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Philip V, 221 - 179 BC. AE16/17 struck at an uncertain mint in Macedonia
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Obverse: No legend. Head of Zeus, wearing wreath of oak leaves, facing right.
Reverse: Athena advancing right, brandishing spear and shield. B - A across upper field; Φ in lower field to left and club in lower field to right.
Diameter: 16.24mm | Weight: 4.03gms | Die Axis: 9
SNG Copenhagen 1246 | Not in Sear GCV
Ex Wayne Phillips
Philip V was the son of Demetrios II Aetolicus and Chryseis and he was nine years old when his father died in 229 BC. Philip's great-uncle, Antigonos III Doson, administered the kingdom as regent until his death in 221 BC when Philip took the throne in his own right, he was seventeen years old.
Philip's reign was principally marked by an unsuccessful struggle with the emerging power of the Roman Republic. In 197 BC, after he was defeated at the battle of Kynoskephalia, his power was severely curtailed by Rome. Towards the end of his reign however, he allied himself with Rome in the Roman-Seleucid War and after this war the Romans allowed him to keep the territory he had conquered which included Demetrias, the Magnesian coastline of Thessaly, and a number of towns in the Malian Gulf.
Rome however, remained wary of Philip's loyalties and accusations against him by Pergamon led to Rome's constant interference in his affairs. Philip, fearing that Rome would invading Macedon and remove him as king tried to extend his influence in the Balkans. However, he was undermined by his younger son Demetrius, who was encouraged by Rome to consider the possibility of succession ahead of his older brother, Perseus. This led to a quarrel between Perseus and Demetrius which forced Philip to reluctantly execute Demetrius for treason in 180 BC.
The death of Demetrius had a severe impact on Philip's health and he died a year later at Amphipolis. He was succeeded by his eldest son Perseus, who would end up being the last king of Macedonia.
It was during the reigns of Philip V and his son Perseus, that Macedonia clashed with Rome and ultimately lost. Under Roman control Macedonia at first was formed of four independent republics without common bonds, but in 146 BC it became a Roman province and the four republics were made into administrative units. Macedonia remained the bulwark of Greece and frequently campaigned against the neighbouring tribes on the northern frontiers. Toward AD 400 Macedonia was divided into the provinces of Macedonia and Macedonia secunda, within the diocese of Moesia.
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