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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Byzantine Coins| ▸ |Heraclean Dynasty| ▸ |Constans II||View Options:  |  |  |   

Constans II, September 641 - 15 July 668 A.D.

Joint rule with Heraclonas (his uncle), September - October 641 A.D.
Joint rule with Constantine IV (his son), 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.
Joint rule with Constantine IV, Heraclius and Tiberius (his sons), 2 June 659 - 15 July 668 A.D.

The son of Heraclius Constantine, Constans II was made co-emperor by his uncle, Heraclonas. He officialy ruled as Constantine. Constans was a nickname first used in Byzantine texts. Later in life, he was called Constans II Pogonatos, "the Bearded." Shortly after his elevation, the unpopular Heraclonas was deposed, mutilated and banished. During the reign of Constans II, Egypt was lost and would never again be part of the empire. Unpopular in Constantinople, near the end of his reign, he moved his capital to Syracuse, Sicily. Due to this unpopular move and his tyrannical behavior, he was assassinated in 668 and the capital was returned to Constantinople. He was succeeded by his sons, with Constantine IV assuming the role as senior emperor.
Map of Europe 650 AD

Byzantine Empire, Constans II and Constantine IV, 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II| |and| |Constantine| |IV,| |13| |April| |654| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
In 659, Constans II signed a peace treaty with the Rashidun Caliphate. He used the pause to strengthen his defenses and consolidate Byzantine control over Armenia. Constans established the themata; dividing territorial command in Anatolia.
SH73336. Gold solidus, Hahn MIB 69; Ratto 1595; DOC II-2 124 (not in the collection, refs Ratto); SRCV 1042; Morrisson BnF -; Wroth BMC -; et al. -, VF, small thick flan with most obverse legend off flan as is normal for the type, weight 4.384 g, maximum diameter 11.6 mm, die axis 180o, Carthage (near Tunis, Tunisia) mint, 659 - 660 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANT (or similar), facing busts of Constans II, on left, with long beard and moustache, holding globus cruciger in right, and Constantine IV, beardless, each wearing crown with cross and chlamys, pellet between heads; reverse VICTO-R AΣ Γ (Carthage indictional year 3), cross potent on three steps, star(?) in left field, CONOB in exergue; we believe this is only the 3rd known example of this type with the star(?) left; extremely rare; SOLD


|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II,| |September| |641| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
Constans was a nickname given to the Emperor, who had been baptized Flavius Heraclius (Flavios Herakleios) and reigned officially as "Constantine." This nickname, established in Byzantine texts, has become standard in modern historiography. Later in life he was nicknamed Pogonatos "the Bearded," for reasons obvious on his coinage.
SH98728. Gold solidus, DOC II-2 19j (not in the collection), Morrisson BnF 13/Cp/AV/41, Wroth BMC 30, Tolstoi 46, Hahn MIB 23, Sommer 12.15, SBCV 956, Choice aEF, well centered, double strike, nose and parts of legends not fully struck, light marks, weight 4.457 g, maximum diameter 20.0 mm, die axis 180o, 3rd officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 651 - 654 A.D.; obverse d N CONSTANTINUS P P AV, crowned bust facing, long beard and mustache, wears chlamys, globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGY Γ (victory of the Emperor, 3rd officina), cross potent on three steps, CONOB in exergue; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II and Constantine IV, 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II| |and| |Constantine| |IV,| |13| |April| |654| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
Constans II, was baptized Herakleios and reigned officially as Constantine. He was only 10 years old when he was made emperor. Constans was his diminutive nickname, which has become standard in modern historiography. Later in life he was also called Constantine the Bearded (Konstantinos Pogonatos). Shortly after he was made co-emperor, his uncle Heraclonas was deposed, mutilated and banished. During his rule Egypt was permanently lost. He moved the capital to Syracuse, but this and his tyrannical behavior led to his assassination.
SH99916. Gold solidus, Hahn MIB 28, SBCV 960 (lists 9th officina), Sommer 12.19, DOC II-2 26 var. (officina unlisted),, EF, tight flan, mint luster, light marks, weight 4.420 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 654 - 659 A.D.; obverse d N CONSTANTINuS E CONSTAN (or similar), facing busts of Constans & Constantine IV (beardless) each wearing crown and chlamys, cross between their heads; reverse VICTORIA AVGY Θ (victory of the Emperor, 9th officina), cross potent on three steps, CONOBI in exergue; rare officina, scarce type; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II and Constantine IV, 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II| |and| |Constantine| |IV,| |13| |April| |654| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
Certificate of Authenticity issued by David R. Sear.
SH19040. Gold solidus, SBCV 963; Hahn MIB 30; DOC II-2 29 (officina not listed), EF, some double-striking on obverse, surface flaw in reverse field to left of cross, weight 4.466 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 225o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 659 - 661 A.D.; obverse d N CONSTANΓINo (sic), facing busts of Constans & Constantine IV, Constans wears plumed helmet, Constantine a helmet with cross, small cross between heads; reverse VICTORI-A A-VGU Δ + CoNoB, cross on globus between facing figures of Heraclius (left) and Tiberius, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger; from the Woolslayer Collection; scarce; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II and Constantine IV, 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II| |and| |Constantine| |IV,| |13| |April| |654| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
In 663, Constans II visited Rome for twelve days - the only emperor to set foot in Rome for two centuries! He was received with great honor by pope Vitalian. Constans II gave the order to strip buildings, including the Pantheon, of their ornaments to be carried back to Constantinople.
SH76120. Gold solidus, DOC II-2 30, Hahn MIB 31, Sommer 12.23, SBCV 964, EF, well centered on a crowded flan, better than average strike but with small weak areas, weight 4.355 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 661 - 663 A.D.; obverse d N CONSTANTI (or similar, blundered fragmentary legend), facing busts of Constans & Constantine IV, Constans wears plumed helmet, Constantine a helmet with cross, small cross between heads; reverse VICTORIA AVGY (victory of the Emperor) [officina number mostly off flan], cross potent on three steps between Heraclius (left) and Tiberius standing facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right, CONOB in exergue; scarce; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II and Constantine IV, 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II| |and| |Constantine| |IV,| |13| |April| |654| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
In 662, Constans II invaded south Italy.
SH56781. Gold solidus, Hahn MIB 38; Tolstoi 303; DOC II-2 33e (not held in the collection, refs Tolstoi); SBCV 967, aEF, graffiti, clipped, weight 4.326 g, maximum diameter 19.1 mm, die axis 180o, 6th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 661 - 663 A.D.; obverse [legend fragmentary], facing busts of Constans & Constantine IV, Constans wears plumed helmet, Constantine a helmet with cross, small cross between heads; reverse VICTORIA AVGU Z S (Z reversed, S vertical and reversed), cross potent on three steps between Heraclius (left) and Tiberius standing facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right, CONOB in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II,| |September| |641| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
In 647 A.D., Gregory the Patrician declared himself emperor in the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa. An Arab army of 20,000 men under Abdullah ibn Sa'ad invaded Africa, taking Tripolitania and the city of Sufetula (240 km south of Carthage). Gregory was killed during the invasion. Africa returned to imperial allegiance after his death, but the foundation of Byzantine rule was fatally undermined.
SH94411. Gold solidus, Ratto 1509; DOC II-2 5e (not in the collection but refs. Ratto); Hahn MIB 9; SBCV 942; Sommer 12.7; Morrisson BnF -; Wroth BMC -; Tolstoi -, Choice VF, well centered, small graffito reverse inner right, weight 4.415 g, maximum diameter 20.1 mm, die axis 180o, 10th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 647 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANTINVS P P AVG, bust facing with short beard indicated by a single row of dots, wearing chlamys, tablion ornamented with pellets, and crown with cross on circlet, globus cruciger in right hand; reverse VICTORIA AVGY I (victory of the Emperor, 10th officina), cross potent on three steps, E (indiction year 5) right, CONOB in exergue; scarce officina; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II, September 641 - 15 July 668 A.D. (Or Heraclonas, April - Sep 641)

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II,| |September| |641| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.| |(Or| |Heraclonas,| |April| |-| |Sep| |641)||solidus|
Philip Grierson (DOC II) and Cecile Morrisson (Morrisson BnF) attribute this type to the short reign of Heraclonas, April - Sep 641 A.D.
SH94501. Gold solidus, DOC II, part 2, Heraclonas 2d; Morrisson BnF Heraclonas 12/Cp/AV/02; Hahn MIB 4a; Sommer 12.2; SBCV 937; Wroth BMC -; Tolstoi -; Ratto -, VF, light scratches and marks, die wear, die breaks, weight 4.267 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 180o, 10th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 641- 647 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANTINVS P P AVG, bust facing with short beard indicated by a single row of dots, wearing chlamys, tablion ornamented with pellets, and crown with cross on circlet, globus cruciger in right hand; reverse VICTORIA AVGY I (victory of the Emperor, 10th officina), cross potent on three steps, CONOBK in exergue; 640from the Ray Nouri Collection; scarce; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II, September 641 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II,| |September| |641| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
Constans was a nickname given to the Emperor, who had been baptized Flavius Heraclius (Flavios Herakleios) and reigned officially as "Constantine." This nickname, established in Byzantine texts, has become standard in modern historiography. Later in life he was nicknamed Pogonatos "the Bearded," for reasons obvious on his coinage.
SH81741. Gold solidus, DOC II-2 21b (not in the collection), Tolstoi 50, Hahn MIB 24, Sommer 12.17, SBCV 958, Morrisson BnF -, Ratto -, aEF, graffiti, obverse slightly off-center, graffiti on the reverse in the right field and below the mint mark, weight 4.470 g, maximum diameter 20.0 mm, die axis 225o, 5th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 651 - 654 A.D.; obverse d N CONSTANTINUS PP AV, crowned bust facing, long beard and mustache, wears chlamys, globus cruciger in right; reverse VICTORIA AVGY E (victory of the Emperor, 5th officina), cross potent on three steps, CONOB+ in exergue; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Constans II and Constantine IV, 13 April 654 - 15 July 668 A.D.

|Constans| |II|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Constans| |II| |and| |Constantine| |IV,| |13| |April| |654| |-| |15| |July| |668| |A.D.||solidus|
In 663, Constans II launched an assault against the Duchy of Benevento (Southern Italy). Taking advantage of the fact that Lombard king Grimoald I was engaged against Frankish forces from Neustria, Constans disembarked at Taranto and besieged Luceria and Benevento.
SH76121. Gold solidus, Morrisson BnF 13/Cp/AV/64; Wroth BMC 61; Tolstoi 298; DOC II-2 36a (not in the coll., refs. W. & T.); Hahn MIB 34; SBCV 969; Ratto -; Sommer -, EF, well centered on a tight flan, weight 4.498 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 180o, 5th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 661 - 663 A.D.; obverse D N COI-N (blundered fragmentary legend), facing busts of Constans & Constantine IV, Constans wears plumed helmet, Constantine a helmet with cross, small cross between heads; reverse VICTORIA AVGY E (victory of the Emperor, 5th officina), cross potent on three steps between Heraclius (left) and Tiberius standing facing, each wears crown and chlamys and holds globus cruciger in right, CONOBΘ in exergue; scarce; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

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Ranieri, E. La monetazione di Ravenna antica dal V all' VIII secolo: impero romano e bizantino, regno ostrogoto e langobardo. (Bologna, 2006).
Ratto, R. Monnaies Byzantines et d'autre Pays contemporaines à l'époque byzantine. (Lugano, 1930).
Ricotti-Prina, D. "La monetazione siciliana nell'epoca bizantina" in Numismatica 16 (1950), pp. 26 - 60.
Sabatier, J. Description générale des monnaies Byzantines. (Paris, 1863).
Sear, D. Byzantine Coins and Their Values. (London, 1987).
Tolstoi, I. Monnaies byzantines. (St. Petersburg, 1913 - 14).
Wroth, W. Catalogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum. (London, 1908).
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