Alexander the Great

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Hellenistic Monarchies

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Alexander III The Great, Macedonian Kingdom, 336 - 323 B.C.

Alexander the Great is arguably the most famous man of antiquity. Born a leader, his genius and charisma led the Macedonian Army across the world creating an empire that covered most of the then-known world, from Greece to India. He was regarded as a god and his fame grew even greater after his premature death at thirty-three. His reign marks the beginning of the Hellenistic Age, a time when almost every aspect of human civilization flourished. His coinage is highly complex, struck in cities all over the ancient map and spanning over two hundred years. The representative types are the silver tetradrachms and drachms depicting an idealized portrait of Alexander in the guise of the mythical hero Heracles, and his gold staters depicting Athena.

Sinope, Paphlagonia, c. 275 B.C., Civic Issue in the Types and Name of Alexander the Great

After Alexander's death and the collapse and division of his empire, many cities on the Black Sea continued, for about two centuries, to strike tetradrachms in Alexander's name.GS112506. Silver tetradrachm, Price 1275A, Newell Sinope -, M�ller Alexander -, Black Sea Hoard -, VF, attractive style, light toning, bumps, marks, small punch obv. center, rev. slightly off center, weight 16.807 g, maximum diameter 29.1 mm, die axis 315^o, Sinope (Sinop, Turkey) mint, c. 275 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck; reverse Zeus A�tophoros enthroned left on high backed throne, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, right leg drawn back, AΛΕΞANΔPOY downward on left, BAΣIΛEΩΣ downward on right, no control symbols; from the P.S. Collection, ex Barry & Darling Ancient Coins; rare; ~~$500.00~~ SALE PRICE $450.00

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Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C., Unofficial Imitative of Sidon, Phoenicia

NEW
GS112791. Silver hemiobol, Unofficial imitative of Sidon, for prototype see Price 3478, VF, toned, porous, weight 0.334 g, maximum diameter 9.6 mm, unofficial mint, early posthumous, c. 323 - 305 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck; reverse Zeus A�tophoros enthroned left, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, right leg drawn back, ΣI (Sidon) left, AΛΕΞANΔ (or similar, mostly off flan) downward on right; ex Classical Numismatic Group e-sale 518 (15 Jun 2022), lot 82; ~~$200.00~~ SALE PRICE $180.00

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Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C., Tyre, Phoenicia, Lifetime Issue

After the battle of Issos, Alexander determined to seize the Phoenician coast and eliminate the threat of the Phoenician warships which had served Persia. He asked King Azemilkos of Tyre to allow him to enter the city to sacrifice to the god Melqart. After Azemilkos refused to make this act of submission, in January 332 B.C., Alexander besieged Tyre. The city was taken, after great violence, in September. GS110745. Silver obol, Price 3253, Newell Ake 15, SNG Cop 1011, Cohen DCA 741, HGC 10 6, gVF, toned, off center, scratch, weight 0.578 g, maximum diameter 10.1 mm, die axis 180^o, Phoenicia, Tyre (Lebanon) mint, struck under Menes, 329 - 328 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck; reverse Zeus A�tophoros enthroned left, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, right leg forward (archaic lifetime style), AΛEΞANΔPOY downward on right, Phoenician lower left: AK over 21 ([regnal year] 21 of Azemilkos [King of Tyre]); ~~$125.00~~ SALE PRICE $113.00

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Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C., Sidon, Phoenicia

NEW
After Alexander the Great subdued Sidon, he told Hephaestion to bestow its crown on whom he pleased. Hephaestion offered it to two brothers with whom he lodged. They declined, saying the king must be of royal blood. They named Abdalonymus, who, although royal, had fallen into such poverty that he supported himself with a small garden. Hephaestion told the brothers to take the royal crown and robes to Abdalonymus. They found him weeding his garden, told him to wash, invested him with the ensigns of royalty, and conducted him to Alexander. Alexander, turning to those around him, said, "I wish to know how he bore his poverty." Abdalonymus replied, "I wish to heaven that I may bear my prosperity as well! These hands have managed all my necessities and as I possessed nothing, I wanted nothing." Alexander was so pleased that gave the new king the palace and estate of Strato, his predecessor, and augmented his dominions from the neighboring country.GS112746. Silver hemiobol, Price 3478, VF, toned, porous, weight 0.254 g, maximum diameter 9.2 mm, die axis 0^o, Phoenicia, Sidon (Saida, Lebanon) mint, early posthumous, c. 323 - 305 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck; reverse Zeus A�tophoros enthroned left, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, right leg drawn back, ΣI left, AΛΕΞANΔ (or similar, obscure) downward on right; ~~$110.00~~ SALE PRICE $99.00

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Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C., Kition, Cyprus

Kition, also known by its Latin name Citium, was a city-kingdom on the southern coast of Cyprus (present-day Larnaca). According to local tradition, it was established in the 13th century B.C. by Greek (Achaean) settlers, after the Trojan war. Its most famous resident was Zeno of Citium, born c. 334 B.C. in Citium and founder of the Stoic school of philosophy which he taught in Athens from about 300 B.C.GB111031. Bronze quarter unit, Price 3111A; cf. Tziambazis 6 (full unit); BMC Cyprus -, VF, glossy green patina, tight flan, weight 1.289 g, maximum diameter 11.4 mm, die axis 180^o, Kition (Larnaca, Cyprus) mint, c. 325 - 320 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck; reverse bow and quiver on left, AΛEΞANΔPOY downward in center, knobby club with handle up on right, uncertain device outer left; very rare; ~~$100.00~~ SALE PRICE $90.00

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Seleukid Kingdom, Alexander I Balas, 152 - 145 B.C.

Apamea is believed to be the Biblical city Shepham (Num. xxxiv. 11). It was fortified and enlarged by Seleucus I Nicator, who renamed it from Pharmake to Apamea, after his Bactrian wife, Apama. The Seleukids' elephant breeding and training camp was at Apamea. The pretender, Diodotus Tryphon, made Apameia the basis of his operations. At a strategic crossroad on the road to Cappadocia, Apamea was an important trade center in Roman Asia and flourished to the extent that its population eventually numbered half a million. The city boasted one of the largest theaters in the Roman world, and a monumental colonnade. The ruins of Apamea, with an enormous and highly ornamental acropolis, are about 55 km (34 mi) to the northwest of Hama, Syria.

GY112120. Bronze AE 19, Houghton-Lorber II 1805(2)e; SNG Spaer 1451 (where the Y is clear, ΔΓ is not listed refs.), F, well centered, green patina, earthen deposits, scratches, obv. edge beveled, central depressions, weight 6.309 g, maximum diameter 19.4 mm, die axis 0^o, Syria, Apameia (Qalaat al-Madiq, Syria) mint, 150 - 145 B.C.; obverse head of Alexander the Great as Herakles right wearing Nemean lion scalp headdress; reverse Apollo standing left, examining arrow in right hand, resting left hand on bow grounded behind, palm frond outer left, AΛEΞANΔPOY (Alexander) downward on left, BAΣIΛEΩΣ (king) downward on right, ΔY (or ΔΓ?) monogram in exergue; from the Michael Arslan Collection, ex Tareq Hani Collection; ~~$60.00~~ SALE PRICE $54.00

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Kingdom of Thrace, Lysimachos, 305 - 281 B.C., Portrait of Alexander the Great

Thompson notes that Lampsacus was Lysimachos largest mint in Asia Minor, with approximately 150 known obverse dies. Output from Lampsacus declined when Amphipolis began its extensive coinage c. 288 B.C.SH24648. Silver tetradrachm, Thompson 47, M�ller 401, superb EF, fabulous style and high relief portrait, weight 16.854 g, maximum diameter 28.8 mm, die axis 0^o, Lampsakos (Lapseki, Turkey) mint, 286 - 281 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Alexander the Great wearing the horn of Ammon; reverse Athena Nikephoros enthroned left, Nike crowning name in extended right hand, left arm rests on grounded round shield decorated with Gorgoneion, transverse spear against right side, BAΣIΛEΩΣ (king) downward on right, ΛYΣIMAXOY (Lysimachos) downward on left, HP monogram inner left, crescent in exergue; SOLD

Kingdom of Thrace, Lysimachos, 305 - 281 B.C., Portrait of Alexander the Great

In the years following his death Alexander the Great came to be the subject of cult worship throughout the Mediterranean basin. His corpse was appropriated by Ptolemy I who transported it to Egypt, initially interring it at Memphis, then to a mausoleum and center of worship in Alexandria. It survived until the 4th century A.D. when Theodosius banned paganism, only to disappear without trace.SH48867. Gold stater, M�ller 162; SNG Cop 1086 ff. var. (monogram), EF, weight 8.544 g, maximum diameter 17.6 mm, die axis 180^o, Byzantion (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, posthumous, c. 250 - 150 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Alexander the Great right wearing the horn of Ammon; reverse BAΣIΛΕΩΣ ΛYΣIMAXOY, Athena seated left, Victory in extended right hand, resting left elbow on shield, monogram inner left, BY on throne, trident in exergue ornamented with two small dolphins; extraordinary mint luster, high relief, nice style, fantastic coin!; SOLD

Kingdom of Thrace, Lysimachos, 305 - 281 B.C., Portrait of Alexander the Great

Lysimachus, one of Alexander the Great's personal bodyguards, was appointed strategos (general) in Thrace and Chersonesos after Alexander's death. He became one of the diadochi (successors of Alexander) who were initially generals and governors, but who continuously allied and warred with each other and eventually divided the empire. In 309, he founded his capital Lysimachia in a commanding situation on the neck connecting the Chersonesos with the mainland. In 306, he followed the example of Antigonus in taking the title of king, ruling Thrace, Asia Minor and Macedonia. In 281, he was killed in battle against Seleucus, another successor of Alexander.SH09059. Gold stater, Thompson 164, EF, struck with beautiful dies, mint luster!, weight 8.50 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 180^o, Ephesus mint, posthumous, 305 - 297 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Alexander the Great right wearing the horn of Ammon; reverse Athena Nikephoros enthroned left, Nike crowning name in extended right hand, left arm rests on grounded round shield decorated with Gorgoneion, transverse spear against right side, BAΣIΛEΩΣ (king) downward on right, ΛYΣIMAXOY (Lysimachos) downward on left, bee and E-Φ in left field; SOLD

Seleukid Kingdom, Seleukos I Nikator, 312 - 280 B.C., Ancient Counterfeit

Superb ancient counterfeit with intact plating and of finest style.SH24647. Fouree silver plated tetradrachm, cf. Houghton-Lorber I 173 (official Susa mint), combining monograms of 173.14 and 173.16, Choice EF, weight 14.724 g, maximum diameter 26.8 mm, die axis 0^o, unofficial mint, after 305 B.C.; obverse bust of Alexander or Seleukos wearing helmet covered with panther skin and adorned with horns and ears of bull; reverse BAΣIΛΕΩΣ ΣΕΛΕYKOY, Nike with spread wings, standing right, crowning trophy with wreath, AX and ΠA control-marks across lower field; ex Gorny&Mosch 141, lot 161; SOLD

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REFERENCES

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Bellinger, A. "Philippi in Macedonia" in ANSMN 11 (1964), pp. 37-52 and pl. vii-xi. (Drama Hoard)
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Head, B. British Museum Catalogue of Greek Coins, Macedonia, etc. (London, 1879).
Hersh, C. "Additions and Corrections to Martin J. Price's 'The Coinage in the name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus'" in Studies Price.
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Liampi, K. "A Hoard of Bronze Coins of Alexander the Great" in Studies Price.
Liampi. K. "Zur Chronologie der sogenannten 'anonymen' mekedonischen M�nzen des sp�ten 4. Jhs. v. Chr." in JNG XXXVI. (1986).
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Newell, E. Alexander Hoards II, Demanhur, 1905, ANSNNM 19. (New York, 1923).
Newell, E. "Some Cypriot 'Alexanders'" in NC 15 (London, 1915), pp. 294 - 322.
Noe, S. The Alexander coinage of Sicyon. (New York, 1950).
Pick, B. & K. Regling. Die antiken M�nzen von Dacien und M�esien, Die antiken M�nzen Nord-Griechenlands Vol. I/II. (Berlin, 1910).
Price, M. The Coinage of in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. (London, 1991).
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Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Austria, Klagenfurt, Landesmuseum f�r K�rnten, Sammlung Dreer. Part 3: Thracien-Macedonien-P�onien. (Klagenfurt, 1984).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 2: Macedonia and Thrace. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, M�nchen Staatlische M�nzsammlung, Makedonien-K�nige, 10/11 Heft. (Berlin, 2001).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain V, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Part 3: Macedonia. (London, 1976).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Greece II, The Alpha Bank Collection, Macedonia I: Alexander I - Perseus. (Athens, 2000).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Greece IV, Numismatic Museum Athens, The Petros Z. Saroglos Collection, Part 1: Macedonia. (Athens, 2005).
Taylor, L. "On the Reattribution of some Byblos Alexanders to Arados II" in AJN 32 (2020), pp. 31 - 92, pl. 1 - 15.
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Taylor, L. "The Damaskos Mint of Alexander the Great" in AJN 29 (2017), pp. 47 - 99, pls. 6 - 14.
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Catalog current as of Tuesday, September 26, 2023.
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