Roman Republic Coins of 99-50 B.C.

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150-100 B.C.

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Roman Republic, 99 - 50 B.C.

Roman Republic, Q. Pomponius Musa, 66 B.C.

Many of the Roman moneyers had a solid sense of humor and word play with homonyms was very popular. Pomponius Musa, playing on his name, issued ten types each depicting Hercules Musagetes (Conductor of the Muses) or one of nine different Muses, creating one of the most interesting and sought after series of the Republican coinage. This coin depicts Melpomene, the muse of Tragedy.RR89043. Silver denarius, RSC I Pomponia 14, Crawford 410/4, Sydenham 816, SRCV I 354, VF, attractive head of Apollo, light toning, light marks, off center, some encrustation, weight 3.453 g, maximum diameter 18.4 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 66 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo right, scepter behind; reverse Melpomene, muse of tragedy, standing left, resting right hand on club, tragic mask in left, MVSA downward on left, Q POMPONI downward on right; ex Harlan J. Berk auction 156, lot 242; ~~$380.00~~ SALE PRICE $342.00

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Roman Republic, L. Titurius L.f. Sabinus, 89 B.C.

This moneyer traced his descent from the Sabines and perhaps from King Tatius himself. Tarpeia was daughter of the commander of the citadel in Rome. She offered to open the gates for the besieging Sabines, if they would give her what they wore on their left arms, meaning their gold bracelets. The Sabines were unable to enter the citadel; its open gates were miraculously protected by boiling jets of water created by Janus. Keeping their promise, the Sabines threw the shields they worn on their left arms upon Tarpeia, crushing her to death, and then they kicked her off a cliff. This myth was likely used to explain the Tarpeian Rock, a cliff on the Capitoline Hill from which murderers and traitors were thrown.

SL89813. Silver denarius, Crawford 344/2c, Sydenham 699a, RSC I Tituria 5, BMCRR I Rome 2326, SRCV I 252, NGC AU, strike 4/5, surface 5/5 (4282339-001), weight 3.96 g, maximum diameter 15.8 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 89 B.C.; obverse bare head of Sabine King Tatius right, palm frond below chin, SABIN behind, A.PV (argento publico) before; reverse Tarpeia buried to her waist in shields, trying to repel soldiers who are about to cast shields upon her, star over and within crescent with horns up above, left TITVRI in exergue; from the Martineit Collection of Ancient and World Coins; ~~$250.00~~ SALE PRICE $225.00

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Roman Republic, Anonymous, 86 B.C.

This type is from a late, massive and intriguing anonymous issue undoubtedly struck by the moneyer triumvirate of Gargonius, Ogulnius and Vergilius. Their signed coins (SRCV I 263 - 265) have identical types and are scarce or rare.

SL89807. Silver denarius, Crawford 350a/2, Sydenham 723, RSC I 226, BMCRR I Rome 2622, RBW Collection 1333, SRCV I 266, NGC XF, strike 4/5, surface 4/5 (4282339-002), weight 4.19 g, maximum diameter 15.8 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 86 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo right, thunderbolt below neck truncation; reverse Jupiter in quadriga right, nude to waist, himation around hips and legs, brandishing thunderbolt in right hand, reins in left hand; from the Martineit Collection of Ancient and World Coins; ~~$200.00~~ SALE PRICE $180.00

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Roman Republic, Quintus Cassius Longinus, 55 B.C.

The obverse portrait has been variously interpreted as Bonus Eventus (the God of good Success) or Genius Populi Romani (the guardian spirit of the Roman people). Quintus Cassius Longinus was a governor in Hispania for Caesar. Cassius was one of the tresviri monetales of the Roman mint in 55 B.C. He served as a quaestor for Pompey in Hispania Ulterior in 54 B.C.RR87659. Silver denarius, Crawford 428/3, Sydenham 916, RSC I Cassia 7, BMCRR I Rome 3868, RBW Collection 1535, SRCV I 391, aVF, light toning, highest points flatly struck, banker's marks, bumps and scratches, scrape on reverse, closed edge crack, weight 3.651 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 55 B.C.; obverse young male head (Genius Populi Romani or Bonus Eventus) right, scepter behind; reverse eagle standing right on thunderbolt, head right, wings open, lituus (augur's staff) on left, jug on right, Q�CASSIVS below; ~~$140.00~~ SALE PRICE $126.00

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Roman Republic, Quintus Titius, 90 B.C.

Priapus, also called Mutinus Titinus, had a temple in Rome and was especially worshiped by young married women. His use by Quintus Titius is one of the usual found on Republican coinage.RR88386. Silver denarius, Crawford 341/1, Sydenham 691, RSC I Titia 1, BMCRR I Rome 2220, RBW Collection 1274, SRCV I 238, VF, attractive dark toning, small thick flan cutting off Pegasus' head, obverse die wear, weight 3.780 g, maximum diameter 16.9 mm, die axis 0^o, Rome mint, 90 B.C.; obverse head of Priapus (Mutinus Titinus) right, wearing winged diadem, pointed beard, curly lock of hair down neck; reverse Pegasus springing right from a base or tablet inscribed Q�TITI; ~~$140.00~~ SALE PRICE $126.00

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Roman Republic, C. Vibius C.f. Pansa, 90 B.C.

In 90 B.C. the Etruscans received Roman citizenship.RR89070. Silver denarius, RSC I Vibia 2, Crawford 342/5b, Sydenham 684, RBW Collection 1287, SRCV 242, aVF, light toning, high points not fully struck, weight 3.772 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0^o, Rome mint, 90 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo right, larger low relief head, hair in heavy scattered locks, PANSA behind, control symbol below chin; reverse Minerva in a quadriga right, trophy over shoulder in right, spear and reins in left, C�VIBIVS�C�F� in exergue; ex Frascatius Ancient Coins; ~~$130.00~~ SALE PRICE $117.00

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Roman Republic, Unofficial, c. 169 - 91 B.C.

Crawford notes, "The very common quadrantes with M � and N� (as Milan 351) are clearly unofficial."RR79715. Copper quadrans, cf. Milan 351 (from Crawford appendix p. 309 unofficial issues of bronze coins), Sydenham -, VF, centered on a tight flan, light marks,, weight 4.182 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 135^o, unofficial mint, c. 169 - 91 B.C.; obverse head of Hercules right, wearing Nemean Lion scalp headdress, three pellets behind; reverse prow right, ROMA below, three pellets before, M� above; ex FORVM (2006), ex Goodman collection; ~~$125.00~~ SALE PRICE $113.00

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Roman Republic, L. Calpurnius Piso L.f. Frugi, 90 B.C.

In 90 B.C., Rome barely managed to stave off total defeat in the Social War. The Italians were denied citizenship and, despite making up over half the Roman army, were denied a fair share of the booty and lands. They rebelled and raised an army of 100,000 battle-hardened soldiers. After Roman victories and citizenship concessions, the war was nearly over by 88 B.C.RR88359. Silver denarius, BMCRR I Rome 2023 var. (also hammer and flute, but R on obverse, V on reverse); Sydenham 669a; Crawford 340/1; RSC I Calpurnia 11; SRCV I 235, gF, toned, light marks, small edge splits, weight 3.751 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 90 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo right, hair falling in long ringlets, hammer (control symbol) behind, S (control letter) below chin, dot border; reverse naked horseman galloping right, holding palm frond, head bare, flute (control symbol) above, L PISO FRVGI over P (control letter) below; ~~$125.00~~ SALE PRICE $113.00

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Roman Republic, Gaius Egnatuleius C.f., 97 B.C.

This reverse refers to Marius' victories over the Teutones and Ambrones at Aquae Sextiae in 102 B.C. and the Cimbri at Vercellae in 101 B.C. Crawford believes this issue financed settlement of Marius' veterans, partly in Cisalpine Gaul. -- Roman Republican Coinage by Michael H. CrawfordRR88382. Silver quinarius, Crawford 333/1, Sydenham 588, RSC I Egnatuleia 1, BMCRR I Rome 1076, Russo RBW 1193, SRCV I 213, VF, attractive light toning, reverse a little off center, small edge splits, weight 1.664 g, maximum diameter 16.8 mm, die axis 270^o, Rome mint, 97 B.C.; obverse C�EGNATVLEI�C�F (NAT and VL ligate) downward behind, laureate head of Apollo right, Q (mark of value) below; reverse Victory standing left inscribing shield attached to trophy, trophy topped with a helmet ornamented with bull horns, carnyx (Gallic war trumpet) at base of trophy, Q (mark of value) in center, ROMA in exergue; ~~$120.00~~ SALE PRICE $108.00

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Roman Republic, Gaius Norbanus, 83 B.C.

In 83 B.C., Sulla returned from Greece and defeated the popular forces led by the consul Norbanus (probably the father of this moneyer). The reverse type alludes to the elder Norbanus' activity during the Social War, when he raised troops, organized a fleet, and provisioned the town of Rhegium.

Fasces, from the Latin fascis meaning "bundle," is a bound bundle of wooden rods, sometimes including an axe with its blade emerging. The fasces originated with the Etruscans and was passed on to ancient Rome, where it symbolized a magistrate's power and jurisdiction. The image has survived in the modern world as a representation of magisterial or collective power, law and governance. The fasces frequently occurs as a charge in heraldry. It was the origin of the name of the Mussolini's National Fascist Party in Italy (from which the term fascism is derived). It is on the reverse of the U.S. Mercury dime and behind the podium in the United States House of Representatives.RR88001. Silver denarius, RSC I Norbana 2, Sydenham 739, Crawford 357/1b, BMCRR I Rome 2810, SRCV I 278, aF, light toning, scratches, banker's mark, weight 3.458 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 83 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Venus right, wearing single drop earring and pearl necklace, Roman numeral control number behind, C�NORBANVS below; reverse fasces between grain ear on left and caduceus on right; ~~$110.00~~ SALE PRICE $99.00

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REFERENCES

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Babelon, E. Monnaies de la Republique Romaine. (Paris, 1885).
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Berger, F. Die M�nzen der R�mischen Republik im Kestner-Museum Hannover. (Hannover, 1989).
Buttrey, T. "The Denarii of P. Crepusius and Roman Republican Mint Organization" in ANSMN 21 (1976), p. 67-108.
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Coin Hoards of the Roman Republic Online - http://numismatics.org/chrr/
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Davis, P. "Dacian Imitations of Roman Republican Denarii" in Apvlvm Number XLIII/1. (2006) pp. 321-356.
Davis, P. Imitations of Roman Republican Denarii, website: http://rrimitations.ancients.info/
De Ruyter, P. "Denarii of the Roman Republican Moneyer Lucius Julius Bursio, a Die Analysis" in NC 156 (1996), p. 79 - 121, pl. 21 - 22.
Grueber, H. Coins of the Roman Republic in The British Museum. (London, 1910).
Harlan, M. Roman Republican Moneyers and Their Coins, 63 BC - 49 BC. (London, 1995).
Harlan, M. Roman Republican Moneyers and Their Coins, 81 BCE - 64 BCE. (Citrus Heights, CA, 2012).
Hoover, O. Handbook of Coins of Sicily (including Lipara), Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues, Sixth to First Centuries BC. HGC 2. (Lancaster, PA, 2011).
Russo, R. The RBW Collection of Roman Republican Coins. (Zurich, 2013).
Rutter, N. ed. Historia Numorum. Italy. (London, 2001).
Seaby, H., D. Sear, & R. Loosley. Roman Silver Coins, Volume I, The Republic to Augustus. (London, 1989).
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Catalog current as of Wednesday, June 26, 2019.
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after 50 B.C.

Roman Republic Coins of 99-50 B.C.