Ancient & Medieval Sicily
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SICILY: Guglielmo I, 1154-1166, AV tari (1.04g), NM, AH549, Spahr-88, rare with legible date, ruler cited as al-malik ghulyalim al-hadi bi-amr AllahQuant.Geek
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SICILY: Roggero II, 1130-1156, AV tari (0.95g), NM, ND, Spahr-69, Travaini-217, ruler cited as al-malik rujar al-mu'tazz billah, star above, struck 1140-56Quant.Geek
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SICILY: Roggero II, 1130-1156, AV tari (0.95g), NM, ND, Spahr-60, Travaini-190, ruler cited as al-mu'tazz billah / al-malik rujar / al-mu'azzam, star above, struck 1130-1140,Quant.Geek
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Italy, Salerno, Ruggero (Duca, 1127-1130). Æ Follaro Fraction (14mm, 1.68g, 10h). Head facing slightly r. R/ Ornate cross. Cappelli 104; MEC 14, 170Quant.Geek
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Byzantine Imitation: Anonymous (ca 11th Century) Æ Follis, Unknown Mint (DOC III Bb; Zervos 9-10) Obv: IC to left, XC with pellet above to right; Bust of Christ facing, with cross nimbus having quincunx (⁙) in each arm and pellet in each upper quarter, wearing tunic and himation; right hand raised in blessing in sling of cloak, left hand holds book, with ⁙ on cover, from beneath.
Rev: IS-XI IAS-IIЄ IAS-IIЄ to left and right above and below of cross; cross on base and two steps, pellet at each end of upper armsQuant.Geek
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Byzantine Imitation: Anonymous (ca 11th Century) Æ Follis, Unknown Mint (DOC III Bb; Zervos 9-10)Obv: IC to left, XC with pellet above to right; Bust of Christ facing, with cross nimbus having quincunx (⁙) in each arm and pellet in each upper quarter, wearing tunic and himation; right hand raised in blessing in sling of cloak, left hand holds book, with ⁙ on cover, from beneath.
Rev: IS-XI IAS-IIЄ IAS-IIЄ to left and right above and below of cross; cross on base and two steps, pellet at each end of upper arms Quant.Geek
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Normans in Sicily: Frederick II (1197-1250) AV Tarì, Messina (Spahr-85; MEC-163; MIR-78; D’Andrea-138)Obv: Pseudo-Cufic circular legend; in center, six pellets
Rev: Cross between IC XC / NI KA
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Normans in Sicily: Frederick II (1198-1250) AV Tarì, Brindisi (Spahr 66-69; MIR-76; D’Andrea-140; MEC 529-31)Obv: Circular pseudo-Cufic legend; in center, crowned eagle looking left, with dot above left wing
Rev: Cross between IC XC NI KA
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Normans in Sicily: Guglielmo I (1154-1166) Æ Follaro Fraction, Messina (Travaini 302; Spahr 99; MEC Italy III 286-289a)Obv: Bust of Madonna with Child; pellet between them; MP / ΘY to left
Rev: REX / •W•, in center, duriba Masini sanat 550 around edge, in Kufic script
Dim: 13mm, 1.02g, 9h
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1105-1130) Æ Follaro, Messina (Spahr-53; MEC-163; MIR-17)Obv: Roger standing with cross on shaft and orb; in field left, R / II
Rev: Christ seated on throne
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1105-1130) Æ Follaro, Messina (Spahr-54; Travaini, Monetazione 176; MEC 14, 165)Obv: Ruggero standing facing, holding cross-tipped scepter and globus cruciger; R/II to left
Rev: Cross fourchée; IC-XC/NI-KA in quarters; triangles below letters
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1105-1130) Æ Follaro, Messina (Travaini-191; Spahr-78; MEC-178-9)Obv: Ruggero standing facing, holding scepter
Rev: + IC + XC + NI + KA; Circumscribed cross
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1105-1130) Æ Follaro, Messina (Travaini-191; Spahr-78; MEC-178-9)Obv: Ruggero standing facing, holding scepter
Rev: + IC + XC + NI + KA; Circumscribed cross
Dim: 16mm, 1.32 g
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1105-1154) AE Doppio Follaro (Biaggi-1215; Spahr-50)Obv: Bust of Christ facing between CE and SS (in retrograde)
Rev: Roger on throne with cross; R (in retrograde) and II in right field
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1130-1154) AR Ducale, Palermo (Spahr 72; MEC 212; Biaggi 1770)Obv: + IC • XC • RG • IN AE TRN (Jesus Christus regnat in aeternum); Bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium and colobium, and raising right hand in benediction; in left hand, book of Gospels
Rev: King Roger and his son Roger, duke of Apulia, staff with cross at each end between them, beneath the king R RX SCLS (Rogerius Rex Siciliae), beneath the duke, R • D X • AP (Rogerius Dux Apuliae) and AN R X (Anno decimo del regno) between them
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Normans in Sicily: Roger II (1130-1154) AR Ducale, Palermo (Spahr 72; MEC 212; Biaggi 1770)Obv: + IC • XC • RG • IN AE TRN (Jesus Christus regnat in aeternum); Bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium and colobium, and raising right hand in benediction; in left hand, book of Gospels
Rev: King Roger and his son Roger, duke of Apulia, staff with cross at each end between them, beneath the king R RX SCLS (Rogerius Rex Siciliae), beneath the duke, R • D X • AP (Rogerius Dux Apuliae) and AN R X (Anno decimo del regno) between themQuant.Geek
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Normans in Sicily: Tancred (1189-1194) AV Tari, ND (MEC-199)Obv: ✶ in center field, Kulfic legend around - المالك تنقرير المعتز بالله (King Tancred the Victorious through Allah); Mint-Date formula off flan
Rev: Large cross with IC XC NI KA in either side; Mint-Date formula off flanQuant.Geek
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Normans in Sicily: Tancred (1189-1194) Æ Follaro, ND (MEC 447-8; Spahr 139; Biaggi 1237)Obv: 🞣ROGERIVS:; in center, REX; above and below, ◎
Rev: Arabic kufic legend on two lines - المالك تنقرير (al-malik Tanqrir; the King, Tancred)
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Normans in Sicily: William I (1154-1166) AR Ducale, Palermo (Spahr-94; MEC-290; MIR-435)Obv: IC XC; Bust of Christ Pantokrator facing
Rev: R DVX FI LI VS EIVS; King William, on right, and his son, Duke Roger, on left, both standing facing and holding a long patriarchal cross between them; the King also holds globus cruciger, while his son holds his sword by the hilt
This issue commemorates the investiture of William as King of Sicily and Roger as Duke of Puglia by Pope Adrian IV (Nicholas Breakspear, the only Englishman to have occupied the papal throne)Quant.Geek
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Normans in Sicily: William II "The Good" (1166-1189) AE follaro, Messina, ND (MEC 432-437; Spahr 118; Biaggi 1232; Thomsen 2481-2483; Varesi 37)Obv: Lion scalp facing ¾ left; beaded border
Rev: Arabic kufic legend, الملك غليوم الثاني (al-malik Ghulyalim al-thani; the King, William the Second); beaded borderQuant.Geek
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Normans in Sicily: William II "The Good" (1166-1189) Æ Large Follaro, Messina, ND (MEC 426-431; Spahr 117)Obv: Lion scalp facing ¾ left; beaded border
Rev: Palm tree bearing fruit; beaded borderQuant.Geek
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Normans in Sicily: William II (1166-1189) AR 1/3 Apuliense, Palermo (Spahr-112; MEC 397-8; MIR 440)Obv: Palm tree with dates between •W• Rx and two pellets
Rev: +TERCI APVLIENSIS:I, in center, Arabic legend - الملك غليليم الثاني (al-malik Ghulyalim al-thani, with pellet on Gh as diacritic sign)
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Normans in Sicily: William II (1166-1189) BI Dirham Fraction, Palermo (Spahr 116; Travaini 367; MEC 400)Obv: Kufic legend in three lines - الملك غليوم المعظم (King Guglielmo, the Great)
Rev: Kufic legend in two lines - المعتز بالله (Victorious through God); in center, cross potent flanked by pellets
Dim: 10mm, 0.52 g, 11hQuant.Geek
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Sicily: Enrico VI & Constance (1194-1196) BI Denaro, Messina or Palermo (Travaini 4; MIR 55; Spahr 28; MEC 14, 483)Obv: Cross pattée
Rev: Eagle facing, head left, with wings displayedQuant.Geek
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