1. The Reign of Vespasian - Imperial Coins
|
|
|
RIC 0444 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.20g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAES VESPASIAN IMP P TR P COS II; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: FIDES PVBLICA; S C below; Hands clasped over caduceus and corn ears
RIC 444 (R). BMC 642. BNC 632.
Acquired from Gert Boersema, April 2019.
The clasped hands type had been introduced during Vespasian's great bronze issues of 71. It perhaps symbolises good faith in the corn supply (corn ears), trade (caduceus), and agricultural abundance. From the moment coins were issued in Titus Caesar's name in 72 he shared many of the reverses struck for his father, such as this clasped hands type. It must have contained a very important message for the regime since it was also produced in silver.
A fine early style portrait of the young prince with a dark greenish-grey patina.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0448 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 9.94g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAES VESPASIAN IMP P TR P COS II; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PROVIDENT in exergue; S C in field; Altar
RIC 448 (R). BMC 692A. BNC 634.
Acquired from Incitatus Coins, November 2020.
Originally, Tiberius struck the Provident altar type for Divus Augustus. The altar depicted is dedicated to Providentia, the personification of the emperor's divine providence. Although the type is commonly described as an altar, Marvin Tameanko has convincingly argued it is actually a sacellum, or small shrine. Vespasian began striking it early in his reign both at Rome and Lyon, confining the type to the as issues. Nathan T. Elkins in his Monuments in Miniature wrote the following concerning the type - 'Asses with an altar enclosure labeled PROVIDENT, combine with obverses of Vespasian or his sons, are the emperor's most common architectural type and were produced from c. 71 to 78. The Ara Providentiae, which had appeared before on coins of Tiberius, Galba, and Vitellius, celebrated the emperor's foresight in the designation of his successors. The combination of the reverse type with obverses of one of the two Caesars further underscored the dynastic message.' This rare PROVIDENT from 72 is the first instance of the type struck for Titus Caesar.
Oddly, the coin has a 12 o'clock die axis, unusual for Rome at this time.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0449 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.92g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAES VESPASIAN IMP P TR P COS II; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: S C in field; Aquila between two standards
RIC 449 (R). BMC 644. BNC 635.
Acquired from Praefectus Coins, April 2019. Ex Savoca Silver 30, 27 January 2019, lot 337.
The aquila between two standards type was struck early in Vespasian's reign to honour the loyalty of the legions, seen here on the reverse of this rare Titus as Caesar As. The aquila, which featured an eagle clutching a thunderbolt, was the most important standard of any legion. With the recent successful completion of the Civil War and Jewish rebellion Vespasian and Titus knew which side their bread was buttered on! The type was later revived under Titus and Domitian for their cistophori.
Solid portrait with a fetching dark patina.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0453 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.52g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAES VESPASIAN IMP P TR P COS II; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVSTI; S C in field; Victory adv. r. to place wreath on standard and holding palm
RIC 453 (R). BMC 645. BNC 636.
Ex Heritage, Auction #232326, 5 July 2023, lot 65138. Formerly in NGC holder #2119689-009, grade F.
A fairly rare Titus Caesar as from 72 featuring Victory with standard on the reverse. One could plausibly argue this is a 'Judaea Capta' type. I decline to categorise it as such based on the generic nature of the design and the lack of a captive. It is too ambiguous for a decisive answer. Hendin does not include the variety in his Guide to Biblical coins.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0454 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.12g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAES VESPASIAN IMP P TR P COS II; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA NAVALIS; S C in field; Victory stg. r. on prow, with wreath and palm
RIC 454 (R). BMC 645A. BNC 637.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, October 2021.
A fairly scarce and early variant of the Victoria Navalis type, struck in 72 during the first flurry of bronze issues at Rome for Titus Caesar. The type would be repeatedly struck throughout Vespasian's reign for both father and son, perhaps indicating how important it was to their military gravitas. Traditionally, it has been attributed to the naval victory Vespasian and Titus won on Lake Gennesaret (the Sea of Galilee) during the Jewish War. By any definition it is a most bizarre 'naval' battle indeed. Near the close of the Galilean campaign, Vespasian and Titus marched to Lake Gennesaret in order to secure the cities along its coastline. Tiberias fell without much resistance, but the neighbouring city of Taricheae was a tougher nut to crack. Home to many of the Jewish rebels who had fled Tiberias, they put up a small fight on the plain outside the city and were quickly defeated by Titus' troops who then stormed the city and began slaughtering the inhabitants. Many of the rebels took flight to waiting boats they had previously commandeered on the lake. These were likely local fishing or ferry vessels not intended for use in war. Vespasian ordered the legionaries to construct large rafts in order to pursue the rebel's makeshift flotilla. With the coastline guarded by Roman horsemen the legionaries launched their rafts and sailed out in a large line toward the enemy. The Jewish boats were no match for the heavily armoured Roman rafts. The legionaries easily picked off the Jewish rebels who had no means of escape. The slaughter was intense, so much so that Josephus claims 6,500 Jews were killed. Several years later during Vespasian and Titus' Jewish War Triumph in Rome, ships were displayed to commemorate the battle. Were the Victoria Navalis coins struck with the same event in mind? As unlikely as it seems, the impromptu 'naval' battle at Lake Gennesaret is the best candidate for Vespasian striking this Actium-lite reverse type. The connection to Augustus would not have been lost on his contemporaries. Flavian propaganda at its most exaggerated.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0482 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 12.09g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAESAR VESPASIAN IMP III PON TR POT II COS II: Head of Titus, radiate, r.
Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas standing l., holding caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 582 (R2). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, October 2022.
All the bronze coinage of Titus Caesar's fourth issue dated IMP III PON TR POT II COS II of 72 are quite rare. This Felicitas variety is cited by RIC in only the Rome and Belgrade collections. Despite its fleeting nature early on, Felicitas later became one of the commonest bronze reverse types of the reign. Here she symbolises the prosperity and abundance Vespasian has brought to the empire.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0483 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 12.37g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: T CAESAR VESPASIAN IMP III PON TR POT II COS II: Head of Titus, radiate, r.
Rev: ROMA VICTRIX; S C in exergue; Roma std. l. on cuirass, with Victory and spear
RIC 483 (R2). BMC p. 146 ‡. BNC -.
Acquired from eBay, February 2023.
An extremely rare dupondius struck for Titus Caesar under Vespasian depicting Roma on the reverse, seated on a cuirass and holding a spear in one hand and Victory in the other. She is dressed in the guise of an Amazon warrior, a typical attribute for her on the coinage during the Flavian era. H. Mattingly in BMCRE II says this Roma victorious type, along with a few other Roma reverses, 'announces the triumph and revival of the sovereign city.' Both Vespasian and Titus shared the type. This scarce Titus variety is missing from both the BM and Paris collections. Two specimens are cited by RIC, one in Stockholm and the other in Aretusa Auction 4, 22 March 1996.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0492 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 11.26g
Rome mint, 72 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIANVS COS DES II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VESTA; S C in field; Temple, round, containing statue
RIC 492 (R2). BMC 648. BNC -.
Acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, April 2020.
This coin has the distinction of two Flavian firsts - it's from the first issue of coinage struck for Domitian Caesar at Rome in 72 AD (here he is one of the designated consuls for 73), and it's the first appearance of the rare Temple of Vesta reverse type on the coinage during the Flavian era. This is the sixth incarnation of the temple, the fifth was destroyed in the great fire of 64 AD and it originally appeared on the coinage of Nero after his restoration of the structure. Vespasian likely embellished it, which perhaps explains its reappearance on the coinage. It was a round temple mounted on a high podium and a narrow stairway approach. The columns were fitted with their own plinths and the surrounding intercolumniations laced with grillwork. The summit of the conical roof is flattened, presumably to hold a statue. The coin depicts a cult statue of Vesta between the columns, however, this figure could also be a visual representation of Vesta's eternal flame. The Flavian interest in her cult can best be explained by their desire for connection and continuity with Rome's sacred traditions after the horrors and tragedies of the recent Civil War.
The Vesta type is considered to be quite rare, as are all Domitian Caesar's first issue coins at Rome. This specimen is also a double die match with the BM's example, a good indication of the type's rarity.
The hole located at 12 o'clock on the obverse indicates the piece may have been used as Jewellery, perhaps as a pendant. IMHO, it gives the coin a neat second life - whether in an antiquity or at a somewhat later date. More recently someone felt the need to return it to its original status as a coin and filled the hole.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0513 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.19g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: SALVS AVG; Salus, draped, seated l., holding patera in extended r. hand. l. arm at side.
RIC 513 (C2). BMC 105. RSC 431. BNC 90.
Ex Ancient Auction House, eBay, February 2005.
Mattingly in BMCRE II credits this reverse to the safety of the emperor, a possibility that a recent plot had been thwarted.
A new hoard coin in excellent condition and struck on a large flan. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0514 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.32g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: S P Q R in oak wreath
RIC 514 (C). BMC 101. RSC 516. BNC 88.
Acquired from Sergey Nechayev, September 2010.
The reverse depicts an oak wreath that was bestowed upon Vespasian by the 'senate and the people of Rome'. The occasion for such an offering is not known, although the BMCRE speculates (p. xxxvi) it could have been the 'Vota quinquennalia' which was paid the same year.
Good metal with an above average portrait.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0517 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.10g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP CEN; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: SALVS AVG; Salus std. l., with patera
RIC 517 (R). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.
An early rare denarius of Titus as Caesar struck in 73 AD. Titus shared the Salus type with Vespasian for whom it was produced in much larger quantities. This was the norm, the two often shared reverse types to clearly demonstrate that Titus was indeed Vespasian's successor, although the types are much rarer for Titus, as is this case with the present coin. Why Salus was chosen for a type in 73 remains a mystery; perhaps a reference to the emperor recovering from an illness or for escaping an assassination plot.
RIC only cites the Hunterian Museum, which is odd considering it is given a 'rare' rating. I've only seen this one in trade. IMHO it is just as rare as the RIC V518 salus (CENS) I have with a frequency rating of R2.
A humble portrait with fairly clear legends on a nicely toned flan.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0518 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 2.56g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: SALVS AVG; Salus std. l., with patera
RIC 518 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.
The coin was minted in 73 AD when Titus shared the censorship with Vespasian, as evidenced by the CENS in the obverse legend. The reverse features Salus, which might be an allusion to the emperor Vespasian's health. The reverse type is rare for Titus and extremely rare with the obverse legend ending in CENS. Unlisted in the major catalogs until the new Flavian RIC II was published, it cites 2 examples - one in Vienna, the other in the Walter Holt collection.
A decent coin in good metal featuring an excellent early portrait.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0519 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.14g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: S P Q R in oak wreath
RIC 519 (R). BMC 119. RSC 264a. BNC -.
Ex Concordia Auction 9, 15 October 2023, lot 406.
Vespasian and Titus Caesar held a joint censorship in 73. This denarius from a rare issue struck earlier that year is one of the first coins to advertise it on the obverse. The SPQR within wreath type, also shared with Vespasian, is extremely scarce for Titus Caesar and rarely encountered in trade. RIC cites only one specimen in the BM (the lone example cited in OCRE and RSC II), but oddly places the frequency rating as just 'rare'. Asearch results produced only the present coin. I believe the RIC rating woefully underrates the rarity of this variety for Titus Caesar. Double die match with the BM specimen.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0520 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.46g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS IIII CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate r.
Rev: FIDES PVBL; Clasped hands holding winged caduceus upright, between poppy and corn-ear on either side
RIC 520 (C). BMC 86. RSC 164. BNC 75.
Acquired privately from Beast Coins, January 2006.
An important reverse type that was struck in both bronze and silver. The BMCRE states 'the clasped hands symbolize concord, the caduceus commercial prosperity, and the poppy and corn ears for agriculture.' The legend FIDES PVBL means the promise of public protection.
Another hard to find reverse type. The above picture is a preliminary dealer picture. The reverse is a bit off center, but the coin is in excellent condition. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0522 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.42g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS IIII CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: SALVS AVG; Salus std. l., with patera
RIC 522 (C). BMC 87. RSC 432. BNC 76.
Acquired from Rubicon Coins, August 2008.
Salus, the personification of health and welfare, is seen here overseeing the Emperor's health and safety.
Salus is seen twice on Vespasian's denarii. This example with the longer COS IIII obverse legend is the rarer of the two types.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0523 VespasianAR Denarius, 2.71g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS IIII CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: S P Q R in oak wreath
RIC 523 (C). BMC 86a. RSC 517. BNC -.
Ex Andrew Long, June 2011.
Despite being listed as "common" in RIC this is a tough coin to find. Worn but the portrait is quite good and the reverse is well centered and fully struck.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0528 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.12g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP PON TR POT CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: FIDES PVBL; Hands clasped over caduceus, two poppies and two corn-ears
RIC 528 (R). BMC 91a. RSC 87b. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.
This Fides type was issued under Vespasian in 73 AD and possibly is a reference to the grain supply. A very rare coin, this type is one I have not seen in trade. Harry Sneh said he has only seen two for sale ... this example he sold to me and his own specimen. The RIC plate coin would be a third we both know of. The BMCRE cites a specimen from the March 6, 1925 Recamier sale (p. 17).
A large flan and classic portrait makes for a coin with excellent eye appeal.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0528A Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.36g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP PON TR POT CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: NEP RED; Neptune stg. l., r. foot on globe, with acrostolium and sceptre
RIC 528A. BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Gemini X, 13 January 2013, Harry N. Sneh Collection, lot 637. Ex Gorny & Mosch 122, 10 March 2003, lot 2043 = 113, 18 October 2001, lot 5729.
An unpublished Neptune type with CENS in the obverse legend. The coin will be 528A (under Vespasian) in the RIC II Addenda. It fits nicely alongside my unpublished V529A Salus from the same series. I think there are still a few other unknown types that will surface for this series - this Neptune reverse for the corresponding Vespasian issue is one that so far is awaiting discovery.
A beautiful denarius in hand with an amazing early portrait. The other two denarii I have from this series also have exemplary portraits. An issue style wise to take note of then.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0529A Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.48g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP PON TR POT CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: SALVS AVG; Salus std., l., with patera
RIC 529A (R3). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection. Ex Dr. Busso Peus Nachfolger, Auction 404, 2 November 2011, lot 2570.
This Titus as Caesar denarius with Salus on the reverse coupled with this obverse legend is unlisted in all the major references, including the new RIC II. The coin comes from a series minted in 73 AD in which the Salus type was known for Vespasian but unknown for Titus until the present denarius surfaced. Ian Carradice has given this new type the number 529A (under Vespasian) in the RIC II Addenda. Also, this coin is an obverse die match with the RIC V531 plate coin.
What to my eyes makes this COTD worthy is not the rarity but the bold portrait which was described by the eminent Flavian collector Harry Sneh as 'striking'. I tend to agree. The reverse is weakly struck (worn die?) but well centered.
Struck on a huge flan and weighing 3.48g. This coin is a true beauty in hand.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0532 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Quinarius, 1.40g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP P TR P CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVST; Victory adv. r., with wreath and palm
RIC 532 (R3). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from GB Collection, June 2016.
An extremely rare quinarius struck for Titus Caesar in 73, the year of his joint censorship with Vespasian. What makes this coin notable is the spelling of 'AVGVST' in the reverse legend. The more common quinarii from the issue spell it 'AVGVSTI', although they too are rare. Apparently this is the second known specimen, the other is cited in the new RIC II and is held by the Museo Nazionale Romano in Rome.
For a quinarius, this is in fairly good condition. Well centred with an agreeable portrait.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0535 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Quinarius, 1.60g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP P TR P CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVSTI; Victory adv. r., with wreath and palm
RIC 535 (R). BMC 92. RSC 374. BNC 79.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection, acquired from Tom Cederlind. Ex Baldwin's Auction 42, 26 September 2005, lot 288 (part). Ex William C. Boyd Collection, acquired from W.S. Lincoln, February 1896.
This fairly rare Titus as Caesar quinarius from 73 AD is my first quinarius, so I was quite thrilled to receive it.
Not only is the coin rare, but it has an interesting provenance. It came with a tag from the 19th century William C. Boyd (1840-1906) collection. As the tag indicates, he purchased the coin from W.S. Lincoln of Oxford St. in London. Roman history combined with a Victorian era numismatic souvenir, what more can you ask for?
In regards to the denomination itself, I'm not quite sure why quinarii were minted in the imperial era. Were they minted to make up required sums for imperial donatives as A Dictionary of Ancient Roman Coins states, or were they minted as presentation pieces to be given away at special occasions?David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0539 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.17g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: CAES AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: No legend; Domitian on horse l.; cloak flying out behind, r. hand raised, sceptre in l.
RIC 539 (R). BMC 122. RSC 665. BNC -.
Acquired from NumisCorner, June 2018.
This is the first denarius struck at Rome for Domitian as Caesar. Fittingly, it commemorates Domitian's appearance at Vespasian and Titus' joint Jewish War Triumph - 'while taking part in the Judaean triumph, he rode on a white horse' (Suetonius, Domitian, ii), which was the normal conduct for a young prince on such occasions. The type was struck in three variants: firstly, with a clockwise obverse legend and DOMITIAN fully spelled out, as we see here. Secondly, it was shortened to DOMIT, with the legend still running clockwise. Lastly, the legend direction was changed to counter clockwise with DOMIT. The first two variants are quite rare, the last relatively common. On this coin we see a cloak flying out from behind Domitian. This interesting detail only appears on a few coins from the first variant and does not show up on subsequent issues of the type. Most likely this variant with the cloak was the earliest version of the type which was then quickly simplified by dropping the cloak all together.
Well centred in good early style.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0541 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.46g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: CAES AVG F DOMIT COS II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: No legend; Domitian on horse l.; r. hand raised, sceptre in l.
RIC 541 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Gemini X, 13 January 2013, Harry N. Sneh Collection, lot 701. = Helios, ebay, 29 November 2010 (A. Lynn Collection).
This is an extremely rare denarius of Domitian as Caesar, the second earliest minted at Rome. Here the legend is clockwise, the much more common Domitian on horseback type has the legend anticlockwise. The reverse may allude to Domitian's participation in Vespasian and Titus' joint triumph where he rode a 'magnificent' steed. The obverse is a die match with the RIC plate coin from Oxford. Missing from both the BM and Paris collections.
The early portrait on this one is quite outstanding.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0544 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.20g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM; Nemesis adv. r., holding caduceus over snake
RIC 544 (R). BMC 97. RSC 385. BNC 85.
Ex eBay, June 2009.
The reverse is copied from a denarius of Claudius. Curtis Clay has proposed that these 'revival' types were recycled because Vespasian melted down many older denarii and minted these antique reverse types to replace them. It would be interesting to know why certain types were chosen and others forgotten about. Did Nemesis hold a special meaning to the Flavians?
This type is infrequently encountered in trade. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0545 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.10g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP - AVG CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM (r. to l., outwardly); Vespasian, togate, seated r., feet on stool, holding vertical sceptre in r. hand and branch in l.
RIC 545 (C). BMC 98 var. RSC 387a. BNC -.
Acquired from Mike R. Vosper Coins, September 2007.
This is an uncommon obverse legend variant of a very common reverse. Issued in 73 AD, the obverse legend on this coin reads IMP CAES VESP AVG CEN. Normally this type has the obverse legend as IMP CAES VESP AVG CENS.
Not listed in RIC but noted in the BMCRE p. 19.
A very minor variant to be sure, but to a Flavian specialist like myself, this is a wondeful find. The coin itself is a prime example of Early Flavian coinage with some wear.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0546 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.50g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM; Vespasian, togate, seated r., feet on stool, holding vertical sceptre in r. hand and branch in l.
RIC 546 (C3). BMC 98. RSC 387. BNC 86.
Acquired from Pars Coins, March 2004.
A reverse that echoes the 'Tibute penny' of Tiberius. Vespasian as 'peace bringer'.
One of my favorite reverse types, here in excellent condition. The detail on the toga is magnificent.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0547 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.20g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG CEN; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: S P Q R in oak wreath
RIC 547 (C). BMC 103. RSC 516. BNC 89.
Acquired from Ancient Coin Art, April 2006.
The wreath is the Corona Civica. What did Vespasian do in 73 A.D. to be awarded this honor by the Senate and People of Rome?
The occasion of this issue is in doubt. The BMCRE sites the restoration of Achaea back to the Senate as one possibility.
I love this reverse. The main reason I purchased this example is because of the wonderful detail and lovely style of the reverse. Most examples I have seen of this type are very worn and do not show the oak-wreath in such fine detail.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0553 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian] Mule AR, Denarius, 3.25g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP - VESP CEN; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM; Vespasian std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 553 (R). BMC 112. RSC 158. BNC -.
Acquired from Divus Numismatik, October 2010.
This denarius of Titus as Caesar is quite interesting because of the reverse legend, PONTIF MAXIM, obviously inappropriate for Titus in 73 AD! However this mule was minted in such quantities as to be assigned it's own catalog number in the major references. The type was also issued with obverse legend ending in CENS.
The portrait is very pleasing as well.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0554 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian] Mule AR Denarius, 3.08g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM; Vespasian std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 554 (R). BMC 113. RSC 158. BNC 97.
Ex Lanz, eBay, 6 October 2008.
This rare denarius of 73 AD issued by Titus as Caesar, is a mule featuring a reverse intended for Vespasian. The reverse legend PONTIF MAXIM is the title of the chief priest, a position held only by the emperor.
A coin featuring a sturdy portrait of the young prince with his father as supreme priest on the reverse, a perfect mule.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0556 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 2.57g
Rome Mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP VESP CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF TRI POT; Titus std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 556 (C). BMC 116. RSC 169. BNC -.
Acquired from CGB, May 2016.
A reverse type which copies the famous 'Tribute Penny' reverse of Tiberius, but instead of a female figure we see Titus seated. The type was correspondingly struck for Vespasian which resulted in many rare mules. This denarius actually has the correct legends for Titus Caesar. Unusually for Rome it has a twelve o'clock die axis.
A nice early portrait struck on a large flan.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0581 VespasianÆ Dupondius, 12.53g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M T P COS IIII CENS; Head of Vespasian, radiate, l.
Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas stg. l., with caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 581 (C). BMC 661. BNC 652.
Acquired from CGB.fr, June 2022.
In 73 Vespasian and Titus Caesar held a joint censorship which was duly recorded on the coinage. The Felicitas on the reverse symbolises the prosperity and abundance Vespasian has brought to the empire after a period of turmoil. It is easily one of the commonest reverse types struck for the dupondius issues during Vespasian's reign. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0589 VespasianÆ As, 11.55g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M T P COS IIII CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 589 (C). BMC spec. acquired 1958. BNC 655.
Acquired from Lost Dutchman Rare Coins, July 2020.
In 73 Vespasian and Titus Caesar held a joint censorship which was duly recorded on the coinage. This fairly worn As is from the very first bronze issue recording that censorship. Most Asses from the issue are quite rare - this Pax type is probably the most 'common' reverse of the group. The right facing portrait variant was missing from the BM's collection until 1958, hinting it may be slightly rarer than the left facing.
Good metal and pleasing style.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0590 VespasianÆ As, 9.44g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M T P COS IIII CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, l.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 590 (C). BMC 668. BNC 656.
Acquired from CGB.fr, September 2020.
In 73 Vespasian and Titus Caesar held a joint censorship which was duly recorded on the coinage. This As with the slightly less common left facing portrait is from the very first bronze issue recording the censorship. After the recently concluded Judaean and Civil wars, Pax in her various guises was a major theme for Vespasian's coinage. The Pax leaning on a column type is likely based on a cult image while the legend 'PAX AVGVST' advertises the emperor as peacemaker.
Nice eye-appeal.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0601 VespasianÆ As, 8.38g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M T P COS IIII CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: VES-TA across field; S C low in field; Temple, round, containing statue
RIC 601 (R). BMC 664. BNC 663.
Ex Harlan J Berk BBS 225, 30 November 2023, lot 37. Ex Curtis Clay Collection.
A decently rare as from 73 depicting a round structure on the reverse, clearly identified on the coin as the temple of Vesta. This is the sixth incarnation of the temple, the fifth was destroyed in the great fire of 64 AD and it originally appeared on the coinage of Nero after his restoration of the structure. Vespasian likely embellished it, which perhaps explains its reappearance on the coinage (Tameanko p. 181). Conversely, Scott Arcenas in his study of Vespasian's temple of Vesta aurei has theorised its appearance here may symbolise the security of home and state rather than any building activity by Vespasian (Elkins p.79). It was a round temple mounted on a high podium and a narrow stairway approach. The columns were fitted with their own plinths and the surrounding intercolumniations laced with grillwork. The summit of the conical roof is flattened, presumably to hold a statue. The coin depicts a cult statue of Vesta between the columns, however, this figure could also be a visual representation of Vesta's eternal flame. The Flavian interest in her cult can best be explained by their desire for connection and continuity with Rome's sacred traditions after the horrors and tragedies of the recent Civil War. The type was fleetingly struck for Vespasian, Titus Caesar, and Domitian Caesar.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0608 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Sestertius, 26.55g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES VESP IMP PON TR POT COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PAX AVGVSTI; S C in field; Pax stg. l., with branch and cornucopiae
RIC 608 (R2). BMC 667A. BNC -.
Ex Harlan J Berk BBS 225, 30 November 2023, lot 42. Ex Curtis Clay Collection. Ex CNG E139, 10 May 2006, lot 284.
A rare Pax sestertius variety struck for Titus Caesar in 73 when he and Vespasian held the joint censorship. Pax is seen here holding a cornucopiae symbolising the emperor's gift of peace and prosperity to the empire.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0613 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 11.63g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP COS II CENS; Head of Titus, radiate, bearded, r.
Rev: CONCORDIA AVGVSTI; S C in exergue; Concordia std. l., with patera and cornucopiae
RIC 613 (C). BMC 669. BNC 673.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, October 2021.
A very common Concordia dupondius struck for Titus Caesar during his joint censorship with Vespasian in 73. This seated Concordia type is more frequently encountered on the dupondii and rarely on the As issues.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0615 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 9.66g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP COS II CENS; Head of Titus, radiate, bearded, r.
Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas stg. l., with caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 615 (R). BMC -. BNC 674.
Acquired from eBay, October 2019. Formerly in NGC holder 5767629-014, with grade 'VF'.
A rare variant of the common Felicitas reverse with a unique obverse legend struck for this one type in this one issue. A die pair match with the BNC plate coin. Missing from the BM's extensive collection.
Felicitas symbolising prosperity and abundance was one of the more common types struck during Vespasian's reign, often shared with Titus Caesar.
Strong early style portrait.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0621 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.35g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP PON TR P COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, l.
Rev: AEQVITAS AVGVST; S C in field; Aequitas stg. l., with scales and rod
RIC 621 (R). BMC -. BNC 681.
Acquired from CGB.fr, July 2021.
Aequitas holding her scales and measuring rod was probably based on a cult image of the deity. She first shows up as an imperial virtue on the coinage under Galba. Not a common type for Titus Caesar. Missing from the BM collection.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0627 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.28g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP PON TR P COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 627 (R). BMC p. 153 note. BNC 682.
Acquired from Olding, MA Shops, May 2019 = Olding, List 96, March 2019, Sammlung Fritz Reusing, no. 164. From the collection of Fritz Reusing (1874-1956), acquired from O. Helbing of Munich, 1929; inherited and continued by Reusing's nephew Paul Schürer (1890-1976).
Pax in various guises and types was struck repeatedly throughout Vespasian's reign for both himself and Titus Caesar. This variant with Pax leaning on a column was a perennial favourite. Pax's popularity on the coinage can perhaps be explained by Vespasian's construction of the Temple of Peace which was completed in 75.
Nice old cabinet toning.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0631 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 8.13g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP PON TR P COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, l.
Rev: PROVIDENT in exergue; S C in field; Altar
RIC 631 (R). BMC -. BNC -.
Ex Savoca Blue 145, 16 October 2022, lot 1306.
Originally, Tiberius struck the Provident altar type for Divus Augustus. The altar depicted is dedicated to Providentia, the personification of the emperor's divine providence. Although the type is commonly described as an altar, Marvin Tameanko has convincingly argued it is actually a sacellum, or small shrine. Vespasian began striking it early in his reign both at Rome and Lyon, confining the type to the as issues. Nathan T. Elkins in his Monuments in Miniature wrote the following concerning the type - 'Asses with an altar enclosure labeled PROVIDENT, combine with obverses of Vespasian or his sons, are the emperor's most common architectural type and were produced from c. 71 to 78. The Ara Providentiae, which had appeared before on coins of Tiberius, Galba, and Vitellius, celebrated the emperor's foresight in the designation of his successors. The combination of the reverse type with obverses of one of the two Caesars further underscored the dynastic message.' This PROVIDENT from 73 features the less common left facing portrait of Titus Caesar. Missing from both the BM and Paris collections.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0635 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.08g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP PON TR P COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: S C in exergue; Titus stg. r., with branch and sceptre, in quadriga r.
RIC 635 (R). BMC -. BNC 688.
Acquired from Marc Breitsprecher, September 2019.
In 71 AD Vespasian and Titus held a double triumph celebrating their victory in the recently concluded Judaean War. The spectacular triumph was held a few days after Titus' arrival from the East in June and could be viewed as his effective homecoming party. Mary Beard has shrewdly observed that the triumph served as 'the Flavian coronation, the official launch party and press night of the Flavian dynasty.' It was the first time after Vespasian's rise to the purple that the whole family could be seen together by the Roman populace. Vespasian and Titus were identically dressed riding in matching quadrigas while Domitian trotted alongside on a splendid mount. By showcasing his eldest son on an equal footing in the procession, it left little doubt who would succeed after his death. Coins were struck in all metals to commemorate the event. Here is a rare As with a reverse depicting Titus Caesar in a triumphal quadriga, a clear commemoration of the joint triumph. Oddly, this type is more commonly seen in silver from Antioch. The piece serves as a superb memento of the 'Greatest Show on Earth' triumph put on by the Flavian regime in the late First century.
Not in the BM. RIC cites only a specimen in the Paris collection (BNC 688), a double die match with this coin as pointed out by C. Clay.
Worn, but the major devices are still quite visible.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0641 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 9.90g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP PON TR P COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVSTI; S C in field; Victory stg. r. on prow, with wreath and palm
RIC 641 (R). BMC 675. BNC 690.
Acquired from CGB.fr, August 2020.
A generic Victory on prow type struck when Titus held the joint censorship with Vespasian which is advertised in the obverse legend. This Victory type would be repeatedly struck throughout Vespasian's reign for both father and son with the prow possibly alluding to 'Victory at sea'. Some collectors and dealers refer to this as a 'Judaea Capta' type, although there is not an explicit connection. This variant is rated 'rare' by the new RIC II.1.
Good portrait with off-centred reverse.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0644 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.31g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: T CAES IMP PON TR P COS II CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA NAVALIS; S C in field; Victory stg. r. on prow, with wreath and palm
RIC 644 (R). BMC 677. BNC 691.
Acquired from Praefetus Coins, July 2019.
A fairly scarce variant of the Victoria Navalis type, struck in 73 when Titus held the joint censorship with Vespasian. The type would be repeatedly struck throughout Vespasian's reign for both father and son, perhaps indicating how important it was to their military gravitas. Traditionally, it has been attributed to the naval victory Vespasian and Titus won on Lake Gennesaret (the Sea of Galilee) during the Jewish War. By any definition it is a most bizarre 'naval' battle indeed. Near the close of the Galilean campaign, Vespasian and Titus marched to Lake Gennesaret in order to secure the cities along its coastline. Tiberias fell without much resistance, but the neighbouring city of Taricheae was a tougher nut to crack. Home to many of the Jewish rebels who had fled Tiberias, they put up a small fight on the plain outside the city and were quickly defeated by Titus' troops who then stormed the city and began slaughtering the inhabitants. Many of the rebels took flight to waiting boats they had previously commandeered on the lake. These were likely local fishing or ferry vessels not intended for use in war. Vespasian ordered the legionaries to construct large rafts in order to pursue the rebel's makeshift flotilla. With the coastline guarded by Roman horsemen the legionaries launched their rafts and sailed out in a large line toward the enemy. The Jewish boats were no match for the heavily armoured Roman rafts. The legionaries easily picked off the Jewish rebels who had no means of escape. The slaughter was intense, so much so that Josephus claims 6,500 Jews were killed. Several years later during Vespasian and Titus' Jewish War Triumph in Rome, ships were displayed to commemorate the battle. Were the Victoria Navalis coins struck with the same event in mind? As unlikely as it seems, the impromptu 'naval' battle at Lake Gennesaret is the best candidate for Vespasian striking this Actium-lite reverse type. The connection to Augustus would not have been lost on his contemporaries. Flavian propaganda at its most exaggerated.
Dark golden brown patina with a fine reverse.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0650 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.02g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA NAVALIS; S C in field; Victory stg. r. on prow, with wreath and palm
RIC 650 (R). BMC -. BNC 708.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, June 2020.
Vespasian's moneyers first began striking this Victoria Navalis type in 71 during his great bronze issue. The type traditionally has been attributed to the so-called naval victory Vespasian and Titus won on Lake Gennesaret (the Sea of Galilee) during the Jewish War and was repeatedly struck throughout Vespasian's reign for both of them, perhaps indicating how important it was to their military gravitas. It is then quite remarkable the type was also chosen as an appropriate reverse for Domitian Caesar, who was in his late teens and living in Rome when the naval battle took place. He was hardly in a position to offer any involvement! Perhaps it best can best be viewed as the young prince sharing in the family's collective military glory. This rare example from 73 is the earliest appearance of the type for Domitian. Missing from the BM collection.
Worn, but in good metal and well centred.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0657 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius?, 14.34g
Rome mint, 73-74 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Bust of Domitian, laureate, draped, bearded, r.
Rev: AEQVITAS AVGVST; S C in field; Aequitas stg. l., with scales and rod
RIC 657 (R). BMC spec. acquired 1958. BNC -.
Acquired from Marc Breitsprecher, May 2021.
An uncertain early middle bronze struck for Domitian Caesar. His dupondii come with draped busts, however, the Aequitas reverse was normally reserved for the asses. This rare specimen with a weight of 14.34g favours the denomination to be a dupondius, although the coin's heavy patina makes determining the metal (orichalcum or copper?) impossible. The type is missing from the extensive Paris collection.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0658 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 11.09g
Rome mint, 73-74 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Bust of Domitian, laureate, draped, bearded, r.
Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas stg. l., with caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 658 (C). BMC p. 157 note *. BNC 693.
Acquired from CGB.fr, September 2020.
A most stylish dupondius struck for Domitian Caesar in either 73 or 74 from one of his earliest bronze issues at Rome. The dupondii from this issue are laureate instead of radiate and can be differentiated from the asses by the draped busts and metal content (yellowish orichalcum). The Felicitas on the reverse symbolises the prosperity and abundance the Flavian dynasty has brought to the empire. It is certainly one of the most abundant reverse types of Vespasian's reign. Surprisingly, this common Domitian Caesar Felicitas is missing from the BM's extensive collection.
The engraver who worked on the obverse had talent to spare and rendered a wonderful portrait in fine style.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0661 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian] VariantÆ Dupondius, 10.98g
Rome mint, 73-74 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Bust of Domitian, laureate, draped, bearded, l.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 661 var. (rev. legend). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from eBay, September 2021.
The propaganda value of Pax for the Flavian dynasty after the Civil War, the revolt of Civilis, and the Jewish War cannot be overestimated. In her various guises she is one of the most popular types on Vespasian's coinage and shows up quite frequently during the reign on the coins struck for both himself and his sons. This early dupondius struck for Domitian as Caesar under Vespasian shows Pax leaning on a column, which likely copies a well known cult image of the goddess. Domitian's dupondii in these initial issues can be distinguished from the asses by their metal and draped busts. RIC records a unique specimen of the Pax type with AVGVSTI as RIC 661 but does not list this variant with AVGVST. It is also unlisted in the Addenda and Corrigenda. So, apparently unpublished and unique!David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0663 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius?, 10.48g
Rome mint, 73-74 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Bust of Domitian, laureate, draped, bearded, r.
Rev: S C in field; Spes stg. l., with flower
RIC 663 (R2). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from CGB.fr, December 2020.
For Domitian Caesar's first major bronze issue at Rome under Vespasian draped busts are reserved for dupondii and the Spes reverses for asses. Therefore, this rare coin with a draped bust and Spes on the reverse presents quite a conundrum. RIC notes the discrepancy but does not make a ruling leaving the matter an open question (literally with a question mark). This specimen appears to be made of copper, hence an as, but the borderline dupondius weight of 10.48g does not clear things up. A puzzling coin type indeed!
Fine early style and dark green patina.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0669 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 11.05g
Rome mint, 73-74 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 669 (C). BMC -. BNC 699.
Acquired from Musa Numismatics, August 2019.
The propaganda value of Pax for the Flavian dynasty after the Civil War, the revolt of Civilis, and the Jewish War cannot be underestimated. In her various guises she is one of the most popular types on Vespasian's coinage and shows up quite frequently during the reign on the coins struck for both himself and his sons. This As struck for Domitian as Caesar shows Pax leaning on a column, which likely copies a well known cult image of the goddess.
Tellingly, less than a decade later, Pax would not feature so prominently on Domitian's own coinage as Emperor.
Fine style early portrait.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0672 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 9.87g
Rome mint, 73-74 AD
Obv: CAESAR AVG F DOMITIAN COS II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: S C in field; Domitian riding l., r. hand raised, holding sceptre
RIC 672 (R). BMC 689. BNC 704.
Acquired from Kölner, April 2021.
This rare bronze As copies a triumphal reverse more commonly found on Domitian Caesar's early denarii at Rome. It commemorates his participation in Vespaisan and Titus's joint Judaean War Triumph in 71 - 'while taking part in the Judaean triumph, he rode on a white horse' (Suetonius, Domitian, ii). Bizarrely, H. Mattingly in BMCRE II describes the sceptre Domitian is holding on the reverse as sporting a human head(!) and RIC notes (p. 106) that on some examples 'the sceptre knop clearly has a human head'.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0680 Domitian as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.15g
Rome mint, 73 AD
Obv: CAES AVG F DOMIT COS II; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: No legend; Domitian on horse l.; r. hand raised, sceptre in l.
RIC 680 (C). BMC 129. RSC 664. BNC 105.
Ex Harlan J Berk BBS 146, 29 November 2005, lot 363.
A reverse type issued only for Domitian, most likely a reference to his part in the Judaean triumph of Vespasian and Titus.
"while taking part in the Judaean triumph, he rode on a white horse, the conventional mount for young princes on such occasions." (Suetonius, Domitian, ii)
A scarce coin of Domitian's part in a very important event in Flavian history. Nice portait with some of the beard still intact and a lively horse on the reverse!David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0681 VespasianAR Denarius, 2.87g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: COS V across field; Laurel trees, two, upright
RIC 681 (R). BMC 133. RSC 110. BNC 108.
Acquired from Beast Coins, July 2005.
A direct copy of a reverse of Augustus. The two laurel-branches symbolise the laurel trees planted outside augustus' door.
A fairly rare reverse type, marred slightly by the porosity due either to the state of preservation or harsh cleaning; otherwise a fine denarius.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0681/0690 Vespasian MuleAR Denarius, 2.46g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: COS III across field; Laurel trees, two, upright
Cf. RIC 681/690 (for obv./rev.). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Private Collection.
A unique and unpublished denarius mule combining an obverse of Vespasian with a reverse intended for Titus Caesar. Vespasian should be named COS V on the reverse, instead we have Titus's COS III title. Mules between Vespasian and Titus are not unheard of due to both of them frequently sharing the same reverse types throughout the reign. RIC II.1 author Ian Carradice has been alerted to this mule and has added a footnote to RIC 690 (... mint mule with obverse of Vespasian).
The reverse is a restoration of of a similar type struck by Augustus. The two laurel trees represent the ones planted at Augustus's door.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0683 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.20g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR - VESP AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS V; Vespasian std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 683 (R). BMC 135. RSC 363. BNC 109.
Acquired from G&N, January 2012.
A fairly rare obverse legend variant of the seated Vespasian type. The reverse advertises Vespasian as chief priest.
Curtis Clay comments: 'In RD hoard: 61 with the standard obv. legend (VESPASIANVS), only four with VESP. So really quite scarce!'
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0684 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.19g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS V; Caduceus, winged
RIC 684 (C). BMC 137. RSC 361a. BNC 112.
A common coin found not so commonly! There is another caduceus type from this series with the same obverse legend and PONTIF MAXIM on the reverse. Both types from the series are fairly rare.
A decent coin in acceptable condition.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0685 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.40g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, right.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM; Vespasian, seated right on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 685 (R). BMC p. 27,*. RSC 386. BNC 119.
Ex Paganecoins, eBay, January 2008.
This variety of the type is considered rare by RIC and can be difficult to find in trade. It commemorates Vespasian as chief priest of the state religion.
Good specimen in average condition.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0686 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.21g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PONTIF MAXIM; Winged Caduceus, up-right
RIC 686 (R). BMC 146. RSC 390. BNC 120.
Ex Harlan J. Berk BBS 148, 29 March 2006, lot 252.
The BMCRE states that this reverse is to be associated with the censorship.
A good example of mid-period Vespasian coinage. A reverse that is hard to find with the PONTIF MAXIM legend.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0688 VespasianAR Denarius, 2.84g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR in exergue; Vespasian stg. r., with branch and sceptre, in quadriga r.
Rev: VESP AVG across field; Victory on prow r., with wreath and palm
RIC 688 (R). BMC 147. RSC 569. BNC 121. Hendin 1484 corr. (rev. legend).
Ex Nomos Obolos 4, 21 February 2016, lot 575. Ex GH Collection. Ex Superior Galleries, The Moreira sale, Part II, 10-11 December 1988, lot 2374.
A major feature of Vespasian's coinage is in its use of antiquarian styled types and recycled ones from previous eras. K. Butcher and M. Ponting in The Metallurgy of Roman Silver Coinage have shown that a big component of Vespasian's silver bullion consisted of recycled denarii from the republic and early empire. Vespasian's moneyers were removing the older worn coinage and replacing them with brand new coins and in the process keeping some of the familiar reverse designs that the Roman public had grown accustomed to.
With that in mind, this very rare coin which copies not only the reverse design from a denarius of Octavian, it also copies the obverse. The only change is with the reverse legend VESP AVG to indicate Vespasian's authority. Being undated, it is difficult to correctly place in the series. RIC assigns it to 74 AD based on the legends. D. Hendin to 71-72, just after Vespasian and Titus' joint triumph for the Jewish War.
This denarius is so rare I have only been able to locate six other examples, all of which are in public collections: BM 3 examples (one plated), Paris (BNC 121, obv die match with mine), Berlin (rev die match with mine), and ANA NY. Curtis Clay has kindly informed me of several other examples offered at auction: "Glendining, 1952, Ryan Part 5, part of lot 2147, not illustrated, 'only fine but rare.' Perhaps the same coin as Trau Sale, 1935, lot 625, pl. 8: a worn example. Stack's, Knobloch, May 1980, lot 300. VF, but small edge chip (the ANA NY coin). Leu, April 1982, lot 327, VF."
I think the RIC frequency rating of 'rare' really underestimates the rarity of the type.
Fantastic old cabinet toning on a large 20mm flan. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0690 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 2.71g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESP; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS III across field; Laurel trees, two upright
RIC 690 (R2). BMC p. 28 note. RSC 47. BNC 122.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.
A rare denarius which is somewhat rare for Vespasian and extremely rare for Titus. The reverse is a restoration of of a similar type minted by Augustus. The two laurel trees represent the two planted at Augustus' door.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0692 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.19g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESP; Head of Titus, bearded, laureate, r.
Rev: PONTIF TR P COS III; Titus std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 692 (R). BMC -. RSC 161a. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.
This reverse type was shared with Vespasian. Note the reverse legend is PONTIF lacking MAXIM, which was reserved for the emperor alone; however, a hybrid of the type is known (see my RIC V554).
A snarling Titus is shown here. Good metal.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0693 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.23g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESP; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF TR P COS III; Caduceus, winged
RIC 693 (R). BMC 152. RSC 159. BNC 125.
Acquired from Imperial Coins, June 2011.
Worn but decent example of a rare early denarius of Titus. The major devices are clear and the portrait isn't too shabby. Better in hand of course.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0694 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.57g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESP; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF TR POT; Winged caduceus, upright
RIC 694 (R2). BMC p. 29, *. RSC 167. BNC 130.
Acquired from A. G. & S. Gillis, April 2007.
A reverse type Titus Caesar shared with Vespasian. The caduceus symbolises commercial prosperity and may be associated with the censorship. (BMCRE p. xxxvii)
Not in the BM's collection, but noted in the catalog. A fairly rare variant of the type. Good metal, wonderful early portrait, and in good condition (Titus' beard is visible).David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0695 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.16g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESP; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF TR POT; Titus std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 695 (R3, this coin). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Andrew Short Collection, acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, January 2020. Ex Stack's Bowers Galleries NYINC Auction, 11-12 January 2019, Lot 41066 (part).
An extremely rare Titus Caesar denarius struck in 74. Rated with a frequency of R3 (unique) in RIC, although since its publication another specimen has surfaced (Pegasi 152, lot 335). The reverse, shared with Vespasian, echos the famous Tribute Penny of Tiberius. Why is it so fabulously rare? The uncommon obverse legend combined with this particular reverse legend and type creates a variant that apparently was fleetingly struck. The numismatic equivalent of the planets aligning just right. This is the RIC plate coin (BM file).David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0700 VespasianAR Denarius, 2.68g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: OB CIVES SERVATOS around oak wreath
RIC 700 (R2). BMC p. 7 †. RSC 275. BNC -.
Ex Private Collection.
A very rare variant of the oak wreath type struck for Vespasian in 74. The much more common variants of this type have SPQR within the oak wreath. Alternately, here we have the legend OB CIVES SERVATOS around the wreath: OB CIVES above; SERVATOS below. This variant is so rare Mattingly citing Cohen in BMCRE stated in a footnote that this type needed verification. Curiously, in the RIC concordance with the first edition, this type is listed as old RIC 17 'Unverified: plated hybrid?' (again citing Cohen) without a new corresponding RIC number even though it is in the catalogue as RIC 700 with no such disclaimers. My example possibly has evidence of being plated; however, the flaking and cracking on the surface could just be due to preservation issues, the style is consistent with official denarii, and it is a double die match with the similarly worn RIC plate coin which shows no signs of plating. Additionally, Curtis Clay has an example from different dies that is solid silver.
The corona civica was originally a military honour bestowed upon a Roman who had saved a fellow citizen's life in battle. It was one of the greatest public honours. In the imperial era the honour developed from a coveted military decoration into an imperial emblem granted by the Senate to the emperor. The wreath was made of oak leaves and is sometimes called a corona quercea after the common name for the oak. The Wreath was awarded to Vespasian by the Senate for rescuing the Roman people from civil war and bringing about peace.
NB: The coin was originally posted here in 2015: https://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/index.php?topic=103696.0David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0702 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.39g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS V; Vespasian, togate, seated r. on curule chair, feet on stool, holding vertical sceptre in r. hand and branch extended in l.
RIC 702 (C). BMC 136. RSC 364. BNC 110.
Acquired from Barry P. Murphy, March 2004.
A coin that represents the Emperor as peace-bringer.
This reverse type brings to mind Tiberius' famous "tribute penny". The figure here is male, not female however.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0703 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.48g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR - VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS V; Winged, caduceus, upright.
RIC 703 (C2). BMC 138. RSC 362. BNC 113.
A fairly good example of a common type.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0705 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.29g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESPASIAN; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF TR P COS III; Titus std. r. on curule chair, with sceptre and branch
RIC 705 (R). BMC 150. RSC 161. BNC 123.
Acquired from Roma Numismatics, January 2009.
This reverse echos the Tribute Penny reverse of Tiberius. A fairly difficult coin to locate, rated rare by the RIC.
Not in the best of conditions, but I like the portrait and it is well-centered.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0706 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]AR Denarius, 3.50g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP VESPASIAN; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: PONTIF TR P COS III; Caduceus, winged
RIC 706 (R). BMC 151. RSC 160. BNC 124.
Ex Dianacoins, eBay, July 2008.
A rare type that took a bit of patience for me to find. This specimen is cut in a fine style with a lot of the detail surviving the intervening 2000 years...even the beard can clearly be seen.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0710 VespasianAR Quinarius, 1.45g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVSTI; Victory adv. r., with wreath and palm
RIC 710 (R). BMC 142. RSC 613. BNC 116.
Ex eBay, January 2017.
The quinarius during Vespasian's reign was always struck with one of two standard 'Victory' types (seated or advancing) traditionally assigned to the denomination from Republican times. The historical nature of the reverse is in complete keeping with the programme of antiquarian types Rome was coining during the reign.
In decent condition with hints of rainbow toning on the obverse. A superb portrait and stylish reverse for such a small coin.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0715 VespasianÆ Dupondius, 10.55g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M T P COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, radiate, r.
Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas stg. l., with caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 715 (C2). BMC 696. BNC 712.
Acquired from Aegean Numismatics, August 2018.
A decently sized bronze coinage was struck for Vespasian in 74. The Felicitas on the reverse symbolises the prosperity and abundance Vespasian has brought to the empire. It is easily one of the commonest reverse types of the issue.
Well centred with a few marks on the reverse.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0716 VespasianÆ Dupondius, 12.85g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M TP COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, radiate, l.
Obv: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas stg. l., with caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 716 (C2). BMC 698. BNC 714.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, May 2021.
Felicitas was by far the most common type struck on the dupondius during Vespasian's reign. Here she symbolises the abundance and prosperity the emperor has brought to the empire.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0720 VespasianÆ As, 9.67g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: AEQVITAS AVGVST; S C in field; Aequitas stg. l., with scales and rod
RIC 720 (C). BMC 700. BNC 715.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, April 2023.
Aequitas on Vespasian's coinage proclaims the honest administration of public finances and lapsed standards would be restored. Aequitas holding her scales and measuring rod was probably based on a cult image of the deity. The Aequitas type was quite common on the asses under Vespasian for all three Flavians. This specimen struck for Vespasian in 74 is rated as 'common' in RIC.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0726 VespasianÆ As, 10.24g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 726 (C). BMC p. 161 *. BNC 718.
Acquired from NumisCorner, February 2022.
After the recently concluded Judaean and Civil wars, Pax in her various guises was a major theme for Vespasian's coinage. The Pax leaning on a column type is likely based on a cult image while the legend 'PAX AVGVST' advertises the emperor as peacemaker. This variant struck in 74 is fairly common but surprisingly missing from the BM.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0727 Vespasian VariantÆ As, 9.73g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAES VESP AVG COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, l.
Rev: PAX AVGVST; S C in field; Pax stg. l., leaning on column, with caduceus and branch
RIC 727 var. (obv. head r.). BMC -. BNC 719 var. (same).
Acquired from eBay, November 2019. Ex Incitatus Coins.
An unpublished As struck for Vespasian in 74. The obverse legend IMP CAES VESP AVG P M T P COS V CENS is a rare variant of the much more common obv legend which reads CAESAR for this issue. It is unrecorded with a left facing portrait paired with the PAX AVGVST reverse. Unlisted in the RIC II.1 Addenda.
David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0730 VespasianÆ As, 10.91g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: S C in field; Spes stg. l., with flower
RIC 730 (C). BMC 703. BNC 721.
Acquired from Roman Coin Shop, September 2018. Ex Könker eLive Auction 40, 18 May 2016, lot 7566.
Spes is a common reverse type struck repeatedly throughout the Flavian era, she is mostly associated with Domitian in both silver and bronze. Here Spes represents Vespasian's hope for a happy dynastic future. The depiction of Spes raising skirt and holding a flower likely copies a familiar cult statue of the goddess.
Bold portrait in good metal. A very attractive coin in hand.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0731 VespasianÆ As, 7.44g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, l.
Rev: S C in field; Spes stg. l., with flower
RIC 731 (C). BMC -. BNC 722.
Acquired from Rudnik Numismatics, June 2021.
Although rated as 'common' in RIC, this left facing portrait variant is missing from the BM. Perhaps slightly rarer than right facing?David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0734 VespasianÆ As, 10.91g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESP AVG COS V CENS; Head of Vespasian, laureate, l.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVST; S C in field; Victory stg. r. on prow, with wreath and palm
RIC 734 (C). BMC 705. BNC 724.
Acquired from eBay, January 2023. Formerly in NGC holder #6556188-007, grade VG.
A generic Victory on prow type struck when Vespasian held the joint censorship with Titus, which is advertised in the obverse legend. This Victory type would be repeatedly struck throughout Vespasian's reign, the prow possibly alluding to 'Victory at sea'. Some collectors and dealers refer to this as a 'Judaea Capta' type, although there is not an explicit connection. This variant is rated 'common' by the new RIC II.1.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0736 VespasianÆ Quadrans, 2.79g
Rome Mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP VESPASIAN AVG; Rudder on globe
Rev: P M TR P P P COS V; S C in field; Caduceus, winged
RIC 736 (R). BMC 706. BNC 726.
Acquired from The Time Machine, eBay, May 2020.
The quadrans in the early imperial period typically lacked an imperial portrait. Tariffed at a quarter of an As, the denomination was possibly deemed too lowly by mint officials to warrant a portrait. They were struck haphazardly and functioned primarily as an urban low value coinage in Rome and central Italy. The quadrans was the typical fee for entry into the baths, a urinal, or for a tryst in a cheap brothel. Being of rather low value quadrantes were not typically hoarded and thus are relatively scarce today being virtually absent from site finds outside central and south-central Italy (in contrast, over 1,827 quadrantes have been found at Pompeii). The rudder on globe can be explained as a symbol of the 'rector orbis' and its pairing with the winged caduceus 'points to the commercial prosperity brought by good government' (BMC II, pp. li, and liii). The COS V issue is the first appearance of the type under Vespasian.
Dark reddish brown patina and nicely centred. A decent example of the type! David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0742 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 13.58g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP COS III CENS; Head of Titus, radiate, bearded, r.
Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA; S C in field; Felicitas stg. l., with caduceus and cornucopiae
RIC 742 (C). BMC 707. BNC 729.
Acquired from AE-Collections, May 2023.
Felicitas on the reverse symbolises the prosperity and abundance the Flavian dynasty has brought to the empire. The type was struck for all three Flavians under Vespasian and is certainly one of the more abundant reverse types of the reign.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0744 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 10.00g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP COS III CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: AEQVITAS AVGVST; S C in field; Aequitas stg. l., with scales and rod
RIC 744 (R). BMC -. BNC 731.
Acquired from Civitas Galleries, July 2021.
Aequitas holding her scales and measuring rod was probably based on a cult image of the deity. She first shows up as an imperial virtue on the coinage under Galba. Not a common type for Titus Caesar. Missing from the BM collection. The rich dark copper toning is quite fetching in hand. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0753 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ As, 8.02g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T CAESAR IMP COS III CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIA AVGVST; S C in field; Victory stg. r. on prow, with wreath and palm
RIC 753 (R). BMC p. 163 †. BNC 734.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, January 2020.
A rare variant of the common Victory on prow struck in 74. Missing from the BM's collection. This Victory type was a fairly popular generic design with the prow possibly lending a nautical theme, perhaps alluding to a successful ongoing Flavian naval policy. It was sparingly struck for this issue.
Well centred on good metal.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0756 VespasianÆ Dupondius, 12.00g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIAN AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON•MAX•TR•POT•P•P•COS V CENS•; Winged caduceus between crossed cornuacopiae
RIC 756 (C). BMC 886. BNC 904. RPC 1982 (3 spec.).
Acquired from CGB.fr, September 2020.
Traditionally, the issue this rather strange laureate dupondius is from has been attributed to various different mints over the years. It has been attributed to Commagene (BMCRE II, pp.217-222) and Antioch (e.g. RPC II 1982-2005). T. Buttrey writing in the RIC II.1 unpublished A&C explains - 'The correct attribution to Rome is proved by mules of the dupondii with regular issues (Buttrey, “Vespasian’s Roman Orichalcum: An Unrecognized Celebratory Coinage” in David M. Jacobson and Nikos Kokkinos, Judaea and Rome in Coins, 65 CBE – 135 CE (2012). The series had nothing to do with Syria or with the East at all, yet it was purposefully designed to appear non-Roman: the suppression of the traditional reverse sub-inscription S C throughout; the suppression of the radiate crown of the Dupondius; the shifting of the consular dating from the obv. to the rev.; the striking of all four denominations in orichalcum; and most obviously the selection of rev. dies which reek of the East. There is nothing like this series in the whole of Roman imperial coinage. It is a deliberate act of Orientalism, imposing the flavour of the East on a Western coinage.'
This is the less common right facing portrait variant, seemingly struck at a 1:2 ratio against the left facing.
Fine style and good clean brassy surfaces.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0759 VespasianÆ Dupondius, 14.46g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, l.
Rev: PON•MAX•TR•POT•P•P•COS•V CENS; Winged caduceus between crossed cornuacopiae
RIC 759 (C). BMC p. 219 note. RPC 1983 (6 spec.). BNC 905.
Ex eBay, 16 October 2018. Ex Klassische Münzen.
Traditionally, the issue this rather strange dupondius is from has been attributed to various different mints over the years. Ted Buttrey writing in the RIC II.1 Addenda commented extensively on it. Because both the Addenda has yet to see the light of day and T. Buttrey's thoughts on the subject are important (and indeed likely correct), I have largely quoted it in full here with some minor editing.
'RIC 756-767 are irregular Dupondii, which should be taken together with Asses, semisses and quadrantes (RIC 1564-1581), forming together a single extraordinary issue in four denominations, distinct in typology and metal, as well as overall character from the regular coinage of the year. Although Eastern in aspect and reverse type, the circulation area of the dupondii is almost exclusively Gaul, Germany, Italy – i.e. the West, with scarcely any penetration of the East. Finds of the smaller denominations are rarely attested anywhere, East or West. The Eastern finds appear to be simply the débris of Mediterranean circulation.
Previously the series had been attributed to Commagene (BMCRE II, pp.217-222), then as a likelihood to Antioch (e.g. RPC II 1982-2005). The correct attribution to Rome is proved by mules of the dupondii with regular issues (Buttrey, “Vespasian’s Roman Orichalcum: An Unrecognized Celebratory Coinage” in David M. Jacobson and Nikos Kokkinos, Judaea and Rome in Coins, 65 CBE – 135 CE (2012). The series had nothing to do with Syria or with the East at all, yet it was purposefully designed to appear non-Roman: the suppression of the traditional reverse sub-inscription S C throughout; the suppression of the radiate crown of the Dupondius; the shifting of the consular dating from the obv. to the rev.; the striking of all four denominations in orichalcum; and most obviously the selection of rev. dies which reek of the East.
There is nothing like this series in the whole of Roman imperial coinage. It is a deliberate act of Orientalism, imposing the flavour of the East on a Western coinage. The key to its understanding is the reverse type of the dupondius, two crossed cornuacopiae with a winged caduceus between. It replicates the type of an obscure issue of the Galilean city of Sepphoris, an issue which had been, astonishingly, signed by Vespasian himself (ΕΠΙ ΟΥΕCΠΑCΙΑΝΟΥ, “on the authority of…”) when on duty there in the last days of Nero. The dupondius-sized bronze was accompanied by a half-unit with the type of a large, central S C – again signed by Vespasian, and now imitated on the As of the orichalcum series with the wreath of the As of Antioch (RPC I 4849-50).
The whole of this series memorializes not Vespasian the conquering general (IVDAEA CAPTA, VICTORIA AVGVSTI), but the man. His re-use of earlier coin types is well-known; here he re-uses his own, harking back to his career just prior to his final success in seizing the empire. And the series was struck in 74 A.D., co-terminous with the celebration of Vespasian’s first quinquennium.'
The coin itself is a superb example in very fine style. Beautiful dark golden patina with highlights of emerald green. David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0761 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 10.82g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T•CAESAR•IMP•PONT; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: TR•POT•COS III•CENSOR•; Winged caduceus between crossed cornuacopiae
RIC 761 (C). BMC 891. BNC 907. RPC 1991 (2 spec.).
Ex LNE, eBay, 5 August 2020. Formerly in NGC holder 5769771-013, grade 'F'.
A truly remarkable Titus Caesar dupondius struck in Rome under Vespasian, but lacking the traditional radiate portrait on the obverse and the de rigueur S C on the reverse. The reverse with crossed cornucopiae echoes similar types from the East. Traditionally, the issue this rather strange coin is from has been attributed to various different mints over the years. However, hoard and findspot data indicates these coins circulated in the Western empire and not in the East. Ted Buttrey in the RIC II.1 A&C wrote - 'RIC 756-767 are irregular Dupondii, which should be taken together with Asses, semisses and quadrantes (RIC 1564-1581), forming together a single extraordinary issue in four denominations, distinct in typology and metal, as well as overall character from the regular coinage of the year. Although Eastern in aspect and reverse type, the circulation area of the dupondii is almost exclusively Gaul, Germany, Italy – i.e. the West, with scarcely any penetration of the East. Finds of the smaller denominations are rarely attested anywhere, East or West. The Eastern finds appear to be simply the débris of Mediterranean circulation.'
Why was an Eastern flavoured coinage struck for circulation in the West? Perhaps it may be nothing more than Vespasian paying homage to that part of the world that elevated him. This example is the slightly more common right facing portrait, although only 2 specimens are cited from the 'core collections' in RPC.
Fetching dark brown patina in fine style.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0762 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian]Æ Dupondius, 11.90g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T•CAESAR•IMP•PONT; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, l.
Rev: TR•POT•COS III•CENSOR•; Winged caduceus between crossed cornuacopiae
RIC 762 (R2). BMC -. BNC 909. RPC 1992 (1 spec.).
Acquired from Aegean Numismatics, July 2020.
A truly remarkable dupondius. Struck in Rome, but lacking the traditional radiate portrait on the obverse and the de rigueur S C on the reverse. The reverse with crossed cornucopiae echoes similar types from the East. Traditionally, the issue this rather strange coin is from has been attributed to various different mints over the years. Ted Buttrey writing in the RIC II.1 Addenda commented extensively on it. Because both the Addenda has yet to see the light of day and T. Buttrey's thoughts on the subject are important, I have largely quoted it in full here with some minor editing.
'RIC 756-767 are irregular Dupondii, which should be taken together with Asses, semisses and quadrantes (RIC 1564-1581), forming together a single extraordinary issue in four denominations, distinct in typology and metal, as well as overall character from the regular coinage of the year. Although Eastern in aspect and reverse type, the circulation area of the dupondii is almost exclusively Gaul, Germany, Italy – i.e. the West, with scarcely any penetration of the East. Finds of the smaller denominations are rarely attested anywhere, East or West. The Eastern finds appear to be simply the débris of Mediterranean circulation.
Previously the series had been attributed to Commagene (BMCRE II, pp.217-222), then as a likelihood to Antioch (e.g. RPC II 1982-2005). The correct attribution to Rome is proved by mules of the dupondii with regular issues (Buttrey, “Vespasian’s Roman Orichalcum: An Unrecognized Celebratory Coinage” in David M. Jacobson and Nikos Kokkinos, Judaea and Rome in Coins, 65 CBE – 135 CE (2012). The series had nothing to do with Syria or with the East at all, yet it was purposefully designed to appear non-Roman: the suppression of the traditional reverse sub-inscription S C throughout; the suppression of the radiate crown of the Dupondius; the shifting of the consular dating from the obv. to the rev.; the striking of all four denominations in orichalcum; and most obviously the selection of rev. dies which reek of the East.
There is nothing like this series in the whole of Roman imperial coinage. It is a deliberate act of Orientalism, imposing the flavour of the East on a Western coinage. The key to its understanding is the reverse type of the dupondius, two crossed cornuacopiae with a winged caduceus between. It replicates the type of an obscure issue of the Galilean city of Sepphoris, an issue which had been, astonishingly, signed by Vespasian himself (ΕΠΙ ΟΥΕCΠΑCΙΑΝΟΥ, “on the authority of…”) when on duty there in the last days of Nero. The dupondius-sized bronze was accompanied by a half-unit with the type of a large, central S C – again signed by Vespasian, and now imitated on the As of the orichalcum series with the wreath of the As of Antioch (RPC I 4849-50).
The whole of this series memorializes not Vespasian the conquering general (IVDAEA CAPTA, VICTORIA AVGVSTI), but the man. His re-use of earlier coin types is well-known; here he re-uses his own, harking back to his career just prior to his final success in seizing the empire. And the series was struck in 74 A.D., co-terminous with the celebration of Vespasian’s first quinquennium.'
Curtis Clay has a few objections to Buttrey's theory as to why the issue was struck: 'As far as I am aware, there is nothing "astonishing" about Vespasian's "signing" of the two coins of Sepphoris. EΠI followed by the governor's name appeared frequently on Roman provincial coins, meaning simply, "Struck while the man named was governor". So there was no evident reason for Vespasian to consider it extraordinary that he had been named as governor of Syria on coins of Sepphoris struck for Nero near the end of his reign (Year 14), and no evident reason why he should have referred to the Sepphoris coins in his orichalcum issue struck at Rome five years later. It seems quite probable that Vespasian never even noticed his name on the coins of Sepphoris, and certainly very few Romans in the West will ever have seen such a coin, though Buttrey thinks the orichalcum coins were struck for circulation in the West in 74 in order to recall precisely those Sepphoris coins with their reference to Vespasian some months before his accession. Why waste coin types on references that were inconsequential, and that nobody was likely to comprehend?'
If Buttrey's argument is wrong it brings us back to the original question - why was an Eastern flavoured coinage struck for circulation in the West? Perhaps it may be nothing more than Vespasian paying homage to the part of the world that elevated him. This is a fairly rare example with left facing portrait, which, ironically, in this series are much more commonly struck for Vespasian than for Titus Caesar. Missing from the BM and only one example cited in RPC.
Dark patina and fine style.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0767 Titus as Caesar [Vespasian] MuleÆ Dupondius, 10.82g
Rome mint, 74 AD
Obv: T•CAESAR•IMP•COS III•CENS; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: TR•POT•COS III•CENSOR•; Winged caduceus between crossed cornuacopiae
RIC 767 (R). BMC 892. BNC 908.
Acquired from Finest Coins and Relics, eBay, September 2021. Formerly in NGC holder #5872785-003, grade F.
A truly remarkable Titus Caesar dupondius struck in Rome under Vespasian, but lacking the traditional radiate portrait on the obverse and the de rigueur S C on the reverse. The reverse with crossed cornucopiae echoes similar types from the East. Traditionally, the issue this rather strange coin is from has been attributed to various different mints over the years. However, hoard and findspot data indicates these coins circulated in the Western empire and not in the East. Ted Buttrey in the RIC II.1 A&C wrote - 'RIC 756-767 are irregular Dupondii, which should be taken together with Asses, semisses and quadrantes (RIC 1564-1581), forming together a single extraordinary issue in four denominations, distinct in typology and metal, as well as overall character from the regular coinage of the year. Although Eastern in aspect and reverse type, the circulation area of the dupondii is almost exclusively Gaul, Germany, Italy – i.e. the West, with scarcely any penetration of the East. Finds of the smaller denominations are rarely attested anywhere, East or West. The Eastern finds appear to be simply the débris of Mediterranean circulation.'
This specimen has the additional feature of being a mint mule combining an obverse intended for Titus Caesar's previous bronze issue with a 'Syrian' reverse. In all likely hood both issues were struck contemporaneously.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0772 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.40g
Rome Mint, 75 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS VI; Pax, bare to the waist, seated l., holding branch extended in r. hand, l. hand on lap
RIC 772 (C3). BMC 161. RSC 366. BNC 139.
Acquired from Old Roman Coins, March 2003.
One of Vespasian's most common Pax types continuing a major theme in his coinage of peace and prosperity, courtesy of the Flavian house. Probably the most common denarius type struck for Vespasian.
This coin has sentimental value for being the first Flavian denarius I ever purchased. A nice one at that too.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0773 VespasianAR Denarius, 2.89g
Rome Mint, 75 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, bare, l.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS VI; Pax, bare to the waist, seated l., holding branch extended in r. hand, l. hand on lap
RIC 773 (R3). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from eBay, November 2017.
Here is an interesting situation of an extremely rare obverse paired with the most common reverse type ever struck for Vespasian's denarii. The Pax type with the common laureate right portrait was struck in vast quantities to commemorate the opening of the Temple of peace. The bare head left portraits are seen sparingly (Buttrey - 'Fleetingly') on the denarii of 75 and 76 exclusively with the seated Pax reverse. This denarius is the second known specimen of the exceedingly rare bare head COS VI Pax from 75. Unsurprisingly, it shares obverse dies with the unique specimen cited in RIC. The bare head portraits seem to have been the experimental work of one engraver operating at the mint in 75/76. Too bad this portrait variant didn't catch on, it has a delightfully attractive spare elegance.
Struck in fine style and in good metal.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0774 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.36g
Rome Mint, 75 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS VI; Securitas, bare to the waist, seated l., feet on stool, r. arm bent and resting on head, l. arm on side of chair
RIC 774 (C). BMC 165. RSC 367. BNC 141.
Acquired from David L. Tranbarger, March 2006.
This type is commonly confused with the similar Pax reverse from the same issue. Securitas' raised arm differnates it from Pax. Frequency rating of 'common' in RIC, although scarce in trade.
A well toned example of a hard to find reverse.David Atherton
|
|
RIC 0776 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.27g
Rome Mint, 75 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: PON MAX TR P COS VI; Victory, draped, holding wreath extended in r. hand and palm upright in l., standing l. on 'cista mystica', on either side of which is a snake, coiling up on it's tail, facing inwardly
RIC 776 (R). BMC 169. RSC 369. BNC 144.
Ex Harlan J. Berk BBS 145, 14 September 2005, lot 232.
A reverse type that may have been minted for distribution in the Eastern provinces to compensate for the recent closings of the Imperial mints in that region.
David Atherton
|
|
|
|
|
