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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Crisis & Decline| ▸ |Salonina||View Options:   | | | Salonina was the wife of emperor Gallienus. A very beautiful and intelligent woman, she was extremely loyal to her husband. Opinion is divided as to whether she was murdered in the purge of Gallienus family after his murder, or if she survived. |
Juno was the chief female divinity in the Roman pantheon. She was the wife of Jupiter and a member of the Capitoline Triad. She had many different aspects, such as Juno Moneta, Juno Sospita, and Juno Lucina, but here she is depicted as Juno Regina, "Juno the Queen." Juno is usually shown holding a patera, scepter or a statuette of Athena, and is often accompanied by a peacock.SH11061. Silvered antoninianus, Göbl MIR 1619m var. (crescent vice star), RSC 67b, RIC V-1 S92, SRCV III 10641, Hunter IV - (p. lxxiii), superb EF, full silvering, great centering and strike with nice dies, weight 3.708 g, maximum diameter 21.1 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, c. 264 A.D.; obverse SALONINA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, hair in horizontal ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head, bust resting on thin crescent; reverse IVNO REGINA, Juno standing slightly left, veiled head left, patera in right hand, long scepter in left hand, peacock left at feet on left, star upper left; ex Colosseum Coin Exchange; very rare; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia
This type is unpublished and missing from the ANS, Coin Archives, Wildwinds, and Asia Minor Coins databases online. After an exhaustive search we found one other example of this type. The only other example know to Forum is on our own website, in the Forum Ancient Coins Members' Gallery, Countermarks Theme Gallery - https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-9970. Both coins were struck with the same dies.RP88898. Bronze 5 assaria, BMC Lycia -, SNG BnF -, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, SNG Leypold -, SNG Hunterian -, SNG Righetti -, Lindgren -; c/m: Howgego 805 (169 pcs.), F, well centered on a broad flan, porous, reverse rough, weight 13.130 g, maximum diameter 29.1 mm, die axis 45o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, c. 254 - 260 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIA CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, star above, IA (mark of value) before neck, countermark: E in a 7mm round punch over mark of value (revaluation to 5 assaria); reverse CIΔHTΩN NEΩKOPΩN, Tyche standing slightly left, head left, kalathos on head, rudder held by tiller in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; big 29mm bronze, apparently unpublished, extremely rare, and only the second specimen of the type known to Forum; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt
Tyche (Greek for luck; the Roman equivalent was Fortuna) was the presiding tutelary deity that governed the fortune and prosperity of a city, its destiny. Increasingly during the Hellenistic period, cities had their own specific iconic version of Tyche, wearing a mural crown (a crown like the walls of the city).SH66838. Billon tetradrachm, Dattari 5342; Geissen 2982; Kampmann-Ganschow 91.47; SRCV III 10716; BMC Alexandria p. 2266; Milne 4140, Choice aEF, nice portrait, excellent centering, edge cracks, weight 11.345 g, maximum diameter 23.7 mm, die axis 315o, Alexandria mint, 29 Aug 266 - 28 Aug 267 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIA CAΛWNEINA CEB, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges and in plait looped below ear; reverse Tyche reclining left on couch, kalathos on head, rudder in right hand, LIΔ (year 14) above; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta, 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Tarsos, Cilicia
The inscription A M K Γ Γ is a boast of this city, Πρωτη Mεγιστη Kαλλιστη, meaning First (A is the Greek number one), Greatest, and Most Beautiful of the three (Γ is the Greek number three) adjoining provinces (Cilicia, Isauria, Lycaonia). The final Γ (Γ is the Greek number three) indicates the city held three neokorie, temples dedicated to the imperial cult.RP99408. Bronze AE 29, SNG BnF 1837; SNG Levante 1198; SNGvA 6082; BMC Lycaonia p. 230, 329, aVF, full flan, some reverse roughness, weight 15.837 g, maximum diameter 29.2 mm, die axis 0o, Tarsos (Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey) mint, obverse KOPNHΛIAN CAΛΩNINAN CE, draped (and cuirassed?) bust right, wearing stephane, crescent behind shoulders, all within wreath; reverse TAPCOV MHTPOΠOΛEΩC, Cybele seated right, wearing tall turreted crown (kalathos?), long scepter in left hand over left shoulder, drum on seat behind, two lions at her feet, A M / K - Γ / Γ across fields in two lines; ex Savoca Numismatik auction 118 (21 Nov 2021), lot 336; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Tyre, Phoenicia
Unpublished in the major references. According to BMC p. cxliii, N - Γ across fields had (by 1910) been recorded on only a single coin of Tyre, a coin of Gallienus from the Pellerin collection, now in Paris. Pellerin suggested they mean "Year 53" since the foundation of Tyre as a colony (c. 198 - 211 A.D.) G.F. Hill cautions, however, that we cannot be certain the letters are a date, "isolated as their appearance is." Cicero affirms that the Syrian Venus was Astarte who was said to have been married to Adonis (lib. iii. De Nat. Deor.).RP06867. Bronze AE 27, BMC Phoenicia -, Lindgren -, SNG Cop, SGICV -, F, weight 9.33 g, maximum diameter 27.1 mm, die axis 0o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, 253 - 268 A.D.; obverse CORNE SALONINA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head; reverse COL TYRO MET, Venus-Astarte nude to the waist(?), holding scepter in right and raising skirt with left, N - Γ (year 53?) across fields, murex shell right; extremely rare; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Wife of Gallienus, Side, Pamphylia
| The great ruins of Side are among the most notable in Asia Minor. The well-preserved city walls provide an entrance to the site through the Hellenistic main gate. Next comes the colonnaded street, all that remains of the marble columns are a few broken stubs. The street leads to the public bath, restored as a museum. Next is the square commercial agora with the remains of a round Temple of Tyche in the middle. The agora was a trading center where pirates sold slaves. The remains of the theater, which was used for gladiator fights and later as a church, and the monumental gate date back to the 2nd century. The early Roman Temple of Dionysus is near the theater. The fountain gracing the entrance is restored. At the left side are the remains of a Byzantine Basilica. The remaining ruins of Side include three temples, an aqueduct, and a nymphaeum. The photograph right is a panorama of the ruins of the commercial agora. |  |
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Wife of Gallienus, Side, Pamphylia
IA is a mark of value. IA is the Greek additive number eleven (I = 10, A = 1, I + A = 11). Some references and sales listings identify this type with a value of eleven units. Eleven seems quite an odd denomination. We believe IA should be read as 10 assaria, the A abbreviating assaria. Most of these IA coins were later countermarked E, devaluing them to 5 assaria. At the same time other coins were struck with the mark of value I (only, without the A), 10 assaria.RP88902. Bronze 10 assaria, SNG BnF 940; BMC Lycia p. 162, 120; SNG Cop -; SNGvA -; SNG PfPs -; SNG Righetti -; SNG Hunterian -; Waddington -; Lindgren -, F, well centered, legend not fully struck, porous , weight 13.978 g, maximum diameter 28.7 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, 254 - 260 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIA CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, star above, IA (10 assaria) before; reverse CIΔHTΩN NEΩKOPΩN, Athena standing facing, helmeted head left, temple model in extended right hand, vertical spear and grounded shield in left hand; zero sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades, we could not find another example online; very rare; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia
A neocorate was a honor granted by the Roman Senate and the Roman Emperor to certain cities which had built temples to the Emperor or had established cults dedicated to members of the Imperial family. The city itself was referred to as neokoros (pl. neokoroi). A temple dedicated to the emperor was also called neocorate. These titles came from the Greek word NΕΩKOPOΣ, literally a temple-sweeper (NΕΩΣ, temple, KOPΕIN, to sweep), and was also used for a temple attendant and for a priestly holder of high rank who was in charge of a temple. The first city to use the title was Ephesus for its Temple of the Sebastoi. Starting in the 2nd century A.D., the title appeared on many coins. There were approximately 37 cities holding the neocorate, concentrated in the province of Asia, but also in neighboring provinces.RP82147. Bronze 10 assaria, SNGvA 4863, BMC Lycia -, SNG BnF -, SNG Cop -, SNG PfPs -, SNG Leypold -, aVF, well centered, grainy, porous, weight 21.273 g, maximum diameter 29.2 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, sole rule of Gallienus, c. 260 - Sep 268 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIANT CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, thin crescent behind shoulders, I before; reverse CIΔH/TΩN N/EΩΗKOΠWHN in four lines within laurel wreath closed at the top by A (a boast that Side is first or best - A is the Greek number one); only one sale recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; very rare; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia
Side was founded by Greeks from Cyme, Aeolis, most likely in the 7th century B.C. The settlers started using the local language and over time forgot their native Greek. Excavations have revealed inscriptions written in this language, still undeciphered, dating from as late as the 2nd century B.C. The name Side is from this indigenous Anatolian language and means pomegranate.RP82148. Bronze 5 assaria, BMC Lycia p. 163, 125; c/m: Howgego 805 (169 pcs), Choice F, full circles centering, weight 16.493 g, maximum diameter 30.9 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, Aug 254 - 260 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIANT CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, star above; countermark on right: E (5 assaria) in 7.5mm round punch obliterating prior mark of value; reverse CIΔHTΩN NEΩKOPΩN, figure (Dionysos?), legs crossed, resting left elbow on column, holding scepter or thyrsus; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Wife of Gallienus, Side, Pamphylia
Salonina was the wife of emperor Gallienus. A very beautiful and intelligent woman, she was extremely loyal to her husband. Opinion is divided as to whether she was murdered in the purge of Gallienus' family after his murder, or if she survived.RP88904. Bronze 5 assaria, SNG Cop 433; BMC Lycia p. 162, 122; SNG BnF -; SNG PfPs -, SNGvA -; SNG Righetti -; SNG Hunterian -; Lindgren -; c/m: Howgego 805 (169 pcs), F, broad flan, uneven strike, edge splits, porous, weight 16.731 g, maximum diameter 34.9 mm, die axis 210o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, 254 - 260 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIA CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, pomegranate on branch above, eagle with wings open below; countermark on right: E (5 assaria) in 7.5mm round punch obliterating IA (prior mark of value); reverse CIΔHTΩN NEΩKOPΩN, prize urn, containing two palm fronds, on tripod; only one sale recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; very rare; SOLD
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