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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Anatolia| ▸ |Pamphylia| ▸ |Side||View Options:  |  |  |   

Ancient Greek Coins of Side, Pamphylia

Side was founded by Greeks from Cyme, Aeolis, c. 7th century B.C. The settlers used the local language and over time forgot their native Greek. Excavations have revealed inscriptions written in this language, still undeciphered, dating as late as the 2nd century B.C. The name Side means pomegranate in this indigenous Anatolian language. Under Alexander the Great, then Ptolemaic, then Seleukid rule the city readily adapted Hellenistic culture, grew prosperous, and became an important cultural center. The Treaty of Apamea in 188 B.C. left Side autonomous until 36 B.C. when the city came under the rule of the Roman client King of Galatia, Amyntas. In 25 B.C., Augustus placed Pamphylia and Side in the Roman province of Galatia. Side began another prosperous period as a commercial center trading in olive oil and slaves, and some piracy. Its population grew to 60,000 inhabitants. Wealthy merchants paid for public works, monuments, competitions, games, and gladiator fights. Most of the extant ruins at Side date from this period of prosperity which lasted well into the 3rd century A.D. In the 4th century, Side's defensive walls could not stop successive highlander invasions. In the 5th and 6th centuries, Side experienced a revival, but Arab fleets raided and burned Side during the 7th century. The combination of earthquakes and Arab raids left the site nearly abandoned by the 10th century, its citizens having emigrated to nearby Antalya.Agora at Side

Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C.

|Alexander| |the| |Great|, |Macedonian| |Kingdom,| |Alexander| |the| |Great,| |336| |-| |323| |B.C.||stater|
Possible lifetime issue with beautiful style.
SH27864. Gold stater, Price -, Müller Alexander -, cf. Price 2948 ff. for ΔI symbol on tetradrachm and drachm, cf. Price table IX 2957 for style and iconography, EF, weight 8.559 g, maximum diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 180o, uncertain (Side, Pamphylia?) mint, c. 325 - 320 B.C.; obverse head of Athena right in crested Corinthian helmet decorated with griffin; reverse BA-ΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEΞANΔPOY, Nike standing left holding wreath and ship's mast, DI monogram lower left; very rare; SOLD


Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C.

|Alexander| |the| |Great|, |Macedonian| |Kingdom,| |Alexander| |the| |Great,| |336| |-| |323| |B.C.||stater|
Possibly struck during Alexander's lifetime.
SH33205. Gold stater, Price 2963, Müller Alexander 1477, gVF, weight 8.566 g, maximum diameter 18.4 mm, die axis 0o, uncertain (Side, Pamphylia?) mint, c. 325 - 320 B.C.; obverse head of Athena right wearing earring, necklace, and crested Corinthian helmet decorated with a coiled snake, hair in ringlets; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEΞANΔPOY, Nike standing left, wreath in right hand, stylus in left, ΦI and Λ lower left; mint luster in recesses; SOLD


Side, Pamphylia, c. 155 - 36 B.C.

|Side|, |Side,| |Pamphylia,| |c.| |155| |-| |36| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
In the 12th century A.D., Side temporarily established itself once more as a large city. An inscription found on the site of the former ancient city shows a considerable Jewish population in early Byzantine times. However, Side was abandoned again after being sacked. Its population moved to Antalya, and Side became known as Eski Adalia ("Old Antalya") and was buried.
SH21612. Silver tetradrachm, Arslan-Lightfoot 554 - 572 (same obv. die), SNG Cop 400, SNGvA 4797, SNG BnF 695, gVF, golden toning, weight 16.480 g, maximum diameter 27.9 mm, die axis 0o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, obverse head of Athena right in a crested Corinthian helmet; reverse Nike advancing left, extending wreath in right hand, pomegranate left, KΛE-YX (magistrate's name) below; fantastic Nike!; SOLD


Side, Pamphylia, 155 - 36 B.C.

|Side|, |Side,| |Pamphylia,| |155| |-| |36| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
Authenticity and grade guaranteed by
Independent Coin
Grading Company (ICG)
.
SL00890. Silver tetradrachm, SGCV II 5432; BMC Lycia, p. 148, 43 & pl. 37, 6; SNG Cop 400, SNGvA 4797, SNG BnF 695, Arslan-Lightfoot 274-275 (same obv die), gEF (ICG EF45), weight 16.03 g, maximum diameter 29.5 mm, die axis 0o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, obverse head of Athena right in a crested Corinthian helmet; reverse Nike advancing left holding wreath, pomegranate in left field, KΛE-YX below (magistrate name); SOLD


Philip II, July or August 247 - Late 249 A.D., Side, Pamphylia

|Side|, |Philip| |II,| |July| |or| |August| |247| |-| |Late| |249| |A.D.,| |Side,| |Pamphylia||pentassarion|
Side was founded by Greeks from Cyme, Aeolis, most likely in the 7th century B.C. The settlers started using the local language and over time forgot their native Greek. Excavations have revealed inscriptions written in this language, still undeciphered, dating from as late as the 2nd century B.C. The name Side is from this indigenous Anatolian language and means pomegranate.
RP92549. Bronze pentassarion, RPC Online VIII T21146 (8 spec.), SNG BnF 869, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, SNG PfPs -, BMC Lycia -, Watson -, VF, excellent centering on a broad flan, mottled green and orange patina, porous, reverse double strike, weight 18.493 g, maximum diameter 36.1 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, Jul/Aug 247 - Late 249 A.D.; obverse AYK K MAPK IOYΛ CEOYHP ΦIΛIΠΠON CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, E (mark of value) right; reverse CIΔHTΩN (N in exergue), Athena standing left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet, extending her right hand toward a tree before her, spear point upward behind in left hand; from the Errett Bishop Collection, big 36 mm bronze, only two sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; very rare; SOLD


Side, Pamphylia, c. 155 - 36 B.C.

|Side|, |Side,| |Pamphylia,| |c.| |155| |-| |36| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
In the 4th century A.D., even Side's defensive walls could not stop successive invasions of highlanders from the Taurus Mountains. During the 5th and 6th centuries, Side experienced a revival, and became the seat of the Bishopric of Eastern Pamphylia. Arab fleets, nevertheless, raided and burned Side during the 7th century, contributing to its decline. The combination of earthquakes, Christian zealots and Arab raids, left the site abandoned by the 10th century, its citizens having emigrated to nearby Antalya.
SH29564. Silver tetradrachm, SNG Cop 400, SNGvA 4797, SNG BnF 695, aEF, weight 16.056 g, maximum diameter 29.5 mm, die axis 0o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, obverse head of Athena right in a crested Corinthian helmet; reverse Nike advancing left, extending wreath in right hand, pomegranate left, KΛE-YX (magistrate's name) below; nice style for the late issue!; SOLD


Side, Pamphylia, c. 220 - 190 B.C., Seleukid Royal Countermark

|Side|, |Side,| |Pamphylia,| |c.| |220| |-| |190| |B.C.,| |Seleukid| |Royal| |Countermark||tetradrachm|
Side tetradrachms often bear Seleukid anchor countermarks. Often the coins had very little wear (and thus circulation) before countermarking. Houghton and Lorber do not attribute the countermark to a specific ruler, but it seems likely the countermarks are related to Antiochos III's offensive into Asia Minor, Thrace and Greece and the subsequent war with Rome in 190 B.C.
SH30035. Silver tetradrachm, SNGvA 4792; BMC Lycia p. 149, 50; SNG BnF -; SNG Cop -; countermark: Houghton-Lorber II 63, VF, attractive style, marks and scratches, small spots of light corrosion, some flattening on the upper reverse from countermarking, weight 16.499 g, maximum diameter 28.8 mm, die axis 0o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, c. 220 - 190 B.C.; obverse head of Athena right in a crested Corinthian helmet, countermarked with anchor in oval incuse; reverse Nike advancing left, wreath extended in right, pomegranate in left field, CT (magistrate's initials) below; SOLD


Side, Pamphylia, c. 155 - 36 B.C.

|Side|, |Side,| |Pamphylia,| |c.| |155| |-| |36| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
The great ruins of Side are among the most notable in Asia Minor. They cover a large promontory which a wall and a moat separate from the mainland. There are colossal ruins of a theater complex, the largest in Pamphylia, built in the 2nd century A.D. Following Roman design it relies on arches to support the sheer verticals. The Roman style was adopted because Side lacked a convenient hillside that could be hollowed out in the usual Greek fashion more typical of Asia Minor. The stage building was ornately adorned but the decorations and the theater are damaged, in part due to a strong earthquake. The theater was converted into an open-air sanctuary with two chapels during the 5th or 6th century (Byzantine times).Theater at Side
SH29573. Silver tetradrachm, SNG Cop 400, SNGvA 4797, SNG BnF 695, EF, weight 16.148 g, maximum diameter 28.0 mm, die axis 0o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, obverse head of Athena right in a crested Corinthian helmet; reverse Nike advancing left, extending wreath in right hand, pomegranate left, KΛE-YX (magistrate's name) below; SOLD


Macedonian Kingdom, Alexander the Great, 336 - 323 B.C.

|Alexander| |the| |Great|, |Macedonian| |Kingdom,| |Alexander| |the| |Great,| |336| |-| |323| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
The great ruins of Side are among the most notable in Asia Minor. The well-preserved city walls provide an entrance to the site through the Hellenistic main gate. Next comes the colonnaded street, all that remains of the marble columns are a few broken stubs near the old Roman baths. The street leads to the public bath, restored as a museum displaying statues and sarcophagi from the Roman period. Next is the square agora with the remains of a round Temple of Tyche in the middle. The agora was a trading center where pirates sold slaves. The remains of the theater, which was used for gladiator fights and later as a church, and the monumental gate date back to the 2nd century. The early Roman Temple of Dionysus is near the theater. The fountain gracing the entrance is restored. At the left side are the remains of a Byzantine Basilica. A public bath has also been restored. The remaining ruins of Side include three temples, an aqueduct, and a nymphaeum. The photograph right is of ruins of the temple of Apollo.Temple of Apollo
GS94100. Silver tetradrachm, Price 2949, Müller Alexander 550, Demanhur 1919 -1924. SNG Cop 764 (Phaselis or Side), SNG Saroglos 495, SNG Alpha Bank 650, SNG Munchen 684, VF, excellent style, well centered, toned, light marks, lightly etched surfaces, weight 16.037 g, maximum diameter 27.0 mm, die axis 0o, Pamphylia, Side (near Selimiye, Turkey) mint, lifetime or early posthumous, c. 325 - c. 320 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck; reverse Zeus Aëtophoros enthroned left, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, right leg forward (archaic lifetime style), eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, wreath on left, ΔI under throne, AΛΕΞANΔPOY downward on right, BAΣIΛΕΩΣ in exergue; SOLD


Side, Pamphylia, c. 155 - 36 B.C.

|Side|, |Side,| |Pamphylia,| |c.| |155| |-| |36| |B.C.||tetradrachm|
In 190 B.C. a fleet from Rhodes, supported by Rome and Pergamum, defeated the Seleucid fleet under the command of the fugitive Carthaginian general Hannibal. The Seleucid defeat freed Side from the overlord-ship of the Seleucid Empire. The Treaty of Apamea (188 B.C.) left Side in a state of uncertain freedom. It was during this period of autonomy that Side struck these tetradrachms. It would last until 36 B.C. when the city came under the rule of the Roman client King of Galatia, Amyntas.
SH21652. Silver tetradrachm, Arslan-Lightfoot 505 ff., gVF, weight 16.179 g, maximum diameter 30.2 mm, die axis 0o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, obverse head of Athena right in a crested Corinthian helmet; reverse Nike advancing left, extending wreath in right hand, pomegranate left, KΛE-YX (magistrate's name) below; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Babelon, E. La collection Waddington au cabinet des médailles. (Paris, 1897-1898).
Brett, A. Catalogue of Greek Coins, Boston Museum of Fine Arts. (Boston, 1955).
Burnett, A., M. Amandry, et al. Roman Provincial Coinage. (London, 1992 - ).
Cohen, E. Dated Coins of Antiquity: A comprehensive catalogue of the coins and how their numbers came about. (Lancaster, PA, 2011).
Colin, H. Die Münzen von Perge in Pamphylien aus hellenistischer Zeit. (Köln, 1996).
Franke, P. & M. Noellé. Die Homonoia-Münzen Kleinasiens und der thrakischen Randgebiete. (Saarbrücken, 1997).
Forrer, L. Descriptive Catalogue of the Collection of Greek Coins formed by Sir Hermann Weber, Vol. III, Part 2. (London, 1929).
Grose, S. Catalogue of the McClean Collection of Greek Coins, Fitzwilliam Museum, Vol. III: Asia Minor, Farther Asia, Egypt, Africa. (Cambridge, 1929).
Hersh, C. "Additions and Corrections to Martin J. Price's 'The Coinage in the name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus'" in Studies Price.
Hill, G. A Catalogue of Greek Coins in the British Museum, Lycia, Pamphylia, and Pisidia. (London, 1897).
Imhoof-Blumer, F. Kleinasiatische Münzen. (Vienna, 1901-2).
Lindgren, H. Lindgren III: Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993).
Lindgren, H. & F. Kovacs. Ancient Bronze Coins of Asia Minor and the Levant. (San Mateo, 1985).
Martini, R. Monetazione provinciale romana II: Collezione Winsemann Falghera. Glaux 8. (Milan, 1992).
Mildenberg, L. & S. Hurter, eds. The Dewing Collection of Greek Coins. ACNAC 6. (New York, 1985).
Mionnet, T. Description de Médailles antiques grecques et romaines, supplement, volume 7. (Paris, 1835).
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Naville Co. Monnaies grecques antiques S. Pozzi. Auction 1. (4 April 1921, Geneva).
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Price, M. The Coinage in the name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. (Zurich-London, 1991).
RPC Online - http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Vol. 2: Asia and Africa. (London, 1979).
Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982).
Seyrig, H. "X. Side" in "Monnaies hellénistiques," RN 1963.
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 6: Phrygia to Cilicia. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland: Pfälzer Privatsammlungen, Part 4: Pamphylien. (Munich, 1993).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Sammlung Hans Von Aulock, Vol. 2: Caria, Lydia, Phrygia, Lycia, Pamphylia. (Berlin, 1962).
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Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain IV, Fitzwilliam Museum, Leake and General Collections, Part 7: Asia Minor: Lycia - Cappadocia. (London, 1967).
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