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Low countries, silver jeton 1578: on the negotiations for the 'Union of Utrecht'Obverse: VICIT•LEO•DE•TRIBV•IVDA, rose above, Dutch lion standing left, raising sword in right paw and holding bundle of five arrows in the left
Reverse: VICTORIAE•PRAEMIV•LIBERTAS•1578 divided by mintmark (=hand), CALC•ORDINV•BELGII, bundle of seven arrows
Minted in: Antwerp (mintmark = hand)
On 23 January 1579 the 'Union of Utrecht' was signed in Utrecht, the Netherlands, which was a treaty unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609.
The sheaf of five arrows on the obverse represents the first five States which joined the Union; the sheaf of seven arrows became the symbol of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces.
RomaVictorOct 16, 2011
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Low countries, silver jeton 1581: the Dutch renounce Philip II as their kingObverse: POTIVS•MORI•QVAM•UT•CANIS•AD•VOMITVM, rose above, 1581 below, man (=representation of king Philip II) threatening to beat a dog, which refuses to eat its own vomitted food, with a morning star (=spiked club)
Reverse: PERDE•QUI•CONTRISTANT•ANIMA•MEAM, the same man (king Philip II) is being struck down by an arrow from the clouds, giving the dog the opportunity to escape
Minted in: Dordrecht
On 23 January 1579 the 'Union of Utrecht' was signed in Utrecht, the Netherlands, which was a treaty unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain. Following this, the Dutch formally declared their independence from the Spanish king Philip II in 1581. To this end the rebellious States-General of the Low Countries signed the 'Act of Abjuration' on 26 July 1581, officially declaring the throne vacant. The Dutch name for the 'Act of Abjuration': "Plakkaat van Verlatinghe", which may be translated as "Placard of Desertion", referred not to desertion of Philip by his subjects, but rather to a suggested desertion of the Dutch "flock" by their malevolent "shepherd," Philip (because of his (bad) behavior towards the Low Countries). (Source: wikipedia)
The independence from Spain is represented on this jeton as the dog (=the Dutch people) that escapes its oppressor (=king Philip II).
RomaVictorOct 16, 2011
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English grenadier of the 18th "Royal Irish" regiment of Foot, 1751The 18th was first raised in 1684, from independent garrison companies in Ireland, under the Earl of Granard and was known as Granard's Regiment of Foot. Granard's Regiment was placed on the English Establishment in 1689. The regiment saw action under King William III at the battle of the Boyne, and all throughout the Irish campaigns, including the fall of Limerick. Serving with the fleet as marines, the regiment received its first battle honor at Flanders, during the assault on the Castle of Namur on August 20, 1695. Having won the admiration of both King and Country, the regiment was designated the Royal Regiment of Ireland. During the War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714), the Royal Regiment of Ireland served with distinction at Schellenburg and Blenheim in 1704, Ramilies in 1706, Oudenarde and Lisle in 1708, Malplaquet and Tournay in 1709 and at Bouchain in 1711. In 1747, the regiment was ranked as the 18th Foot and became the 18th Regiment of Foot, or Royal Irish, in July of 1751. The regiment was disbanded after action around the globe in July 1922. (Source: fifedrum.org)
Scale of this model: 75mm (1/24)
RomaVictorSep 25, 2011
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Villanovan warrior, circa 8th century B.C.The Villanovan culture, flourishing between 1000-700 B.C., was the earliest Iron Age culture of central and northern Italy, abruptly following the Bronze Age "Terramare" culture. The name Villanovan comes from the site where the first archaeological finds relating to this advanced culture (remnants of a cemetery) were found: Villanova in northern Italy, near Bologna. Similar finds to those of the Bolognan village were discovered at urban centres across Italy, from parts of Campania in the South to the Po Valley in the North, but focused most around modern Tuscany and Lazio, equivalent to ancient Etruria.
During the 7th century B.C. the Villanovan culture began to give way to an increasingly orientalizing culture influenced by Greek traders and Greek neighbours in Magna Graecia, the Hellenic civilization of southern Italy. As a result, Villanovan culture disappeared, to be replaced by the Etruscan civilization.
Scale of this model: 75mm (1/24)RomaVictorJul 26, 2011
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1607: suspicion against peace Obverse: (rosette) MENTEMQVE•MANVMQVE•, Hermes giving the magic herb Moly to Odysseus (?) to protect him from Circe's magic/charmes, MOLY above
Reverse: NON•TEMERE•FALLITVR•NON•FIDENS, hand reaching an olive branch to armoured Dutch soldier, S•C• below
Minted in: Dordrecht
This jeton was struck to commemorate the peace negotiations in Dordrecht in 1607 - 1608 which eventually led to the 12 year peace (1609 - 1621) during the 80 year war. It was clearly struck to warn the Dutch to be wary towards any peace offerings the Spanish might make.
RomaVictorJul 19, 2011
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1603: the siege of OstendObverse: ALIVD•IN•LINGVA•ALIVD•IN•PECTORE, fox on the ground staring at cock in a tree, rosette above
Reverse: IN•ADVERSIS•VIRTVS•1603 (in chronogram), view on the town of Ostend, which is surrounded by redoubts/dugouts and trenches, rosette between pellets above
Minted in: Dordrecht
The Siege of Ostend was a three-year siege of the city of Ostend (in present-day Belgium) during the Eighty Years' War and one of the longest sieges in history. It is remembered as the bloodiest battle of the war, and culminated in a Spanish victory. It is said "the Spanish assailed the unassailable; the Dutch defended the indefensible." Described as a "long carnival of death", in 1603, General Spinola assumed command of the Spanish forces. Under his able leadership, the Spanish tore Ostend's outer defenses from the exhausted Dutch and put what remained of the city under the muzzles of their guns, compelling the Dutch to surrender. The cost of the victory was enormous: 35,000 men in the blasted trenches and dugouts surrounding the ruined city. The devastation led to the first serious discussions for peace but the negotiations, instead, produced a Twelve-Year Truce (1609-1621) between Spain and the United Provinces.
The obverse of this jeton refers to Aesop's fable of the Fox and the Crow (though a cock is depicted). This fable warns against listening to flattery.RomaVictorJul 10, 2011
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Miles Legio X, 58 - 57 B.C. (Gallic Wars)Miles or Miles Gregarius was the Roman army rank for the basic private level foot soldier.
Legio X Equestris was one of the four legions used by Julius Caesar in 58 B.C. for his invasion of Gaul. In the Gallic wars, X Equestris played an important role on Caesar's military success, fighting under Caesar in virtually every battle. For this reason the Xth is sometimes said to be his favorite. Legio X saved the day in the battle against the Nervians in 57 BC. Together with the IXth, the Xth defeated the Atrebates, moved against the Belgians on the other side of the river and captured the enemy camp. From that position, the Xth could see how desperate the situation was for the XII Victrix as well as the VIIth. So, it quickly charged downhill, crossed the river, and attacked the Nervii from the rear, trapping them so that there was little hope of survival.
In Caesar's campaigns Legio X was present in the battle against the Nervians, the invasions of Britain, and the siege of Gergovia. They remained faithful to Caesar in the civil war against Pompey, being present in the battles of Pharsalus (49 BC) and Munda (45 BC). In 45 BC Caesar disbanded the legion, giving the veterans farmlands near Narbonne. During the civil war that followed Caesar's assassination, Legio X was reconstituted by Lepidus (winter 44/43), and fought for the triumvirs until the final Battle of Philippi.
The Xth later followed Mark Antony in Armenia, during his Parthian campaign. During Antony's civil war, the legion fought for Mark Antony until the defeat in the Battle of Actium, after which the legion moved into Octavian's army. The veterans settled in Patras. When the legion rebelled under Augustus, it was disbanded, stripped of its Equestris title, and, being populated with soldiers from other legions, renamed X Gemina. (Source: wikipedia)
Scale of this model: 75mm (1/24)
RomaVictorJul 09, 2011
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Suebian warrior (Germanic tribes) circa 1st century A.D.The Suebi occupied more than half of Germany, and were divided into a number of distinct tribes under distinct names. In his Germania Tacitus mentions the Semnones as being "the oldest and noblest of the Suebi". One of the most distinguising features of the Suebic people was the so called 'Suebic knot', which is also seen on this specific model. According to Germania by Tacitus, the Suebian warriors combed their hair back or sideways and tied it into a knot, allegedly with the purpose of appearing taller and more awe-inspiring on the battlefield. Tacitus also reports that the fashion had spread to neighboring Germanic tribes among the younger warriors, while among the Suebians, the knot was sported even by old men as a status symbol, which "distinguishes the freeman from the slave", with the most artful knots worn by the most wealthy nobles.
Scale of this model: 75mm (1/24)
RomaVictorJul 09, 2011
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1595: the massacre of Doullens & the taking of Le CâteletObverse: EXPECTA•DOMINVM•VIRILITER•AGE•1595•, French King being attacked by a bear, wolf, fox and a snake, 'Jehova' in Hebrew in cloud above
Reverse: ET•ILLE•ROBORABIT•CORTVVM, coat-of-arms of Zeeland, tower between pellets above
Minted in: MiddelburgRomaVictorJul 04, 2011
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1601: the siege of RheinbergObverse: HOSTIS•DIRA•MINITANS•BERCA•PELLITVR•1601•, army of Prince Maurice besieging Rheinberg
Reverse: IRATO•NVMINE•NIL•IVVANT•VNDIQ•COLLECTAE•VIRES, rose above, Earl of Berg standing above (in the middle) with army trumpeter on his left side and army drummer on his right side, collecting troops to relieve the besieged Spanish troops in Rheinberg, 'Jehova' in Hebrew above him within a cloud
Minted in: DordrechtRomaVictorJul 03, 2011
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1579: rejection of peace & the beheading of the counts Egmont and Horne Obverse: xPRAESTAT•PVGNARE•PRO•PATRIA, Spanish cavalry and foot soldier battling with Dutch cavalry and foot soldier
Reverse: QVAM•SIMVLATA•PACE•DECIPI•1579, rose above, beheaded bodies of the counts Egmont and Horne lying on the ground, their heads on a pike
Minted in: DordrechtRomaVictorJul 03, 2011
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1590: the election of Prince Maurice of Nassau as Stadtholder of Guelders, Overijssel and UtrechtObverse: •HANC•TVEMVR•/HAC•NITIMVR•, rose on left and right between pellets, six arms (representing the provinces) holding column which rests on a bible, liberty cap on top, LIB-ERT•/RE-LIG• in left and right field
Reverse: CALC•SENAT•PROVINC•VNIT•BELGII•1590, two arms coming from clouds holding six arrows which are tied together, DEO above, IVVANTF below
Minted in: DordrechtRomaVictorJul 03, 2011
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| Random files - RomaVictor's Gallery |
Low Countries, silver jeton 1590: the capture of BredaObverse: PARATI•VINCERE•AVT•MORI•+•NONAR•MARTII, Dutch soldiers leaving ship which is carrying peat
Reverse: BREDA•A•SERVITVTE•HISPANA•VINDICATA•DVCTV•PRINCIPIS•MAVRITII•A•NASS•Anno 1590
Minted in: Dordrecht
The Siege of Breda in 1590 was an extremely short battle during the Eighty Years' War during which a Dutch army led by Maurice of Nassau captured the heavily protected city of Breda by a clever tactic reminiscent of the Trojan horse. The Dutch commander was informed that a ship carrying peat to the city was never checked by the Spanish soldiers. Together with the ship's captain he thought of a plan which involved 70 Dutch soldiers hiding in the peat. The plan worked and the city was taken with an absolute minimum of casualties on the Dutch side.RomaVictor
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Greek nobleman "Argiraspide", 5th century B.C.Scale of this model: 90mm (1/20)
RomaVictor
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Low Countries, silver jeton 1601: the siege of RheinbergObverse: HOSTIS•DIRA•MINITANS•BERCA•PELLITVR•1601•, army of Prince Maurice besieging Rheinberg
Reverse: IRATO•NVMINE•NIL•IVVANT•VNDIQ•COLLECTAE•VIRES, rose above, Earl of Berg standing above (in the middle) with army trumpeter on his left side and army drummer on his right side, collecting troops to relieve the besieged Spanish troops in Rheinberg, 'Jehova' in Hebrew above him within a cloud
Minted in: DordrechtRomaVictor
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