02. Greek Coinage by City
|
|
|
Thessaly, Thessalian leagueKoinon of Thessaly. AE17 mm, dichalkon. 172-171 BC. Magistrate Hippaitas. IΠΠAI-TAΣ above and beneath helmeted head of Athena right / ΘEΣ-ΣAΛΩN above and beneath horse trotting right. Rogers 44; BCD Thessaly 840.ecoli
|
|
Bruttium, Vibo Valentia (later Hipponium)Vibo Valentia (later Hipponium), Bruttium, AE19 Semis. Ca. 192-89 BC. Diademed head of Hera right, S behind head / VALENTIA to left of two cornucopiae, S and krater in right field. BMC 15; SNG Cop 1842.ecoli
|
|
Spain, CastuloIberia, Castulo. Late 2nd century B.C. Æ quadrans (17.8 mm, 3.20 g, 2 h). Rare variety. Diademed male head right; E before / Boar standing right; letter above. ACIP 2154; SNG BM Spain 1358. VF, sandy patina.ecoli
|
|
Perseus, MacedoniaMacedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. Æ unit (19.5 mm, 4.16 g, 1 h). Helmeted head of the hero Perseus right, harpa to right / Eagle standing left, head right, on thunderbolt; EP monogram to left, ΣH below. SNG Alpha Bank 1135. VF.ecoli
|
|
Sarmatia, Olbia.Sarmatia, Olbia. Late 5th-4th centuries B.C. Æ Cast 53 (53.1 mm, 33.41 g, 12 h). Wheel with four spokes / Smooth. SNG BM Black Sea 386. VF, pierced.ecoli
|
|
MYSIA, ParionMYSIA, Parion. Circa 4th century B.C. AR Hemidrachm (12mm, 2.31 gm). Facing gorgoneion, tounge protruding / Bull standing left, head turned back; PI and star below. SNG France 1367-72. VF, toned. Ex-CNG B69V9Becoli
|
|
CALABRIA, TarentumTaranto was founded in 706 BC by Dorian immigrants as the only Spartan colony, and its origin is peculiar: the founders were Partheniae, sons of unmarried Spartan women and perioeci (free men, but not citizens of Sparta); these unions were decreed by the Spartans to increase the number of soldiers (only the citizens of Sparta could become soldiers) during the bloody Messenian Wars, but later they were nullified, and the sons were forced to leave. According to the legend Phalanthus, the Parthenian leader, went to Delphi to consult the oracle and received the puzzling answer that he should found a city where rain fell from a clear sky. After all attempts to capture a suitable place to found a colony failed, he became despondent, convinced that the oracle had told him something that was impossible, and was consoled by his wife. She laid his head in her lap and herself became disconsolate. When Phalanthus felt her tears splash onto his forehead he at last grasped the meaning of the oracle, for his wife's name meant clear sky. The harbour of Taranto in Apulia was nearby and he decided this must be the new home for the exiles. The Partheniae arrived and founded the city, naming it Taras after the son of the Greek sea god, Poseidon, and the local nymph Satyrion. A variation says Taras was founded in 707 BC by some Spartans, who, the sons of free women and enslaved fathers, were born during the Messenian War. According to other sources, Heracles founded the city. Another tradition indicates Taras himself as the founder of the city; the symbol of the Greek city (as well as of the modern city) is Taras riding a dolphin. Taranto increased its power, becoming a commercial power and a sovereign city of Magna Graecia, ruling over the Greek colonies in southern Italy.
In its beginning, Taranto was a monarchy, probably modelled on the one ruling over Sparta; according to Herodotus (iii 136), around 492 BC king Aristophilides ruled over the city. The expansion of Taranto was limited to the coast because of the resistance of the populations of inner Apulia. In 472 BC, Taranto signed an alliance with Rhegion, to counter the Messapii, Peuceti, and Lucanians (see Iapygian-Tarentine Wars), but the joint armies of the Tarentines and Rhegines were defeated near Kailìa (modern Ceglie), in what Herodotus claims to be the greatest slaughter of Greeks in his knowledge, with 3,000 Reggians and uncountable Tarentines killed. In 466 BC, Taranto was again defeated by the Iapyges; according to Aristotle, who praises its government, there were so many aristocrats killed that the democratic party was able to get the power, to remove the monarchy, inaugurate a democracy, and expel the Pythagoreans. Like Sparta, Tarentum was an aristocratic republic, but became democratic when the ancient nobility dwindled.
However, the rise of the democratic party did not weaken the bonds of Taranto and her mother-city Sparta. In fact, Taranto supported the Peloponnesian side against Athens in the Peloponnesian War, refused anchorage and water to Athens in 415 BC, and even sent ships to help the Peloponnesians, after the Athenian disaster in Sicily. On the other side, Athens supported the Messapians, in order to counter Taranto's power.
In 432 BC, after several years of war, Taranto signed a peace treaty with the Greek colony of Thurii; both cities contributed to the foundation of the colony of Heraclea, which rapidly fell under Taranto's control. In 367 BC Carthage and the Etruscans signed a pact to counter Taranto's power in southern Italy.
Under the rule of its greatest statesman, strategist and army commander-in-chief, the philosopher and mathematician Archytas, Taranto reached its peak power and wealth; it was the most important city of the Magna Graecia, the main commercial port of southern Italy, it produced and exported goods to and from motherland Greece and it had the biggest army and the largest fleet in southern Italy. However, with the death of Archytas in 347 BC, the city started a slow, but ineluctable decline; the first sign of the city's decreased power was its inability to field an army, since the Tarentines preferred to use their large wealth to hire mercenaries, rather than leave their lucrative trades.
In 343 BC Taranto appealed for aid against the barbarians to its mother city Sparta, in the face of aggression by the Brutian League. In 342 BC, Archidamus III, king of Sparta, arrived in Italy with an army and a fleet to fight the Lucanians and their allies. In 338 BC, during the Battle of Manduria, the Spartan and Tarentine armies were defeated in front of the walls of Manduria (nowadays in province of Taranto), and Archidamus was killed.
In 333 BC, still troubled by their Italic neighbours, the Tarentines called the Epirotic king Alexander Molossus to fight the Bruttii, Samnites, and Lucanians, but he was later (331 BC) defeated and killed in the battle of Pandosia (near Cosenza). In 320 BC, a peace treaty was signed between Taranto and the Samnites. In 304 BC, Taranto was attacked by the Lucanians and asked for the help of Agathocles tyrant of Syracuse, king of Sicily. Agathocles arrived in southern Italy and took control of Bruttium (present-day Calabria), but was later called back to Syracuse. In 303 BC-302 BC Cleonymus of Sparta established an alliance with Taranto against the Lucanians, and fought against them.
Arnold J. Toynbee, a classical scholar who taught at Oxford and other prestigious English universities and who did original and definitive work on Sparta (e.g. The Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol. xxxiii 1913 p. 246-275) seemed to have some doubts about Tarentum (Taranto) being of Spartan origin.
In his book The Study of History vol. iii p. 52 he wrote: "...Tarentum, which claimed a Spartan origin; but, even if this claim was in accordance with historical fact..." The tentative phrasing seems to imply that the evidence is neither conclusive or even establishes a high degree of probability of the truth that Tarentum (Taranto) was a Spartan colony.
CALABRIA, Tarentum. Circa 302-281 BC. AR Drachm (17mm, 2.91 gm). Helmeted head of Athena right, helmet decorated with Skylla hurling a stone / Owl standing right head facing, on olive branch; Vlasto 1058; SNG ANS 1312; HN Italy 1015. VF.
Ex-Cng eAuction 103 Lot 2 190/150ecoli
|
|
LUCANIA, ThourioiGR7
Thurii was one of the latest of all the Greek colonies in this part of Italy, not having been founded until nearly 70 years after the fall of Sybaris. The site of that city had remained desolate for a period of 58 years after its destruction by the Crotoniats; when at length, in 452 BC, a number of the Sybarite exiles and their descendants made an attempt to establish themselves again on the spot, under the guidance of some leaders of Thessalian origin; and the new colony rose so rapidly to prosperity that it excited the jealousy of the Crotoniats, who, in consequence, expelled the new settlers a little more than 5 years after the establishment of the colony. The fugitive Sybarites first appealed for support to Sparta, but without success: their application to the Athenians was more successful, and that people determined to send out a fresh colony, at the same time that they reinstated the settlers who had been lately expelled from thence. A body of Athenian colonists was accordingly sent out by Pericles, under the command of Lampon and Xenocritus; but the number of Athenian citizens was small, the greater part of those who took part in the colony being collected from various parts of Greece. Among them were two celebrated names – Herodotus the historian, and the orator Lysias, both of whom appear to have formed part of the original colony. The laws of the new colony were established by the sophist Protagoras at the request of Pericles
LUCANIA, Thourioi. Circa 400-350 BC. AR Triobol (11mm, 1.18 gm). Helmeted head of Athena right, helmeted decorated with Skylla / Bull butting left; fish in exergue. SNG ANS 1138-47; HN Italy 1806. VF. Ex-CNG BB0VFAecoli
|
|
LUCANIA, VeliaLUCANIA, Velia. Circa 365-340 BC. AR Nomos (23mm, 7.57 gm). Head of Athena left, wearing Attic helmet decorated with a griffin; O behind neck / Lion walking right; above. Williams 263 II (O151'/R203); SNG ANS 1296-7 (same dies); HN Italy 1284. VF, struck with deteriorating dies. Ex-Cng B10DV15Eecoli
|
|
THESSALY, PharsalosTHESSALY, Pharsalos. Circa 400-344 BC. AR Drachm (20mm, 5.53 gm). Helmeted head of Athena right / Warrior on horseback right, holding mace over shoulder. SNG Copenhagen 220-1; BMC Thessaly pg. 43, 6. Fine. Ex-Cng B5AV6Eecoli
|
|
CARTHAGECARTHAGE. Circa 400-350 BC. Æ 16mm (2.59 gm). Wreathed head of Tanit left, wearing pendant necklace / Horse standing right, palm behind; pellet above, trefoil of pellets before. Alexandropoulos 18f; SNG Copenhagen 119; Müller 167. Nice VF, green patina. Ex-CNG(77) B54V64ecoli
|
|
AKARNANIA, LeukasAKARNANIA, Leukas. Circa 345-307 BC. AR Stater (20mm, 7.66 gm). Pegasos flying right; L below / Helmeted head of Athena left; small L and hippocamp behind. Pegasi II pg. 424, 118; SNG Copenhagen -. VF
Ex-CNG eAuction 104, Lot: 47 150/200 ecoli
|
|
AKARNANIA, Anaktorion.AKARNANIA, Anaktorion
Founding:
Kypselos & Gorgos, 7th century BC
The Corinthians sent by Cypselus and Gorgus took possession of this shore and also advanced as far as the Ambracian Gulf; and both Ambracia and Anactorium were colonized at this time. (Strabo 10,2,8)
AKARNANIA, Anaktorion. Circa 350-300 BC. AR Stater (20mm, 7.89 gm). Pegasos flying left; AN monogram below / Helmeted head of Athena left; NA[Y] to left, AN monogram and ring with pendants behind. Pegasi II pg. 504, 73. Near VF.
Ex-CNG eAuction 105, Lot: 33 116/150ecoli
|
|
BOEOTIA, ThebesIn the late 6th century BC the Thebans were brought for the first time into hostile contact with the Athenians, who helped the small village of Plataea to maintain its independence against them, and in 506 repelled an inroad into Attica. The aversion to Athens best serves to explain the unpatriotic attitude which Thebes displayed during the Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC). Though a contingent of 700 was sent to Thermopylae and remained there with Leonidas until just before the last stand when they surrendered to the Persians[1], the governing aristocracy soon after joined King Xerxes I of Persia with great readiness and fought zealously on his behalf at the battle of Plataea in 479 BC. The victorious Greeks subsequently punished Thebes by depriving it of the presidency of the Boeotian League, and an attempt by the Spartans to expel it from the Delphic amphictyony was only frustrated by the intercession of Athens.
In 457 Sparta, needing a counterpoise against Athens in central Greece, reversed her policy and reinstated Thebes as the dominant power in Boeotia. The great citadel of Cadmea served this purpose well by holding out as a base of resistance when the Athenians overran and occupied the rest of the country (457–447). In the Peloponnesian War the Thebans, embittered by the support which Athens gave to the smaller Boeotian towns, and especially to Plataea, which they vainly attempted to reduce in 431, were firm allies of Sparta, which in turn helped them to besiege Plataea and allowed them to destroy the town after its capture in 427 BC. In 424 at the head of the Boeotian levy they inflicted a severe defeat upon an invading force of Athenians at the Battle of Delium, and for the first time displayed the effects of that firm military organization which eventually raised them to predominant power in Greece.
After the downfall of Athens at the end of the Peloponnesian War the Thebans, finding that Sparta intended to protect the states which they desired to annex, broke off the alliance. In 404 they had urged the complete destruction of Athens, yet in 403 they secretly supported the restoration of its democracy in order to find in it a counterpoise against Sparta. A few years later, influenced perhaps in part by Persian gold, they formed the nucleus of the league against Sparta. At the battles of Haliartus (395) and Coronea (394) they again proved their rising military capacity by standing their ground against the Spartans. The result of the war was especially disastrous to Thebes, as the general settlement of 387 stipulated the complete autonomy of all Greek towns and so withdrew the other Boeotians from its political control. Its power was further curtailed in 382, when a Spartan force occupied the citadel by a treacherous coup-de-main. Three years later the Spartan garrison was expelled, and a democratic constitution definitely set up in place of the traditional oligarchy. In the consequent wars with Sparta the Theban army, trained and led by Epaminondas and Pelopidas, proved itself the best in Greece. Some years of desultory fighting, in which Thebes established its control over all Boeotia, culminated in 371 in a remarkable victory over the pick of the Spartans at Leuctra. The winners were hailed throughout Greece as champions of the oppressed. They carried their arms into Peloponnesus and at the head of a large coalition permanently crippled the power of Sparta. Similar expeditions were sent to Thessaly and Macedon to regulate the affairs of those regions.
However the predominance of Thebes was short-lived; the states which she protected refused to subject themselves permanently to her control, and the renewed rivalry of Athens, which had joined with Thebes in 395 in a common fear of Sparta, but since 387 had endeavoured to maintain the balance of power against her ally, prevented the formation of a Theban empire. With the death of Epaminondas at Mantinea in 362 the city sank again to the position of a secondary power. In a war with the neighbouring state of Phocis (356–346) it could not even maintain its predominance in central Greece, and by inviting Philip II of Macedon to crush the Phocians it extended that monarch's power within dangerous proximity to its frontiers. A revulsion of feeling was completed in 338 by the orator Demosthenes, who persuaded Thebes to join Athens in a final attempt to bar Philip's advance upon Attica. The Theban contingent lost the decisive battle of Chaeronea and along with it every hope of reassuming control over Greece. Philip was content to deprive Thebes of her dominion over Boeotia; but an unsuccessful revolt in 335 against his son Alexander was punished by Macedon and other Greek states by the severe sacking of the city, except, according to tradition, the house of the poet Pindar.
BOEOTIA, Thebes. Circa 395-338 BC. AR Stater (21mm, 11.98 gm). Boeotian shield / Amphora; magistrate AM-FI. Hepworth, "The 4th Century BC Magistrate Coinage of the Boiotian Confederacy," in Nomismatika Xronika (1998), 2; BMC Central Greece -. Fine.
Ex-Cng eAuction 105, Lot: 34 225/200
ecoli
|
|
SICILY, AkragasSICILY, Akragas. Before 406 BC. Æ Tetras (20mm, 9.16 gm). Eagle right, clutching dead hare in its talons / Crab; three pellets and crayfish left below. Calciati I pg. 180, 54; SNG ANS 1034ff.. Near VF/VF, dark green patina, old gouge in obverse patina. From the Tony Hardy Collection. Ex-CNG B8FVAFecoli
|
|
SICILY, SyracuseSICILY, Syracuse. Circa 425-415 BC. Æ Onkia (11mm, 0.80 gm). Female head right / Octopus. Calciati I pg. 29, 9; SNG ANS 383; SNG Morcom 679. VF, dark brown patina. EX-CNG B58V78ecoli
|
|
CARTHAGECARTHAGE. Circa 370-340 BC. Æ 13mm (1.37 gm). Sicilian mint. Wreathed male head left / Horse prancing right. Calciati III pg. 377, 4; SNG Copenhagen 98. VF, dark brown, green and red patina, some roughness. Scarce. EX-CNG B33V4B
ecoli
|
|
Pamphylia, PergePamphylia, Perge 50-30 BC, AE17, 3.08g: Obv: Cult statue of Artemis Pergaia facing within a distyle temple Rev: Bow and quiver "PERGAIA" to right. SNG France 373.ecoli
|
|
Mithradates IIParthian Kingdom, Mithradates II 123-88 BC, Drachm, 4.16g: Obv: Diademed bust of Mithradates left Rev: Archer seated right, legend around. Sellwood 27.1. Rhagae mintecoli
|
|
Cilicia, Tarsos. MazaiosCilicia, Tarsos. Mazaios. Satrap of Cilicia, 361/0-334 B.C. AR stater (24.30 mm, 10.76 g, 7 h). Baaltars seated left, holding eagle, grain ear, grape bunch and scepter / Lion attacking bull to left. SNG France 340; SNG Levante 102. gVF, a few scratches.ecoli
|
|
|
PAMPHYLIA, AspendosPAMPHYLIA, Aspendos. Circa 380-325 BC.
Greek ASPENDOS, modern BELKIS, ancient city of Pamphylia, now in southwestern Turkey. It is noted for its Roman ruins. A wide range of coinage from the 5th century BC onward attests to the city's wealth. Aspendus was occupied by Alexander the Great in 333 BC and later passed from Pergamene to Roman rule in 133 BC. According to Cicero, it was plundered of many of its artistic treasures by the provincial governor Verres. The hilltop ruins of the city include a basilica, an agora, and some rock-cut tombs of Phrygian design. A huge theatre, one of the finest in the world, is carved out of the northeast flank of the hill. It was designed by the Roman architect Zeno in honour of the emperor Marcus Aurelius (reigned AD 161-180)
The present-day Belkiz was once situated on the banks of the River Eurymedon, now known as the Kopru Cay. In ancient times it was navigable; in fact, according to Strabo, the Persians anchored their ships there in 468 B.C., before the epic battle against the Delian Confederation.
It is commonly believed that Aspendos was founded by colonists from Argos. One thing is certain: right from the beginning of the 5th century, Aspendos and Side were the only two towns to mint coins. An important river trading port, it was occupied by Alexander the Great in 333 B.C. because it refused to pay tribute to the Macedonian king. It became an ally of Rome after the Battle of Sipylum in 190 B.C. and entered the Roman Empire.
The town is built against two hills: on the "great hill" or Buyuk Tepe stood the acropolis, with the agora, basilica, nymphaeum and bouleuterion or "council chamber". Of all these buildings, which were the very hub of the town, only ruins remain. About one kilometer north of the town, one can still see the remains of the Roman aqueduct that supplied Aspendos with water, transporting it from a distance of over twenty kilometers, and which still maintains its original height.
Aspendos' theatre is the best preserved Roman theatre anywhere in Turkey. It was designed during the 2nd century A.D. by the architect Zeno, son of Theodore and originally from Aspendos. Its two benefactors— the brothers Curtius Crispinus and Curtius Auspicatus —dedicated it to the Imperial family as can be seen from certain engravings on the stones. Discovered in 1871 by Count Landskonski during one of his trips to the region, the theatre is in excellent condition thanks to the top quality of the calcareous stone and to the fact that the Seljuks turned it into a palace, reinforcing the entire north wing with bricks. Its thirty-nine tiers of steps—96 meters long—could seat about twenty thousand spectators. At the top, the elegant gallery and covered arcade sheltered spectators. One is immediately struck by the integrity and architectural distinction of the stage building, consisting of a Irons scacnae which opens with five doors onto the proscenium and scanned by two orders of windows which also project onto the outside wall. There is an amusing anecdote about the construction of this theatre—in which numerous plays are still held, given its formidable acoustics — and the aqueduct just outside the town: in ancient times, the King of Aspendos had a daughter of rare beauty named Semiramis, contended by two architects; the king decided to marry her off to the one who built an important public work in the shortest space of time. The two suitors thus got down to work and completed two public works at the same time: the theatre and the aquaduct. As the sovereign liked both buildings, he thought it right and just to divide his daughter in half. Whereas the designer of the aquaduct accepted the Solomonic division, the other preferred to grant the princess wholly to her rival. In this way, the sovereign understood that the designer of the theatre had not only built a magnificent theatre— which was the pride of the town—, but would also be an excellent husband to his daughter; consequently he granted him her hand in marriage
AR Stater (21mm, 10.76 g). Two wrestlers grappling; DA between / Slinger to right; triskeles in field. Tekin Series D; SNG France 87 (same reverse die). Ex-CNG B9FV15Eecoli
|
|
ATTICA, AthensATTICA, Athens. Circa 168/5-50 BC. AR New Style Tetradrachm (30mm, 16.74 gm). Struck circa 136/5 BC. Helmeted head of Athena right / A-QE, owl standing right on amphora; magistrates MI-KI and QEO-FRA; Nike in quadriga right in right field, M on amphora, SW below amphora; all within wreath. Cf. Thompson 315-323 (unlisted dies). EF, lightly toned. Ex -CNG STORE 895ecoli
|
|
Thrace, MesembriaThrace, Mesembria.
Originally a Thracian settlement, known as Menebria, the town became a Greek colony when settled by Dorians from Megara at the beginning of the 6th century BC, and was an important trading centre from then on and a rival of Apollonia (Sozopol). It remained the only Dorian colony along the Black Sea coast, as the rest were typical Ionian colonies. At 425-424 BC the town joined the Delian League, under the leadership of Athens. Remains from the Hellenistic period include the acropolis, a temple of Apollo, and an agora. A wall which formed part of the fortifications can still be seen on the north side of the peninsula. Bronze and silver coins were minted in the city since the 5th century BC and gold coins since the 3rd century BC. The town fell under Roman rule in 71 BC, yet continued to enjoy privileges such as the right to mint its own coinage.
GR4 Circa Fourth Century BC. AR Diobol (1.18 gm) 11.25 mm. Crested helmet / Radiate wheel of four spokes; M-E-T-A within. SNG BM Black Sea 268. Very fine. ecoli
|
|
Ionia, MiletosIonia, Miletos, late 6th-early 4th century BC, AR 1/12th Stater (1.16 gm.). Obv.: Head lion left. Rev.: Star. SNG Helsinki II , 267. Attractive very fine. g23ecoli
|
|
SICILY, SegestaSICILY, Segesta. Circa 390-380 BC. Æ Head of Aigiste right / Hound leaping right. Bérend, Monnayage, Group E, 49bis; CNS 48; cf. HGC 2, 1200. Very rare.ecoli
|
|
CARIA. Rhodos, RhodesISLANDS off CARIA. Rhodos, Rhodes. Circa 125-88 BC. AR Hemidrachm (14mm, 1.25 gm). Magistrate Melantas. Radiate head of Helios facing slightly right / P-O, rose; MELANTAS above, grape bunch to right; all within incuse square. Jenkins, Rhodian, Group D, Series 98; cf. SNG Helsinki 668; SNG Copenhagen -. Near EF. Ex-CNG(295) B127V127ecoli
|
|
Kroisos, LydiaLydian Kingdom. Kroisos. Ca. 564/53-550/39 B.C. AR 1/12 stater (7 mm, 0.80 g). Sardes mint. Confronted foreparts of lion, on left, and bull, in right / Incuse square punch. Berk 26-7; SNG Kayhan 1020-1; Traité I 413. VF, toned.ecoli
|
|
Caria, MylasaCaria, Mylasa. 450-400 B.C. AR obol (7.5 mm, 0.49 g, 6 h). Facing forepart of lion / Scorpion, tail to right; within incuse square. SNG Kayhan 934-938; SNG von Aulock 7803. Fine.ecoli
|
|
Troas, AbydosTroas, Abydos. AE 11 (11.1 mm, 1.38 g, 3 h). Laureate head of Apollo right, ABY, eagle standing right. SNG Copenhagen 33; SNG von Aulock 1445. VF.ecoli
|
|
Aiolis, AigaiAiolis, Aigai. 3rd century B.C. AE 18 (18.3 mm, 4.01 g, 10 h). Head of Apollo right / AIΓAEΩN, Goat standing right. SNG Cop 10; SNG von Aulock 1596. aVF. Scarce.ecoli
|
|
LUCANIA, MetapontionLUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 470-440 BC. AR Nomos (19mm, 7.33 g, 12h). Barley ear; to left, ram’s head upward; cable border / Incuse barley ear. Noe 220 (same dies); HN Italy 1485. Fine, a bit porous and rough.
From the Colin E. Pitchfork Collection. Ex Malter 76 (15 April 2000), lot 17.
Ex-CNG
ecoli
|
|
LUCANIA, MetapontionLUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 300-250 BC. Æ 12mm (1.71 g). Radiate head of Helios facing / Three barley grains radiating from center; race-torch between two grains. Johnston Bronze 53; HN Italy 1689. Near VF, brown patina.
Ex-CNG(62)
ecoli
|
|
Thessaly, Larissa.Thessaly, Larissa. 365-356 B.C. AR drachm (19.03 mm, 5.69 g, 2 h). Rider wearing Kausia on fast horse galloping right / ΛAPIΣAIΩN, bull charging right. BCD 186; BMC 54; Herr. pl. 4, 17; SNG Copenhagen 118; Lorber 101. Fine, some prosity. Very Rare.
Ex John Haer Collection; Ex Triton XV; Ex BCD Collection.ecoli
|
|
Syracuse, SICILYSICILY, Syracuse. Hieron II. 275-215 BC. Æ (17mm, 4.19 g, 12h). Struck circa 275-269 BC. Wreathed head of Kore left / Bull butting left; club and AP monogram above, IE in exergue. BAR Issue 59; CNS 192; SNG ANS 600 (Agathokles); HGC 2, 1497.ecoli
|
|
IONIA, PhokaiaIONIA, Phokaia. Circa 521-478 BC. AR Hemihekte (9mm, 1.32 g). Head of nymph left, hair in plain sakkos / Quadripartite incuse square. SNG von Aulock 1815; SNG Copenhagen (Cyprus, etc.) 389–93. Good VF, toned. Fine archaic style.
Ex CNG eAuction 311, Lot 737 85/100
ecoli
|
|
Achaemenid Kingdom. Artaxerxes I to Artaxerxes IIAchaemenid Kingdom. Artaxerxes I to Artaxerxes II. Ca. 450-375 B.C. AR siglos (15.69 mm, 4.84 g). Persian king or hero in kneeling-running stance right, holding spear and bow / Rectangular incuse punch. Carradice Type IIIb; SNG Kayhan 1029. Fine, rough.ecoli
|
|
LESBOS, MytileneLESBOS, Mytilene. Circa 377-326 BC. EL Hekte – Sixth Stater (10mm, 2.44 g, 9h). Head of Athena right, wearing crested Attic helmet / Owl standing right, head facing, within linear square. Bodenstedt 105; SNG von Aulock 1706; HGC 6, 1031. Near VF. Scarce.
Ex-CNG eAuction 312 lot 109 320/300ecoli
|
|
CAMPANIA, NeapolisCAMPANIA, Neapolis. Circa 300-275 BC. AR Nomos (18mm, 7.06 g, 5h). Head of nymph right; X behind / Man-headed bull walking right; above, Nike flying right, placing wreath on bull's head; EYΞ below. Sambon 477; HN Italy 579; SNG ANS 370. Fine, toned,ecoli
|
|
PONTOS, AmisosPONTOS, Amisos. Circa 300-125 BC. AR Siglos – Drachm (14mm, 3.95 g, 12h). Chian standard. Uncertain magistrate. Head of Hera left, wearing ornate polos / Eagle with spread wings standing facing on shield. Cf. SNG BMC 1099-1100; HGC 7, 232. Fine, toned, porous. ecoli
|
|
TROAS, KebrenThe earliest Greek archaeological remains found at Cebren date to the mid-7th and early 6th century BCE and were found together with indigenous pottery, suggesting that to begin with the city was a mixed Greco-Anatolian community. Writing in the early 4th century BCE, Xenophon implies that the population of Cebren ca. 400 BCE still consisted of both Greek and Anatolian elements, indicating that the two ethnic groups co-existed long after the period of Greek colonization. Sources dating to the mid-4th century BCE considered the city an Aeolian Greek foundation, and the historian Ephorus of Cyme claimed that its founders were in fact from his own city, although this statement needs to be treated with some caution, since Ephorus was notorious in antiquity for exaggerating his hometown's importance. While we cannot ascertain the truth of Ephorus' statement, we can be sure that the early settlers were Aeolians, since a grave inscription for a citizen of Kebren written in the Aeolic dialect has been found at nearby Gergis.
In the 5th century BCE Cebren was a member of the Delian League and is listed in the Hellespontine district paying a tribute to Athens of 3 Talents from 454/3 down to 425/4, except in 450/49 when it only paid 8,700 drachmas. Following the defeat of Athens at the end of the Peloponnesian War in 404 BCE, Cebren came under the control of Zenis, the tyrant of Dardania, and his wife Mania who together controlled the Troad on behalf of the Persian satrap Pharnabazos. Cebren was captured by the Spartan commander Dercylidas in 399 BCE, but soon after returned to Persian control. In 360/59, the Greek mercenary commander Charidemus briefly captured the city before being repelled by the Persian satrap Artabazos. At some point in the 4th century BCE Cebren produced coinage depicting a satrap's head as the obverse type, indicating the city's close relationship with its Persian overlords. Cebren ceased to exist as an independent city ca. 310 when Antigonus I Monophthalmus founded Antigonia Troas (after 301 BCE renamed Alexandria Troas) and included Cebren in the synoecism.
TROAS, Kebren. Circa 387-310 BC. AR Obol (6mm, 0.43 g, 6h). Ram’s head right / Youthful male head right. SNG Ashmolean –; SNG Copenhagen –; SNG von Aulock 7621; Klein 313. VF, toned. Good metal. ecoli
|
|
IONIA, Phokaia.The ancient Greek geographer Pausanias says that Phocaea was founded by Phocians under Athenian leadership, on land given to them by the Aeolian Cymaeans, and that they were admitted into the Ionian League after accepting as kings the line of Codrus. Pottery remains indicate Aeolian presence as late as the 9th century BC, and Ionian presence as early as the end of the 9th century BC. From this an approximate date of settlement for Phocaea can be inferred.
According to Herodotus the Phocaeans were the first Greeks to make long sea-voyages, having discovered the coasts of the Adriatic, Tyrrhenia and Spain. Herodotus relates that they so impressed Arganthonios, king of Tartessus in Spain, that he invited them to settle there, and, when they declined, gave them a great sum of money to build a wall around their city.
Their sea travel was extensive. To the south they probably conducted trade with the Greek colony of Naucratis in Egypt, which was the colony of their fellow Ionian city Miletus. To the north, they probably helped settle Amisos (Samsun) on the Black Sea, and Lampsacus at the north end of the Hellespont (now the Dardanelles). However Phocaea's major colonies were to the west. These included Alalia in Corsica, Emporiae and Rhoda in Spain, and especially Massalia (Marseille) in France.
Phocaea remained independent until the reign of the Lydian king Croesus (circa 560–545 BC), when they, along with the rest of mainland Ionia, first, fell under Lydian control[8] and then, along with Lydia (who had allied itself with Sparta) were conquered by Cyrus the Great of Persia in 546 BC, in one of the opening skirmishes of the great Greco-Persian conflict.
Rather than submit to Persian rule, the Phocaeans abandoned their city. Some may have fled to Chios, others to their colonies on Corsica and elsewhere in the Mediterranean, with some eventually returning to Phocaea. Many however became the founders of Elea, around 540 BC.
In 500 BC, Phocaea joined the Ionian Revolt against Persia. Indicative of its naval prowess, Dionysius, a Phocaean was chosen to command the Ionian fleet at the decisive Battle of Lade, in 494 BC. However, indicative of its declining fortunes, Phocaea was only able to contribute three ships, out of a total of "three hundred and fifty three". The Ionian fleet was defeated and the revolt ended shortly thereafter.
After the defeat of Xerxes I by the Greeks in 480 BC and the subsequent rise of Athenian power, Phocaea joined the Delian League, paying tribute to Athens of two talents. In 412 BC, during the Peloponnesian War, with the help of Sparta, Phocaea rebelled along with the rest of Ionia. The Peace of Antalcidas, which ended the Corinthian War, returned nominal control to Persia in 387 BC.
In 343 BC, the Phocaeans unsuccessfully laid siege to Kydonia on the island of Crete.
During the Hellenistic period it fell under Seleucid, then Attalid rule. In the Roman period, the town was a manufacturing center for ceramic vessels, including the late Roman Phocaean red slip.
It was later under the control of Benedetto Zaccaria, the Genoan ambassador to Byzantium, who received the town as a hereditary lordship; Zaccaria and his descendants amassed a considerable fortune from his properties there, especially the rich alum mines. It remained a Genoese colony until it was taken by the Turks in 1455. It is a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
IONIA, Phokaia. Circa 521-478 BC. AR Hemidrachm (9mm, 1.54 g). Head of griffin left / Quadripartite incuse square. SNG Copenhagen –; SNG von Aulock 2116; SNG Kayhan 512-6. VF, dark toning. ecoli
|
|
MACEDON, AkanthosMACEDON, Akanthos. Circa 470-390 BC. AR Tetrobol (15mm, 2.42 g). Forepart of bull left, head reverted; A above / Quadripartite incuse square with granulated recesses. SNG ANS 47-8. VF. ecoli
|
|
|
THESSALY, PharsalosTHESSALY, Pharsalos. Mid 5th century BC. AR Obol (9mm, 0.86 g, 12h). Helmeted head of Athena right / Φ AP downward from upper right, head of horse right; all within incuse square with rounded corners. Lavva 4 (V3/R3); BCD Thessaly II 627 (same dies). VF, toned.
From the BCD Collection.
ecoli
|
|
PHOKIS, Federal CoinagePHOKIS, Federal Coinage. Circa 485-480 BC. AR Obol (9mm, 0.92 g, 5h). Facing boukranion / Forepart of boar right. Williams 28 var. (O–/R19 [unlisted obv. die]); BCD Lokris 192. VF, toned, granular surface, die break on reverse. ecoli
|
|
MYSIA, KyzikosMYSIA, Kyzikos. Circa 450-400 BC. AR Hemiobol (8mm, 0.23 g, 11h). Forepart of boar left, [retrograde K on shoulder]; to right, tunny upward / Head of lion left; to upper left, head of panther(?) facing; all within incuse square. Von Fritze II 13; SNG Ashmolean 540; SNG France 386; SNG von Aulock 1215. Good VF, find patina, struck with worn obverse die.ecoli
|
|
AKARNANIA, LeukasAKARNANIA, Leukas. Circa 440-400 BC. AR Diobol (10mm, 0.96 g, 6h). Pegasos flying left / Pegasos standing left. Cf. BCD Akarnania 182-3 and 184.3; cf. BCD Corinth 44-6; SNG Copenhagen -. Fine, some porosity. Very rare.ecoli
|
|
Thessaly, PharsalosTHESSALY, Pharsalos. Late 5th-mid 4th century BC. Æ Chalkous. Helmeted head of Athena left, Skylla on bowl / Φ-Α-P-Σ (partially retrograde), Thessalian cavalryman on horse rearing right. Lavva –; Rogers –; BCD Thessaly II 667.4; HGC 4, 660.ecoli
|
|
PHOKIS, Federal Coinage PHOKIS, Federal Coinage. Circa 445-420 BC. AR Triobol (13mm, 2.60 g, 2h). Facing bucranium / Head of Artemis right within incuse square. Williams - (O-/R151); BCD Lokris 260.1 (same dies). VF, light porosity.ecoli
|
|
Ptolemaic Kingdom. Ptolemy III Euergetes.Ptolemaic Kingdom. Ptolemy III Euergetes. 246-222 B.C. Æ drachm (43 mm, 60.36 g, 11 h). Alexandria. Head of Zeus Ammon right wearing taenia and Osiris cap / Eagle standing left on thunderbolt; to left, cornucopia; between legs, XP monogram. Svoronos 964; SNG Copenhagen 171-2. VF, multihued rough brown, black and green patina. ecoli
|
|
|
|
Sicily, Halykiai SICILY, Halykiai. Circa 390-370 BC. Æ Man-headed bull standing left / Boar standing left. Lazzarini, Monetazione, Series III.1; CNS 44–5 (Himera?); HGC 2, 493 (Himeraia?) . Fineecoli
|
|
Sicily, SegestaSICILY, Segesta. Roman protectorate. Circa 210-mid 1st century BC. Æ Head of female right, wearing stephanos / Warrior standing facing, head left, holding rein of horse standing left in background. BAR Issue 4; CNS 53/1–2; HGC 2, 1203.ecoli
|
|
Thrace, Cherronesos.Thrace, Cherronesos. Ca. 400-350 B.C. AR tetrobol (13 mm, 2.40 g). Forepart of a lion right, looking back / Quadripartite incuse; monogram and letter in two quadrants. McClean 4122. EF. Ex-John C Lavender G50
ecoli
|
|
|
Macedonia, AmphipolisAmphipolis was an ancient city of Macedonia, on the east bank of the river Strymon, where it emerges from Lake Cercinitis, about 3 m. from the sea.
Originally a Thracian town, known as Ennea Odoi ("Nine Roads"), it was colonized by Athenians with other Greeks under Hagnon in 437 BC, previous attempts--in 497, 476 (Schol. Aesch. De fals. leg. 31) and 465--having been unsuccessful.
In 424 BC it surrendered to the Spartan Brasidas without resistance, owing to the gross negligence of the historian Thucydides, who was with the fleet at Thasos. In 422 BC Cleon led an unsuccessful expedition to recover it, in which both he and Brasidas were slain (see Battle of Amphipolis).
The importance of Amphipolis in ancient times was due to the fact that it commanded the bridge over the Strymon, and consequently the route from northern Greece to the Hellespont; it was important also as a depot for the gold and silver mines of the district, and for timber, which was largely used in shipbuilding. This importance is shown by the fact that, in the peace of Nicias (421 BC), its restoration to Athens is made the subject of a special provision, and that about 417, this provision not having been observed, at least one expedition was made by Nicias with a view to its recovery.
Philip of Macedon made a special point of occupying it (357), and under the early empire it became the headquarters of the Roman propraetor, though it was recognized as independent. Many inscriptions, coins, etc., have been found here, and traces of the ancient fortifications and of a Roman aqueduct are visible.
Alexander III, 336-323 BC, Silver Tetradrachm, Price-113, struck 323-320BC at Amphipolis, 17.12 grams, 25.3 mm. Choice VF
Obv: Head of Herakles wearing lion skin headdress
Rev: Zeus enthroned with sceptre and eagle, parallel legs, Macedonian helmet in left field
Well centered and struck with a full EF reverse. Attractive lifetime issue of Alexander III 'The Great'. G5
ecoli
|
|
Apulia, ArpiAPULIA, Arpi. Circa 325-275 BC. Æ Laureate head of Zeus left / Horse rearing left; star above, monogram below. HN Italy 644; SNG ANS -.ecoli
|
|
Sicily, HalykiaiSICILY, Halykiai. Circa 390-370 BC. Æ Man-headed bull standing left / Boar standing left. Lazzarini, Monetazione, Series III.1; CNS 44–5 (Himera?); HGC 2, 493 (Himeraia?) . Fineecoli
|
|
Aitolian League Aitolian League Æ20. Circa 205-150 BC. Helmeted head of Athena right / Herakles to front holding club and lion’s skin. Tsangari, cf. 1446. 6.23,ecoli
|
|
AKARNANIA, Ambracia360-338 BC. 20mm. Helmeted head of Athena left, name of magistrate above / Pegasus flying left, A below. SG 1962v., VF. Very pleasing late classical style. Ex-Sayles V113ecoli
|
|
Mesembria, Thrace: AE 21 / AthenaMesembria, Thrace: AE 21 / Athena
2nd c. BC. Diademed head of female right / Athena Promachos standing left, hurling spear. SG 1676, VF with green patina. Nicely centered on a compact flan. Ex-Sayles g29ecoli
|
|
IONIA, TeosIONIA, Teos. Circa 450-425 BC. AR Hemitritemorion (6mm, 0.14 g). Forepart of griffin right / Quadripartite incuse square. Matzke Group Cb7-3, 103 (this coin); Balcer -; SNG Copenhagen -; MACW 77. Near VF, toned, some porosity. From the Daniel Koppersmith Collection. Ex Elsen FPL 206 (November-December 1999), no. 69P.
ecoli
|
|
IONIA, Phokaia
IONIA, Phokaia. Late 6th century BC. AR Tetartemorion (8mm, 0.12 g). Head of griffin left / Quadripartite incuse square. SNG von Aulock 7938 (head right); SNG Copenhagen Supp. 339 var. (same); Rosen 603 (same). VF, toned, porous. From the Daniel Koppersmith Collection. Ex Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 263 (31 August 2011), lot 106.ecoli
|
|
Ionia, Kolophon;IONIA, Kolophon. Circa 530/25-500 BC. AR Tetartemorion (5mm, 0.17 g). Archaic head of Apollo left / Incuse square punch. SNG Kayhan 343; SNG Copenhagen -. Near VF, toned and porous.ecoli
|
|
LesbosLesbos, c. 500 - 450 B.C.
Silver 1/10th stater, SGCV II 3488, Rosen 542, VF, 1.078g, 9.0mm, Lesbos mint, confronting boar heads, creating the illusion of a facing head of a panther; reverse incuse square punch; an unusual use of illusion on a coin. The two confronting boars' heads can also be viewed as the facing head of a panther.
Ex- FORVM
ecoli
|
|
LUCANIA, MetapontionLUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 400-340 BC. AR Nomos (7.76 g, 9h). Head of Demeter left / Barley ear of seven grains with leaf to right; ivy leaf above leaf. Noe 521; HN Italy 1545. Near VF, lightly toned, struck from worn obverse die, a few scratches. Rare, Noe records only 2 examples.
From the Colin E. Pitchfork Collection.
Ex-CNG(120)
ecoli
|
|
|
MYSIA, ParionMYSIA, Parion. 5th century BC. AR Drachm (12mm, 3.36 g). Facing gorgoneion with protruding tongue / Linear pattern within incuse square. SNG France 1347. VF, toned, light porosity.ecoli
|
|
DYNASTS of LYCIA. Uvug
DYNASTS of LYCIA. Uvug. Circa 470-440 BC. AR Tetrobol (15mm, 2.72 g, 1h). Forepart of winged man-headed bull right / Laureate male head right within dotted square border; all within incuse square. Falghera II 90-3; SNG von Aulock 4119; SNG Copenhagen Supp. 4301. VF, toned, some light porosity, struck from a worn obverse die.ecoli
|
|
Caria, MylasaCARIA, Mylasa(?). Circa 420-390 BC. AR Tetartemorion (5mm, 0.18 g, 9h). Forepart of lion left, head right / Bird standing right; pellet to upper left and lower right; all within incuse square. SNG Keckman 922–3; SNG Kayhan 944–6; SNG von Aulock 1818; SNG Copenhagen –; Klein 432 (Miletos; this coin). VF, toned, porosity, obverse poorly struck. From the Daniel Koppersmith Collection. Ex Elsen FPL 258 (October-December 2011), no. 62.ecoli
|
|
Thrace, ThasosISLANDS off THRACE, Thasos. Circa 412-404 BC. AR Hemiobol (7mm, 0.27 g). Head of a nymph left / Dolphin leaping left within incuse square. Le Rider, Thasiennes 13; SNG Copenhagen 1035; HGC 6, 341. VF, light porosity, deposit on reverse.ecoli
|
|
Apulia, Ausculum from Ausculum, where a battle was fought between the Roman Republic and King Pyrrhus; where afterwards the victor had famously said
to one who was congratulating him: "If we are victorious in one more battle with the Romans, we shall be utterly ruined."
Apulia, Ausculum, Æ 18mm. 3rd Century BC. Head of young Herakles left, in lion's skin, club behind neck / Nike standing right, holding wreath & palm. SNG ANS 648ecoli
|
|
Macedon, Akanthos
MACEDON, Akanthos. Circa 470-390 BC. AR Hemiobol (8mm, 0.39 g). Bull’s head right / Quadripartite incuse square. SNG ANS 51. Good Fine, slightly pitted.ecoli
|
|
Sicily, Syracuse.Sicily, Syracuse. Hiketas II. 287-278 B.C. Æ 22 mm (9.26 g, 4 h). Ca. 283-279 B.C. [ΔIOΣ EΛΛANIOY], laureate head of Zeus Hellanios left / [ΣYPAK]O[ΣI]ON, eagle, wings displayed, standing left on thunderbolt. CNS II p. 301, 157; SNG ANS 788.
Checkecoli
|
|
Cilicia, Seleukeia.Cilicia, Seleukeia. 2nd-1st centuries B.C. Æ 18 mm (3.86 g, 11 h). Laureate head of Apollo right; behind, monogram / [ΣEΛEVKEΩN] TΩN Î POΣ TΩI KAΛVKAΔN[OI], forepart of horse right; below, two monograms. Cf. SNG BN 917-28; cf. SNG Levante 690-8; cf. SNG Levante suppl. 181-3; cf. SNG von Aulock 5810-3 (all with diff. monograms).
Checkecoli
|
|
Caria, Kaunos CARIA, Kaunos. Circa 350-300 BC. Forepart of a bull right / Sphinx seated right. SNG Keckman 70.ecoli
|
|
SICILY, LeontiniSICILY, Leontini. Circa 476-466 BC. AR Litra (9mm, 0.55 g, 4h). Facing lion’s scalp / Barley grain. Boehringer, Münzgeschichte 19; SNG ANS 215; HGC 2, 687. VF, toned, minor roughness. From the Daniel Koppersmith Collection.ecoli
|
|
Thrace, ThasosISLANDS off THRACE, Thasos. Circa 500-480 BC. AR Hemiobol (7mm, 0.37 g). Two dolphins swimming in opposite directions / Quadripartite incuse square. Le Rider, Thasiennes, 9; HGC 6, 337. VF, darkly toned, some light porosity.ecoli
|
|
PHOENICIA, Marathos.PHOENICIA, Marathos. 199/8-169/8 BC. Æ. Dated Year 91 (169/8 BC). Laureate and draped bust of Ptolemy VI as Hermes right, kerykeion over shoulder / Marathos standing left, leaning on column and holding aphlaston; date to left. Duyrat, Ateliers 263; SNG Copenhagen 161 var. (date); BMC 23.ecoli
|
|
Megaris, MegaraMEGARIS, Megara. Circa 250-175 BC. Æ Chalkous Prow of galley left / Obelisk of Apollo; to left and right, dolphins swimming upward. BCD Peloponnesos 21.
Bridging Attica on the east and Corinthia on the west, Megaris comprised only a few towns, with Megara being its capital and only major city. Megaris’s location in the northern part of the Isthmus of Corinth put the region in the middle of any conflict between the two cities. Shortly before the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War, the Athenians sought revenge on the Megarians for their support of Corinth. As a result, Athens instituted the Megarian Decree, an embargo designed to economically strangle the Megarians; this decree was used as a pretext by some in Sparta for the Peloponnesian War. Siding with Sparta in the war, Megara lost its main port to the Athenian general Nikias, and, for a short time, a pro-Athenian goverment seized power in the city. While Megara remained prosperous following the war and founded colonies in Sicily and the Hellespont, little else is recorded. Megara periodically struck coinage from the 4th through 1st centuries BC.ecoli
|
|
Thrace MesembriaThrace Mesembria Æ21 / Helmet / Wheel
SNG Copenhagen 658
Date: 250-200 BC
Obverse: Helmet with cheek guard right
Reverse: METAM-BPIANΩN, Wheel with four spokes and hub, seen from angleecoli
|
|
IONIA, EphesosIONIA, Ephesos. 387-295 BC.
Female head left. /Greek letters on either side of bee. BMC 14, 55, 68-70; Sear 4409 .ecoli
|
|
IONIA, EPHESOS (Ephesus) IONIA, EPHESOS (Ephesus) AE 3rd century BC. Bee within laurel wreath Reverse, Stag grazing right,ecoli
|
|
Ionia, KolophonObverse: No Legend: Head of Apollo right, hair bound with taenia
Reverse: No Legend: Lyre.
Mint: KolophonMinted: 389-350bc
Ref: SNGvA-2008
ecoli
|
|
Sardes, LydiaSeleukid Kingdom, Antiochos III, 223 - 187 B.C., Sardes, Lydia
obverse laureate head of Apollo right, hair in corkscrew curls down neck;
reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOΥ, Apollo standing left, naked, examining arrow in right, resting left on tripod
Antiochus' victory at the Battle of Panium in 198 B.C. transferred control of Judaea from Ptolemaic Egypt to the Seleukid Kingdom. When Antiochos conquered Asia Minor, however, the Romans responded. Antiochos' losses were so great that the whole of his empire was shattered and he was forced to content himself with the region that he had held in the beginning, Syria.ecoli
|
|
Pergamene KingdomPergamene Kingdom, 282 - 133 B.C.
The regal bronze coinage of Pergamon is all inscribed in the name of the dynasty's founder, Philetairos. Attribution to specific reigns is not yet possible.
Bronze AE 15, cf. SGCV II 7228 (magistrate on obverse), aVF, Pergamon mint,282 - 133 B.C.;
obverse helmeted head of Athena right, magistrate's name below; reverse ΦIΛETAIΡOΥ, coiled snake right;ecoli
|
|
AIOLIS, NEONTEICHOSAIOLIS NEONTEICHOS.
Helmeted head of Athena
owl on NE monogram
SNG von Aulock 1669. SNG München 598. ecoli
|
|
Gambrion, MysiaGambrion, Mysia, c. 350 - 300 B.C.
obverse laureate head of Apollo right;
reverse Γ-A-M between rays of star
Bronze AE 10, SGCV II 3871, BMC 2,ecoli
|
|
Sarmatia OlbiaAttribution: Dittrich 96
Date: 69-96 AD
Obverse: Laureate head of Apollo right, caduceus counterstamp
Reverse: Sea Eagle standing right on back of Dolphin right
Checkecoli
|
|
|
|
|
