Classical Numismatics Discussion - Members' Coin Gallery
  Welcome Guest. Please login or register. Share Your Collection With Your Friends And With The World!!! A FREE Service Provided By Forum Ancient Coins No Limit To The Number Of Coins You Can Add - More Is Better!!! Is Your Coin The Best Of Type? Add It And Compete For The Title Have You Visited An Ancient Site - Please Share Your Photos!!! Use The Members' Coin Gallery As A Reference To Identify Your Coins Please Visit Our Shop And Find A Coin To Add To Your Gallery Today!!!

Member Collections | Members' Gallery Home | Login | Album list | Last uploads | Last comments | Most viewed | Top rated | My Favorites | Search
Home > Members' Coin Collection Galleries > David Atherton > 3. The Reign of Domitian - Imperial Coins

D281.jpg
RIC 281 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 26.14g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in exergue; Domitian stg. r., clasping hands over altar with officer stg. l.; behind officer, one soldier with standard and one soldier at r. with spear and shield
RIC 281 (R). BMC 301. BNC 321.
Acquired from Olding, MA Shops, June 2019 = Olding, List 96, March 2019, Sammlung Fritz Reusing, no. 182. From the collection of Fritz Reusing (1874-1956), acquired from the Heynen Collection; inherited and continued by Reusing's nephew Paul Schürer (1890-1976).

In 85 Domitian struck a fairly impressive issue of sestertii, M. Grant hyperbolically called it the most 'ambitious' of any one reign or year. The series is the first major aes issue of Domitian's reign and is dominated by panoramic types commemorating his greatest military victory over the Germanic tribe the Chatti. The Germanic triumph received a certain amount of ridicule from ancient writers who thought the whole thing was a sham (Dio goes so far as to say Domitian raided the palace's furniture stores for his fake spoils!), no doubt the numismatic propaganda for the victory was likely viewed in the same manner by contemporary senatorial elites. This rare sestertius depicts a rather ambiguous scene showing Domitian, the much larger figure on the left, clasping hands with a legate over an altar while two legionaries stand by. What exactly is going on here is a mystery. Mattingly in BMCRE II believed it to be 'the taking of the sacramentum, the military oath'. Others have postulated the scene shows Domitian greeting Agricola upon his return from Britannia. The Agricola connection is highly unlikely. The type is struck for several more years, so it cannot be referring to one single 'event'. It's an intriguing scene in the context of the Germania Capta series, perhaps depicting a post victory ceremony. Whatever the meaning, the reverse strongly underscores Domitian's bond with the military.

This wonderful old cabinet toned piece is from the collection of the German portrait painter Fritz Reusing.

4 commentsDavid Atherton
D287.jpg
RIC 287 DomitianÆ Dupondius, 10.62g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: ANNONA AVG; S C in exergue; Annona, std r., holding open on lap by two ends bag full of corn-ears; in front of her stands a small figure, l., also holding two ends of bag, and in the background, stern of ship
RIC 287 (R). BMC 305. BNC -.
Acquired from London Ancient Coins, November 2020.

A most curious reverse type was struck for Domitian on his dupondii for a short period between 84-88. Here we see Annona seated holding open a bag(?) of corn-ears and a mysterious small figure standing before her holding the other end of the bag with a ship's stern in the background. Overall, the reverse likely alludes to Domitian's care of the corn supply, hinted at by the stern, here a symbol of the all important African grain ships. The small individual before Annona has variously been described as a 'boy', a 'child', or ambiguously as just a 'figure'. H. Mattingly has the most imaginative explanation in BMCRE II - 'Annona herself, the spirit of the corn-supply, and the ship, the symbol of the overseas corn, are familiar: but who is the small figure who stands before her? He is certainly no child, but only a man reduced to tiny proportions beside the goddess; and the fact that he is bare to the waist may suggest that he is an Italian farmer. If this interpretation is right, the type records a definite policy of Domitian to encourage the growing of corn in Italy.' Mattingly may be correct about the overall meaning, but I think the figure is indeed a child, symbolic of the emperor's care, through Annona's auspices, for his subjects. Rare variant with aegis.


3 commentsDavid Atherton
D291a.jpg
RIC 291 DomitianÆ Dupondius, 12.16g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: FORTVNAE AVGVSTI; S C in field; Fortuna stg. l., with rudder and cornucopiae
RIC 291 (C). BMC -. BNC 329 var. (bust without aegis).
Acquired from CGB.fr, August 2022.

This common Fortuna type was repeatedly struck throughout Domitian's reign on his middle bronze coins from 85 onwards. She also fleetingly showed up on the denarius in 82. Mattingly calls this Fortuna 'the special Fortuna that watches over the imperial office'. Suetonius writes that near the end of Domitian's reign on 1 January 96 'The Fortuna of Praeneste, which throughout the whole time he was emperor had habitually given him a happy and virtually the same answer to him whenever he entrusted the new year to her care, finally gave a most gloomy answer - and not without the mention of blood.' This is her first appearance on Domitian's bronze coinage. Missing from both the BM and Paris collections with aegis portrait.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D295a.jpg
RIC 295 DomitianÆ Dupondius, 13.50g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Trophy; to l., German captive std. l.; to r., Germania std. r.
RIC 295 (C). BMC 310. BNC 332.
Acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, October 2019. Ex Edgar L. Owen.

A 'Germania Capta' dupondius struck during Domitian's first issue of 85, the first bronze issue that fully celebrated the German victory. The war with the German tribe the Chatti likely took place in either 82 or 83. Domitian acquired the title 'Germanicus' in 83, the year of his German triumph. Why it took so long for these achievements to be commemorated on the bronze coinage is a mystery. Perhaps the bronze mint was not in full operation until 85? The motif of the reverse design closely follows the 'Judaea Capta' types of Vespasian (who in turn copied it from well known republican types). The trunk of the trophy even resembles a palm. The 'Germania Capta' types would be struck for only a few short years between 85-88.

Beautiful dark olive green patina.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D297.jpg
RIC 297 DomitianÆ Dupondius, 13.36g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r.
Rev: VICTORIAE AVGVSTI; S C in field; Victory stg. l., inscribing shield set on trophy to l., and holding palm
RIC 297 (R). BMC -. BNC 334.
Acquired CGB.fr, June 2021.

A 'Germania Capta' dupondius struck during Domitian's first issue of 85, the first bronze issue that fully celebrated the German victory. The war with the German tribe the Chatti likely took place in either 82 or 83 and Domitian acquired the title 'Germanicus' in 83, the year of his German triumph. Why it took so long for these achievements to be commemorated on the bronze coinage is a mystery. Perhaps the bronze mint was not in full operation due to reorganisation until 85. These 'Germania Capta' types would be produced for only a few years between 85-88. This Victory inscribing shield was struck somewhat commonly for the dupondii and sparingly for the asses. The motif was borrowed, with some minor modifications, from Vespasian's coinage. Rare lacking aegis portrait and missing from the BM.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D302.jpg
RIC 302 Domitian Æ As, 11.64g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IOVI CONSERVAT; S C in field; Jupiter stg. l., with thunderbolt and sceptre
RIC 302 (C). BMC 315A. BNC 336.
Ex Originalskincoins, eBay, January 2024.

Domitian's bronze mint after a brief hiatus in 83 returned the following year with a slate of new reverse designs. This relatively scarce type showing a standing Jupiter appears for the first time on the asses in 84. It would later be discontinued after 86. With the legend IOVI CONSERVAT, it symbolises the god as Domitian's divine protector. Although rated as 'common' in RIC, this variety of the type struck in 85 is not often encountered in trade. The portrait is a fine example of the Rome mint's superb mid-period Domitianic style.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D305a.jpg
RIC 305 DomitianÆ As, 11.23g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: SALVTI above, AVGVSTI below; S C in exergue; Altar
RIC 305 (C3). BMC 316. BNC 339.
Acquired from eBay, January 2023.

The SALVTI AVGVSTI altar type was first introduced on Domitian's aes coinage in 84 after a brief hiatus of the Senatorial mint's production in 82-83, presumably for re-organisational purposes. This earliest version of the type has the legend starting at the lower left, later issues would place the legend above and below the altar, as seen on this coin. The structure on the reverse has been traditionally described as an altar, however, Marvin Tameanko has convincingly argued it is actually a sacellum, or small shrine. He states the steps at the base leading to two doors with handles are overwhelming evidence that the structure was much larger than an altar. As far as the shrine's significance - H. Mattingly in BMCRE II interprets the type as commemorating the Senate's dedication of an altar shrine celebrating Domitian's safe return from the Germanic Wars of 82-83. Alternately, the shrine may have been dedicated as an appeal to Salus for the emperor's continued good health. Tameanko attributed the reverse to Domitian's hypochondria. In any case, no trace of the shrine has survived antiquity.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D316-.jpg
RIC 316 DomitianÆ Quadrans, 3.07g
Rome Mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI; Bust of Ceres, wearing wreath of corn ears, draped, l.
Rev: S C in field; Basket with corn ears
RIC 316 (C). BMC -. BNC 347.
Acquired from CGB.fr, December 2020.

Small bronzes such as the quadrans were likely used in minor transactions by the plebs and sported very simple designs with popular motifs, often lacking an imperial portrait. Ceres briefly appeared on the obverse of Domitian's quadrantes in 85-86. She frequently was paired with an appropriate reverse design, such as a basket of corn ears as seen on this example. Some seller's erroneously refer to the obverse as Domitia. Incredibly, this bust left variant is missing from the extensive BM collection.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D323.jpg
RIC 323 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.36g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENSORIA POTESTAT P P; Minverva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 323 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Heritage Auction 232117, 28-29 April 2021, lot 65186. Formerly in NGC holder #5749336-008, grade VF.

An extremely rare denarius from the second issue of 85, struck before Domitian reformed the precious metal coinage once again by slightly lowering the silver fineness after raising it to nearly 100% in 82. This was also the first denarius issue produced after Domitian assumed the censorship (given right to conduct census), note the full spelling of the title in the reverse legend.
5 commentsDavid Atherton
D328.jpg
RIC 328 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.35g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POTES P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 328 (R2). BMC (spec. acquired 1987). RSC -. BNC -.
Purportedly found in the Alsace Region of France.

This coin is part of the 3rd issue of 85 (arguably the rarest issue of the year) and the last struck before Domitian reformed the precious metal coinage once again by slightly lowering the fineness. Very few examples from this issue are known, the Germania type surprisingly being the most common. An obverse and reverse die match with the RIC plate coin in the BM as well. This specimen is from the Alsace Region, an area of much military activity early in Domitian's reign.

A beautiful denarius struck in the fine high style of 85 on a large (21mm) flan.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D331sm.jpg
RIC 331 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.20g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POTES P P; Germania seated r. on shield; below, broken spear
RIC 331 (R2). BMC 82. RSC 181. BNC 84.
Ex Roma Auction V, 23 March 2013, lot 728.

In either 82 or 83 AD Domitian conducted a census of Gaul as a smoke screen in order to make preparations to invade the Germanic Chatti lands across the Rhine. Not much is known of what the actual war consisted of - perhaps some road building, punitive raids against Chatti strongholds, and some minor skirmishes. No large battles, a la Mons Graupius, have come down to us, prompting Tacitus' assertion, 'that in recent times, the Germans were more triumphed over than conquered'. Even the date of the conflict is in dispute - although Domitian did rack up four salutations between June 83 and September 84, several of which must be attributed to the Chattan Campaign.

Domitian celebrated a triumph over the Chatti in 83, after which he claimed the title 'Germanicus'. This rare denarius from 85 is a record of the war and triumph over the defeated German tribe. The coin is part of the last series of denarii minted with the recently increased silver fineness before the lesser Neronian standard was restored. During this period particular attention was paid by the die engravers to Domitian's portrait, evidenced here by the aegis and fine style. The Germania Capta reverse has become an iconic Flavian type, along with Vespasian and Titus' Judaea Capta types, despite the 'hollow' triumph it records.

A most wonderful coin in hand!
10 commentsDavid Atherton
D332.jpg
RIC 332 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.36g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 332 (R2). BMC 78. RSC 179a. BNC -.
Ex Jyrki Muona Collection.

This denarius was minted in 85 AD right after Domitian slightly lowered the fineness of his denarii to Neronian standards. He had previously in 82 raised the standard of the denarius to the levels set by Augustus but apparently financially could not maintain those standards. The coins were still minted at a higher standard than those under Vespasian or Titus and would remain so until the end of his reign.

This coin also illustrates the high artistic standards Domitian demanded of his die engravers. The addition of the aegis along with the fine style idealistic portrait shows the care the mint took in the minting of these coins.

The surface is slightly porous and the reverse faintly double struck but the overall eye appeal I believe overcomes all that.
7 commentsDavid Atherton
D333aa.JPG
RIC 333 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.19g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 333 (R2). BMC specimen acquired 1987. RSC 180. BNC 80.
Acquired from Germania Inferior, January 2018.

In 82 Domitian increased the silver fineness of the denarius to nearly 100% purity. Three years later in mid 85 the fineness was again adjusted, this time downward to c. 90%, presumably for monetary or fiscal reasons. Domitian also assumed the powers of censor in April of 85 which was recorded on the coinage. The title was successively contracted in three issues - CENSORIA POTESTAT, CENS POTES, and finally CENS POT. According to metal analyses by Walker and more recently confirmed by Butcher and Ponting, Domitian's second coinage reform took place between the last two issues - the CENS POT issue being the first under the new standard. Curiously, this 'CENS POT' denarius has what appears to be 'al marco' weight adjustment marks, plainly visible on the reverse to the left of Minerva. Is it possibly during the minting of this first issue under the new standard the mint workers were extra careful with the coinage's weight? Whatever the case, the gouges must date to antiquity owing to the fact that they and the unblemished surfaces are similarily toned.

An extremely rare coin. Engraved in the period's typical fine style.

6 commentsDavid Atherton
D334sm.jpg
RIC 334 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.11g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 334 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Private Collection.

A rare denarius from the first issue struck after Domitian's second coinage reform. In 82 Domitian increased the silver fineness of the denarius to nearly 100% purity. Three years later in mid 85 the fineness was again adjusted, this time downward to nearly 90%, still higher than the average 80% inherited from Titus. Domitian assumed the powers of censor in April of 85 which was recorded on the coinage. The title was successively contracted in three issues - CENSORIA POTESTAT, CENS POTES, and CENS POT. According to metal analyses by Walker and more recently confirmed by Butcher and Ponting, Domitian's second coinage reform took place between the last two issues - the CENS POT issue being the first under the new standard. This was the last issue to regularly show Domitian denarii with aegis. From 85 onwards the aegis would only appear sparingly on special issues.

Fine style with large flan.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D335.jpg
RIC 335 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.41g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her side (M3)
RIC 335 (R2). BMC p. 315 note. RSC 178. BNC -.
Ex Harry N Sneh Collection. Ex Jyrki Muona Collection.

A denarius which is part of the fourth issue of 85 minted after Domitian reduced the silver fineness back to the Neronian standard. Despite the reduction in silver content, the coin has been minted on a large flan and the portrait is in a similar fine style as the previous issues with the higher silver standard.

This coin is a RIC plate coin, mislabeled as 338, pl. 124.

6 commentsDavid Atherton
D336b.jpg
RIC 336 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.42g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her side (M3)
RIC 336 (R2). BMC 79. RSC 178 (no aegis). BNC -.
Acquired from Etsy, February 2020. Ex CNG 440, 20 March 2019, lot 721 (part).

In 82 Domitian increased the silver fineness of the denarius to nearly 100% purity. Three years later in mid 85 the fineness was again adjusted, this time downward to c. 90%, presumably for monetary or fiscal reasons. Domitian also assumed the powers of censor in April of 85 which was recorded on the coinage. The title was successively contracted in three issues - CENSORIA POTESTAT, CENS POTES, and CENS POT. According to metal analyses by Walker and more recently confirmed by Butcher and Ponting, Domitian's second coinage reform took place between the last two issues - the CENS POT issue being the first under the new standard. All of these denarii from the fourth issue of 85 are extremely scarce and were struck with both an aegis and non aegis portrait. The aegis portraits are somewhat more desirable.

Good metal and neat style.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D339.jpg
RIC 339 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.82g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P IIII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minverva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 339 (R2). BMC 80. RSC 180a. BNC 83.
Acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, October 2015. Ex Jyrki Muona Collection.

A denarius which is part of the rare fourth issue of 85. This issue is the first struck after Domitian reduced the fineness of the denarius by 5% to the old Neronian level after having raised it in 82 to the Augustan standard. Despite the reduction in fineness this is a remarkably well crafted series signified by the aegis, which only appeared in issues of special note.

A well executed portrait in fine style. Struck on an oblong flan which does not detract too much from the coin's overall appeal.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D342_2012.jpg
RIC 342 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.13g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 342 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection. Ex Jyrki Muona Collection.

Another very rare denarius from a brief series minted in 85. Interesting to note that two silver medallions (4 and 8 denarii weight) were minted in this series. Not in London or Paris. RIC cites Berlin and the Jyrki Muona collection (this coin).

Struck on a large flan (21 mm) and toned almost a chocolate brown. The portrait is pretty stylish too. Same reverse die as the RIC plate coin.
This is a wonderful coin in hand.

Thanks to Harry Sneh for additional info.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D343.jpg
RIC 343 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.34g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 343 (R2). BMC p. 317, *. RSC 187. BNC -.
Ex Harlan J Berk BBS 186, 21 August 2013, lot 229.

This rare denarius is part of the fifth issue of 85, minted soon after Domitian reformed the coinage a second time by slightly reducing the silver fineness to the Neronian standard.

A very handsome coin in hand struck on a large flan with a stylish portrait.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D344.jpg
RIC 344 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.20g
Rome mint, 85 AD (fifth issue)
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her side (M3)
RIC 344 (R2). BMC -. RSC 186. BNC 87.
Ex CNG E363, 11 November 2015, lot 319.

An extremely rare denarius from the fifth issue of 85. Coined shortly after Domitian reduced the fineness of the denarius by 5% to the old Neronian level after having raised it in 82 to the Augustan standard. RIC cites Paris and Oxford with examples of this type.

Struck on a large flan (21 mm!) in superb fine style.

4 commentsDavid Atherton
D345.jpg
RIC 345 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.05g
Rome mint, 85 AD (fifth issue)
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP VIIII COS XI CENS POT P P; Minverva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 345 (R2). BMC 84. RSC 185. BNC 86.
Acquired from Akropolis Ancient Coins, August 2021.

An incredibly rare denarius struck sometime between mid September, when Domitian assumed TR P V, and December 31st, the last day of his eleventh consulship. Also, coined shortly after Domitian reduced the fineness of the denarius by 5% to the old Neronian level after having raised it in 82 to the Augustan standard. The aegis portraits on the denarii were completely phased out on this issue. They had become something of a symbol of prestige on the denarii after the mint's recent overhaul.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D351a.jpg
RIC 351 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 25.24g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, r., with aegis
Rev: GERMANIA CAPTA; S C in exergue; Trophy; to r., German captive stg. r., hands bound, head l.; to l., Germania std. l.; around arms
RIC 351 (C). BMC 325. BNC 350.
Ex Agora 96, 10 March 2020, lot 349. Ex CNG E458, 18 December 2019, lot 349. Ex Gorny & Mosch 261, 4 March 2018, lot 700. Ex Shlomo Moussaieff Collection. Formerly in NGC holder #4934009-008, with grade VF, strike 5/5, surface 2/5.

In 85 Domitian struck a fairly impressive issue of sestertii, M. Grant hyperbolically called it the most 'ambitious' of any one reign or year. The series is the first major aes issue of Domitian's reign and is dominated by panoramic types commemorating his military victory over the Germanic tribe the Chatti. The details of the war are unclear, but the overall impression is that the conflict was a minor affair blown out of proportion by an emperor eager for military glory. No large battles, a la Mons Graupius, have come down to us, prompting Tacitus' assertion, 'that in recent times, the Germans were more triumphed over than conquered'. Consequently, Domitian's Germanic triumph of 83 received a certain amount of ridicule from ancient writers who thought the whole thing was a sham (Dio goes so far as to say Domitian raided the palace's furniture stores for his fake spoils!), no doubt the numismatic propaganda for the victory was likely viewed in the same manner by contemporary senatorial elites. Germania Capta types were first struck in silver in 84 and in bronze in 85. This iconic Germania Capta sestertius strongly echoes Vespasian's Judaea Capta types - but instead of a palm tree we see a trophy which appears to be mounted on a palm trunk(?). H. Mattingly writes in BMCRE 'the type is closely modelled on the Judaea Capta of Vespasian, but the German element is indicated by the heavy angular cloak worn by the man and by the oblong shields.' Comparing the two triumphs, the Josephian scholar Steve Mason remarked - 'The same people who produced Flavian Triumph I: Judaea were on hand for Flavian Triumph II: Germania, and sequels are rarely as good as the originals.'

The Germania Capta commemorative sestertii were produced for only a few short years between 85-88. The present example from the second issue of 85 is probably the most common variant of the type struck just before Domitian was awarded the perpetual censorship.

Fine style and nicely toned.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D355.jpg
RIC 355 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 25.18g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Domitian stg. l., sacrificing with patera over altar in front of shrine containing cult statue of Minerva
RIC 355 (C). BMC 336. BNC 356.
Acquired from Castellet Classical Numismatics, December 2020.

85 AD saw the mint at Rome introduce many new types on Domitian's aes coinage. This sestertius from the second issue of the year shows Domitian sacrificing in front of a small shrine. Mattingly in BMCRE (p. xciii) had this to say concerning the type - 'Minerva is not represented here by her own types, as on the gold and silver, but by a type that recurs year after year of Domitian sacrificing before the goddess in a shrine. While recording his achievements, Domitian does not omit to acknowledge the goddess to whom they are due.' The nod here to Minerva is quite pious. The shrine in question is a mystery and may perhaps just be a generic design to frame the cult image.

Dark milk chocolate toning and fine style.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D357.jpg
RIC 357 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 23.80g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Domitian stg. l., with spear; to l., German captive, kneeling r., presenting shield
RIC 357 (C). BMC 337. BNC 358.
Acquired from Ampex, eBay, April 2020.

In 85 AD Domitian's moneyers struck an impressive issue of sestertii, M. Grant hyperbolically called it the most 'ambitious' of any one reign or year. The series is the first major aes issue of Domitian's reign and is dominated by panoramic types commemorating his military victory over the Germanic tribe the Chatti. The details of the war are unclear, but the overall impression is that the conflict was a minor affair blown out of proportion by an emperor eager for military glory. Although this coin with a heroic Domitian standing over a defeated captive lacks a reverse inscription, the image is powerful enough to convey the propaganda message of power and might combined with clemency without one. The iconography of a large all powerful ruler lording over a smaller foe is a familiar one in the ancient world. The type is fairly common and was struck into early 86 with the addition of a broken spear in the exergue.

Well centred in good metal.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D367.jpg
RIC 367 DomitianÆ Dupondius, 11.64g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: ANNONA AVG; S C in exergue; Annona, std r., holding open on lap by two ends bag full of corn-ears; in front of her stands a small figure, l., also holding two ends of bag, and in the background, stern of ship
RIC 367 (C). BMC 347. BNC 364.
Ex eBay, August 2019.

A most curious reverse type was struck for Domitian on his dupondii for a short period between 84-88. Here we see Annona seated holding open a bag(?) of corn-ears and a mysterious small figure standing before her holding the other end of the bag with a ship's stern in the background. Overall, the reverse likely alludes to Domitian's care of the corn supply, hinted at by the stern, here a symbol of the all important African grain ships. The small individual before Annona has variously been described as a 'boy', a 'child', or ambiguously as just a 'figure'. H. Mattingly has the most imaginative explanation in BMCRE II - 'Annona herself, the spirit of the corn-supply, and the ship, the symbol of the overseas corn, are familiar: but who is the small figure who stands before her? He is certainly no child, but only a man reduced to tiny proportions beside the goddess; and the fact that he is bare to the waist may suggest that he is an Italian farmer. If this interpretation is right, the type records a definite policy of Domitian to encourage the growing of corn in Italy.' Mattingly may be correct about the overall meaning, but I think the figure is indeed a child, symbolic of the emperor's care, through Annona's auspices, for his subjects.

Flatly struck on one side, but in fine style.
8 commentsDavid Atherton
D383a.jpg
RIC 383 DomitianÆ As, 9.49g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: MONETA AVGVST; S C in field; Moneta stg. l., with scales and cornucopiae
RIC 383 (C3). BMC -. BNC 374.
Acquired from Musa Numismatic, September 2019.

In 82 Domitian reformed the coinage by increasing the weight of the gold and fineness of the silver. Production of the bronze coinage was suspended while the mint was reorganised and resumed in 84 with new reverse types and a higher artistic standard. Appropriately, one of the first types struck on the bronze after the coinage reform was Moneta, 'mint goddess of the emperor'. H. Mattingly believes Moneta in this context can be seen as symbolising Domitian's control of the mint and as paymaster to the empire. A fitting reverse design for an emperor who cared so much for his coinage. Mirroring the silver, many of the bronze coins struck in the first year or so after the coinage reform have portraits with an aegis, an extra detail likely due to Domitian's attentive care. Under Domitian Moneta became a regular feature of the coinage and was struck year after year on the As issues. This example from 85 is one of the most common types struck for the As that year. Oddly enough, it is missing from the BM.

One gets the impression that Domitian was quite proud of his coinage reforms and Moneta was a symbolic reverse celebrating that achievement.

A nice example in hand, much better than the photo suggests.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D385a.jpg
RIC 385 DomitianÆ As, 10.60g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS POT P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: SALVTI above, AVGVSTI below; S C in field; Altar
RIC 385 (C2). BMC 358. BNC 379.
Acquired from Praefectus Coins, August 2019.

The SALVTI AVGVSTI altar type was first introduced on Domitian's aes coinage in 84 after a brief hiatus of the Senatorial mint's production in 82-83, presumably for re-organisational purposes. The structure on the reverse has been traditionally described as an altar, however, Marvin Tameanko has convincingly argued it is actually a sacellum, or small shrine. He states the steps at the base leading to two doors with handles are overwhelming evidence that the structure was much larger than an altar. As far as the shrine's significance - H. Mattingly in BMCRE II interprets the type as commemorating the Senate's dedication of an altar shrine celebrating Domitian's safe return from the Germanic Wars of 82-83. Alternately, the shrine may have been dedicated as an appeal to Salus for the emperor's continued good health. In any case, no trace of the shrine has survived antiquity.

This As with its aegis, large flan (30mm), and elegant idealised style are all hallmarks of the new direction introduced after the Senatorial mint's overhaul.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D392c.jpg
RIC 392 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.10g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XI CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 392 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.

Here is a denarius from the rare sixth issue of 85, the first which marks Domitian's assumption of the perpetual censorship (CENS P). Unlisted in BMCRE and RSC and cited in only two private collections by RIC. Perhaps the fourth specimen known (?).

Beautifully toned with a stylish portrait.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D392A.jpg
RIC 392A DomitianAR Denarius, 2.90g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XI CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her side (M3)
RIC 392A (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Incitatus Coins, May 2016.

A previously unknown Minerva type 3 from Domitian's rare sixth issue of denarii for 85. Until this coin recently surfaced only three of the four standard Minerva types were known for this issue, now all four are accounted for. Ted Buttrey was notified of this coin's existence and he has assigned it as RIC 392A in the Flavian RIC Addenda. In the Flavian RIC Addenda another specimen is now noted - Hurston list 43, 1985, lot 10.

Well toned with rainbow hints and a stylish portrait.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D393.jpg
RIC 393 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.55g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XI CENS P P P; Minverva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 393 (R). BMC 87. RSC 189. BNC -.
Ex Asta 91, 15-16 December 2020, lot 173.

All the denarii from Domitian's sixth issue of 85 are extremely rare. It is the first denarius issue which marks Domitian's assumption of the perpetual censorship (CENS P). Of note, both obv. and rev. legends are riddled with spacing dots, a trademark of these issues.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D397sm.jpg
RIC 397 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 26.19g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, r., with aegis
Rev: GERMANIA CAPTA; S C in exergue; Trophy; to r., German captive stg. r., hands bound, head l.; to l., Germania std. l.; around arms
RIC 397 (R2). BMC 361. BNC -.
Acquired from Incitatus Coins, August 2019.

In 85 Domitian struck a fairly impressive issue of sestertii, M. Grant hyperbolically called it the most 'ambitious' of any one reign or year. The series is the first major aes issue of Domitian's reign and is dominated by panoramic types commemorating his military victory over the Germanic tribe the Chatti. The details of the war are unclear, but the overall impression is that the conflict was a minor affair blown out of proportion by an emperor eager for military glory. Consequently, Domitian's Germanic triumph of 83 received a certain amount of ridicule from ancient writers who thought the whole thing was a sham (Dio goes so far as to say Domitian raided the palace's furniture stores for his fake spoils!), no doubt the numismatic propaganda for the victory was likely viewed in the same manner by contemporary senatorial elites. Germania Capta types were first struck in silver in 84 and in bronze in 85. This iconic Germania Capta sestertius strongly echoes Vespasian's Judaea Capta types - but instead of a palm tree we see a trophy and a bound captive replaces the triumphal emperor. H. Mattingly writes in BMCRE 'the type is closely modelled on the Judaea Capta of Vespasian, but the German element is indicated by the heavy angular cloak worn by the man and by the oblong shields.' Comparing the two triumphs, the Josephian scholar Steve Mason remarked - 'The same people who produced Flavian Triumph I: Judaea were on hand for Flavian Triumph II: Germania, and sequels are rarely as good as the originals.'

The Germania Capta sestertii were produced for only a few short years between 85-88. The present example from the third issue of 85 is a rare variant with an obverse legend struck just after Domitian had become censor for life (CENS PER).
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D418.jpg
RIC 418 DomitianÆ As, 12.26g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: SALVTI above, AVGVSTI below; S C in field; Altar
RIC 418 (R2). BMC 366A. BNC -.
Acquired from Jetons Canada, eBay, May 2023.

The SALVTI AVGVSTI altar type was first introduced on Domitian's aes coinage in 84 after a brief hiatus of the Senatorial mint's production in 82-83, presumably for re-organisational purposes. The structure on the reverse has been traditionally described as an altar, however, Marvin Tameanko has convincingly argued it is actually a sacellum, or small shrine. He states the steps at the base leading to two doors with handles are overwhelming evidence that the structure was much larger than an altar. As far as the shrine's significance - H. Mattingly in BMCRE II interprets the type as commemorating the Senate's dedication of an altar shrine celebrating Domitian's safe return from the Germanic Wars of 82-83. Alternately, the shrine may have been dedicated as an appeal to Salus for the emperor's continued good health. In any case, no trace of the shrine has survived antiquity. This as struck during the last bronze issue of 85 is a rare variety of the type with a RIC frequency rating of 'R2'. Missing from the Paris collection.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D419a.jpg
RIC 419 DomitianÆ As, 12.13g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Crossed pairs of shields, spears, and trumpets over vexillum
RIC 419 (R2). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Marc Breitsprecher, April 2022. Ex Stacks, April 2006.

In 85 AD Domitian's senatorial bronze mint began striking a series of Germania Capta types with various reverse designs to commemorate his recent victory over the Germanic Chatti. On the middle bronze there appears a type with crossed decorated shields and spears (captured Germanic arms) and trumpets(?) overlaid on a vexillum. Curiously, the 'trumpets' appear to look more like carynxes but are described in most of the literature concerning the type as simply (Roman?) trumpets. It would make sense if the trumpets in question were captured Germanic booty along with the spears and shields, perhaps the above coin bears that out. A rare 86 AD third issue variant of this reverse type missing from both the BM and Paris collections.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D422a.jpg
RIC 422 DomitianÆ As, 10.33g
Rome mint, 85 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XI CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, r., with aegis
Rev: VICTORIAE AVGVSTI; S C in field; Victory stg. l., inscribing shield set on trophy to l., and holding palm
RIC 422 (R2). BMC 367. BNC 389.
Ex Ancient Treasures, eBay, 28 February 2021.

The senatorial mint introduced new Germania Capta reverse designs for the bronze issues in 85 AD. Among them was this Victory inscribing shield type which was struck somewhat commonly for the dupondii and sparingly for the asses. The motif was borrowed, albeit with some minor modifications, from Vespasian's coinage. This As from the third and last bronze issue of 85 is exceedingly rare, perhaps owing to the short window of time at the end of the year prior to Domitian becoming COS XII on 1 January 86.

NB: I believe this seemingly generic Victory type to be part of the Germania Capta issues because of the commemorative 'Germanic' character of the bronze issues in which it was struck. Also, the trophy design is identical to the one used on the Germania Capta sestertii.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D425.JPG
RIC 425 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.06g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 425 (R). BMC 88. RSC 194. BNC -.

A rare denarius from the first issue of 86. It records Domitian's 11th imperial acclamation from the First Dacian War and can be somewhat closely dated between 1 January and the Spring (he received his 12th imperial acclamation between 17 March and 13 May).

The style is a continuation of that seen in the issues of 85 - very idealised with large, high quality portraits.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D427a.jpg
RIC 427 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.35g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 427 (R). BMC p. 318 note. RSC 186. BNC 89.
Acquired from MNS, May 2014.

This denarius from the first issue of 86 recording Domitian's 11th imperial acclamation from the previous Autumn, due to the First Dacian War, can be somewhat closely dated between 1 January and the Spring (he received his 12th imperial acclamation between 17 March and 13 May). Later in 86 Domitian personally conducted the Second Dacian War due to severe reverses when two legates were lost in succession. This was the year the denarius coinage settled down into a consistent pattern which would be repeated year after year for the rest of the reign - an unadorned portrait on the obverse with the four standard Minerva types dominating the reverse. There would be exceptions to this of course, but they would be few and far between.

Stylistically the coin is pleasing, similar to those from 85. Hints of rainbow toning can be detected in hand as well.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D429lg.jpg
RIC 429 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.12g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her side (M3)
RIC 429 (C). BMC 90. RSC 193. BNC 90.

Part of the first issue of 86, this denarius features the most common Minerva type (M3) for the issue. Not a die match with the RIC plate coin, however, it appears the same hand engraved both. Judging by the patina and flan condition it may possibly be a detectorist find.

In fine style and a decent specimen despite the flan chip. Forgive the poor photo quality which of course does it no justice.
David Atherton
D431.jpg
RIC 431 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.23g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XI COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 431 (R). BMC p. 318, *. RSC 182. BNC 93.
Acquired from Aegean Numismatics, March 2014.

A fairly rare denarius from the first issue of 86. The portrait continues in the fine style of 84/85 without the finery of an aegis. All four Minerva types are struck in each of the five issues of 86, evidence of the mint being divided into four officinae.

A beautiful portrait struck on a broad flan.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D435b.jpg
RIC 435 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.98g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 435 (R). BMC 93. RSC 201b. BNC 97.
Ex Dionysos, eBay, April 2016.

This denarius is part of the third issue of 86. At the time Domitian was waging a war against the Dacians and the imperial salutations were being awarded at a fast pace, this coin records his 12th acclamation. The denarii from these issues tend to be in fine style and quite scarce.

Nicely centred with a noble portrait.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D437a.jpg
RIC 437 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.93g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 437 (R). BMC p. 319 note. RSC 204. BNC 96.
Acquired from A. G .& S. Gillis, December 2013.

An excellently styled denarius from the second issue of 86. All the denarii from this issue are quite rare.

Struck on a large flan with some minor corrosion. Much better in hand.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D439a.jpg
RIC 439 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.15g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P ; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her side (M3)
RIC 439 (R). BMC p. 319, note. RSC 202. BNC 98.
Acquired from Romae Aeternae, June 2016.

The second denarius issue of 86 records Domitian's 12th imperial acclamation. TR P V indicates it was struck before mid September. A fairly rare issue.

Obverse scratches, but I think the fine portrait redeems the coin.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D441sm.jpg
RIC 441 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.38g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 441 (R). BMC p. 319, note. RSC 201. BNC -.
Acquired from Numismeo, January 2015.

Domitian's imperial acclamations were piling up fairly rapidly in 86 due to ongoing battles being fought along the Danube. This denarius from the second issue of 86 records his 12th imperial acclamation. Many of the denarii of 86 are rendered in fine style and are quite scarce, this coin being a delightful example of such.

A stunning portrait on a large flan (21mm!). Aurei and denarii often shared dies in this issue, I can't help but think the dies which struck this coin were meant for both.
9 commentsDavid Atherton
D444a.jpg
RIC 444 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.92g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 444 (R3). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Ancient Treasures, eBay, April 2017.

Second known M1 specimen from the third issue of 86. This rare dating combination could not have been struck for very long after Domitian became TR P VI in mid September due to the the issue's extreme rarity. In fact, the final 'I' in the obverse legend appears to have been engraved over the tip of the bust, indicating it is a reworked TR P V die. Not long after this coin was struck (perhaps just a few days) word reached the mint of Domitian's thirteenth imperial acclamation, ending this issue's brief run.

Nicely toned with a very fine style portrait.
8 commentsDavid Atherton
D446.jpg
RIC 446 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.09g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 446 (R2). BMC 96. RSC 204c. BNC -.
Ex Andrew Short Collection, purchased from Kölner, June 2021.

A very rare M2 type from the third issue of 86. This rare dating combination could not have been struck for very long after Domitian became TR P VI in mid September due to the the issue's extreme rarity, probably produced for just a few short weeks at the end of September. Imperial acclamations were awarded to Domitian at a fairly quick pace during 86 because of the Dacian campaign with many issues being struck rather briefly before news arrived of a new imperial salutation. The portrait is of an extremely fine style typical of Domitian's coinage during this time period. Hints of iridescent toning add to the piece's appeal.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D447.jpg
RIC 447 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.95g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear, shield at her l. side (M3)
RIC 447 (R). BMC (spec. acquired 1987). RSC -. BNC 101.
Ex TimesAncient, eBay, July 2016.

Imperial acclamations were awarded to Domitian at a fairly quick pace during 86 because of the Dacian campaign. Many issues were struck only for a brief time before news arrived of a new imperial salutation. This denarius is from the very rare third issue.

Coined in fine style on a large flan.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D450sm.jpg
RIC 450 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.38g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 450 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Numismeo, September 2017.

In 86 Domitian was awarded imperial acclamations at an accelerated pace due to the Dacian War, which resulted in some fairly rare denarius issues. This coin is from the extremely rare fourth issue of 86, probably struck for just a few days or so until word of the next imperial acclamation reached the mint. The Minerva fighting (M1) and Minerva on rostral column (M2) are the only two denarius types known for the issue. The coins are so rare that Mattingly even doubted the issue's existence (BMCRE p. 320 note).

Struck in fine style on a large flan.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D454a.jpg
RIC 454 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.46g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 454 (R). BMC p. 320, note. RSC 208. BNC 103.
Acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, October 2015. Ex Jyrki Muona Collection.

This denarius from the rare fifth issue struck after mid September 86 at a time when Domitian's imperial acclamations were piling up rather quickly due to campaigns along the Danube. These issues tend to be superb in style and craftsmanship.

A nicely toned coin with a regal portrait.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D456.jpg
RIC 456 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.11g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 456 (R). BMC 98. RSC 210b. BNC -.

All of Domitian's denarii minted in 86 are rare, so well worth seeking out. This example is from the fifth issue, struck after mid-September.

86 saw a rapid increase in Domitian's imperial salutations, mainly due to troubles on the Danube.

A decent denarius in the formal, mannered style of 85-87.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D460.jpg
RIC 460 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.35g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 460 (R). BMC (spec. acquired 1989). RSC 210c. BNC -.
Acquired from A. G .& S. Gillis, April 2013.

All the denarii from this fifth issue of 86 minted after September are quite rare. Domitian was rapidly accumulating imperial salutations during the year, which are likely in conjunction with his Dacian Wars of 85-86. This coin records his fourteenth imperial salutation.

A decent coin with honest wear and a very stylish portrait.

Additional attribution thanks to Curtis Clay.
7 commentsDavid Atherton
D465a.jpg
RIC 465 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 25.01g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: IOVI VICTORI; S C in exergue; Jupiter std. l., with Victory and sceptre
RIC 465 (C2). BMC 373. BNC 396.
Acquired from CGB.fr, June 2021.

Similar to the silver and gold, Domitian’s aes coinage in the mid 80s settled down to a few predicable reverse types that were annually struck throughout the reign. The Sestertii were dominated by Victory crowning the emperor and the seated Jupiter with Victory, as seen on this coin. ‘Jupiter the giver of Victory’ was an important propaganda type because of the periodic conflicts that flared up from time to time on the Northern frontier. This early example of the type features the fine style and superior craftsmanship that was a hallmark of the Rome mint in the mid 80s under Domitian. Not only is the portrait exquisitely engraved, but the reverse featuring a super buff Jupiter is no slouch either. Both are evidence of a mint firing on all cylinders.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D468sm.jpg
RIC 468 DomitianÆ Sestertius, 22.60g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Domitian standing l., with parazonium and spear; to l., river-god (Rhenus) reclining
RIC 468 (C). BMC 377. BNC 399.
Ex eBay, 9 February 2020. Ex Künker, eLive Auction 57, 12 December 2019, lot 97.

In late 82 or early 83 Domitian conducted a census of Gaul as a smoke screen in order to make preparations to invade the Germanic Chatti lands across the Rhine. Not much is known of what the actual war consisted of - perhaps some road building, punitive raids against Chatti strongholds, and minor skirmishing. No large battles, à la Mons Graupius, have come down to us, prompting Tacitus' assertion 'that in recent times, the Germans were more triumphed over than conquered'. Even the date of the conflict is in dispute - although Domitian did rack up four salutations between June 83 and September 84, several of which must be attributed to the Chattan Campaign. Domitian celebrated a triumph over the Chatti in 83, after which he claimed the title 'Germanicus'.

Beginning in 85 Domitian struck a fairly impressive issue of sestertii, M. Grant hyperbolically called it the most 'ambitious' of any one reign or year. The series is the first major aes issue of Domitian's reign and is dominated by panoramic types commemorating his military victory over the Germanic tribe the Chatti. One of the more interesting types carried over into 86 features a triumphant Domitian standing over the reclining river-god Rhenus. It is a more poetic type than those showing captives or war trophies, although, even here Domitian is resting his foot on the river-god's knee symbolising Rome's domination over Germania.

Fine style and good metal.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D482A.jpg
RIC 482A Domitian Æ Dupondius, 10.44g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r.
Rev: S C in field; Mars adv. l., with Victory and trophy
RIC 482A (R3). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Den of Antiquity, August 2022.

The Mars advancing right type was struck for Domitian's middle bronzes for a short period between 85-87 AD. No doubt it was part of the massive Germania Capta series struck on the coinage in the wake of the Chattan war. Notably it copies a reverse design previously struck for Vespasian's sestertii. This specimen is an extremely rare variant featuring an obverse portrait lacking aegis. The overwhelming majority of aes portraits from the issue were struck with aegis. The mint engraver's would gradually move away from aegis portraits over the next couple of years, but in 86 they were dominate and any deviation can be chalked up to engraver's whim. Second known specimen. Listed as unique in the RIC II.1 Addenda.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D486.jpg
RIC 486 DomitianÆ As, 9.98g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: FIDEI PVBLICAE; S C in field; Fides stg. r., with corn ears and plate of fruits
RIC 486 (C2). BMC 385. BNC 415.
Acquired from Ken Dorney, January 2023.

Fides holding a plate of fruits was a recurring type under Domitian until 88. It copies a similar reverse struck for Vespasian and must have held some special meaning to Domitian. H Mattingly in BMCRE II (p. xci) speculated on the importance of Fides to Domitian: 'The word 'Fides' has a wide scope and includes the ideas that we express by the words "loyalty", "integrity", "honour". Probably "credit", in a wide sense, is the nearest English equivalent. If, as seems probable, the type is closely associated with the Emperor's activities as censor, we can at once understand its popularity under Domitian. The censorship of Domitian is usually represented as a device to secure control of the composition of the senate. But this was only part of its significance. Domitian was simply carrying on from his father Vespasian the policy of close attention to the business affairs of the state and, in making himself censor for life, he was offending susceptibilities rather than serious interests. In view of the care of Domitian for the Italian land we can perhaps explain the 'agricultural' attributes of "Fides". It appears certain that the Flavians developed a financial policy of great importance, of which only the barest hints have come down to us. The fact that a festival of Fides fell on the first day of October, the month which was rechristened "Domitianus" in A.D. 84, lends further appropriateness to the type.'
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D493.jpg
RIC 493 DomitianÆ As, 10.76g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: MONETA AVGVSTI; S C in field; Moneta stg. l., with scales and cornucopiae
RIC 493 (C3). BMC 389. BNC 418.
Ex Tater's Relics, eBay, 16 May 2023.

In 82 Domitian reformed the coinage by increasing the weight of the gold and fineness of the silver. Production of the bronze coinage was suspended while the mint was reorganised and resumed in 84 with new reverse types and a higher artistic standard. Appropriately, one of the first types struck on the bronze after the coinage reform was Moneta, 'mint goddess of the emperor'. H. Mattingly believes Moneta in this context can be seen as symbolising Domitian's control of the mint and as paymaster to the empire. A fitting reverse design for an emperor who cared so much for his coinage. Mirroring the silver, many of the bronze coins struck in the first year or so after the coinage reform have portraits with an aegis, an extra detail likely due to Domitian's attentive care. Under Domitian Moneta became a regular feature of the coinage and was struck year after year on the As issues. This example from 86 is one of the most common types struck for the as issue that year, perhaps indicating the importance of the reverse message.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D495a.jpg
RIC 495 DomitianÆ As, 9.67g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Crossed pairs of shields, spears, and trumpets over vexillum
RIC 495 (C). BMC 392A. BNC -.
Acquired from eBay, February 2020. Ex Beast Coins.

In 85 AD Domitian's senatorial bronze mint began striking a series of Germania Capta types with various reverse designs to commemorate his recent victory over the Germanic Chatti. On the middle bronze there appears a type with crossed decorated shields and spears (captured Germanic arms) and trumpets(?) overlaid on a vexillum. Curiously, the 'trumpets' appear to look more like carynxes but are described in most of the literature concerning the type as simply (Roman?) trumpets. It would make sense if the trumpets in question were captured Germanic booty along with the spears and shields, perhaps the above coin bears that out. Curiously, for such a common type, it is missing from the Paris collection.

Fine style a beautiful patina.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D496.jpg
RIC 496 DomitianÆ As, 9.62g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Mars adv. l., with Victory and trophy
RIC 496 (C). BMC 392. BNC -.
Acquired from Sam Sloat Coins, August 2021.

This Mars reverse was struck for Domitian's asses for a short period between 85-87 AD. No doubt it was part of the massive Germania Capta series struck on the bronzes at the time. It copies a reverse design previously struck for Vespasian's sestertii.

Despite the wear, the stylish portrait still shines through.
David Atherton
D497.jpg
RIC 497 DomitianÆ As, 9.41g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: S C in field; Victory flying l., with shield inscribed SPQR
RIC 497 (R2). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Praefectus Coins, July 2020.

This Victory reverse was copied from Nero by Vespasian and briefly struck for Domitian in 85-86. It likely was part of Domitian's large bronze issue commemorating his recent victory over the Chatti. This is the final appearance of the type under Domitian, which lends credence to the theory it specifically refers to the Germanic War. Extremely rare and missing from both the BM and Paris collections.

Fine style and fetching patina.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D499.jpg
RIC 499 DomitianÆ As, 11.14g
Rome mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VIRTVTI AVGVSTI; S C in field; Virtus stg. r., foot on helmet, with spear and parazonium
RIC 499 (C2). BMC 393. BNC -.
Acquired from Marc Breitsprecher, February 2022.

The Virtus type was struck repeatedly on Domitian's middle bronzes from 84 onwards. I. Carradice in his 1983 monograph on Domitian's coinage says the following concerning the type - 'Virtus is a military type, symbolic of the courage of Domitian and the mutual devotion between the army and emperor.' Virtus first appears on the coinage in the flurry of Germania Capta types that were struck soon after Domitian's German triumph. This fairly common variant from 86 without aegis is surprisingly missing from the extensive BN collection.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D502A.jpg
RIC 502A DomitianÆ Quadrans, 2.75g
Rome Mint, 86 AD
Obv: IMP DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XII; Ceres bust r., wearing wreath of corn ears, draped
Rev: S C in field; Bundle of three poppies and four corn ears
RIC 502A (R3). BMC 370. BNC -.
Acquired from Savoca, September 2023.

Small bronzes such as the quadrans were likely used in minor transactions by the plebs and sported very simple designs with popular motifs, often lacking an imperial portrait. Ceres briefly appeared on the obverse of Domitian's quadrantes in 85-86. She frequently was paired with an appropriate reverse design, such as a bundle of corn ears and poppies as seen on this example. Both the obverse and reverse celebrate Domitian's careful stewardship of the grain supply. This is a fourth known example of the rare variety with DOMITIAN fully spelled out. The other specimens are located in the BM (the only one known at the time of RIC II.1's publication), Paris, and two (!) in Berlin.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D504.jpg
RIC 504 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.33g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT. AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 504 (C). BMC 101. RSC 217. BNC -.
Acquired from Vaughn, August 2013.

87 AD saw a decline in the output of denarii which continued from the previous year's meager emissions. All four standard Minerva reverse types were minted with no irregularities. This example is from the first issue of 87.

A decent coin with hints of the flamboyant portraits of the following year.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D507.jpg
RIC 507 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.54g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear amd shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 507 (C). BMC 103. RSC 218. BNC 104.
Acquired from CGB, July 2014.

The first denarius issue of 87 continued in the same style and format as those of 86 (an unadorned, idealised portrait with the four basic Minervas on the reverse), setting a tone the rest of the reign for the denarii. These issues were quite small compared with what was to come over the next nine years. This coin from the first issue has a very idealised portrait in the Flavian baroque style. Icy cool with an expression of "critical disdain" as C. H. V. Sutherland put it in his book "Roman Coins".

Struck on a large flan and well centred. Unusually, a bit of Domitian's beard is visible as well.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D509.jpg
RIC 509 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.04g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her l. side (M3)
RIC 509 (C). BMC 106. RSC 215a. BNC 105.
Acquired from Aegean Numismatics, December, 2013.

Domitian's denarius issues of 87 continued the same style and format of those from 86. From this time forward the four standard Minerva reverse types would dominate the denarii with a few minor interruptions. The mint during this period seems to have been divided up into separate officina based on reverse types according to Ian Carradice's careful die study of the issues (Coinage and Finances in the Reign of Domitian - 1983, p. 30). The officina system would continue until the end of the reign.

This denarius from the first issue of 87 is a good example of the quality and style of the mint at this time. Struck on a tight flan and darkly toned.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D511.jpg
RIC 511 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.35g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 511 (C). BMC 107. RSC 213. BNC 107.

The first denarius issue of 87 continued in the same style and format as those of 86 (an unadorned, idealised portrait with the four basic Minervas on the reverse), setting a tone the rest of the reign for the denarii. These issues were quite small compared with what was to come over the next nine years. This coin from the first issue has a very idealised portrait in the Flavian baroque style. Icy cool with an expression of "critical disdain" as C. H. V. Sutherland put it in his book "Roman Coins".

Struck on a large flan with a stunning portrait in extraordinary condition - part of Domitian's mutton-chops beard is visible, a very rare thing indeed. One of the finest portraits of him in my collection.
9 commentsDavid Atherton
D516_zpsoack8r5q~original.jpg
RIC 516 DomitianAR Quinarius, 1.54g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Victory std. l., with wreath and palm
RIC 516 (C). BMC 109. RSC 220. BNC 109.
Acquired from Praefectus Coins, November 2016. Ex Roma Auction XII, 29 September 2016, lot 712.

Although this quinarius is listed as 'common' in RIC, compared to denarii the output of quinarii was meagre during the Flavian era. Struck in the first issue of 87, 1 January to 13 September. Interestingly, the corresponding gold quinarius with these titles is unique.

Well centred with full legends and darkly toned.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D517.jpg
RIC 517 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.30g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 517 (C). BMC 111. RSC 228. BNC 110.
Acquired from Historiche Münzen & Medaillen, December 2016.

From the Second issue of 87, struck between 14 September and 31 December.

Struck on a large flan in beautiful 'Flavian Baroque' style. One of the finest portraits of Domitian in my collection.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D518a.jpg
RIC 518 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.36g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 518 (C). BMC -. RSC 218a. BNC -.
Acquired from Forvm Ancient Coins, September 2014.

A wonderfully styled denarius from the 2nd issue of 87. Although listed in RIC as common it's oddly missing from the BM collection.

Struck on a fairly large flan (19.4mm) and in good metal.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D519asm.jpg
RIC 519 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.14g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her l. side (M3)
RIC 519 (C). BMC 113. RSC 223a. BNC 111.

Denarii with TR P VII struck in 87 are a bit less common than those with TR P VI, due to the shorter time frame the coins were minted (14 Sept - 31 Dec). No military campaigns are known for 87, hence no new imperial acclamations are recorded on the denarii. The issues for this year are strictly dated by the COS and TR P numbers. The style is similar to the denarii from 86.

Nicely toned with a neat and fine stately portrait.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D521.jpg
RIC 521 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.44g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG - GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 521 (C). BMC 114. RSC 222. BNC -.
Ex Gemini X, 13 January 2013, Harry N. Sneh Collection, lot 724. Ex Harlan J Berk BBS 170, 29 July 2010, lot 175.

A denarius listed as common, but really isn't as common as one would think. According to C. Clay only one listed in the Reka Devina hoard and none in the Paris collection. TR P VII dates this to the second issue of 87.

In a pleasing style and large flan (22 mm).
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D536.jpg
RIC 536 DomitianÆ Dupondius, 10.13g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XIII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r., with aegis
Rev: FORTVNAE AVGVSTI; S C in field; Fortuna stg. l., with rudder and cornucopiae
RIC 536 (R). BMC 397. BNC 427.
Acquired from CGB.fr, August 2021.

This common Fortuna type was repeatedly struck throughout Domitian's reign on his middle bronze. She also fleetingly showed up on the denarius in 82. Mattingly calls this Fortuna 'the special Fortuna that watches over the imperial office'. Suetonius writes that near the end of Domitian's reign on 1 January 96 'The Fortuna of Praeneste, which throughout the whole time he was emperor had habitually given him a happy and virtually the same answer to him whenever he entrusted the new year to her care, finally gave a most gloomy answer - and not without the mention of blood.' The COS XIII variant with aegis portrait is quite rare.
David Atherton
D537.jpg
RIC 537 Domitian Æ Dupondius, 9.30g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VI; Head of Domitian, radiate, bearded, r.
Rev: S C in centre; IMP XIIII COS XIII CENSOR PERPETVVS P P
RIC 537 (R). BMC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Numismática Prados, August 2022.

Rare instance of the full spelling of CENSOR PERPETVVS on Domitian's coinage. He assume the title censor perpetus in 85 and held it until the end of his reign and apparently exercised it with 'unprecedented zeal'. Unfortunately, because of the off-centre reverse, the pertinent part of the legend is off flan! Of note, the large S C reverse type makes its only appearance on Domitian's imperial coinage here. The radiate portrait without aegis variant is missing from both the BM and Paris collections.
David Atherton
D544.jpg
RIC 544 DomitianÆ As, 11.52g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XIII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: FORTVNAE AVGVSTI; S C in field; Fortuna stg. l., with rudder and cornucopiae
RIC 544 (C3). BMC 401. BNC 431.
Acquired from Witter Coins, eBay, July 2020.

Fortuna was a very popular reverse type on Domitian's coinage. She featured on the his first denarii struck after the coinage reform of 82 and would later become a regular type on the bronzes. This common As from 87 shows Fortuna with her familiar attributes of a rudder, with which she steers the world, and a cornucopiae representing the rich bounty she brings. Domitian must have felt some sort of special obligation to Fortuna and repaid it by featuring her cult image on his coinage.

This coin is struck in fine 'Flavian baroque' style, similar to the contemporary denarii.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D550.jpg
RIC 550 DomitianÆ As, 9.31g
Rome mint, 87 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM COS XIII CENS PER P P; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: VIRTVTI AVGVSTI; S C in field; Virtus stg. r., foot on helmet, with spear and parazonium
RIC 550 (C3). BMC 404. BNC 435.
Acquired from CGB.fr, June 2021

The Virtus type was struck repeatedly on Domitian's middle bronzes from 84 onwards. I. Carradice in his 1983 monograph on Domitian's coinage says the following concerning the type - 'Virtus is a military type, symbolic of the courage of Domitian and the mutual devotion between the army and emperor.' Virtus first appears on the coinage in the flurry of Germania Capta types that were struck soon after Domitian's German triumph. She is seen on this common As from 87 impressively depicted in traditional Amazon attire.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
D552a.jpg
RIC 552 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.16g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS XIIII across field; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 552 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from Germania Inferior Numismatics, February 2020. Ex Spink 20120, 13 February 2020, lot 228 (part), The Michael Kelly Collection.

In 88 AD Domitian struck a brief special issue of Minerva denarii with abbreviated legends and austere reverse designs. The reverses feature a shortened legend across field (here just the COS date) instead of the usual full legend begging from the lower left. All the coins from the issue are quite scarce, likely owing to the brief time span in which they were produced. RIC cites one lone example from Berlin. Perhaps the issue was struck in conjunction with a special event that year (the Secular Games?) and are commemorative in nature. Regardless, the mint soon returned the denarius to its conventional Minerva arrangement, hinting that these scarce issues were indeed struck for a special occasion.

Fine style and well centred.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D555.JPG
RIC 555 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.88g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS XIIII across field; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 555 (R2). BMC p. 325 note. RSC 233a. BNC 113.
Ex Private Collection.

88 AD was the year Domitian held the Secular Games and the Rome mint struck a series of denarii with reverses that explicitly commemorated the event. Additionally, the mint was experimenting with the denarius' standard Minerva reverse designs and legends. These special Minerva issues struck early in 88 may have a connection to the games as well. This denarius has the normal Minerva with spear (M4) but unusually has the consular date across field and lacks the IMP number. Denarii with the legends across field are very rare. It is a Reverse die match with the RIC plate coin, a good indication of how rare the type is.

A bit under weight, but in fine style and nicely centred.
5 commentsDavid Atherton
D562.jpg
RIC 562 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.45g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERMANICVS; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS XIIII across field; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 562 (R). BMC 141. RSC 67. BNC -.
Ex Spink eAuction 18055, 7 November 2018, The Michael Kelly Collection of Roman Coins part 2, lot 95.

In 88 AD Domitian struck a brief special issue of Minerva denarii with unusual obverse legends and austere reverse designs. The obverse legends deviate from the usual formula, sometimes spelling out fully DOMITIANVS and/or GERMANICVS and lacking a TR P number. The reverses feature only a terse legend across field with the IMP number absent. Here is an example from this rare issue with GERMANICVS spelled out on the obverse and the consular number across field on the reverse. Why the mint was experimenting with the legends and the layout of the reverses in 88 is a mystery. Perhaps the issue was struck in conjunction with a special event that year (the Secular Games?) and are commemorative in nature. Regardless, the mint soon returned the denarius to its conventional Minerva arrangement, hinting that these scarce issues were indeed struck for a special occasion.

Struck in good style.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D564aaa.jpg
RIC 564 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.25g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR DOMITIAN AVG GERMANICVS; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS XIIII across field; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 564 (R2). BMC p. 328 *. RSC 68. BNC -.
Ex CNG E490, 21 April 2021, lot 296. From the Peter J. Merani Collection, purchased from Sam Kazmi.

This denarius is part of a short lived but remarkable issue struck in early 88. It features an extremely rare obverse legend (notice the full spelling of GERMANICVS and DOMITIAN) combined with the simple design of COS XIIII across the reverse field. Also of note, the TR P and IMP numbers are absent. Only a handful of specimens are known with RIC citing 3 examples from Berlin, Madrid, and a private collection. Missing from both the BM and Paris collections. All the coins from the series are struck on large flans in fine style.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
D565.jpg
RIC 565 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.25g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR DOMITIANVS AVG GERMANICVS; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS XIIII across field; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 565 (R3). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.

This denarius features an extremely rare obverse legend (notice the full spelling of DOMITIANVS and GERMANICVS) with the rare COS XIIII legend across reverse field. It is part of a short lived series minted near the beginning of 88. The only other known specimen is in the Fitzwilliam collection, which is an obverse die match with my coin (the reverse is a die match with the RIC 564 plate coin).

Struck in high relief on a broad flan (22mm!) with an exquisite portrait, Domitian would have been very pleased. A phenomenal coin in hand regardless of rarity.
8 commentsDavid Atherton
D568_obv.JPG
RIC 568 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.12g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERMANIC COS XIIII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: CENS P P P across field; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her l. side (M3)
RIC 568 (R2). BMC 139. RSC 27. BNC 129.
Ex Harry N. Sneh Collection.

Minted in early 88 AD, the reverse features Domitian's assumption of perpetual censor. The legend CENS P P P across field is quite rare and the series of denarii this coin is apart of was quite short lived, perhaps commemorative in nature.

The portrait is done in a remarkably fine 'Flavian baroque' style and is one of the most artistically pleasing of Domitian I've ever come across. There is not a lot of wear and traces of his "mutton chop" sideburns are still visible in hand. The pleasing attributes the engraver has given Domitian here is quite commendable!

Struck on a large flan (20mm), this is one of my finest denarii of Domitian, both stylistically and fabric wise.
7 commentsDavid Atherton
D569.jpg
RIC 569 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.21g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERMANIC COS XIIII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: CENS P P P across field; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 569 (R). BMC 140. RSC 26a. BNC -.
Ex Roma E9, 30 June 2014, lot 447.

Early in 88 a remarkable series of rare issues were struck. The mark of these issues were the full spelling of GERMANICVS (also GERMANIC) on the obverse, and the reverse featuring short legends written across the field. The flans are normally large and the style quite fine. Perhaps this exceptional series is commemorative in nature: the year was full of military activity and of course the Saecular Games were held. Unusually, the TR P and IMP numbers are missing from the issue.

This denarius has all the hallmarks of this quality issue. A real beauty in hand. Same dies as the BM specimen (RIC II plate coin).
4 commentsDavid Atherton
cc17425c.jpg
RIC 572 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.42g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 572 (C3). BMC 115. RSC 235. BNC 114.
Ex Gemini X, 13 January 2013, Harry N. Sneh Collection, group lot 806. Ex Helios, November 2010 (A. Lynn Collection).

A common type from a common issue - however, the portrait is stylistically quite well done. Do not think for a moment this is how Domitian appeared in reality! The portraits of Domitian after the mint overhaul earlier in the reign became quite idealised. Those of 88 AD contain some of the finest examples of this style.

Well centred with plenty of eye appeal.
8 commentsDavid Atherton
D573.jpg
RIC 573 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.32g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERMAN P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 573 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from eBay, January 2018.

Very rare with 'GERMAN'. So rare in fact, Ian Carradice needed confirmation denarii existed with this spelling when he wrote Coinage and Finances In the Reign of Domitian in 1983. Since the publication of that work several examples have surfaced. The issue this denarius is from also features extremely rare aegis portraits. I think what we have here are the markings of a special issue, perhaps struck in conjunction with the Secular Games which were held the same year the special denarii were struck. The series also features many coins engraved in fine 'Flavian baroque' style, as clearly seen on this example.

Well centred and fine style.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D574.JPG
RIC 574 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.12g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Bust of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r. with aegis
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva adv. r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 574 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Lanz, eBay, 20 October 2013.

Early in 88 AD a special series of denarii were issued by Domitian. Style wise they are very fine and feature some rare obverse variants. I wish to present a denarius from the series which shows Domitian with aegis, the first time seen on his precious metal coinage since 84-85. Several other types in the series fully spell out "GERMAN" in the obverse instead of using the more frequent abbreviated "GERM". Why does this series contain the only example of Domitian with aegis after 85? Is there a special purpose for it?

If one is to look for anything of importance that occurred in 88, one would be hard pressed to find anything more important than the Secular Games - which indeed has known reverse types that commemorate it. Does the fine style of the series in question, combined with the only known aegis portrait issued after 85, and other coins fully spelling "GERMAN" point to a Secular Games commemorative issue? Perhaps this is the first series which commemorates the event before the specific reverse types (herald and cippus) were drawn up.

Needless to say the coin is very rare. Ian Carradice did not record the type in his 1983 monograph 'Coinage and Finances in the Reign of Domitian'. Shares the same aureus reverse die as the RIC 571 plate coin. Another example of the type from different dies was recently sold in the Harry Sneh Gemini X auction and in June 2015 Forvm member timka posted an example. These are the only three I've ever seen in trade.

Struck on a large flan (20mm) in excellent metal with dark toning.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D576.jpg
RIC 576 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.44g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 576 (C2). BMC 117. RSC 236. BNC 115.
Acquired from Pars Coins, August 2014.

Some of the denarii struck in 88 are quite exceptional in style. Both obverse and reverse dies on this denarius are good examples of that fine style, certianly not "Friday afternoon" dies. Very idealised and bordering on fine art. The fabric and centering are also quite choice. Part of the large first issue of 88.

6 commentsDavid Atherton
D577b.jpg
RIC 577 DomitianAR Denarius, 2.73g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERMAN P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 577 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Private Collection.

At first glance this Domitian Minerva denarius is nothing special, however, upon closer inspection one can see the obverse legend has the rare GERMAN spelling instead of the very common GERM. RIC cites only two specimens - one in Belgrade, another in a private collection. This is a very common issue from 88, but unusually it is peppered with scarce variants, such as this rare obverse legend. Other rarities include busts with aegis and a unique 5 aurei piece (subsequently stolen from Paris). Perhaps it's a special issue struck in conjunction with the Secular Games which were held in 88.

Worn, but with a fine style portrait.
3 commentsDavid Atherton
D580.JPG
RIC 580 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.31g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with thunderbolt and spear; shield at her l. side (M3)
RIC 580 (C3). BMC 119. RSC 234. BNC 116.

This very common denarius of 88 AD is part of the large first issue of denarii minted before September, the largest issue of the reign up to that point. Even with the mint striking such a large issue this coin shows high standards were still being maintained.

Well centered with an artistic, icy cool portrait.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D584.jpg
RIC 584 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.50g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 584 (C3). BMC 122. RSC 233. BNC 117.
Acquired from Apollo Numismatics, November 2013.

An exquisite example from the first issue of 88 AD. This first issue was quite extensive featuring many common types, including the present coin, but it also included many rare ones (see my RIC 574) and stylistically is quite impressive. In 88 Domitian held the Secular Games, which may explain the care given to the coinage that year.

A sharp denarius with little wear. Wonderful in hand.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D585.JPG
RIC 585 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.04g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERMAN P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XIIII COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. l., with spear (M4)
RIC 585 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Ex Private Collection

This denarius is from a very common issue struck in 88 which is peppered with exceedingly rare variants. Here we have an obverse legend spelling of 'GERMAN' instead of the much more common 'GERM'. The experimental nature of the scarce variants perhaps ties them with the Secular Games which were held later the same year. After 88, new legends and reverse designs did not make another appearance on Domitian's denarius issues until the last year (or months) of his reign in 95-96.

Fine portrait on a broad flan.
6 commentsDavid Atherton
D591a.jpg
RIC 591 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.45g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XV COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva adv r., with spear and shield (M1)
RIC 591 (R2). BMC 129. RSC 242. BNC 119.
Acquired from Praefectus Coins, April 2014.

88 was a busy year for Domitian. A war against the Dacians was being fought to avenge the defeat of Cornelius Fuscus (earlier in 86) by Domitian's legate Tettius Julianus, resulting in a victory at the Dacian capital of Tapae late in the year. Also, the Secular Games were held mid to late year and commemorated on the coinage after September. On 1 January 88 Domitian still held his 14th imperial acclamation, but soon he was to rack up three more by the year's end. This coin is dated by his 15th imperial acclamation, presumably from the Dacian campaign, awarded sometime in late summer just before the new title TR P VIII is recorded on the coinage in mid September. The issue this coin is from is quite rare, indicating a very small period of time it could have been struck.

A rare coin in excellent style and condition.
4 commentsDavid Atherton
D592.jpg
RIC 592 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.02g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P VII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: IMP XV COS XIIII CENS P P P; Minerva stg. r. on capital of rostral column, with spear amd shield; to r., owl (M2)
RIC 592 (R2). BMC -. RSC -. BNC -.
Acquired from eBay, May 2020. Formerly in ANACS holder 6241625, grade F 15, Damaged.

On 1 January 88 Domitian still held his 14th imperial acclamation, but soon he was to rack up three more by the year's end. This denarius is dated by his 15th imperial acclamation, presumably from a Dacian campaign battle, awarded sometime in late summer just before the new title TR P VIII is recorded on the coinage in mid September. The issue from which this coin was struck is quite rare, indicating a very small period of time it could have been struck, perhaps just a few weeks. Missing from the BM and Paris collections. RIC cites one in Madrid and another in a private collection.

Damaged, but nicely toned.
1 commentsDavid Atherton
ri663LG.jpg
RIC 596 DomitianAR Denarius, 3.34g
Rome mint, 88 AD
Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG - GERM P M TR P VIII; Head of Domitian, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: COS XIIII LVD SAEC FEC; Herald adv. l., with wand and shield
RIC 596 (C2). BMC 131. RSC 76/77. BNC 120.
Acquired from Zuzim Judaea, June 2011.

A denarius which was minted to commemorate the Secular Games Domitian held in October of 88 AD. Here we see a herald announcing the games. This reverse is the most common type of the Secular Games series and was minted in both gold and silver.

This is a wonderful coin in hand with iridescent toning and a large flan.
2 commentsDavid Atherton
296 files on 4 page(s) 2

All coins are guaranteed for eternity
Forum Ancient Coins
PO BOX 1316
MOREHEAD CITY NC 28557


252-497-2724
customerservice@forumancientcoins.com
Facebook   Instagram   Pintrest   Twitter