2D, listing all the moneyers of Alfred's Lunette coinage, says Ealhere used obverse dies of Group 1 variant I, and Group 2 variant IV (the obverse die on this coin). Lyons & Mackay suggest that Ealhere was located in central or west Wessex as he used London and Canterbury dies. Callimachus
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25. Danelaw: Vikings of East Anglia: St Edmund Memorial Coinage.Penny, ca 890-905.
Obverse: +SC EADMVN RI / Large A with small crosses on each side.
Reverse: +DAEMOND MOTI / Large cross.
Moneyer: Daemond.
1.29 gm., 18 mm.
North #483; Seaby #960.
There are over 60 moneyers with Germanic or Norse names found on the St Edmund coins in the Cuerdale Hoard (c. 905). This number suggests there were quite a few mints producing this coinage. Several of the moneyers are also found on coinage of Edward the Elder and Athelstan from other parts of the country. This suggests that this issue, although in the name of the martyred East Anglian king, extended beyond East Anglia, and perhaps continued until East Anglia was regained by the English in 917-18. For more information, see A New History of the Royal Mint by Christopher E. Challis (Cambridge University Press, 1992).Callimachus
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26. Danelaw: Vikings of York.Penny, ca 897-903, York mint.
Obverse: CRTENXV (CNVT REX) / Patriarchal cross.
Reverse: +CVNNETTI / small cross.
1.28 gm., 20 mm.
North #501; Seaby #993.
The inscriptions on this coin are somewhat of a mystery. Over the last 150 years there have been many theories as to their meaning. At various times Cvnetesford (Knutsford, Cheshire), Cvnetio, (the Latin name of Marlborough,Wiltshire), and Counde, Shropshire (Cuneet in the Domesaday Book) have been proposed as the city where the CVNNETTI coinage was minted. Still others saw a French origin for the CVNNETTI coinage: similar coins are inscribed with two known locations in France -- QVENTOVICI (no longer exists) and EBRAICE (Evreux, Normandy).
Today it is fairly certain the CVNNETTI coinage was minted in York. The inscriptions on this coin are thought to be Latinized versions of Knutr and Hunedeus, two Viking war leaders who operated in northern England in the late ninth century.
The name Cnut is arranged on the arms of the cross in the manner Christians cross themselves during prayer. This shows that "King Cnut," whoever he was, thought of himself as a Christian. He is not to be confused with the Cnut who was King of England from 1016-1035.Callimachus
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27. Edward the Elder.Penny, 899-924.
Obverse: +EADVVEARD REX / small cross.
Reverse: DEORV / + + + / VALD MO
Moneyer: Deorwald.
1.57 gm., 21 mm.
North #649; Seaby #1087.Callimachus
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28. Aethelstan.Penny, 927-939, York mint.
Obverse: +EÐELSTAN REX TO BRIT / small cross; C privy mark at left of cross.
Reverse: +REGNALD MO EFORǷIC / small cross.
Moneyer: Regnald.
1.48 gm., 22.5 mm.
North #672; Seaby #1093.
Aethelstan was the first British king to be styled "King of All Britain" on his coins (Rex Totius Britanniae). Regnald was also a moneyer for the Vikings when they were in control of York.
Provenance: the Schembrai Collection.Callimachus
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29. Eadmund.Penny, 939-946.
Obverse: +EADMVND REX / Small cross.
Reverse: HVNSI / + + + / GE MO
Moneyer: Hunsige.
1.22 gm., 22 mm.
North #689; Seaby #1105.
Perhaps of interest on this coin is the up-side-down A instead of a V in the king's name.Callimachus
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30. Eadred.Penny, 946-955.
Obverse: +E.AD.RED.REX A / Small cross.
Reverse: ÐEODM / +++ / AER M
Moneyer: Theodmaer.
1.44 gm., 22 mm.
North #706; Seaby #1113.
Provenance: Ex Richard Cyril Locket (1873-1950), Glendinings Part I, June 1955, lot 592 (part).Callimachus
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31. Eadwig.Penny, 955-959, possibly minted in York.
Obverse: +E-A-DǷIG REX / Small cross.
Reverse: HERIG / +++ / 'ER MO
Moneyer: Heriger.
1.40 gm., 21 mm.
North #724; Seaby #1122.
Provenance: Tetney Hoard, 1945.
E.J. Winstanley Collection. Callimachus
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32. Eadgar.Penny (group HT 1 NE V (northeast Midlands)), 959-975.
Obverse: +EADGAR REX / small cross.
Reverse: IVE M / +++ / ONET
Moneyer: Ive.
1.34 gm., 21 mm.
North #741; Seaby #1129.Callimachus
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33. Edward the Martyr.Penny, 975-978, Stamford mint.
Obverse: +EADǷEARD REX ANGLO / Diademed bust of Edward.
Reverse: +ǷACER M-O STAMFO. / small cross.
Moneyer: Wacer.
1.36 gm., 20 mm.
North #763; Seaby #1142.Callimachus
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34a. Aethelred II.Penny, 979-985, First Hand type, York mint.
Obverse: +ÆÐELRED REX ANGLOX / Diademed bust of Aethelred, right.
Reverse: +ZTYR M-O EOFER / Hand of Christ between A and ω .
Moneyer: Ztyr.
1.42 gm., 21 mm.
North #766; Seaby #1144.
The moneyer Ztyr is not listed as being a moneyer for Aethelred's First Hand type from York. However, there is a moneyer named Styr at York who coined for Edward the Martyr, 975-978. Ztyr is probably the same man.Callimachus
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34b. Aethelred II.Penny, 991-997, Lincoln mint.
Obverse: ÆÐELRED REX ANGLOX / Bust of Aethelred, scepter in front of face.
Reverse: +COLGRIM M-O LIN / Cross with the letters CRVX in angles.
Moneyer: Colgrim.
1.15 gm., 20 gm.
North #770; Seaby #1148Callimachus
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35b. Cnut.Penny, 1023-1029; London mint.
Obverse: +CNVT REX AN / Bust of Cnut, wearing pointed helmet, sceptre in front.
Reverse: +EADǷOLD ON LVND / short cross, voided.
Moneyer: Eadwold.
1.08 gm., 18 mm.
North #787; Seaby #1158.Callimachus
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35c. Cnut.Penny, 1029-1035; Norwich mint.
Obverse: +CNVT . REX / Diademed bust of Cnut.
Reverse: +SIRIC ON NORÐǷ / Short cross voided; circle and pellet at center.
Moneyer: Siric.
1.11 gm, 18 mm.
North #790; Seaby #1159.
Provenance: ex. Norweb Collection (part 1, 80).Callimachus
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36. Harold I.Penny, ca 1038-1040; Norwich mint.
Obverse: +HAROLD REC / Diademed bust of Harold, in armor, with shield and sceptre in front.
Reverse: +MANNA ON NORÐ / Long cross, voided; with fleur-de-lis in angles.
1.16 gm., 19 mm.
North #803; Seaby #1165.Callimachus
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37. Harthacnut.Penny, 1035-1042; Lund, Denmark (now Sweden) mint.
Obverse: +HARÐECNVT / Crowned and cuirassed bust of Harthacnut.
Reverse: +TOCI ON LVDI / Cross, with a crescent in the second and fourth quarters.
Moneyer: Toci.
1.02 gm., 17 mm.
Seaby #1170.
This coin has a provenance going back to 1897. It was part of the Hyman Montagu (1844-95) Collection. Sold by Sotheby's, 16 November, 1897; Part V, lot 49. Illustrated on plate 1. The sale catalogue -- which is online -- has the buyer (Lincoln) and the selling price (8 shillings) written in. The buyer was W.S. Lincoln & Son, a coin dealer in London during the latter part of the 19th century.
Link to sale catalogue: https://archive.org/details/montagucollectio00soth_6/page/n9/mode/2upCallimachus
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38. Edward the Confessor.Penny, 1059-1062; Hastings mint.
Obverse: +EADǷAIRD RE / Crowned bust of Edward, bearded, with sceptre in front.
Reverse: +DVNING ON HEST / Short cross, voided, with hammer ends.
Moneyer: Duning.
1.28 gm., 19 mm.
North #828; Seaby #1182.Callimachus
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40. Harold II.Penny, 1066; London mint.
Obverse: +HAROLD REX ANG / Crowned bust of Harold, sceptre in front.
Reverse: +SǷETMAN ON LVN / Across field and between two lines: PAX
Moneyer: Swetman.
1.20 gm., 19 mm.
North #836; Seaby #1186.Callimachus
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41. WIlliam I.Penny, 1086-1087, Southwark mint.
Obverse: +ǷILLELM REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre to right.
Reverse: +OSMVND ON SVÐI / Cross with one letters of PAXS in each angle.
1.41 gm., 19 mm.
North #848; Seaby #1257.Callimachus
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42. William II.Penny, 1093-1096; London mint.
Obverse: +ǷILLELM REIX / Crowned bust, facing, between two stars.
Reverse: +ǷVLFPORD ON LV / Voided cross.
Moneyer: Wulfword.
1.38 gm., 21 mm. North #853; Seaby #1260.
The moneyer ǷVLFPORD (Wulfword) is found at three mints: London, Ipswich, and Stamford. On this coin the city is not well-struck, but enough can be made out to determine it is LV, which is London.Callimachus
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43. Henry I.Penny, 1122-1124; Sandwich mint.
Obverse: +HENRICVS REX / Crowned bust, facing, holding sceptre.
Reverse: + VL N: SANǷI / Quatrefoil with star in center, pellets on limbs, and four lis around.
1.32 gm., 20 mm. North #870; Seaby #1275.
The moneyer's name can not be read. At Sandwich there were three moneyers who had a VL near the front of their names: Wulfric, Wulfwart, and Wulfstan.Callimachus
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44. Stephen.Penny, Colchester mint.
Obverse: FNE / Crowned bust, holding sceptre.
Reverse: D . ON : COL / Cross moline with a fleur in each angle.
1.13 gm., 17 mm.
North #873; Seaby #1278
The only moneyer at Colchester with a name ending in a D is Edward.Callimachus
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45. Henry II.Penny, 1180-1189; London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS . REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre at left.
Reverse: +PIERES . ON . LVND / Short cross voided, with quatrefoil in each angle.
Moneyer: Pieres.
1.44 gm., 21 mm. North #963; Seaby #1344.
Classification from North Vol. 1, p. 163-64, and Seaby 1994 p. 87:
- Class 1: Narrow face, five pearls to crown, five curls to right and two to left.
- b : Round C and E. Seaby also mentions "a stop before REX on most coins."
Callimachus
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46. Richard I.Penny, London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre at left.
Reverse: +STIVENE . ON . LVN / Short cross voided, with quatrefoil in each angle.
Moneyer: Stivene.
1.36 gm., 19 mm.
North #968; Seaby #1348A (old #1348).
Classification from North, Vol.1, p. 163-64, 170, Addendum; and Seaby 1994:
- The moneyer Stivene coined types 2 - 4b.
- Types 2 and 3 can be eliminated because the beard consists of small curls.
- Type 4 has beard consisting of pellets (as does this coin).
- Type 4b has a much coarser portrait and letters; the pellets in the crown run into one line.
North (1963) assigns type 4 to John, but later works (Seaby 1994, for example) assign 4a-4b to Richard. It appears that Stivene coined only for Richard. The difficulty in attribution stems from the fact that both Richard and John kept the name of their father (Henry II) on their coins.
Callimachus
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47. JohnPenny, London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre at left.
Reverse: +ILGER . ON . LVND / Short cross voided, with quatrefoil in each angle.
Moneyer: Ilger.
1.46 gm., 18 mm.
North #970; Seaby #1351.
Classification from North Vol. 1, p. 163-64:
- Type 5 had oval eyes, two curls on each side enclosing a pellet, and five pearls on crown.
- Type 5a or 5b has a small X.
- Type 5b has a cross pattee as a mint mark on the reverse, and a normal S.
The difficulty in attribution stems from the fact that both Richard and John kept the name of their father (Henry II) on their coins.
Callimachus
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48. Henry IIIPenny, ca 1251-1272; London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS REX III / Crowned bust, facing, sceptre in right hand.
Reverse: HENRI ON LVNDE / Long cross voided, with three pellets in each angle.
Moneyer: Henri.
1.49 gm., 18 mm.
North #992; Sear #1368.
Classification from North, Vol. 1, p. 166-68:
- Type 4 and 5 are with sceptre.
- Type 5 has legend starting at left above sceptre.
- Types 5a and 5b have new crown (fig.3) and round eyes.
- Type 5b has wedge tail on R.
Callimachus
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49. Edward IPenny, ca 1280-1281; London mint.
Obverse: EDW R' ANGL' DNS HYB / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
1.45 gm., 19 mm.
North #1022; Seaby #1393.
Classification from North, Vol. 2, p. 19-21:
- This coin has the following characteristics of type 3:
barred A, closed E and C, Roman N, no annulet on breast.
- The following characteristics indicate sub-type g:
small bust, narrow face, new side fleurs on crown (fig. 29).
- This coin is type 3g.
Callimachus
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50. Edward IIPenny, London mint.
Obverse: +EDWAR R ANGL DNS HYB / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
1.41 gm., 19 mm.
North #1065; Seaby #1468.
Classification from North, Vol. 2, p. 24-25; and Seaby 1994:
- E with angular back = types 11b - 15b.
- Bifoliate crown = types 10a - 15b.
- The distinguishing feature is the central fleur of the crown with straight sides and tall lis (fig. 13 on p. 25 of North, vol. 2.)
- Along with this goes the "large smiling face with leering eyes."
- This coins is therefore type 14 -- which is attributed to Edward II.
Perhaps unusual is the obverse legend with two Rs in it, not mentioned by North or Seaby.
Callimachus
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53. Richard II.Half penny, London mint.
Obverse: +RICA . . . . . ANGL / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
.58 gm., 14 mm.
North #1331; Seaby #1699.
Classification from Seaby 1994, p. 113; and North, Vol. 2, p. 45:
Seaby lists four types of half pennies for Richard II. The type of lettering on this coin excludes types 3 and 4. The 1'st type is excluded because there is no annulet on the breast and there are no Roman Ns in LONDON. So this coin is the second "intermediate" type with no marks on the breast and Lombardic Ns in LONDON.
Callimachus
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54. Henry IV.Penny, heavy coinage: 1399-1412, York mint.
Obverse: +HENRIC REX ANGL Z FRANC / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS EBORACI / Long cross with three pellets in each angle, quatrefoil at center.
Classification: The identifying feature of the mint of York is the Quatrefoil at the center of the reverse cross. The broad face with rounded chin identifies the specific catalog numbers in both North and Seaby.
1.03 gm., 18 mm.
North #1351; Seaby #1722.
Provenance: ex. Lord Stewartby collection.Callimachus
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79. George III.Penny "cartwheel," 1797.
Obverse: GEORGIUS III D G REX / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: BRITANNIA 1797 / Britannia seated, left.
27.94 gm., 36 mm.
Seaby #3777.Callimachus
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80. George III.Penny, 1806.
Obverse: GEORGIUS III D G REX 1806 / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: BRITANNIA / Britannia seated, left.
18.86 gm., 34 mm.
Seaby #3780.Callimachus
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81. George IV.Penny, 1826.
Obverse: GEORGIUS IV DEI GRATIA 1826 / Larueate bust, left.
Reverse: BRITANNIAR REX FID DEF / Britannia seated, right.
19.39 gm., 33 mm.
Seaby #3823.Callimachus
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82. William IV.Penny, 1831.
Obverse: GULIELMUS IIII DEI GRATIA 1831 / bare-headed bust, right.
Reverse: BRITANNIAR REX FID DEF / Britannia seated, right.
19.12 gm., 33 mm.
Seaby #3845.Callimachus
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83. Victoria.Penny, 1841.
Obverse: VICTORIA DEI GRATIA 1841 / diademed bust, left.
Reverse: BRITANNIAR REG FID DEF / Britannia seated, right.
18.98 gm., 33 mm.
Seaby #2948.Callimachus
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86b. Edward VII.Penny, 1908.
Obverse: EDWARDVS VII DEI GRA BRITT OMN REX FID DEF IND IMP / Bare-headed bust, right.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1908 / Britannia seated, right.
9.62 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #3990.Callimachus
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87b. George V.Penny (small head), 1935.
Obverse: GEORGIVS V DEI GRA BRITT OMN REX FID DEF IND IMP / Bare-headed bust, left.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1935 / Britannia seated, right.
9.37 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #4055.Callimachus
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90b. George VI.Penny, 1950.
Obverse: GEORGIVS VI D G BR OMN REX FIDEI DEF / Bare-headed bust, left.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1950 / Britannia seated, right.
9.39 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #4117.Callimachus
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91. Elizabeth II.Penny, 1962.
Obverse: +ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA F D / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1962 / Britannia seated, right.
9.47 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #4197.Callimachus
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Bronze - 1730 Half Penny~
~~~
Bronze Half Penny dated 1730
King George II
~~~
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Bronze - 1730 Half Penny~
~~~
Bronze Half Penny dated 1730
King George II
~~~
~rexesq
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Bronze - 1730 Half Penny~
~~~
Bronze Half Penny dated 1730
King George II
~~~
~rexesq
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England, Henricus-III., (1216-1272 A.D.), North-988, AR-Penny, Canterbury mint, #1England, Henricus-III., (1216-1272 A.D.), North-988, AR-Penny, Canterbury mint, #1
Long Cross type, without scepter; portrait class 3c issue. Moneyer, Nicole.
avers: *hENRICVS REX:III', (NR are ligate), Around central beaded circle enclosing a crowned and bearded face frontal.
reverse: NIC OLE ONC ANT, ( ON and AN are ligate), Spaced around arms, long voided cross with pellet center and finials, over central beaded circle, with pellet trefoil in each angle.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 18-18,5mm, weight: 1,36g, axis: 2h,
mint: Canterbury, Moneyer: Nicole, date: 1247-1272 A.D., ref: Seaby-1364, North-988,
Q-001quadrans
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England, John Lackland, (1199-1216 A.D.), Seaby 1352, AR-Penny, London mint, Moneyer: Abel, Short cross, #1England, John Lackland, (1199-1216 A.D.), Seaby 1352, AR-Penny, London mint, Moneyer: Abel, Short cross, #1
Short Cross type, with scepter, Class Vc,
avers: Scepter hENRICVS R• EX, Crowned bust facing, crowned, with a beard, two curls on each side of the head, scepter in right hand.
reverse: ✠ABELON•LVN•DE•, Short cross voided, cross botonnée in each angle.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 18,0-19,0mm, weight: 1,33g, axis: 4h,
mint: London mint, Moneyer: Abel, date: c.1204-1209 A.D., ref: Seaby 1352, N. 971,
Q-001quadrans
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England, John Lackland, (1199-1216 A.D.), Spink 1351, AR-Penny, London mint, Short cross, #1England, John Lackland, (1199-1216 A.D.), Spink 1351, AR-Penny, London mint, Short cross, #1
Short Cross type, with scepter; Class 5b,
avers: Scepter hENRICVS R•EX, Crowned bust facing, crowned, with beard, two curls on each side of head, sceptre in right hand.
reverse: ✠RAVLF•ON•LVN•DE•, Short cross voided, cross botonnée in each angle.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 19,8mm, weight: 1,34g, axis: 0h,
mint: London mint, Moneyer: Ralph, date: c.1204-09 A.D., ref: Spink 1351,
Q-001quadrans
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Ireland/Colonial America, Georg I., (1714-1727 A.D.), Bristol S:6601, Cu-1/2 Penny, HIBERNIA•1723, Hibernia seated left, #1Ireland/Colonial America, Georg I., (1714-1727 A.D.), Bristol S:6601, Cu-1/2 Penny, HIBERNIA•1723, Hibernia seated left, #1
avers: GEORGIUS•DEI•GRATIA•REX•, Laureate head right.
reverse: HIBERNIA•1723, Hibernia seated left, leaning on a harp.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 25,5mm, weight: 7,52g, axis: 6h,
mint: ,date: 1723 A.D., ref: Bristol S:6601, Cu-1/2 Penny,
Q-001
William Wood's Coinage (also used in North America). quadrans
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