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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Constantinian Era||View Options:   | | | |
After arriving at Antioch, Jovian decided to rush to Constantinople to consolidate his political position there. While en route, he was found dead in bed in his tent at Dadastana, halfway between Ancyra and Nicaea. His death has been attributed to either a surfeit of mushrooms or the poisonous carbon monoxide fumes of a charcoal warming fire. Jovian was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople.SH91547. Silver reduced siliqua, RIC VIII Arles 331 (R2), RSC V 33Ab, SRCV V 19207, VF, toned, tight flan, light marks, die wear, weight 1.601 g, maximum diameter 16.64 mm, die axis 0o, Arelatum (Arles, France) mint mint, 27 Jun 363 - 17 Feb 364 A.D.; obverse D N IOVIA-NVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VOT / V / MVLT / X in four lines within laurel within wreath, [P?]CONST in exergue; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; rare;
Constantius II, 22 May 337 - 3 November 361 A.D.
On 15 March 351, Constantius II elevated his 25-year-old cousin Constantius Gallus to Caesar at Sirmium in Pannonia. He arranged a marriage with his sister Constantina and put Constantius Gallus in charge of the Eastern Roman Empire. Constantius II marched West with a large army (60,000 men) to fight against Magnus Magnentius.RL93281. Billon heavy maiorina, RIC VIII Constantinople 82, LRBC II 2026, SRCV V 18148, Cohen VII -, Hunter V -, Choice VF, excellent centering, dark brown tone, edge split / crack, weight 5.510 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 180o, 5th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 348 - 351 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse FEL TEMP REPARATIO (happy times restored), soldier with shield on left arm spearing bearded fallen horseman, horseman turning to soldier and raising right arm, shield on ground to right, Γ upper left, CONSE* in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection;
Fausta, Augusta, 8 November 324 - Autumn 326 A.D., Second Wife of Constantine the Great
Fausta is depicted as Spes, the Roman personification of hope. She holds her infant children, Constantine II and Constantius II, her hopeful promise for the future of the "Republic."RL89946. Billon centenionalis, RIC VII Thessalonica p. 519, 161 (R3); LRBC I 827; SRCV IV 16571; Cohen VII 17, aEF, slightly rough green patina, small encrustations, weight 2.687 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, 326 - 328 A.D.; obverse FLAV MAX FAVSTA AVG, draped bust right, no diadem or stephane, hair waved, bun at back, wearing pearl necklace; reverse SPES REIPVBLICAE, Fausta standing facing, looking left, veiled and draped, holding infants Constantine II and Constantius II, SMTSA in exergue; scarce;
Magnentius, 18 January 350 - 10 August 353 A.D.
Magnus Magnentius was proclaimed emperor on 18 January 350 at Autun (Gaul) with support of the army on the Rhine frontier. Constans fled to Spain, where he was assassinated at Castrum Helenae. In the spring 351, Constans' brother Constantius marched West with 60,000 men to remove Magnus Magnentius but it would take more than two years to defeat him.RL93278. Billon heavy maiorina, RIC VIII Amiens 16 (R), Bastien MM 117, LRBC II 10, SRCV V 18816, Cohen VIII 68, Hunter V 3 var. (exergue), VF, dark green patina, tight flan cutting off parts of legends, light marks, light earthen deposits, weight 4.368 g, maximum diameter 22.5 mm, die axis 225o, Ambianum (Amiens, France) mint, 30 Jun 350 - spring 351 A.D.; obverse D N MAGNENTIVS P F AVG, draped and cuirassed bust right, A behind; reverse VICTORIAE DD NN AVGG ET CAESS (victories of our lords, the two emperors and two caesars), two Victories holding shield inscribed VOT V MVLT X, •AMB* in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection; rare;
Constantine II, 22 May 337 - March or April 340 A.D.
In 323, at the age of seven, he took part in his father's campaign against the Sarmatians. At age ten, he became commander of Gaul, following the death of his half-brother Crispus. Following the death of his father in 337, Constantine II initially became emperor jointly with his brothers Constantius II and Constans, with the Empire divided between them and two of their cousins. This arrangement barely survived Constantine I’s death, as his sons arranged the slaughter of most of the rest of the family by the army. The three brothers gathered together in Pannonia and there, on 9 September 337, divided the Roman world among themselves. Constantine, proclaimed Augustus by the troops received Gaul, Britannia and Hispania.RL91853. Billon reduced centenionalis, RIC VII Antioch 59 (R4), SRCV IV 17203, Cohen VII 83, LRBC I 1325, Hunter V 90 var. (officina), Choice VF, highlighting green patina, weight 2.425 g, maximum diameter 17.3 mm, die axis 330o, 8th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, as caesar, 324 - 325 A.D.; obverse laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust left, no legend; reverse CONSTAN/TINVS / CAESAR / SMANTH in four lines, star above, pellet below; rare;
Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.
Soon after the Feast of Easter 337, Constantine fell seriously ill. He left Constantinople for the hot baths near his mother's city of Helenopolis. There, in a church his mother built in honor of Lucian the Apostle, he prayed, and there he realized that he was dying. He attempted to return to Constantinople, making it only as far as a suburb of Nicomedia. He summoned the bishops, and told them of his hope to be baptized in the River Jordan, where Christ was written to have been baptized. He requested the baptism right away, promising to live a more Christian life should he live through his illness. The bishops, Eusebius records, "performed the sacred ceremonies according to custom." It has been thought that Constantine put off baptism as long as he did so as to be absolved from as much of his sin as possible. Constantine died soon after at a suburban villa called Achyron, on 22 May 337.RL87872. Billon reduced centenionalis, Hunter V p. 284, 12 (also 1st officina); RIC VIII Alexandria p. 541, 32; LRBC I 1473; SRCV V 17473; Cohen VII 716, EF, excellent centering, brown tone with some silvering, flow lines, reverse center a little weak, tiny edge cracks, weight 1.706 g, maximum diameter 16.9 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Alexandria mint, posthumous, late 347 - 348 A.D.; obverse DV CONSTANTINVS P T AVGG (Divus Constantinus Pater Trium Augusti = Divine Constantine, father of the three emperors), veiled bust right; reverse VN - MR (venerabilis memoria - revered memory), Constantine standing slightly right, head right, veiled and togate, raising right hand, SMALA in exergue; ex Beast Coins, ex Malter Galleries;
Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.
In 336, Constantine reduced the weight of the centenionalis from c. 2.5 grams to c. 1.7 grams. The earlier heavier coins have two standards between the soldiers. Coins struck on the later lighter standard have only one standard.RL93274. Billon reduced centenionalis, RIC VII Antioch 108, LRBC I 1363, SRCV IV 16374, Cohen VII 250, Hunter V -, gVF, excellent portrait, dark brown tone, small encrustations, weight 1.305 g, maximum diameter 17.2 mm, die axis 105o, 3rd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 336 - 337 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS MAX AVG, rosette-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse GLORIA EXERCITVS (glory of the army), two soldiers standing facing, flanking one standard in center, heads confronted, each holds a spear in outer hand and rests inner hand on grounded shield, SMANΓ in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection;
Jovian, 27 June 363 - 17 February 364 A.D.
After evacuating Persia, upon arriving at Antioch, Jovian revoked the edicts of Julian against Christians. The Labarum of Constantine the Great again became the standard of the army. He issued an edict of toleration, to the effect that, while the exercise of magical rites would be punished, his subjects should enjoy full liberty of conscience. However, soon after he ordered burning down the Library of Antioch and on 11 September issued an edict that punishing those who worshiped ancestral gods with the death penalty. He extended the same punishment on 23 December to participation in any pagan ceremony (even private ones). In Syriac literature Jovian became the hero of a Christian romance. From Jovian's reign until the 15th century Christianity remained the dominant religion of both the Western and Eastern Roman Empires, until the Fall of Constantinople to the Turks in 1453.RL93285. Bronze double maiorina, RIC VIII Antioch 228 (S), LRBC II 2645, SRCV V 19215, Cohen VIII 22, Hunter V -, aVF, well centered, dark brown-black patina, porous, a few light scratches, minor flaw on cheek, weight 7.410 g, maximum diameter 25.9 mm, die axis 180o, 4th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 363 - 364 A.D.; obverse D N IOVIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICTORIA ROMANORVM (the Roman victory), Jovian standing facing, head right, labarum (Chi-Rho standard) in right hand, Victory on globe offering wreath in left hand, ANT∆ in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection; scarce;
Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.
In 320, Crispus, eldest son of Constantine I, led a victorious campaign against the Franks, assuring twenty years of peace along the Rhine frontier. He established his residence in Augusta Treverorum (modern Trier), capital of Germania.RL20963. Billon centenionalis, Paolucci-Zub 255a, RIC VII Aquileia 48, SRCV IV 16323, Cohen VII 690, Choice gVF, well centered, nice portrait, some silvering, weight 3.122 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 330o, 1st officina, Aquileia mint, 320 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS AVG, helmeted and cuirassed bust right; reverse VIRTVS EXERCIT (courage of the army), vexillum inscribed VOT / XX, two captives seated at base facing outward, the one on the left with hands bound behind, the one on the right looking back left, S left, F right, AQP in exergue; from the Scott Collection, ex Beast Coins (2007);
Constantine II, 22 May 337 - March or April 340 A.D.
Constantine II was the son of Constantine I, the eldest son with his second wife, Fausta. He was born in Arles (which was renamed Constantia in his honor in 328, explaining the CON mintmarks for Arles) and was made Caesar before he was a year old in 316 A.D. Upon his father's death, Constantine II inherited the Western part of the empire. After quarreling with his brother Constans, he invaded Constans' territory, only to be killed in an ambush near Aquileia. His coins often include "IVN" in the legend, an abbreviation for junior.RL89619. Billon reduced follis, RIC VII London 181 (R2), SRCV V 17270, Cohen VII 224, Hunter V 1 var. (cross within wreath on altar), Choice aEF, excellent portrait, centered on a broad flan, green patina, traces of silvering, light earthen deposits, weight 3.412 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 135o, 1st officina, Londinium (London, England) mint, as caesar, 320 A.D.; obverse FL CL CONSTANTINVS IVN N C, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust left; reverse VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP (joyous victory to the eternal prince), two Victories standing confronted, together holding wreath over altar, VOT / P•R in (vows of the Roman People) two lines within wreath, wreath on the front of the altar, PLN in exergue; ex Beast Coins VLPP Collection, ex Lucie Courcy (2006); rare;
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