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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Twelve Caesars| ▸ |Nero||View Options:   | | | Nero became emperor after his stepfather, the emperor Claudius, died (Claudius was probably poisoned by Nero's mother Agrippina II). At first, Nero ruled well, guided by his mentors Seneca and Burrus, but soon his reign degenerated into the debauchery and murder for which he is infamous. He had his mother, Burrus, Britannicus, and numerous senators and members of the nobility murdered or executed. Legend says he kicked Poppaea, his pregnant wife, to death. He was the first emperor to persecute Christians, blaming them for the Great Fire in 64 A.D. Nero committed suicide in 68 A.D. after generals in Africa, Gaul, and Spain all rebelled, and the Praetorian Guard in Rome deserted him. |
A decursio was a military exercise, by which Roman soldiers were taught to make long marches in a given time, under arms and without quitting their ranks. They sometimes consisted of a mock fight between two divisions. Augustus and subsequently Hadrian ordered that the infantry and cavalry were to march out three times a month ten miles from the camp and ten miles back, fully armed and equipped. Decursio on this coin probably refers Nero's participation in mock military maneuvers in the circus.SL111603. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC I 168 (S); BMCRE I p. 226, 142; BnF II -; Hunter I -; SRCV I -, ANACS VF30 (7432075, says Lugdunum mint in error), dark spots are where the plastic holder is in contact with the coin, weight 27.15 g, maximum diameter 35.5 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, c. 66 A.D.; obverse NERO CLAVD CAESAR AVG GER P M TR P IMP P P, laureate head left; reverse DECVRSIO, Nero and a soldier on horseback prancing right, Nero bear headed, wearing cuirass and short tunic, and holds spear in right hand, soldier, on far side and slightly behind, holds vexillum in right over shoulder, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking high across field; ex Classical Coins, ANACS| Verify;
Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D. (or Otho or Galba?), Mallus, Cilicia
In "An intriguing new coin from Mallus, Cilicia" (2008), Jyrki Muona, based on a high grade specimen with an excellent portrait, identified the head on this type as Otho. He noted the portrait is influenced by the style of the Antioch mint. Indeed the portrait on that specimen looks very much like the portraits of Otho from Antioch. RPC I attributes the type to Nero but notes, "The portrait does not look much like Nero, but the date seems clear. Could it possibly be a coin of Galba?" We are following RPC I, listing it as Nero, but noting the other possibilities.RP112383. Bronze AE 25, RPC Online I 4024 (3 spec.), SNG Levante 1269, aVF, dark green patina with traces of red, cleaning scratches, minor flan flaws on rev. edge, weight 9.678 g, maximum diameter 25.4 mm, die axis 0o, Mallus (near Karatas, Turkey) mint, 67 - 68 A.D.; obverse ...CEBACTOC..., laureate head right; reverse MAΛΛΩTΩN, Athena Magarsis standing facing, spear vertical in right hand, star above each arm, EΛP (year 135) outer left; ex CNG e-auction 538 (10 May 2023), lot 413; very rare;
The reverse legend translates, "The gates of Janus' temple are closed because peace of the Roman people is set on both land and sea." On the rare occasions when Rome was not at war the doors of the 'Twin Janus' were ceremonially closed, an event Nero commemorated extensively on the coinage of 65 - 67 A.D. -- Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. 1 by David R. SearSH110266. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC I 265, BMCRE I 160, Cohen I 144, Mac Dowall WCN 153, BnF I 73 (head right), SRCV I 1958 var. (same), aVF, near centered, weight 24.989 g, maximum diameter 33.8 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 65 A.D.; obverse NERO CLAVD CAESAR AVG GER P M TR P IMP P P, laureate head left; reverse PACE P R TERRA MARIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, view of the Temple of Janus from the front left corner, temple front on the right with garland over closed doors within arch, the left side of the temple to the left with long latticed window, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; ex Inasta auction 101 (25 Jun 2022), lot 747;
Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D.
Nero became emperor after Claudius' death (he was probably poisoned by Nero's mother). At first, Nero ruled well but he degenerated into debauchery and murder, executing his mother, two wives, and numerous senators. He committed suicide after his generals rebelled and his guard deserted him.RB112572. Copper as, RIC I p. 171, 351; BMCRE I p. 247, 246; Cohen I p. 299, 298; BnF II p. 167, 424; Mac Dowall p. 181, 296; Hunter I p. 137, 105, nice gF, nice portrait for the grade, green patina, marks, some porosity, weight 10.936 g, maximum diameter 27.9 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 66 - 68 A.D.; obverse IMP NERO CAESAR AVG GERM, laureate head right, beardless; reverse Victory flying left, holding with both hands a round shield marked S P / Q R (Senatus Populusque Romanus) in two lines, large S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field at center; from the Collection of Dr. Jüregen Buschek;
Judaea, Antonius Felix, Roman Procurator Under Claudius and Nero, 52 - 60 A.D.
The palm depicted is, of course, the date palm. The tree was a symbol of Judea where palm trees grow in greater numbers than the surrounding areas (the Romans also used it as a symbol of Judea on Judaea Capta coins). The palm also symbolized abundance and plenty, dignity, royal honor, jubilation and victory, and was used in religious processionsJD113030. Bronze prutah, Hendin 6377; Meshorer TJC 340; Sofaer 59; BMC Palestine p. 264, 21; RPC I 4971, VF, highlighting earthen deposits, rev. edge beveled, weight 2.746 g, maximum diameter 18.0 mm, die axis 90o, Jerusalem mint, under Nero, 54 A.D.; obverse NEPW KΛAV KAICAP (Nero Claudius Caesar), two crossed oblong shields with two crossed spears on far side; reverse BPIT (Britannicus), six-branched palm bearing two bunches of dates, L - IΔ / K-AI (year 14 of Caesar) flanking trunk;
Judaea, Antonius Felix, Roman Procurator Under Claudius and Nero, 52 - 60 A.D.
The palm depicted is, of course, the date palm. The tree was a symbol of Judea where palm trees grow in greater numbers than the surrounding areas (the Romans also used it as a symbol of Judea on Judaea Capta coins). The palm also symbolized abundance and plenty, dignity, royal honor, jubilation and victory, and was used in religious processionsJD113031. Bronze prutah, Hendin 6377; Meshorer TJC 340; Sofaer 59; BMC Palestine p. 264, 21; RPC I 4971, VF, green patina, highlighting earthen deposits, obv. leg. weak, rev. edge beveled, weight 2.617 g, maximum diameter 17.1 mm, die axis 180o, Jerusalem mint, under Nero, 54 A.D.; obverse NEPW KΛAV KAICAP (Nero Claudius Caesar), two crossed oblong shields with two crossed spears on far side; reverse BPIT (Britannicus), six-branched palm bearing two bunches of dates, L - IΔ / K-AI (year 14 of Caesar) flanking trunk;
Judaea, Antonius Felix, Roman Procurator Under Claudius and Nero, 52 - 60 A.D.
The palm depicted is, of course, the date palm. The tree was a symbol of Judea where palm trees grow in greater numbers than the surrounding areas (the Romans also used it as a symbol of Judea on Judaea Capta coins). The palm also symbolized abundance and plenty, dignity, royal honor, jubilation and victory, and was used in religious processionsJD113032. Bronze prutah, Hendin 6377; Meshorer TJC 340; Sofaer 59; BMC Palestine p. 264, 21; RPC I 4971, VF, green patina, highlighting earthen deposits, obv. edge beveled, weight 2.640 g, maximum diameter 17.1 mm, die axis 180o, Jerusalem mint, under Nero, 54 A.D.; obverse NEPW KΛAV KAICAP (Nero Claudius Caesar), two crossed oblong shields with two crossed spears on far side; reverse BPIT (Britannicus), six-branched palm bearing two bunches of dates, L - IΔ / K-AI (year 14 of Caesar) flanking trunk;
Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Caesarea Maritima, Judaea
Caesarea, about 30 miles north of Joppa and about 70 miles northwest of Jerusalem, was founded by Herod the Great and named for Caesar Augustus. It was the seat of the Roman procurators and the Roman military headquarters in Judaea. The Pilate Stone, discovered here in 1961, is only archaeological find that names Pontius Pilate, by whose order Jesus was crucified. After the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D., Caesarea was the provincial capital of the Judaea Province. Well into Byzantine times, Caesarea remained the capital. In the 630s, Arab Muslim armies took the region, but kept Caesarea as its administrative center until early 8th century. Caesarea's ruins are a national park on the Mediterranean coast of Israel, about halfway between Tel Aviv and Haifa.RP110762. Bronze AE 25, Kadman Caesarea Maritima 4 (same dies); RPC Online I 4862; Sofaer 7 ff.; Rosenberger 5 ff.; SNG ANS 753 ff.; Baramki 2 ff., F, nice glossy green patina, porosity, light earthen deposits, obv. off center, rev. legend mostly off flan, weight 14.258 g, maximum diameter 24.8 mm, die axis 45o, Caesarea Maritima (Keisaria, Israel) mint, 68 A.D.; obverse NEPΩN ΣEBAΣTOΣ KAICAP (from upper right), laureate head right; reverse KAIΣAPIA H ΠPOΣ ΣEBAΣTΩ ΛIME (from upper right), Tyche standing left, right foot resting on prow, bust in extended right hand, standard vertical behind in left hand, L IΔ in lower left field;
Judaea, Porcius Festus, Roman Procurator under Nero, 59 - 62 A.D.
"Now when Festus had come into his province, after three days he went up to Jerusalem from Caesarea. And the chief priests and the principal men of the Jews informed him against Paul; and they urged him, asking as a favor to have the man sent to Jerusalem, planning an ambush to kill him on the way. Festus replied that Paul was being kept at Caesarea, and that he himself intended to go there shortly...But Festus, wishing to do the Jews a favor, said to Paul, "Do you wish to go up to Jerusalem, and there be tried on these charges before me?" But Paul said, "I am standing before Caesar's tribunal, where I ought to be tried; to the Jews I have done no wrong, as you know very well. If then I am a wrongdoer, and have committed anything for which I deserve to die, I do not seek to escape death; but if there is nothing in their charges against me, no one can give me up to them. I appeal to Caesar." Then Festus, when he had conferred with his council, answered, "You have appealed to Caesar; to Caesar you shall go." - Acts 25:1-4,9-12JD111330. Bronze prutah, Hendin 6380; Meshorer TJC 345; RPC I 4972; Sofaer, pl. 220, 66; BMC Palestine p. 266, 1, aVF, green patina, highlighting lighter fields, well centered, obv. edge beveled, traces of sprues, tiny edge split, weight 1.726 g, maximum diameter 15.6 mm, die axis 0o, Jerusalem mint, 59 A.D.; obverse NEP/WNO/C (Nero) in wreath tied at the bottom with an X; reverse KAICAPO (Caesar) and date LE (year 5), palm frond;
Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Synnada, Phrygia
The town was established as Kepirtepe during the Hittite period. It grew and prospered under the Romans, by then known as Synnada.RP111014. Brass AE 18, RPC Online I 3190, SNG Cop 726, SNGvA 8449; Imhoof-Blumer KM p. 293, 13, VF, light marks, thick compact flan losing some legend and the top of Zeus head, weight 5.167 g, maximum diameter 17.8 mm, die axis 0o, Synnada (Suhut, Turkey) mint, c. 55 - 60 A.D.; obverse NEPΩN KAICAP ΣEBAΣTOΣ, Bare head of Nero right; reverse TI K ΠICΩN ΦIΛOK CYNNAΔEΩN (Ti K Pison [philokaisar] Synnada), Zeus enthroned left, chest bare, himation around hips and legs and over left shoulder Nike in right hand, long scepter vertical in left hand;
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