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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Judean & Biblical Coins| ▸ |Herodian Dynasty| ▸ |Herod Antipas||View Options:  |  |  | 
Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, 4 B.C. - 39 A.D.

Herod Antipas is best known for his role in the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth. Antipas' father, Herod the Great, designated him to succeed, but the rule of Judaea was at the whim of Augustus. Antipas and his brothers Archelaus and Philip, all raised in Rome, were each given a part of the kingdom. Antipas was given the title Tetrarch and rule of Galilee, Peraea, and Jewish Trans-Jordan. He sponsored grand construction projects at Sepphoris, Betharamphtha, and his new capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. Antipas divorced Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabataea, and married his sister-in-law and niece Herodias. The divorce led to war with Aretas, in which Herod was defeated. John the Baptist condemned the marriage, for which Antipas had him arrested and executed. The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial. Pilate handed him over to Antipas, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court. In 39 A.D., his nephew Agrippa I accused Antipas of conspiracy against the new emperor Caligula. Caligula sent him into exile in Gaul. Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. All coins of Antipas were minted in Tiberias, the capitol city he founded c. 19 A.D. and named for Tiberius. All his coins are rare and very rare in better than poor condition. They were minted with an inferior alloy that was particularly susceptible to corrosion and wear.Judaea after Herod

|Herod| |Antipas|, |Herod| |Antipas,| |Tetrarch| |of| |Galilee| |and| |Perea,| |4| |B.C.| |-| |39| |A.D.||quarter| |denomination|
Herod Antipas is best known for his roles in the crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth and the beheading of John the Baptist. When Augustus divided the kingdom of his father, Herod the Great, Antipas was made Tetrarch of Galilee, Peraea, and Jewish Trans-Jordan. His divorce from Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabataea, led to war with in which he was defeated. His marriage to his sister-in-law and niece Herodias was condemned by John the Baptist, for which he had the preacher executed. Pilate sent Jesus to him for judgement, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court. In 39 A.D., he was accused of conspiracy. Caligula exiled him to Gaul, where he died at an unknown date.JD95782. Bronze quarter denomination, Hendin 1201, Meshorer TJC 77, RPC I 4920; BMC Palestine p. 230, 9, VF, dark green patina with red earthen highlighting, tight flan, obverse a little off center, weight 4.013 g, maximum diameter 14.7 mm, die axis 315o, Galilee, Tiberias (Israel) mint, 20 - 21 A.D.; obverse TIBE/PIAC (Tiberias), within wreath; reverse HPWΔOY TETPAPXOY (of Herod the tetrarch), reed standing vertical, L - KΔ (year 24) in fields; ex Athena Numismatics, very nice for this rare type!; rare; SOLD


|Herod| |Antipas|, |Herod| |Antipas,| |Tetrarch| |of| |Galilee| |and| |Perea,| |4| |B.C.| |-| |39| |A.D.||full| |denomination|
Although he was not always sensitive to Jewish tradition, Antipas' coins carried no images, which would have violated Jewish prescriptions against idolatry. When Pontius Pilate, governor of Judea from 26 A.D. to 36 A.D., caused offense by placing votive shields in the Antonia palace at Jerusalem, Antipas and his brothers successfully petitioned for their removal.JD40717. Bronze full denomination, Hendin 1203; RPC I 4922; Meshorer TJC 79; Meshorer AJC II p. 242, 5; BMC Palestine -; SNG ANS -, VF, well centered, green patina, weight 10.628 g, maximum diameter 23.9 mm, die axis 0o, Galilee, Tiberias (Israel) mint, 29 - 30 A.D.; obverse TIBE/PIAC (Tiberias) in two lines, surrounded by wreath; reverse HPWΔOY TETPAPXOY (of Herod the tetrarch), palm frond upright with slight curves, L - ΛΓ (year 33) across fields; very rare; SOLD


|Herod| |Antipas|, |Herod| |Antipas,| |Tetrarch| |of| |Galilee| |and| |Perea,| |4| |B.C.| |-| |39| |A.D.||half| |denomination|
POSSIBLE CRUCIFIXION YEAR COIN. The Bible does not tell the date of the Crucifixion, but based on Biblical clues, the Jewish calendar and astronomical evidence many scholars believe it was Friday, April 3, 33 A.D. John the Baptist began his ministry in 28 or 29 A.D. and the Gospel of John points to three separate Passovers during Jesus' ministry. Jesus was executed on the orders of Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect of Judaea from 26 to 36 A.D. This limits the years to between 30 and 36 A.D. John P. Meier's, A Marginal Jew, cites 7 April 30 A.D., 3 April 33 A.D., and 30 March 36 A.D. as astronomically possible Friday Nisan 14 dates during this period. Isaac Newton, using the crescent of the moon, determined the year was 34 A.D. but John Pratt argued that Newton made a minor computation error and 33 A.D. was the accurate answer using Newton's method. Using similar computations, in 1990 astronomer Bradley Schaefer arrived at Friday, April 3, 33 A.D. A third method, using a completely different astronomical approach (consistent with Apostle Peter's reference to a "moon of blood" in Acts 2:20) based on a lunar Crucifixion darkness and eclipse model arrives at the same date, Friday, April 3, 33 A.D.SH06150. Bronze half denomination, Meshorer TJC 88a; Hendin 1211 var. (normal Z); RPC I 4931 var. (same); BMC Palestine p. 229, 6 var. (same), aVF, weight 6.60 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0o, Galilee, Tiberias (Israel) mint, 32 - 33 A.D.; obverse TIBE/PIAC (Tiberias), inscription in two lines, surrounded by wreath; reverse HPWΔOY TETPAPXOY (of Herod the tetrarch), palm frond upright with slight curves, L ΛΖ (year 37, Z is upside-down) across fields; artificial highlighting red patina (can easily be removed) over natural green patina; extremely rare; SOLD







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REFERENCES

Burnett, A., M. Amandry & P. Ripollès. Roman Provincial Coinage I: From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AD 69). (London, 1992 & supplements).
Fontanille, J. Menorah Coin Project, website: http://menorahcoinproject.com/
Hendin, D. Guide to Biblical Coins, 6th Edition. (Amphora, 2021).
Hill, G. Catalogue of Greek Coins in the British Museum: Palestine. (London, 1914).
Maltiel-Gerstenfeld, J. 260 Years of Ancient Jewish Coinage. (Tel Aviv, 1982).
Meshorer, Y. Ancient Jewish Coinage. (New York, 1982).
Meshorer, Y. A Treasury of Jewish Coins from the Persian Period to Bar Kokhba. (Jerusalem, 2001).
Meshorer, Y., et al. Coins of the Holy Land: The Abraham and Marian Sofaer Collection at the American Numismatic Society and The Israel Museum. ACNAC 8. (New York, 2013).
Roman Provincial Coins (RPC) Online - http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/.
Samuels, C., P. Rynearson & Y. Meshorer. The Numismatic Legacy of the Jews as depicted by a distinguished American Collection. (New York, 2000).
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 2: Asia and Africa. (London, 1979).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 7: Cyprus to India. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, USA, The Collection of the American Numismatic Society, Part 6: Palestine - South Arabia. (New York, 1981).

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