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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Numismatics| ▸ |Scyphate||View Options:   | | | Scyphate coins are sometimes described as cup-shaped or saucer-shaped, perhaps they would be better described as bowl shaped. The obverse of a scyphate coin is convex and the reverse is concave. Scyphate coins were struck in all metals and by many cultures including Celtic tribes, The Himyarites of Arabia, the Byzantine Empire and their successor medieval kingdoms. A photograph of a beautiful Byzantine gold scyphate histamenon nomisma can be seen above. Read more... |
Béla III, the second son of King Géza II, was brought up at the Byzantine court. His uncle, the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I, designated him as his successor until the birth of his own son. Following the death of his elder brother, who had been fighting against the Byzantine Empire, Béla could only ascend to the throne with the assistance of his uncle Manuel I and Pope Alexander III. A significant part of the Hungarian aristocracy led by his own mother and the Archbishop of Esztergom preferred his younger brother's succession. Béla was one of the most powerful rulers of Hungary and he was also one of the wealthiest monarchs of Europe of his age: his annual revenue was the equivalent of 23 tonnes of pure silver. This exceeded the income of the French king (estimated at 17 tonnes) and was double the receipts of the English Crown.ME113524. Bronze scyphate follaro, Huszár 72, Unger 114, Choice EF, weight 2.772 g, maximum diameter 26.1 mm, die axis 0o, Esztergom mint, 1172 - 23 Apr 1196; obverse SANCTA mARTIA, Virgin Mary seated facing, scepter in right hand, infant Christ in left arm; reverse REX BELA REX SCS, Bela III and Steven III enthroned facing, each holding sceptre and globus cruciger; at bottom, III within border;
Byzantine Empire, Manuel I Comnenus, 8 April 1143 - 24 September 1180 A.D.
Called ho Megas ("the Great"), Manuel inspired intense loyalty in those who served him. He appears as the hero of a history written by his secretary, John Kinnamos, in which every virtue is attributed to him. Modern historians, however, have been less enthusiastic. Some argue that, since Byzantine imperial power declined catastrophically after Manuel's death, it is necessary to look for the causes of this decline in his reign.BZ112652. Billon aspron trachy, DOC IV-1 12b; Morrison BnF 61/Cp/B/11; CLBC I 4.3.3.A; Grierson 1089; SBCV 1964; Sommer 61.9; Wroth BMC 56; Henley pl. 15, 5-10, F, over-cleaned bare metal, flan split, weight 2.331 g, maximum diameter 24.5 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 1160 - 1164 A.D.; obverse MP - ΘV, the Virgin Mary seated facing on a throne, nimbate and wearing pallium and maphorium, she holds before her the nimbate head of the infant Christ; reverse MANYHΛ ΔECΠOTHC, Manuel standing facing wearing crown, divitision, and chlamys, labarum with pellet on banner in right hand, globus cruciger surmounted by patriarchal cross in left hand; from the Collection of Dr. Jüregen Buschek;
Byzantine Empire, Isaac I Comnenus, 1 September 1057 - 22 November 1059
Isaac I Komnenos was the founder of the Komnenian dynasty. Orphaned at an early age, he was raised under the care of Emperor Basil II. He made his name as a successful military commander. In 1057 he led a conspiracy of dissatisfied generals against the newly crowned Michael VI. He was proclaimed emperor by his followers and defeated the loyalist army in battle. On 1 Sep 1057, Isaac was crowned in the Hagia Sophia. To strengthen the Empire's fiscal condition he reduced salaries, implemented harsh tax measures and confiscated Church properties. This aroused much opposition particularly, from the Patriarch of Constantinople, whom he had arrested and exiled but who died before he was put on trial. The eastern frontier held firm during his reign, Hungarian raids were resolved by a treaty, and the restive Pechenegs were subdued by Isaac in person in summer 1059. Soon after, he fell ill and abdicated his throne in favor of Constantine X Doukas. Isaac retired to a monastery where he died in 1060.SH87502. Gold histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 2; Morrisson BnF 50/Cp/AV/01; Wroth BMC p. 512, 3; Ratto 2007; Sommer 51.1; SBCV 1843, gVF/XF, scyphate, well centered and struck, weight 4.400 g, maximum diameter 26.6 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 1 Sep 1057 - 22 Nov 1059; obverse +IhS XIS REX - REGNANTIhm (Jesus Christ King of Kings), Christ enthroned facing, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium, and colobium, raising right hand in benediction, gospels in left hand, double border; reverse +ICAAKIOC RA - CIΛEVC PΩM (Isaac King of the Romans), Issac standing facing, bearded; wearing crown with cross and pendilia, and military attire: cuirass, tunic, cloak and high boots; sword over his right shoulder in his right hand, resting left hand on scabbard hung on his side; from the Robert Watcher Collection, ex iNumis auction 6 (11 Oct 2008), lot 426; scarce; SOLD
Byzantine Empire, John VI Cantacuzenus and John V Palaeologus, 13 May 1347 - April 1353 A.D.
When Andronicus III died, his chief administrator, John Kantakouzenos asserted a claim to regency of the young emperor John V. The emperor's mother, Anna of Savoy, was appointed regent and she had John Kantakouzenos declared an enemy of the state. John Kantakouzenos defeated Anna with Ottoman help, and he was made Emperor John VI. John V was married to his daughter, Helena Kantakouzene, and the boy was allowed to reign as the junior emperor. John VI Kantakouzenos spent much of his own private wealth unsuccessfully trying to strengthen the Empire but was still unpopular because of his ties to the Ottomans. His attempt to curb Genoese power ended with the total destruction of the Byzantine fleet in 1349. John VI ignored his young colleague and in time even replaced him with his own son Matthew. John V Palaeologus obtained Genoese help, overthrew his rivals, and banished John Kantakouzenos to a monastery, where he lived 30 years as the monk Joasaph and wrote his famous history.SH70968. Gold hyperpyron, Lianta 849; Bendall 2004b, p. 297, C; SBCV 2526; Sommer 84.1; Grierson 1296; DOC V -, VF, scyphate, weight 3.402 g, maximum diameter 25.3 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 2 Feb 1325 - 1328 or possibly to 1330 A.D.; obverse Nimbate half-length facing figure of the Virgin Mary orans within city walls, four castles forming walls, star on each side of the uppermost castle, B lower left, A lower right; reverse John VI on left and Andronicus V on right, kneeling facing, Christ stands behind with hands over their heads in benediction; IUINK (or similar) downward on left and IUINKY (or similar) downward on right, N's reversed; very rare; SOLD
Constantine IX Monomachus, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055
In 1047, Constantine's nephew, general Leo Tornikios rebelled and besieged Constantinople from 25 to 28 September. Two assaults on the walls were turned back by the defenders under the personal leadership of Constantine. Despite suffering from gout and having no military experience, he showed courage and energy. Tornikios was forced to withdraw. After a failed attack on Rhaidestos, his followers abandoned him. He found refuge in a church, but was lured out, captured, and on Christmas day, he was blinded at Constantinople. Nothing thereafter is known about him.SH95130. Gold scyphate histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 3; Morrisson BnF 4 - 10; Wroth BMC (Constantine VIII) 6 - 9; Ratto (Constantine VIII) 1970; Sommer 48.3; Berk 304; SBCV 1830, EF, well centered and struck, beautiful depiction of Christ, scyphate, weight 4.373 g, maximum diameter 27.7 mm, die axis 150o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XPS REX REGNANTIhm (Jesus Christ King of Kings), bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cruciger with crescents in upper quarters, tunic and himation, raising right hand in blessing, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jewels around neck, jeweled chlamys, long cross scepter in right, globe surmounted by pellet cross in left, triple border; from the CEB Collection, ex Edward J. Waddell; SOLD
Constantine IX Monomachus, 12 June 1042 - 11 January 1055
In 1047, Constantine's nephew, general Leo Tornikios rebelled and besieged Constantinople from 25 to 28 September. Two assaults on the walls were turned back by the defenders under the personal leadership of Constantine. Despite suffering from gout and having no military experience, he showed courage and energy. Tornikios was forced to withdraw. After a failed attack on Rhaidestos, his followers abandoned him. He found refuge in a church, but was lured out, captured, and on Christmas day, he was blinded at Constantinople. Nothing thereafter is known about him.SH53610. Gold histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 1a; Wroth BMC 8 - 11; Morrisson BnF 1; Ratto 1987; Sommer 48.1; SBCV 1828, gVF, scyphate, beautiful!, weight 4.321 g, maximum diameter 28.7 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 12 Jun 1042 - 11 Jan 1055; obverse +Ihs XIS REX REGNANTInm, Christ enthroned facing on lyre-backed throne, wearing nimbus cruciger (halo with cross), tunic and himation, gospels in left, triple border; reverse +CWNSTAnTn BASILEWS Rm, bearded bust of Constantine XI facing, crown with cross and pendilia, jeweled chlamys, cruciform scepter in right, globe surmounted by patriarchal cross in left, triple border; SOLD
Byzantine Empire, Alexius I Comnenus, 4 April 1081 - 15 August 1118 A.D.
SH53616. Gold hyperpyron, DOC IV-1 20h; SBCV 1924, aEF, scyphate, weight 4.393 g, maximum diameter 30.5 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, 1092 - 1118 A.D.; obverse KE RO-HΘEI (Lord, help [Alexius]), IC - XC (Greek abbreviation: Jesus Christ), Christ enthroned facing, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium, and colobium, raising right in benediction, gospels in left, double border; reverse A/ΛE/ΞI/W / ΔEC/ ΠT - TW / KO/MNH/N/W, Alexius standing facing, wearing chlamys, five jewels on collar, labarum scepter in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand, manus Dei (hand of God) above right; scarce; SOLD
Byzantine Empire, Alexius I Comnenus, 4 April 1081 - 15 August 1118 A.D.
Plovdiv was originally a Thracian city before later becoming a Greek city, and then a major Roman city. In the Middle Ages, it retained its strategic regional importance, changing hands between the Byzantine and Bulgarian Empires. Around 1000 A.D., Philippopolis became the administrative seat of a newly created Byzantine théma with the same name. In 1180, Aime de Varennes encountered the singing of Byzantine songs in the city that recounted the deeds of Alexander the Great and Philip of Macedonia, over 1300 years before. In 1364, the Ottoman Turks under Lala Shakhin Pasha seized Plovdiv. The Turks called the city Filibe, derived from "Philip."SH73347. Gold hyperpyron, DOC IV-1 20o.1; Wroth BMC 3; Hendy pl. 5, 11; Sommer 59.29; SBCV 1935; Morrisson BnF -; Berk -; Ratto -, gVF, scyphate, bold reverse, flattened, graffiti in reverse margin, weight 4.370 g, maximum diameter 32.3 mm, die axis 180o, Philippopolis (Plovdiv, Bulgaria) mint, 1092 - 1118 A.D.; obverse KE RO-HΘEI (Lord, help [Alexius]), IC - XC (Greek abbreviation: Jesus Christ), Christ enthroned facing, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium, and colobium, raising right in benediction, gospels in left, double border; reverse A/ΛC/ZI/W / ΔCC/ ΠO/T - TW / KO/MNH/N (Z reversed, MNH ligate), Alexius standing facing, wearing chlamys, four jewels on collar, no jewels along the bottom edge of the chlamys, labarum scepter with no dot on shaft in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand, manus Dei (hand of God) above right; from the Robert Watcher Collection, this is the first ever Byzantine coin from the Philippopolis mint handled by Forum!; extremely rare; SOLD
Byzantine Empire, Constantine X Ducas, 25 December 1059 - 21 May 1067 A.D.
In 1066 A.D., on 28 September, Duke William of Normandy landed in England at Pevensey. On 14 October, at the Battle of Hastings, King Harold II of England was killed and Duke William of Normandy was victorious. In England, this date is the traditional end of the Dark Ages (Early Middle Ages). On 25 December, Duke William of Normandy was crowned King William I of England in Westminster Abbey.SH81740. Gold scyphate histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 1b; Wroth BMC 1 - 2; Morrisson BnF 51/Cp/AV/08; SBCV 1847; Sommer 52.1; Ratto 2010 var. (no pellet on labarum), gVF, scyphate, weight 4.412 g, maximum diameter 27.6 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 25 Dec 1059 - 21 May 1067 A.D.; obverse +IhS XPS REX REGNANTnIm (sic, Jesus Christ King of Kings), Christ seated facing on square-backed throne, wearing nimbus cruciger, pallium, and colobium, raising hand in benediction, Gospels in left, double border; reverse +KWN RAC Λ-O ΔOVKAC, Constantine standing facing on footstool, bearded, wearing crown, sakkos and loros, labarum with pellet on shaft in right hand, globus cruciger in left, double border; SOLD
Byzantine Empire, Constantine X Ducas, 25 December 1059 - 21 May 1067 A.D.
Constantine X seems to have been a weak, ineffective leader. His wife, Eudocia, had great power within the empire, and was thought by some to be "the power behind the throne." Upon the death of Constantine X, his eldest son, Michael VII was still a child, so Eudocia took over as regent.SH76238. Gold histamenon nomisma, DOC III-2 2, Morrisson BnF 51/Cp/AV/10, Wroth BMC 4, Ratto 2011, Sommer 52.2, SBCV 1848, VF, scyphate, well centered, mild strike error, weight 4.399 g, maximum diameter 28.0 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, 25 Dec 1059 - 21 May 1067; obverse + IhS XIS REX REGNANTIhm, Christ seated facing on lyre-backed throne, wears nimbus cruciger, pallium and colobium, raising hand in benediction; reverse + KWN RAC Λ O ΔOVKAC, the Virgin Mary (on right) standing facing, M - Θ flanking her head, crowing Constantine, who stands facing, globus cruciger in his left hand; from the Robert Watcher Collection, ex Lodge Antiquities; SOLD
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