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Countermarks

Nike (x2), Asklepios, Elagabalus, and Goat (x2)CILICIA. Aegae. Caracalla (?). Æ 32. A.D. 198-217. Inscription illegible. Laureate head right; 4 countermarks: (1) on shoulder, (2) on head, (3) before face, (4) before neck.Inscription obliterated. Rev: Worn smooth; 2 countermarks. Weight:16.38 g. Note: The coin can be identified as being from Aegeae since this coin's countermarks were applied only to coins of that city. CM(1&5): Nike left, in circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego 258 (9 pcs). Note: The countermark was applied to both sides of all coins. CM(2): Bust of Asklepois right (?), in rectangular punch, 4 x 6 mm. Howgego 5 ? (1 pc). CM(3): Laureate bust right (Elagabalus), in oval punch, 4 x 7 mm. Howgego (11 pcs). Note: Likely applied during the reign of Elagabalus, since his coins were not countermarked. CM(4&6): Goat standing right (?), in roughly circular punch, 5 mm.Howgego 313 ? (7 pcs). Collection Automan.1 commentsAutoman

Nike and Î” (?)BITHYNIA. Nicaea. Severus Alexander. Æ 19. A.D. 222-235. Obv: MAYPCE)VAÎ›EÎžANÎ”PO(CAV) or similar. Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right; countermark (1) on bust. Rev: NI-K-AI-E between three standards, (Î©N) in ex. Countermark (2) on lower half. Ref: BMC 101 (?). Axis: 30°. Weight: 3.12 g. CM(1): Î” (?) in circular punch, 6 mm. Possibly Howgego 788 (62 pcs). Note: None of the coins recorded by Howgego weighs as little as 3.12 g., which makes it likely that countermark (1) is not actually Howgego 788. CM(2): Nike standing right, in oval punch, 7 x 8 mm. Howgego 255 (39 pcs). Collection Automan.Automan

Nike and Prize CrownCILICIA. Hieropolis-Castabala. Caracalla. Æ 31. Circa A.D. 198-209. Obv: (A)VT(KM?)-AVANTWNEINOC. Emperor seated left on chair while being crowned by Nike; right arm extended, holding object; 2 countermarks, (1) before and (2) behind emperor. Rev: IEPOÎ OÎ›ITONKACTABAÎ›(EWN). Ivy-wreathed and draped bust of Dionysus right, before which bunch of grapes hanging from stalk. Ref: SNG von Aulock 5577; BMC - . Axis: 195°. Weight: 12.71 g. Note: This coin is remarkable in that the obverse shows a seated figure while the reverse features a bust, this unusual feature being clear to those who applied the countermarks. CM(1): Nike advancing left, holding wreath, in oval punch, 6 x 8 mm. Howgego 260 (23 pcs).The CM may refer to Macrinus' "Victoria Parthica", there also being coins issued by Macrinus with his reverse type. CM(2): Prize crown between torches, in circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego 427 (10 pcs). Note: May have been applied at time of Macrinus.Automan

Nike and Prize CrownCILICIA. Hieropolis-Castabala. Caracalla. Æ 31. Circa A.D. 200. Obv: AVTKAIMAPAVPH-ANTWNEINOC.Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks, (1) before and (2) below bust. Rev: IEPOÎ OÎ›ITONKACTABAÎ›EWN. Septimius Severus standing to right, clasping hands with Caracalla (?) to left. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 165°. Weight: 14.98 g. Note: Ziegler (1993:211) notes 37 coins struck for Caracalla. CM(1): Nike advancing left, holding wreath, in oval punch, 6 x 7.5 mm Howgego 260 (23 pcs). Note: The CM may refer to Macrinus' "Victoria Parthica", there also being coins issued by Macrinus with his reverse type. CM(2): Prize crown between I and E, in circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego 427v (letters in stead of torches). Note: May have been applied at time of Macrinus, when smaller coins with prize-crown reverses were issued. Collection Automan.Automan

Nike and Prize CrownCILICIA. Hieropolis-Castabala. Septimius Severus. Æ 31. A.D. 193-211. Obv: AVTKAIÎ›OYCEÎ CEYHPOC(Î EPCE…) or similar. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks, (1) before and (2) behind bust. Rev: (IEP)OÎ OÎ›EIT-(ONKACTABAÎ›EWN) or similar. Winged figure of Nike advancing right, holding out wreath. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 360°. Weight: 13.88 g. Note: Ziegler (1993:211) notes 27 coins struck for Septimius Severus (incl. Julia Domna). CM(1): Nike advancing left, holding wreath, in oval punch, 6 x 7.5 mm. Howgego 260 (23 pcs). Note: The CM may refer to Macrinus' "Victoria Parthica", there also being coins issued by Macrinus with his reverse type. CM(2): Prize crown between I and E, in circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego 427v (letters in stead of torches). Note: May have been applied at time of Macrinus, when smaller coins with prize-crown reverses were issued. Collection Automan.1 commentsAutoman

Nike and Prize crown (x 3)CILICIA. Hieropolis-Castabala. Caracalla. Æ 31. Struck circa A.D. 200. Obv: AVTKAIMAPAVPH-ANTWNEINOC. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks, (1) before and (2) behind bust. Rev: IEPOÎ OÎ›EITW-NKACTABAÎ›EWN. Tyche standing l., holding rudder and cornucopia; 2 countermarks, (3) before face of Tyche, (4) behind Tyche. Ref: BMC 13; Sear GIC 2627. Weight: 14.50 g. CM(1): Nike advancing left, holding wreath, in oval punch, 6 x 7 mm. Howgego 260 (23 pcs). The c/m may refer to Macrinus' "Victoria Parthica", there also being coins issued by Macrinus with his reverse type. CM(2): Prize crown between I and E or between torches (?), in circular punch, 5 mm. CM(3): Howgego 427 (or 427 var.). May have been applied at time of Macrinus, when smaller coins with prize-crown reverses were issued. CM(4): Prize crown between torches, in circular punch, 5 mm. Howgego 427. Note: The 10 pieces noted by Howgego all have the countermark on the obv. Possibly same as CM (3)? Collection Automan.Automan

Nike leftCILICIA. Epiphaneia. Septimius Severus. Æ 36. A.D. 193/194 (year 261). Obv: (...Î›CEÎ CEV)-HPONÎ (EPCEB). Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; Countermark before chin. Rev: (I)Î”OMNANCE(B-N)EÎ I(Î¦ANEÎ©N), A in field to left, (ÎžC) in field to right. Draped bust of Domna right. Ref: BMC -; SNG France (2) 2399. Axis: 195°. Weight: 30.27 g. CM: Nike advancing left (?). Howgego 259 ? (2 pcs). Note: The two pieces noted by Howgego have punches that differ in size, and Howgego notes that they may not represent one group. The identification of the countermark as representing Nike is also uncertain. Indeed, the Nike on this specimen appears to be advancing left rather than right. Collection Automan.Automan

Nike rightBITHYNIA. Nicaea. Septimius Severus. Æ 22. A.D. 193-211. Obv: AYKÎ›CEÎ (TI?-CEVHPOCÎ E) or sim. Laureate head right; Countermark on neck. Rev: NI(-KAI-)EÎ©N. Hygieia standing right, feeding serpent from patera in her right arm. Ref: BMC - (56 sim., although var. size). Axis: 30°. Weight: 4.61 g. CM: Nike standing right, in oval punch, 7 x 8 mm. Howgego 254 (94 pcs). Note: The Nike probably referred to the city and not a specific victory. Collection Automan.Automan

Nike rightBITHYNIA. Nicaea (?). Lucius Verus (?). Æ 28. A.D. 161-169. Obv: Bust left; countermark behind. Rev: Tetrastyle temple. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 225°. Weight: 12.40 g. Note: Possibly of Nicomedia, although none of the coins with cm 254 are from Nicomedia! CM: Nike standing right, in oval punch, 6 x 8 mm. Howgego 254 (94 pcs). Note: The Nike probably referred to the city and not a specific victory. Collection: Automan.Automan

Nike rightBITHYNIA. Nicaea. Caracalla. Æ 24. A.D. 198-217 (struck circa A.D. 200?). Obv: A(VK)MAYP-ANTÎ©NAVÐ“. Laureate head right; Countermark behind. Rev: NIKA-IEÎ©N. Athena standing right, holding spear in raised right hand, resting left hand on shield. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 210°. Weight: 9.66 g. CM: Nike standing right, in oval punch, 7 x 8 mm. Howgego 254 (94 pcs). Note: The Nike probably referred to the city and not a specific victory. Collection Automan.Automan

Nike rightBITHYNIA. Nicaea. Julia Domna. Æ 31. A.D. 193-217 (struck around A.D. 200?). Obv: (IOVÎ›IA-CEBACTH)?. Draped bust right; Countermark behind neck. Rev: (CEOVHPEIAÎ¦IÎ›AÎ”EÎ›Î¦EIA?), NIKAIEÎ©N beneath. Head of Caracalla to right, facing head of Geta to left. Ref: BMC -; SNG Aul -; SNG Cop -. Axis: 210°. Weight: 20.41g. CM: Nike standing right, in oval punch, 7 x 8 mm. Howgego 254 (94 pcs). Note: The Nike probably referred to the city and not a specific victory. Collection Automan.Automan

NK (monogram of)MACEDON. Thessalonica. Julius Caesar & Augustus. Æ 22. Time of Tiberius. Obv: Î˜EOÎ£. Laureate head of Caesar right; countermark on neck. Rev: Î˜EÎ£Î£AÎ›O-NIKEÎ©N, Î” (under bust). Bare head of Augustus right. Ref: BMC 58 v. Axis: 360°. Wright: 11.24 g. CM: Monogram of NK, in circular punch, 6.5 mm. Howgego 625 (25 pcs). Note: Likely the countermark refers to NEPO KAICAP. Collection Automan.Automan

NK (monogram of)MACEDON. Thessalonica. Julius Caesar & Augustus. Æ 21. Time of Tiberius. Obv: Î˜EOÎ£. Laureate head of Caesar right; countermark on neck. Rev: Î˜EÎ£Î£A-Î›ONIKEÎ©N, Î” (under bust). Bare head of Augustus right. Ref: BMC 58 v. Axis: 360°. Weight: 11.90 g. CM: Monogram of NK, in circular punch, 6.5 mm. Howgego 625 (25 pcs). Likely the countermark refers to NEPO KAICAP. Collection Automan.Automan

NYÎ£ASAMARIA. Nysa-Scythopolis (?). Nero (?). Æ 21. A.D. 66/67 (?). Obv: (NEPWNKÎ›AYÎ”IOÎ£KAIÎ£APÎ£EB...). Laureate head of Nero right; countermark on neck. Rev: (NYÎ£A, LPÐ“ in field). Tyche standing left. Ref: RPC 4834 (?); Spojkerman 4 (?). Axis: 360° ? Weight: 8.46 g. Note: The identification of the coin is based on the countermark; all identifiable specimens listed by Howgego bearing this countermark are of Nero from Nysa-Scythopolis. CM: NYÎ£A, in rectangular punch, 11 x 4.5 mm. Howgego 555 (8 pcs). Note: The countermark was applied to valiadate coins of Nero. Collection Automan.Automan

OÎ”IÎ” (monogram of) and Mâ–ªSTMACEDON. Stobi (?). Marcus Aurelius (?). Æ.A.D. 161-180 (?). Obv: Laur. bust r.; 2 CMs, (1) before face, (2) below chin. Rev: Outline of stg. deity. Axis: 165°. Weight: 8.80 g. Note: The attribution of the coin to Stobi is based on the attribution of one of the countermarks to that city and is by no means certain. CM(1): Monogram of "o" ontop of Î” directly followed by "I" ontop of Î”, in rectangular punch, 8 x 5 mm.Howgego 626 (7 pcs). Note: The CM reads "Odessus 4". Howgego suggests "Dionysopolis 4" as a possible alternate reading. CM(2): Mâ–ªST, in rectangular punch, 9 x 4 mm. Howgego 704 (2 pcs). Note: The two specimens noted by Howgego are from Commodus and Marcus Aurelius and were struck in Stobi. The CM may be read Municipium Stobensium. This combination of CMs is not recorded by Howgego. In fact, none of the coins listed with CM (1) or (2) bear more than one CM. CM (2) was applied before CM (1). Collection Automan.Automan

Olbia Artemis AE dihalkA very rare example of this issue struck ca. 200-160 B.C.
OBV/ Artemis with "Helmeted Athena" countermark. Rev/ Lyre

Mayadigger

owlHost coin worn smooth, AE 18/20 mm. Weight: 7.63 grs. Obv: round CM: Owl on a twig Rev: ?? Collection Roland Mueller
Automan

OwlMysia, Pergamon, 2nd cent. B.C. AE-19 mm, 7.63 grs. AV: Head of Asclepios to right. RV: ASKLEPIOU / SOTHROS either side of Asclepian snake coild round omphalos. Round CM: Owl sitting to right. Collection: Mueller.Automan

Owl (obv) and various shapes (rev)Persia, Achaimen. Kings, 475-420 B.C. AR-Siglos 13/18 mm, 5.72 gr. AV: The Great King kneeling right, shooting with bow. Round CM: Owl. RV: Oblong, incuse Punch, CM: various chapes. Collection: Mueller.Automan

Owl countermark on Apameia --AE22.Apameia --AE22. Zeus/Cult Status of Artemis Araitis. Owl c/m on obverse. (featherz)featherz

PA and SN/NS (?)Uncertain mint. Trajan. Æ 20. A.D. 98-117. Obv: (…T)PAIANO-C(…). Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks: (1) behind bust, (2) on neck. Rev: Inscription obliterated, uncertain images. Weight: 5.05 g. CM(1): PA in rectangular punch, 5 x 3 mm. Howgego -. CM(2): NS or SN, in rectangular punch, 5 x 3 mm. Howgego -. Collection Automan.Automan

Palm-branch (?)Syria, Kings, Alexander I. Balas, 150-145 B.C. AE-20 mm, 7.93 grs. Struck in Apamea. AV: Diadem. head of the King to right, within a dotted border
RV: APAMEWN, Zeus standing to left, holding corinth. helmet and scepter, in the field to left: GXR and Monogram. Rectangular CM: Palm-branch or possibly feather (?). Collection: Mueller.1 commentsAutoman

Palm-branch (?)CILICIA. Aegeae. Severus Alexander. Æ 38. A.D. 228/229 (year 275). Obv: AVTKMAVPCEVAÎ›EÎžAN(Î”POC)CEB. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev: (AÎ”PIAÎ›)EÎžANÎ”POVÎ O(...AIÎ“EAIWN), E in field to left, OC in field to right. Bust of Athena right, wearing crested Corintian helmet; Countermark on head. Ref: BMC 36. Axis:195°. Weight: 22.49 g. CM: Palm-branch (?) in rectangular punch, 4 x 7.5 mm.Howgego -. Collection Automan.Automan

pinwheel/flower CMAthena in Corinthian helmet 20m/m 5.8 gramsdivo

PKA (monogram of)BITHYNIA. Calchedon. Claudius. Æ 27. A.D. 41-54 (likely struck late in that period). Obv: (...KÎ›)AYÎ”IOYKAIÎ£APO(...TOÎ£). Bare head left; countermark before neck. Rev: (KAÎ›XAÎ”ONIÎ©N). Laureate and draped bust of Apollo right; lyre at far shoulder. Ref: RPC 1787 (1 pc); Sear 438. Axis: 180°. Weight: 9.35 g. CM: Monogram of PKA, in rectangular punch, 3 x 6.5 mm. Howgego 632 sim. Note: Howgego 632 is applied to 12 coins of the Thracian king Rhoemetalces I. This countermark is similar, although with the letter "A" added. Could it possibly also be a reference to Rhoemetalces Caesar? RPC argues that Calchedon formed part of Rhoemetalces Kingdom of Thrace. Collection Automan.Automan

PKA (monogram of)BITHYNIA. Calchedon. Claudius. Æ 24. A.D. 41-54 (likely struck late in that period). Obv: ...KÎ›AYÎ”IOYKAIÎ£APO...TOÎ£. Bare head left; countermark before neck. Rev: KAÎ›XAÎ”ONIÎ©N. Laureate and draped bust of Apollo right; lyre at far shoulder. Ref: RPC 1787 (1 pc); Sear 438. Axis: 210°. Weight: 7.46 g. CM: Monogram of PKA, in rectangular punch, 3 x 6.5 mm. Howgego 632 sim. Note: Howgego 632 is applied to 12 coins of the Thracian king Rhoemetalces I. This countermark is similar, although with the letter "A" added. Could it possibly also be a reference to Rhoemetalces Caesar? RPC argues that Calchedon formed part of Rhoemetalces Kingdom of Thrace. Collection Automan.Automan

Prusias I --AE27. Head of Apollo L, countermarks: Head of Artemis L, tripod and Lyre. (featherz)featherz

Punch marks on Achaemenid Dynasty, Darius-Artaxerxes I AR siglos (420-375 BC).o/ The king in kneeling-running stance, holding a bow and dagger.
r/ Incuse punch.
Several small punch-marks stamped by private merchants or money-changers, most likely for currency in India
5,58g. 14mmAugustin Caron

Radiate male head rightMACEDON. Thessalonica. Trajan. Æ 27. A.D. 98-117. Obv: KAICAP-TPAIANOC. Radiate bust right. Rev: Î˜ECCAÎ›ON-IKEWN.Nike advancing right, holding palm-branch and wreath; countermark on Nike. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 195°. Wright: 19.44 g. CM: Radiate male head right, in oval punch, 4 x 6 mm. Howgego 55 (11 pcs ?). Collection Automan.Automan

Ram (facing head of) & unidentifiedPamphylia, Aspendos. AR-Stater 18/24 mm, 10.79 grs. AV: Two wrestlers, dotted border. RV: Slinger advancing to right, triskelis before, legend unclear. CM 1: Head of a Ram en face; CM 2: unidentified. Collection: Mueller.Automan

River God recliningThrace, Kings of, Lysimachos, 323-281 B.C. AE-20 mm, 3.81 grs. AV: Young God (maybe Athena?) with attic helmet to right, dotted border
Round CM: River God reclining to left, above: Grape, In ex: Delta in a
circle. RV: BASILEWS / LYSIMAXOY, Lion advancing to right. A very interesting and rare CM! Collection: Mueller.Automan

ROMAN EMPIRE, Claudius, AE Sestertius.EX SC PP OB CIVES SERVATOS

Countermarked: NCAPR behind head.1 comments

S (lunate sigma)BITHYNIA. Tium. Caracalla. Æ 26. A.D. 209-217. Obv: ANTÎ©NEINOC-AVÎ“OVCTO(C). Laureate head right; countermark on neck. Rev: TIA-NÎ©N. Aesculapis standing facing, head left, holding serpent-encircled staff. Ref: BMC -; SNG von Aulock 965. Axis: 30°. Weight: 9.97 g. CM: S (lunate sigma) in circular punch, 7 mm. Howego 809 (47 pcs). Note: While the latest coin bearing this countermark listed by Howgego was issued for Gordian III, considering that other coins bearing denominational countermarks were issues as late as Hostilian, the countermark was likely not applied until the time of Valerian and Gallienus. Collection Automan.Automan

S (lunate sigma)IONIA. Ephesus. Gallienus. Obv: AUT K PO LIKIN GALLIHNOC, Bust laur.; countermark. Rev: EFESIWN G NEWKORWN, Artemis seated on rock, holding patera and bow, at her shoulder quiver. Ref: SNG Cop 511; SNG Aul 1929; BMC 371; SNG München 250. CM: S (Lunate Sigma). Howgego 811 (?). Note: The lunate sigma is the Greek number 6, possibly indicating that the coin was valued at 6 assaria. Howgego notes a number of different lunate sigma countermarks, dividing them into groups partly based on how the letter is shaped. It is by no means certain that this categorisation represents different times and places of application. It is not unlikely that this countermark was applied at Ephesus, though. Collection: Mueller.Automan

S (lunate sigma) in square punchUncertain mint. Uncertain emperor. Æ 28. Uncertain date. Obv: Faint outline of imperial bust right; countermark before. Rev: Deity (female?) standing facing, head turned left. Axis: 360°. Weight: 10.41 g. CM: S (lunate sigma) in square punch, 4.5 mm. Howgego 810 ? (1 pc). Note: Denominationa countermarks in rectangular punches are found of coins of Mysia, Troas and Aeolis, and were possibly applied in one city in that region. Collection Automan.Automan

S with pellet inside either bowMYSIA. Germe. Titus. Æ 18. A.D. 79-81. Obv: (CEB)AC-AYTO(KAI). Laureate head of Titus right; countermark behind head. Rev: CEBAC-AYT(OKAI). Laureate head of Domitian right. Ref: BMC -; RPC (II) 930. Axis: 330°. Weight: 3.03 g. Note: RPC attributes the coin to the reign of Titus, and presumes that Domitian is erroneously given the title Augustus Imperator. CM: S with pellet inside either bow, in rectangular punch, 2.5 x 4.5 mm. Howgego 742 ii variant (9 pcs). Note: Howgego argues that the most likely interpretation of the ”S” is as a denominational mark, although there are much larger coins of Titus bearing the same countermark. Collection Automan.Automan

Septimius Severus (?), head rightBITHYNIA. Nikomedia. Faustina Jr. Æ 26. A.D. 145-176. Obv: Î¦AVCTEI-NACEBACTH. Draped bust right. Rev: NEIKOMHÎ”IAC-(NEÎ©KOPOV?). Kybele enthroned left, right hand extended, holding object (?), resting left arm on drum (?); Countermark to upper left. Ref: BMC -; SNG Aul 765. Axis: 30°. Weight: 9.20 g. CM: Laureate head of emperor right, in circular punch, 6.5 mm. Howgego - (possibly 67?). Note: Howgego suggests that group 67 depicts Caracalla. The countermark on this specimen, though, bears a strong resemblance to Septimius Severus. Collection Automan.Automan

Septimius Severus (bust of)BOSPORUS, Kings of. Rhoemetalces. Æ 25 (48 nummia). A.D. 133-154 (circa). Obv: BACIÎ›(EW)CPOIMHTAÎ›KOY. Diademed and draped bust right, trident before, club behind; countermark before face. Rev: MH within wreath. Ref: Sear (GIC) 5469 var. (club behind); BMC 11-12 var. (regular A:s). Axis: 345°. Weight: 10.49 g. CM: Laureate bust of Septimius Severus right, in irregular punch, 7 x 8.5 mm.Howgego 63 (85 pcs). Note: The countermark was applied to equate older coins with coins issued during Septimius Severus' reign (A.D. 196-210), coins which bore Severus' head as part of the type. Collection Automan.Automan

Soloi -- AE22.Soloi -- AE22. After 66BC. Head of Athena R, c/m behind; R: Owl , SOLEUN, monogram. cf Phalz 1122. (featherz)featherz

SSAV in rectangular punchSYRIA: SELEUCIS & PIERIA. Seleuceia Pieria. Septimius Severus. Æ 22. A.D. 193-211. Obv: AVTOK(Î›CEÎ TCEOVHÎ EP). Laureate bust right; countermark across face. Rev: CEÎ›(EV-KEWNÎ I)-EPIAC. Thunderbolt (with fillet attached) on cushion, placed on stool. Ref: BMC 49; Lindgren 2129. Axis: 330°. Weight:8.51 g. CM: SSAV (?) in roughly rectangular punch, 3.5 x 6.5 mm. Howgego 721 (4 pcs). Note: Howgego describes the countermark as uncertain, although it would certainly appear to read SSAV. Collection Automan.Automan

Standing figure hld staff (Poseidon?)SAMARIA. Uncertain mint (Sebaste, Caesarea Maritima?). Titus or Domitian. Æ 21. 70s-80s A.D. Obv: Inscription illegible. Faint outline of imperial bust right; 2 countermark: (1) before face, (2) on neck. Rev: Worn smooth. Weight: 6.78 g. CM(1): Standing figure, holding staff, in rectangular punch, 3 x 4 mm. Howgego 281 (5 pcs). Note: Possibly depicting Poseidon, symbolic of Legio X Fretensis. CM(2): possibly second application of same cm. Collection Automan.Automan

Standing figure hld. staff (or similar)CILICIA. Irenopolis. Valerian. Æ 28 (8 Assaria). A.D. 254/255 (year 203). Obv: AVTKÎ Î›I-(OVAÎ›EPIANC). Radiate and draped bust right; Countermark before. Rev: IPENOÎ OÎ›ITWN, Î“C in ex. Hygieia to left facing right, feeding serpent; Asklepios to right, facing left, resting on serpent-staff. Ref: Sear GIC 4495 var. Axis: 30°. Weight: 20.60 g. CM: Standing figure, holding staff, palm-branch or similar object in left hand, uncertain object (patera?) in right hand.Howgego -. Note: Does not resemble Howgego 270, which is described as Tyche (?). Collection Automan.Automan

Star countermark on coin of Antoninus PiusAlthough there is not photo of the rev, I can tell you this coins is from Zeugma in Commagene (Syria). The CM is Howgego 453.
Automan

Star of six raysPHRYGIA. Hierapolis. Tiberius. Æ 16. A.D. 14-37. Obv: TIBEP(IOC)-KAIÎ£AP. Laureate head right. Rev: (IEPAÎ O)Î›EITÎ©N-(ZOÎ£)IMOÎ£-(IERPO)NE(K/O?...) in three vertical lines. Apollo Archegetes (a.k.a. Lairbenos) standing left, playing lyre; Countermark in center. Ref: RPC 2966 (1 specimen!). Axis: 15°. Weight: 3.30 g. Magistrate: Zosimos Hieroneik(...); Note: Very rare coin! CM: Star of six rays, in oval punch, 2.5 x 3.5 mm. Howgego 445 (3 pcs, 1 of which from this magistrate). Collection: Automan.Automan

Star, 6 raysJudaea, Herod Philip, Tetrarch, 4 B.C. - 34 A.D., issue for Tiberius and Livia
8809. Bronze AE 20, Hendin 530; RPC 4951; AJC II 245, 6a, aF, Caesarea Paneas mint, 7.98g, 20.3mm, 0o, c. 30 - 31 A.D.; obverse SEBASTWN, jugate heads of laureate Tiberius and Livia, star countermark; reverse FILIPPOU TETRARCOU, tetrastyle temple on high platform with round design (shield?) in center; very rare; $600.00
Meshore notes the same countermark on one of his examples (6a). In addition to being the first Jewish ruler to put his own portrait on his coinage, Philip was the first Jewish ruler to put Roman imperial portraits on his coinage.
whitetd49

Star, 6 rays - Howgego 457iJudaea, Herod Philip, Tetrarch, 4 B.C. - 34 A.D., issue for Tiberius
6584. Bronze AE 21, Hendin 534, RPC 4943, C/m Howgego 457i (7 pcs, none of this date!), VG, Caesarea Philippi (Panias) mint, 5.59g, 20.9mm, 0o, 15 - 16 A.D.; obverse TIBERIOS SEBAS, laureate head of Tiberius right, star countermark, which may have been overstruck on another countermark; reverse FILIPPOU TETRARCOU, LIQ, tetrastyle temple, L - I - Q between the columns (= year 19 = 15 - 16 A.D.); very scarce, sold.
whitetd49

STM (monogram of?)MACEDON. Amphipolis. Augustus (?). Æ 23. 27 B.C.-A.D. 14. Obv: (KAIÎ£AP-Î˜EOYYIOÎ£) or similar. Bare head right; countermark before head. Rev: (AMÎ¦IÎ OÎ›EITÎ©N) or similar. Artemis Tauropolos, holding inflated veil, riding on bull galloping right. Ref: Sear GIC 29 (?); BMC 73-76 (?). Axis: 360°. Weight:7.81 g. CM: Monogram of STM (?), in circular punch, 7 mm. Howgego 705 (3 pcs). CM: The interpretation "Stobensium Municipium" has been suggested for the countermark. Collection Automan.Automan

Stobi, MakedoniaMarcus Aurelius, AE 24 Diassaria
Obverse legend lost: countermark M•ST
Reverse legend partially lost, but still can read: STO B(I)ionutbd

T and Plough (?)Persia, Achaimen. Kings, 475-420 B.C. AR-Siglos 13/18 mm, 5.72 gr. AV: The Great King kneeling right, shooting with bow. CM(1): T (Tau). RV: Oblong, incuse Punch. CM(2): Plough (?). Collection: Mueller.Automan

TH-IÎ©N around figure of ZeusUncertain mint. Æ 22. Countermark. Worn smooth. Weight: 6.71 g. CM: TH-IÎ©N around figure of Zeus standing left, holding spear, eagle (?) at feet, in circular punch, 7.5 mm. Howgego -. Note: The only city to style its ethnic “THIÎ©N” is Teos in Ionia, although no similar countermarks are listed by Howgego for this or any other city. Collection Automan.Automan

ThunderboltSYRIA: SELEUCIS & PIERIA. Antiochia ad Orontem. Claudius. Æ 22. A.D. 47/48 (?). Obv: IMâ–ªTIâ–ªCL(Aâ–ªCAE)-AVâ–ªGER. Laureate head right; countermark before face. Rev: S C within laurel-wreath. Ref: RPC 4279. Axis: 360°. Weight: 14.18 g. CM: Thunderbolt in rectangular punch, 3.5 x 7 mm. Ref: Howgego - (possibly 473). Note: Howgego lists no SC-series coins countermarked with thunderbolts. However, Howgego 473 is applied to a (single) coin of Tiberius from Seleuceia Pieria. Collection Automan.Automan

Thunderbolt (?)Pamphylien, Side, 3rd - 2nd cent. B. C. AE-15 mm, 3.27 grs. AV: Head of Athena with crested Corinth. helmet to right; round CM: Keraunos. RV: Nike advancing to left, holding Palmleave and wreath, SIDETWN before, in the left field: Pomegranate. CM: Elaborate thunderbolt (?). Collection: Mueller.1 commentsAutoman

Thunderbolt and eagleCILICIA. Diocaesarea. Septimius Severus. Æ 29. A.D. 193-211. Obv: AYTOKPKAIC.Î›.-CEÎ TI.(CEOYHPOCÎ EPCEB). Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks: (1) to left, (2) to right, before bust. Rev: AÎ”P(.Î”I-OKAICA)P-EWN. Hexastyle temple inside which thunderbolt on base, to left tree behind altar; two Nikai (?) as acroteria; in pediment bucranium. Ref: BMC 6-7; Sear GIC 2244. Axis: 195°. Weight: 16.30 g. CM(1): Winged thunderbolt, in oval punch, 4 x 5.5 mm. Howgego 469 (39 pcs). CM (2): Eagle to front, head left, in oval punch, 5 x 7.5 mm. Howgego 337 (43 pcs). Note: The two countermarks were both cult objects of Zeus and were applied together, apparently not on coins struck later than the reign of Septimius Severus. Collection Automan.Automan

Thunderbolt and eagleCILICIA. Diocaesarea. Septimius Severus. Æ 33. A.D. 193-211. Obv: (AYTOKPKAICÎ›CEÎ TICEOYHPOC)Î -EPCEB. Laureate bust right; 2 countermarks, both before face. Obv: (AÎ”PIANÎ©NÎ”I)-OKAICAPEWN. Tyche standing left, holding rudder and cornucopia . Ref: BMC 8. Axis: 30°. Weight: 20.27 g. CM (1): Winged thunderbolt, in oval punch, 4 x 5.5 mm. Howgego 469 (39 pcs). CM (2): Eagle to front, head left, in oval punch, 5 x 7.5 mm. Howgego 337 (43 pcs). Note: The two countermarks were both cult objects of Zeus and were applied together, apparently not on coins struck later than the reign of Septimius Severus. Collection Automan.Automan

Thunderbolt in rectangle, Macedonian(?) helmet with cheek flaps, GorgoneionPontus, Mithridates VI Eupator (120-63 BC), Ae 25 (Head HN p.502). Obv Young head in leather helmet, Rev. Star. Head comments of this issue, 'usually countermarked'. Identical countermarks to SNG Vol: XI 649 William Stancomb Collection
Collection Manzikert

TI.C.A Countermark, Caligula, AE As, RIC I 38Gaius Germanicus "Caligula"
Augustus, 37 - 41 A.D.

Coin: AE As

Obverse: C CAESAR AVG GERMANICVS PON M TR POT, bare headed bust facing left.
Reverse: VESTA, Vesta, seated to the left, S - C across the fields.

Weight: 8.89 g, Diameter: 28.5 x 27 x 2 mm, Die axis: 200°, Mint: Rome, struck between 37-38 A.D. Reference: RIC I 38

Countermark: "TI.C.A" on the obverse side, done in the reign of his successor, Claudius (Tiberius Claudius Augustus).Constantine IV

Tiberius sestertius minted under Augustus, Lyon, A.D. 9-14Obv. TI CAESAR AVGVSTI FI IMPERATOR VI, laurate head of Tiberius left; countermark: (NC)APR : Nero Claudius Augustus Populus Romanus.
Rev. ROM ET AVG, Altar of Lyon flanked by Victories on columns.
22.1g, Ø 36mm, die axis 6h
Ref.: close to RIC Augustus 248b [R4] (which is IMPERATOR VII); close to Cohen 36 (but IMPERATOR VII; same countermark)Charles S

TI•C•A (Claudius - AD 41-54)Flan appears to have once been a coin that was restruck as a blank in order to remove the previous image (damnatio?) and then the countermark applied. Countermark of Claudius T I • C • A is evident.

TOMMOESIA INFERIOR. Tomis. Civic. Æ 17. 1st century A.D. Obv: Blank; countermark. Rev: Blank. Weight: 2.57 g. CM: TOM in rectangular punch, 8 x 2.5 mm. Howgego 567 (12 pcs). Collection Automan.Automan

TOM and BMOESIA INFERIOR. Tomis. Civic. Æ 19. 1st century A.D. Obv: Blank; 2 countermarks. Rev: Blank. Weight: 2.23 g. CM(1): TOM in rectangular punch, 10 x 4 mm. Howgego 567 (12 pcs). CM(2): B in rectangular punch, 5 x 7 mm. Howgego 751. Collection Automan.Automan

TR (monogram of) or possibly ploughMACEDON. Philippi. Augustus. Æ 18 (Semis). 27 B.C.-A.D. 14. Obv: AVG. Bare head right. Rev: Two colonists ploughing right with two (?) oxen; countermark below oxen. Ref: BMC 86-88 (MYSIA. Parium); RPC 1656. Axis: 360°. Weight: 3.90 g. CM: Monogram of TR, in circular punch, 4.5 mm. Howgego 657 (4 pcs). Note: The monogram may refer to Troas, but may also be a stylized plough. Collection Automan.Automan

Troas -- AE18. 2nd-1st Century BC. Facing bust of Apollos 3/4 to left, countermarks of mouse and bust of Apollo/Lyre, countermark of horse's head. cf. SNG Cop. 88 (no mouse, head 3/4 to r.). ex: Mabbott Collection Hans Schulman sale, 6/69 (featherz)2 commentsfeatherz

TrophyCILICIA. Uncertain colonial mint. Octavian. Æ 19 (Semis). Ca 31-30 B.C. Obv: (P)RINCEPSFELIX. Bare head right; countermark on neck. Rev: COLONIA-(IVLIA-IIVIR). Two humpded oxen pulling plow to left; in field to left two monograms: (1) VE, (2) TER. Ref: RPC 4083. Axis: 270°. Weight: 5.59 g. Note: The mint has been the subject of some discussion. The monograms of the revers refer to the names of the duovirs. CM: Trophy in circular punch, 5 mm. Howgego - (3 pcs in RPC, though). Collection Automan.Automan

Turtle(?) countermark on Aspendos AR Stater -- Circa 420-410 BC. Aspendos -- Circa 420-410 BC. AR Stater (22mm, 10.84 gm). Two wrestlers grappling; c/m's: tetraskeles in incuse circle, turtle(?) / Slinger to right; triskeles in field; c/m's: triskeles, male head right wearing petasos. Tekin Series A; SNG France 45; SNG Copenhagen 180. (featherz)featherz

Tyche (bust of)CAPPADOCIA. Caesarea. Severus Alexander. Æ 26. A.D. 222/223 (year 1). Obv: AVKMAVCEOVAÎ›EZANÎ”PO. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; Countermark on neck. Rev: (MHTP)OÎ -KAICAPI, ETA on base of altar. Agalma of Mt. Argaeus placed on altar. Ref: BMC 297 (var. obv. leg.). Axis: 330°. Weight: 10.55 g. CM: Veiled and turreted bust of Tyche right, in circular punch, 6.5 mm. Howgego 208 sim. Note: The 10 coins attributed to this group are all from Edessa. Collection Automan.Automan

Tyche (head of?)SYRIA: DECAPOLIS. Gadara. Vespasian. Æ 22. A.D. 71-72 (year 135 of the Pompeian era). Obv: OYECÎ (ACIA-N-OCKAICAP). Laureate head right; countermark on neck.(Î“A)Î”APA, (LE)Î›P in field to left. Rev: Tyche standing left, holding wreath and cornucopiae. Ref: BMC -; Sear GIC 738; Spijkerman 26a. Axis: 330°. Weight:9.37 g. CM: Head of Tyche (?) right, in roughly circular punch, 6.5 mm. Howgego 206 (7 pcs). Note: This specimen would seem to depict a female bust, although not a turreted one. Collection Automan.Automan

Tyche (turreted bust of)MESOPOTAMIA. Rhesaena. Trajan Decius. Æ 26. A.D. 249-251. Obv: AVTKAIÐ“AIMECKVTPAÎ”E(KIOCCEB). Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left; countermark on head. Rev: CEÎ KOÎ›PHCAINHCIWNLIIIP. Founder ploughing right with two oxen; eagle in field above; wreath between two palm-branches (?) in ex. Ref: BMC 15. Axis: 360°. Weight: 13.40 g. CM: Turreted bust of Tyche right, in circular punch, circa 7 mm. Howgego 209 (5 pcs). Collection Automan.Automan

Tyche (turreted head right)PHOENICIA. Sidon. Elagabalus. Æ 25. A.D. 218-222. Obv: IMPCAEMAV(RANTONINVSAVG) or similar. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; countermark before face. Rev: COLAVR-RIA-METRO, SID in ex. Car of Astarte on two wheels with four columns supporting roof; within spherical object (Baetyl), inverted crescent above, two uncertain figures at base. Ref: BMC 255 for rev. Axis: 195°. Weight: 10.97 g. Note: Howgego 205 was apparently only applied to coins of Elagabalus. CM: Turreted head of Tyche right, in rectangular punch, 5 x 6 mm. Howgego 205 (7 pcs). Collection Automan.Automan

Tyche with countermark of TycheDuring the reign of Augustus, 24/23 BC --- AE 18 of Orthosia, Phoenicia --- Turreted bust of Tyche, countermark of turreted Tyche at back of neck --- Two Tyches for the price of one! (Ray Wilk)

UncertainCilicia, Soloi, 3rd - 2nd cent B.C. AE-21 mm, 6.85 grs. AV: Head of Artemis with stephane to right, behind monogram, bow and quiver, dotted border. Round CM: Unidentified (maybe doublestruck?). Collection: Mueller.1 commentsAutoman

Uncertain (cista mystica?)BITHYNIA (?). Nicaea (?). Commodus. Æ 23. A.D. 177-192. Obv: A(â–ª?)Kâ–ªMAâ–ªKOâ–ª-AN(TÎ©N...). Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust left; countermark below chin. Rev: NI(K-A-IE-Î©?)N (?). Tetrastyle temple, inside uncertain deity. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 360°. Weight: 6.01 g. CM: Uncertain countermark in circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego - (?). Note: The image looks like snake arising from cista mystica (or similar). No such countermarks are recorded by Howgego, though. Collection Automan.Automan

Uncertain (obv.) and Uncertain (rev.)MYSIA. Germe. Titus. Æ 18. A.D. 79-81. Obv: (CEB)AC-AYTOKAI. Laureate head of Titus right; countermark (1) behind head. Rev: (CEB)AC-AY(TOKAI). Laureate head of Domitian right; countermark (2) before face. Ref: BMC -; RPC (II) 930. Axis: 330°. Weight: 3.03 g. CM(1): Uncertain countermark in circular punch, c. 5 mm. Howgego - (?). CM(2): Uncertain object (two objects crossed?), in oval punch, 4 x 5 mm. Howgego - (?). Collection: Automan.Automan

Uncertain letter (E, Îž, Î£ or C?) and PBITHYNIA. Nikomedia. Septimius Severus. Æ 27. A.D. 193-211. Obv: (AVTÎ›?)CEÎ -CEVHPOCÎ . Laureate bust right. Rev: NIKOMHÎ”EÎ©-NÎ”ICNEÎ©KÎ©P, Î©-N in field. Emperor in military dress standing facing, head left, holding spear in left hand and figure of Nike in extended right hand; countermark to left. Ref: BMC -. Axis: 360°. weight: 7.93 g. CM: Uncertain letter (E, Îž, Î£ or C?) and P, in circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego -. Collection Automan.Automan

Uncertain letter(s) and BTHRACE. Topirus. Julia Domna. Æ 22. A.D. 193-217. Obv: (...)IOV-Î›IAÎ”OMN.Draped bust right; Countermark behind. Rev: OVÎ›Î IAC-TOÎ IPOC. Artemis moving right, holding bow and drawing arrow from quiver; dog at her feet. Ref: BMC -; Axis: 210°. Weight: 8.50 g. CM: Uncertain letter(s) and B, in circular punch, 5 mm. Howgego -. Collection Automan.Automan

UnidentifiedMacedonia, Kings. Alexander III, the Great, 336-323 B.C. AE-20 mm, 5.41 grs. AV: Head of Herakles with lions skin to right, within dotted border. RV: ALEXANDROY, above bow in quiver, below club and torch. Round CM; not identified. Collection: Mueller.Automan

UnidentifiedMacedonia, Kings. Alexander III. Magnus, 336-323 B.C. AE-20 mm, 5.54 grs. AV: Head of Herakles with lions skin to right, within dotted border. RV: ALEXANDROY, above bow in quiver, below club and torch. Round CM; not identified. Collection: Mueller.Automan

UnidentifiedMacedonia, Kings. Alexander III. Magnus, 336-323 B.C. AE-20 mm, 5.38 grs. AV: Head of Herakles with lions skin to right, within dotted border. RV: ALEXANDROY, above bow in quiver, below club and torch. Round CM; not identified. Collection: Mueller.Automan

UnidentifiedMacedonia, Kings. Alexander III. Magnus, 336-323 B.C. AE-18 mm, 5.53 grs. AV: Head of Herakles with lions skin to right, within dotted border. RV: ALEXANDROY, above bow in quiver, below club and torch. Round CM; not identified. Collection: Mueller.Automan

UNIDENTIFIED COUNTERMARK

Unidentified countermark on unidentified GREEK coinReverse eagle with monogram

VALEAT monogram countermark on Augustus AE28 EB0527Augustus, AE 28, Celsa, Hispania, L. Baggius and Mn. Flavius Festus, 15-14 BC.
Obverse: AVGVSTVS DIVI F Laureate head right.
Reverse: L BAGGI(O) C V ICEL MNFESTO Bull standing right, II VIR before, with countermark anagram VALEAT.
References: RPC I 273.
Diameter: 28mm, Weight: 10.222 gramsEB

Valerian I --AE29Valerian I --AE29, Irenopolis (?). R: Dionysos standing with biga of panthers. Nike C/M on obverse. Ref? (featherz)featherz

Van Alfen Countermark 3 on Egypt, third quarter 4th Century BC, Van Alfen Countermark 3 on obv. and rev. - probably relating to Persian monetary administration.
Coin details: http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-60763

Warrior with two standardsSyria, Kings, Antiochos II. 261-246 BC. AE-16 mm, 3.43 grs. AV: Laur. head of Apollo to right. Oval CM: Warrior with two standards. RV: BASILEWS / ANTIOXOI either side of tripod, below anchor, in the left
field: Monogram. Collection: Mueller.Automan

Winged caduceusPONTUS. Amisus. Claudius. Æ 21. A.D. 53/54 (year 85 of the era of Amisus).Î£EBAÎ£TOÎ£). Obv: Laureate head right; countermark behind neck. Rev: ETO(YÎ£-EÎ )-AMI(Î£O-Y) . Legend in four lines within laurel-wreath. Ref: BMC -; Sear GIC 436; Waddington 61, 72. Axis: 360°. Weight: 4.74 g. CM: Winged caduceus, in circular punch, 4 mm. Howgego 391 (8 pcs). Note: Howgego notes that the countermark was probably applied before the city’s next issue of coins under Vespasian, and that is was probably applied at the same time that another type of countermark (star) was applied to coins of Agrippina. Collection Automan.Automan

Winged caduceus and Î”SARMATIA. Olbia. Civic. Æ 22. Time of the Flavians to circa A.D. 170 (likely late in that period). Obv: OÎ›B(IOÎ O). Laureate head of Apollo right; 2 countermarks, both on bust. Rev: Î˜EO-(B (angular, mirror image) OI) or similar. Sea-eagle with spread wings, standing right on fish. Ref: BMC 18; Anokhin 379. Axis: 360°. Weight: 4.15 g. CM(1): Winged caduceus, in oval punch, 5 x 10 mm. Howgego 390 (102 pcs). CM(2): Î” in shaped punch, 6 x 7 mm. Howgego 787 (61 pcs). Note: Countermark (2) is applied over countermark (1) and may have been applied in the 170s, although the application of countermarks probably went on for a long time. Collection Automan.Automan

Winged caduceus and Î”SARMATIA. Olbia. Civic. Æ 26. Time of the Flavians to c. A.D. 170 (likely early in that period). Obv: Laureate head of Apollo right; 2 countermarks: (1) on bust, (2) behind bust. Rev: (?)Î›(B?). Sea-eagle with spread wings, standing right on dolphin. Ref: BMC -; Anokhin 376 (?); Nechitailo 655 (?). Axis: 360°. Weight: 16.09 g. Note: The attribution, dating and references of this coin are uncertain. CM(1): Winged caduceus in oval punch, 5 x 10 mm. Howgego 390 (102 pcs). CM(2): Î” in shaped punch, 6 x 7 mm. Howgego 787 (61 pcs).Note: The countermarks may have been applied in the 170s, although the application of countermarks probably went on for a long time. Collection Automan.Automan

Winged caduceus and Î”SARMATIA. Olbia. Civic. Æ 25. Time of the Flavians to circa A.D. 170 (likely late in that period). Obv: (O)Î›(BIOÎ O) or similar. Laureate head of Apollo right; 2 countermarks, both on bust. Rev: OÎ›B or similar (?). Sea-eagle with spread wings, standing right on fish. Ref: BMC 18; Anokhin 379. Axis: 180°. Weight: 7.71 g. CM(1): Winged caduceus, in oval punch, 5 x 10 mm. Howgego 390 (102 pcs). CM(2): Î” in shaped punch, 8 x 8 mm. Howgego 787 (61 pcs). Note: Countermark (2) is applied over countermark (1) and may have been applied in the 170s, although the application of countermarks probably went on for a long time. Collection Automan.Automan

Winged thunderboltSAMARIA. Neapolis. Domitian. Æ 26. A.D. 82/83 (year 11 of the era of Neapolis). Obv: (AYTOKÎ”OMI)-TIANOÎ£KAIÎ£AP(Î£EBAÎ£TOÎ£). Laureate bust right; countermark on neck. Rev: Î¦Î›AOVI-N(EAÎ OÎ›I-Î£AMAPE)-LAI in four lines. Legend within laurel-wreath. Ref: BMC 1-3. Axis: 180°. Weight: 17.14 g. CM: Winged thunderbolt, in rectangular punch, 3 x 6 mm. Howgego 475 (4 pcs). Note: The thunderbolt may refer to the cult of Zeus Hypsistos. Collection Automan.Automan

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