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Ancient Coin and trade weights
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There is considerable debate on the exact weight of the Roman pound which is the ancestor of the Byzantine pound. Generally it has been proposed that the weight of the pound become slightly lighter over the years. Simon Bendall (Byzantine weights: an Introduction, 1996) mentions that in the Geneva Museum and the Munz Zentrum sales that a number of one pound weights varied between 324 gm and 280 gm. By about 1343 there is reasonable evidence that a pound was about 304 gm, after starting at around 327 gm and this number can be disputed.
Byzantine weights are for commercial which are in pounds, ounces or fractions, or are coin weights weighted as nomismata or solidi. Six nomismata were in an ounce, hence 72 to a pound. Complicating this is that there is evidence that possibly there was a provincial pound that was spit into 14 ounces rather than 12 ounces with seven nomismata instead of six.
Typically there are symbols associated with commercial weights, and those for coins. For a variety of reasons including archeological evidence, weights are considered to belong to the sixth and seventh centuries. Often weights bear a mark of value but little else, often these are thought to be household weights. Justinian I in 545 issued edicts for certain officials to be responsible for standards and that these weights were to be kept in a church in each city. Many weights espically round ones seem expertly made possibly from a centralized area of production, but the engraving seem at times crude, suggesting that they were then engraved locally. Square weights were adjusted by filing on the edges resulting at times in a rougher looking appearance.
271 files, last one added on Dec 08, 2022 Album viewed 70 times
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Phocas 602-610 CE
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After Maurice Tiberius and his entire family was murdered, Phocas crowned himself emperor. While launching a campaign of terror and muder to keep himself in power, he met with military disaster from both the east and west. The Exarch of Africa Heraclius, sent his son also called Heraclius to Constantinople with a fleet, seized and executed Phocas.
The coins of Phocas are unusual because they revive an interest in portraiture, which the engravers of the stylized portraits of most early Byzantine emperors had long ignored. In contrast to the busts of other sixth-century emperors, the portrait of Phocas emphasizes his barbarian heritage. His pointed beard and his straight, shaggy hair give him a distinctly foreign appearance, and he wears a simple crown and a military cloak, the paludamentum, fastened with a fibula or pin on the right shoulder. His beard set a precedent for most later emperors.
5 files, last one added on Dec 09, 2018 Album viewed 4 times
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Constantine IV, Pogonatus 668-685 CE
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Faced by a siege by caliph Muawija I, of Constantinople, he was the first to use the famous "greek fire:. Though it took four years, the Arabs were forced to retreat, which prevented the Muslim tide from sweeping over a infant Europe, a moment of great historical significance. Constantine deposed his two brothers, Heraclius and Tiberius, and ruled alone until his death in 685. He was succeeded by his 16 yr old son Justinian.
5 files, last one added on Nov 30, 2016 Album viewed 4 times
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Last additions - wileyc's Gallery |

AR Denier French feudal Souvigny Denier of Souvigny abbotts
Bust Of saint Mayeul (4th Abbot of Cluny born in 906 AD in Avignon, France. He died on May 11 994 AD at Souvigny)
Obv: SCS MAILOUS
Rev: + SILVINACO cross
Mint: Souvigny
Date:1080-1213 CE
19mm; .75g
Roberts 4913, Mayhew p44-78wileycMar 08, 2023
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French Early Feudal County of GeinGeoffrey III Denier
Obv:Cross with a hammer in second quarter and a coin in third, GOESDVS COS
Rev:Monogram of Fulk, simplified,GIEMIS CΛ
Mint: Gien, france;
Some consider it to be an immobilized coinage in the name of Geoffrey II of Donzy (1055-1097), also minted under Hervé II of Donzy (1097-1121), Geoffrey III (1121-1158) and Hervé III of Donzy (1158-1187).
Date: 1120-1160
20mm; .90g
R4118;
wileycDec 21, 2022
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One solidi coin weight4.97g
11mm diameter
7mm thick
Gamma, dot, retrograde gamma. I in top rightwileycDec 08, 2022
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French Early Feudal Fulk IV-V 1069-1129Obv.: +FVLCO COMES starting at 3hr. cross pattée, omega in quadrant 3, alpha in quadrant 4
Rev.: + VRBS AIDCCSV. Around Fulk’s monogram
Mint.: Anjou
Fulk V or Geoffrey V, r. 1109-1129 or 1129-1151
Ref.: Duplessy 375, Roberts 4114
.82g, 17mmwileycNov 30, 2022
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Andronicus II/Michael IX AE trachy SBCV 2438Obv:AVTOKPATOPEC RWMAIWN, Andronicus and Michael standing facing, holding cross-in-circle on long staff between them.
Rev: Two concentric circles bisected by three vertical lines
Mint: Thessalonica mint.
Date; 1295-1320
SBCV 2458, GR 1462
21mm, 1.46g
wileycNov 30, 2022
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French Early Feudal Anonymous Counts of BearnR: +ONOR FOCAS
A over P+=PAX
Obv: CENTVLLO COMES
Mint:Bearn
Date: 905-1134
.35g
11mm
R.4182
wileycNov 27, 2022
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Anonymous Folles Class G, sbcv 1867Attributed to Romanus IV
Obv: IC-XC to left and right of bust of Christ, nimbate, facing, right hand raised, scroll in left, all within border of large dots
Rev: MP-ΘV to left and right of Mary, nimbate, hands raised, all inside border of large dots.
Mint- Constantinople
Date 1068-1071
sbcv 1867
5.85g, 28mmwileycNov 23, 2022
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Manuel I AE half tetarteronObv:P-over-w GIOC to left of bust facing of St. George, unbearded, nimbate, wearing tunic, cuirass and cloak, holding spear and shield
Rev: MANVHΛ ΔECΠOTH (or MANOVHΛ ΔEC), crowned, unbearded bust facing of Manuel, wearing loros, holding labarum and cross on globe.
Mint:greek mint
sbvc 1980
18mm, 1.94gwileycNov 23, 2022
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Annonymous Count of LaMarche denier, early feudal R: cross;LODOICVS
Obv: Cresent above cross and three annulets, EGOLISSIME
Mint: La Marche county
Date:12-13th c
.91g, 20mm
Roberts 4361
wileycNov 21, 2022
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Andronicus II/Michaek IX Copper Assyria sbcv 2435Obv: Half length fogure of Andronicus and Michael with Christ in center crowning them.
Rev: Bust of Archangel Michael
Mint: Constantinople
Date: 1295-1320
SBCV 2435 Gr. 1484
1.25g, 20mm
wileycNov 16, 2022
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Andronicus II AE TrachyObv:Lg patririarchal cross, lg reverse B, in L. field
Rev: Andronicus stg, holding cross in circle left, palaogian monogram above, star to lower r.
Mint: Thessalonica
date: 1282-1328
1.43g, 22mm
SBVC 2383
Thanks to Ross Glanfield of Glebe coins for assistance in ID.wileycNov 14, 2022
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FRANCE, Carolingian, Charles the Bald, (840-875), silver denierobv. cross in circle, CINOMANIS CIVITAS
rev. KRLS monogram, CIVIONIS CIVITS
Mint: Le Mans
Date: 84-887
1.44g,21mm
Roberts 1414
wileycNov 14, 2022
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Random files - wileyc's Gallery |

AE trachy (broken) Andronicus Palaeologus III SB 2492Obverse: Bust of Archangel Michael(?)
Reverse: Half-length figure of Andronicus holding a globus in each hand
Mint: Thessalonica
Date: 1328-1341 CE
Sear 2492
18mm .68 gmwileyc
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AE half follis Justin I SB 104Obverse: DNIVSTINVS PP AVG Diad., dr. and cuir but r. sometimes with cross above head.
Reverse: Large K; to L., long cross dividing AN above and TX below: to r. officina letter B
Mint: Antioch
Date: 518-527 CE
Sear 104, DO 50
23mm 6.86 gmwileyc
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AE follis Justinian I SB 158Obverse: DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVG, pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
Reverse: Large M. star to left, cross above, cross right, officina letter below "gamma"
Date: 527-565 CE
Mints: Constantinople
Sear 158, DOC 28
31mm, 17.68ggwileyc
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