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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Late Empire| ▸ |Aelia Flaccilla||View Options:  |  |  | 

Aelia Flaccilla, Augusta 19 January 379 - 386 A.D., Wife of Theodosius I

Aelia Flavia Flaccilla was the wife of Theodosius I, who reigned 379 - 395 A.D., and mother of the emperors Arcadius and Honorius. She was born in Spain in the mid-fourth century to a prominent family. Her father, Antonius, was the Praefect of Gaul. In 376 she married a fellow Spaniard, Flavius Theodosius, who had just retired early from an army career because of the conviction and execution of his father, a high military commander, on treason charges. The following year saw the birth of her first child, Flavius Arcadius - the future Emperor Arcadius. In 378 her husband was summoned to active duty commanding the Roman forces facing the Visigoths on the Danube River. Theodosius succeeded in restoring Roman fortunes there (where the Emperor Valens had been killed at the battle of Hadrianopolis only months earlier - August 378), and was rewarded by the Emperor Gratian by being elevated to Augustus of the Eastern Empire on 19 January 379. Aelia Flaccilla thus found herself Empress, although the title of Augusta was withheld until the elevation of her son Arcadius to Augustus on January 19, 383. Another son, Flavius Honorius - the future Emperor Honorius - was born to her in September 384. She died in Thrace in 386 and is primarily remembered for her Christian piety and her benevolence to the poor. St. Ambrose describes her as "a soul true to God." Theodoret, in particular, exalts her humility, charity, and benevolence (Church History V.19, ed. Valesius, III, 192 sq.). He tells us how she personally tended the disabled. Aelia was honored by future empresses who took her first name as a title. She is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.

|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
The Christogram (also called a Monogramma Christi or Chrismon) is a ligature of Chi (X) and Rho (P), the first two letters of Christ in Greek. It was among the earliest symbols of Christianity. The crucifix was rarely used in early Christian iconography, perhaps because most people then had personally witnessed its gruesome use for public execution.
SH62376. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Heraclea 13.2 (S), LRBC II 1956, SRCV V 20609, Cohen VIII 4, gVF, weight 5.849 g, maximum diameter 23.8 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Heraclea (Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey) mint, c. 25 Aug 383 - 384 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right, inscribing Christogram on shield set on column, SMHB in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
"Aelia Flavia Flaccilla was born in Spain in the mid-fourth century to a prominent family (her father, Antonius, was the Praefect of Gaul) and married the future Emperor Theodosius I in 376. She was the mother of two sons who both became Augusti - Arcadius, born in 377, and Honorius, born in 384. She became Empress in 379, but didn't receive the title of Augusta until 383 when Arcadius was named Augustus. She died in Thrace in 386 and is primarily remembered for her Christian piety and her benevolence to the poor." - Moneta Historical Reference
SH30433. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antioch 61.2 (R), LRBC II 2747, SRCV V 20616, Cohen VIII 4, nice VF, weight 5.512 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 345o, 3rd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, c. 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right inscribing Christogram on shield set on cippus, T right, ANTΓ in exergue; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
The Christogram (also called a Monogramma Christi or Chrismon) is a ligature of Chi (X) and Rho (P), the first two letters of Christ in Greek. It was among the earliest symbols of Christianity. The crucifix was rarely used in early Christian iconography, perhaps because most people then had personally witnessed its gruesome use for public execution.
SH08653. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Heraclea 13.1 (S), LRBC II 1956, SRCV V 20609, Cohen VIII 4, gVF, beautiful coin, weight 4.02 g, maximum diameter 22.1 mm, die axis 180o, 1st officina, Heraclea (Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey) mint, c. 25 Aug 383 - 384 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right, inscribing Christogram on shield set on column, SMHA in exergue; SOLD







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AEL FLACCILLA AVG

REFERENCES

Carson, R., P. Hill & J. Kent. Late Roman Bronze Coinage. (London, 1960).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 8: Nepotian to Romulus Augustus, plus tesserae & cotorniates. (Paris, 1888).
Depeyrot, G. Les monnaies d'or de Constantin II à Zenon (337-491). Moneta 5. (Wetteren, 1996).
Hahn, W. Moneta Imperii Romani-Byzantinii. (Vienna, 1989).
King, C. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Vol. V, Carausius to Romulus Augustus. (London, 1987).
Pearce, J. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. IX, Valentinian I - Theodosius I. (London 1933).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. V. Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno. (Oxford, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. V: The Christian Empire...Constantine II to Zeno, AD 337 - 491. (London, 2014).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

Catalog current as of Tuesday, March 19, 2024.
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