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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Byzantine Coins| ▸ |Macedonian Dynasty| ▸ |Constantine IX||View Options:  |  |  |   

Constantine IX Monomachus, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055

The reign of Constantine IX marked the beginning of a dramatic decline for the empire. Although he founded a university and surrounded himself with imperial counselors he drained the treasury and allowed the army to decline. Perhaps an indicator of his financial problems, the gold coins of his reign were debased to 18-20 carats.

|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||scyphate| |histamenon| |nomisma|
The last Viking raid on England was in 1048 A.D. The unsuccessful raiders fled to Flanders.
SH34507. Gold scyphate histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 3; Morrisson BnF 4 - 10; Wroth BMC (Constantine VIII) 6 - 9; Ratto (Constantine VIII) 1970; Sommer 48.3; Berk 304; SBCV 1830, Choice EF, scyphate, weight 4.367 g, maximum diameter 27.4 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XPS REX REGNANTIhm (Jesus Christ King of Kings), bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger with crescents in upper quarters, tunic and himation, raising right hand in blessing, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jewels around neck, jeweled chlamys, long cross scepter in right, globe surmounted by pellet cross in left, triple border; SOLD


|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||scyphate| |histamenon| |nomisma|
The first contact between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuks was in 1046 A.D.
SH43251. Gold scyphate histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 3; Morrisson BnF 4 - 10; Wroth BMC (Constantine VIII) 6 - 9; Ratto (Constantine VIII) 1970; Sommer 48.3; Berk 304; SBCV 1830, Choice EF, scyphate, weight 4.422 g, maximum diameter 28.7 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XPS REX REGNANTIhm (Jesus Christ King of Kings), bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger with crescents in upper quarters, tunic and himation, raising right hand in blessing, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jewels around neck, jeweled chlamys, long cross scepter in right, globe surmounted by pellet cross in left, triple border; SOLD


|Constantine| |IX|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||histamenon| |nomisma|
In 1047, Constantine's nephew, general Leo Tornikios rebelled and besieged Constantinople from 25 to 28 September. Two assaults on the walls were turned back by the defenders under the personal leadership of Constantine. Despite suffering from gout and having no military experience, he showed courage and energy. Tornikios was forced to withdraw. After a failed attack on Rhaidestos, his followers abandoned him. He found refuge in a church, but was lured out, captured, and on Christmas day, he was blinded at Constantinople. Nothing thereafter is known about him.
SH94417. Gold histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 1a, Wroth BMC 8 - 11, Morrisson BnF 1, Ratto 1987, Sommer 48.1, SBCV 1828, Choice aEF, excellent centering and strike, weight 4.375 g, maximum diameter 28.9 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XIS REX REGNANTInm (Jesus Christ, King of Kings), Christ enthroned facing on lyre-backed throne, wearing nimbus cruciger (halo with cross), tunic and himation, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm (Constantine King of the Romans), bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jeweled chlamys, cruciform scepter in right, globe surmounted by patriarchal cross in left, triple border; from the Robert Watcher Collection; SOLD


|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||scyphate| |histamenon| |nomisma|
In 1047, Constantine's nephew, general Leo Tornikios rebelled and besieged Constantinople from 25 to 28 September. Two assaults on the walls were turned back by the defenders under the personal leadership of Constantine. Despite suffering from gout and having no military experience, he showed courage and energy. Tornikios was forced to withdraw. After a failed attack on Rhaidestos, his followers abandoned him. He found refuge in a church, but was lured out, captured, and on Christmas day, he was blinded at Constantinople. Nothing thereafter is known about him.
SH95130. Gold scyphate histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 3; Morrisson BnF 4 - 10; Wroth BMC (Constantine VIII) 6 - 9; Ratto (Constantine VIII) 1970; Sommer 48.3; Berk 304; SBCV 1830, EF, well centered and struck, beautiful depiction of Christ, scyphate, weight 4.373 g, maximum diameter 27.7 mm, die axis 150o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XPS REX REGNANTIhm (Jesus Christ King of Kings), bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger with crescents in upper quarters, tunic and himation, raising right hand in blessing, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jewels around neck, jeweled chlamys, long cross scepter in right, globe surmounted by pellet cross in left, triple border; from the CEB Collection, ex Edward J. Waddell; SOLD


|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||tetarteron|
"CONSTANTINOPOLIS (Istanbul, Turkey - 41°02'N, 28°57'E), founded as Byzantium about 660 BC by Greeks from Megara, is located on the European side of the southern end of the Bosporus. It became a Roman ally in the second century BC, and maintained independent status until at least the first century AD. It was destroyed by Septimius Severus for aiding Pescennius Niger, but rebuilt within the same reign. Constantine I re-founded it as his capital, gave it his name, and opened a mint which struck for over 1,100 years under the Romans and Byzantines. It became the capital of the Byzantine Empire."- from Moneta Historical Research by Tom Schroer
SH06227. Gold tetarteron, DOC III-2 6; Wroth BMC 4 - 5; Morrisson BnF 16-21; Ratto 1986; SBCV 1833; Berk 307, weight 4.04 g, maximum diameter 18.6 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, obverse + Ihs XPS REX REGNANTINM (partially blundered), bust of Christ Pantocrator facing, wearing nimbus cruciger (halo with cross), tunic and himation, right raised in blessing, holding gospels in left, single border; reverse CWNSAnTn BASILEWS Rm (very blundered), bearded bust of Constantine XI facing wearing crown with cross and pendilia, jewels around neck, and jeweled chlamys, and holding labarum in right and globe surmounted by pellet cross in left; from the Woolslayer Collection; scarce; SOLD


|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||histamenon| |nomisma|
In 1047, Constantine's nephew, general Leo Tornikios rebelled and besieged Constantinople from 25 to 28 September. Two assaults on the walls were turned back by the defenders under the personal leadership of Constantine. Despite suffering from gout and having no military experience, he showed courage and energy. Tornikios was forced to withdraw. After a failed attack on Rhaidestos, his followers abandoned him. He found refuge in a church, but was lured out, captured, and on Christmas day, he was blinded at Constantinople. Nothing thereafter is known about him.
SH53610. Gold histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 1a; Wroth BMC 8 - 11; Morrisson BnF 1; Ratto 1987; Sommer 48.1; SBCV 1828, gVF, scyphate, beautiful!, weight 4.321 g, maximum diameter 28.7 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XIS REX REGNANTInm, Christ enthroned facing on lyre-backed throne, wearing nimbus cruciger (halo with cross), tunic and himation, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jeweled chlamys, cruciform scepter in right, globe surmounted by patriarchal cross in left, triple border; SOLD


Constantine IX Monomachus, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055

|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||scyphate| |histamenon| |nomisma|
In 1047, Constantine's nephew, general Leo Tornikios rebelled and besieged Constantinople from 25 to 28 September. Two assaults on the walls were turned back by the defenders under the personal leadership of Constantine. Despite suffering from gout and having no military experience, he showed courage and energy. Tornikios was forced to withdraw. After a failed attack on Rhaidestos, his followers abandoned him. He found refuge in a church, but was lured out, captured, and on Christmas day, he was blinded at Constantinople. Nothing thereafter is known about him.
SH73345. Gold scyphate histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 3; Morrisson BnF 4 - 10; Wroth BMC (Constantine VIII) 6 - 9; Ratto (Constantine VIII) 1970; Sommer 48.3; Berk 304; SBCV 1830, EF, scyphate, mint luster, well centered, weight 4.394 g, maximum diameter 27.4 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XPS REX REGNANTIhm (Jesus Christ King of Kings), bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger with crescents in upper quarters, tunic and himation, raising right hand in blessing, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jewels around neck, jeweled chlamys, long cross scepter in right, globe surmounted by pellet cross in left, triple border; ex Stack's, Bowers and Ponterio sale 172 (Baltimore, 16 Nov 2012), lot 11840; SOLD


Constantine IX Monomachus, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055

|Constantine| |IX|, |Constantine| |IX| |Monomachus,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055||scyphate| |miliaresion|
The full inscription runs from the obverse legend to the reverse legend, + ΔECΠOINA CWZOIC EVCEBH MONOMAXON, "O Lady, preserve the pious Monomachus." In DOC III, Grierson writes, "They may perhaps have been struck when the rebel Leo Tornikes appeared before the walls of Constantinople in September 1047, but there were too many other occasions in the reign when Constantine must have felt the desirability of the Virgin's protection for this to be more then a conjecture."
BZ86355. Silver scyphate miliaresion, DOC III-2 7; Wroth BMC 16; Morrisson BnF 1; Ratto ; Sommer 48.7; SBCV 1834; none with this legend error, F/VF, well centered, toned, marks, edge crack, holed (frequent for the type), weight 2.801 g, maximum diameter 26.7 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse + ΔECΠOINA CWZOIC, The Virgin Mary, orans, standing facing on dais, nimbate, wearing tunic and maphorion, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: Mother of God) across field; reverse EVCEBH MONOMAXNON (sic, should end ...XON), Constantine standing facing, bearded, crown with cross and pendilia, military attire consisting of scale armor cuirass, cloak, tunic, and high boots, long cross with pellets at ends in right hand, left hand wresting on sheathed sword with point grounded; scarce; SOLD


Byzantine Anonymous Follis of Christ, Class D, Constantine IX, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055 A.D.

|Anonymous| |Folles|, |Byzantine| |Anonymous| |Follis| |of| |Christ,| |Class| |D,| |Constantine| |IX,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055| |A.D.||anonymous| |follis|
The emperor's name and portrait are not part of the design on the Byzantine types referred to as anonymous folles. Instead of the earthly king, these coins depict Jesus Christ, King of Kings.
BZ77165. Bronze anonymous follis, Anonymous follis of Christ, DOC III-2, class D, pp. 685 - 687; Wroth BMC 10; Ratto 2015; SBCV 1836; Sommer 40.6, gVF, nice green patina, overstruck, weight 9.633 g, maximum diameter 28.3 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 1050 - 1055 A.D.; obverse Christ seated facing on throne with back, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium, and colobium, and Gospels in both hands, IC - XC (Greek abbreviation: Ihsoús Xristós - Jesus Christ) across field; reverse IS XS / bASILE / bASIL (Jesus Christ, King of Kings) in three lines, ornamental lines and cross above, ornamental lines and crescent below; SOLD


Byzantine Anonymous Follis of Christ, Class D, Constantine IX, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055 A.D.

|Anonymous| |Folles|, |Byzantine| |Anonymous| |Follis| |of| |Christ,| |Class| |D,| |Constantine| |IX,| |12| |June| |1042| |-| |11| |January| |1055| |A.D.||anonymous| |follis|
The emperor's name and portrait are not part of the design on the Byzantine types referred to as anonymous folles. Instead of the earthly king, these coins depict Jesus Christ, King of Kings.
BZ37070. Bronze anonymous follis, Anonymous follis of Christ, DOC III-2, class D, pp. 685 - 687; Wroth BMC 10; Ratto 2015; SBCV 1836; Sommer 40.6, gVF, full detail on Christ's face, excellent centering, partially uncleaned, weight 8.513 g, maximum diameter 29.3 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 1050 - 1055 A.D.; obverse Christ seated facing on throne with back, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium, and colobium, and Gospels in both hands, IC - XC (Greek abbreviation: Ihsoús Xristós - Jesus Christ) across field; reverse IS XS / bASILE / bASIL (Jesus Christ, King of Kings) in three lines, ornamental lines and cross above, ornamental lines and crescent below; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Bates, G. Archaeological Exploration of Sardis: Byzantine Coins. Sardis Monograph 1. (Cambridge, 1971).
Berk, H. Eastern Roman Successors of the Sestertius. (Chicago, 1987).
Berk, H. Roman Gold Coins of the Medieval World, 383 - 1453 A.D. (Joliet, IL, 1986).
Grierson, P. Byzantine Coins. (London, 1982).
Grierson, P. Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection, Vol III, Part 2: Basil I to Nicephorus III, 867-1081. (Washington D.C., 1973).
Morrisson, C. Catalogue des Monnaies Byzantines de la Bibliothèque Nationale II, 711 - 1204. (Paris, 1970).
Ratto, R. Monnaies Byzantines et d'autre Pays contemporaines à l'époque byzantine. (Lugano, 1930).
Sabatier, J. Description générale des monnaies Byzantines. (Paris, 1863).
Sear, D. Byzantine Coins and Their Values. (London, 1987).
Sommer, A. Die Münzen des Byzantinischen Reiches 491-1453. Mit einem Anhang: Die Münzen des Kaiserreichs von Trapezunt. (Regenstauf, 2010).
Tolstoi, I. Monnaies byzantines. (St. Petersburg, 1913 - 14).
Wroth, W. Catalogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum. (London, 1908).

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