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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Roman Provincial| ▸ |Roman Gaul||View Options:  |  |  | 
Roman Provincial Coins of Gaul

Roman Gaul consisted of an area of provincial rule in the Roman Empire, in modern day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and western Germany. Roman control of the area lasted for 600 years. The Roman Empire began its takeover of what was Celtic Gaul in 121 B.C., when it conquered and annexed the southern reaches of the area. Julius Caesar completed the task by defeating the Celtic tribes in the Gallic Wars of 58-51 B.C.E. and the Romanization was quick and large; Latin was spoken by a majority of Gauls in the first century C.E. but with some remains of the Gallic language. Following the Romans' defeat by the Franks at the Battle of Soissons in 486 C.E., Gaul came under the rule of the Merovingians, the first kings of France. The only attempt at a rebellion against Rome was an unsuccessful uprising in 257 C.E. under Postumus. Maison_Carree

Augustus and Agrippa, c. 10 - 14 A.D., Colonia Augusta Nemausus, Gallia Narbonensis

|Roman| |Gaul|, |Augustus| |and| |Agrippa,| |c.| |10| |-| |14| |A.D.,| |Colonia| |Augusta| |Nemausus,| |Gallia| |Narbonensis||dupondius|
The reverse commemorates the conquest of Egypt in 30 B.C. This theme was probably used at Nemausus because the colony was settled by Egyptian Greeks and veterans from Anthony's army that had surrendered to Octavian at Actium. This coin is from a final revival of the type with the addition of P P, for Pater Patri, Father of the Country, on the obverse. Augustus was honored with this title in 2 B.C.SH70945. Bronze dupondius, RPC Online I 525, RIC I 159, SNG Cop 700, SNG Tüb 160, SRCV I 1731, VF, well centered, green patina, flan flaw below busts, weight 13.251 g, maximum diameter 26.4 mm, die axis 315o, Colonia Augusta Nemausus (Nimes, France) mint, c. 10 - 14 A.D.; obverse back to back heads of Agrippa (on left) and Augustus, Agrippa wears a rostral crown combined with a laurel wreath, Augustus wears a laurel wreath, IMP above, P - P flanking below chins, DIVI F below; reverse crocodile right chained to a palm, wreath with long ties over COL - NEM across field above crocodile divided by palm, two palm fronds below crocodile; ex Roma Numismatics; SOLD


Augustus and Agrippa, c. 10 - 14 A.D., Colonia Augusta Nemausus, Gallia Narbonensis

|Roman| |Gaul|, |Augustus| |and| |Agrippa,| |c.| |10| |-| |14| |A.D.,| |Colonia| |Augusta| |Nemausus,| |Gallia| |Narbonensis||dupondius|
The reverse commemorates the conquest of Egypt in 30 B.C. This theme was probably used at Nemausus because the colony was settled by Egyptian Greeks and veterans from Anthony's army that had surrendered to Octavian at Actium. This coin is from a final revival of the type with the addition of P P, for Pater Patri, Father of the Country, on the obverse. Augustus was honored with this title in 2 B.C.RP34063. Bronze dupondius, RPC Online I 525, RIC I 159, SNG Cop 700, SNG Tüb 160, SRCV I 1731, VF, choice green patina, a few small punches on reverse, weight 12.637 g, maximum diameter 25.5 mm, die axis 30o, Colonia Augusta Nemausus (Nimes, France) mint, c. 10 - 14 A.D.; obverse back to back heads of Agrippa (on left) and Augustus, Agrippa wears a rostral crown combined with a laurel wreath, Augustus wears a laurel wreath, IMP above, P - P flanking below chins, DIVI F below; reverse crocodile right chained to a palm, wreath with long ties over COL - NEM across field above crocodile divided by palm, two palm fronds below crocodile; ex Roma Numismatics; SOLD


Nemausus, Gaul, c. 40 B.C.

|Gaul|, |Nemausus,| |Gaul,| |c.| |40| |B.C.||obol|
Colonia Nemausus was founded as a colony by Tiberius Claudius Nero in 45 or 44 B.C. for veterans that had served Julius Caesar under his command in Gaul and the invasion of Egypt. He was the first husband of Livia and was persuaded or forced by Octavian to divorce her. At the wedding he gave her in marriage to Octavian "just as a father would." The myrtle crown (Corona Ovalus) was bestowed upon a general by the Senate for an ovatio (minor triumph and triumphal ornaments), but not a triumph. Tiberius Claudius Nero as quaestor to Julius Caesar defeated the fleet of Ptolemy XIII on the Nile in January of 47 B.C. Suetonius notes that for this he received a priesthood. No ovation is recorded. However, about 16 lines are missing from the restored Fasti Triumphales describing awards dating 54 - 45 B.C. Presumably, Tiberius Claudius Nero received the myrtle crown for what was certainly among the top Roman military achievements against foreigners during this gap.RP97011. Silver obol, RPC Online I 519 (18 spec.), SNG Cop 691, De Luynes 764, CCBM II 597, De la Tour 2718, VF, toned, off center on a small flan, scratches, light earthen deposits, ragged chipped edge, weight 0.234 g, maximum diameter 10.3 mm, die axis 180o, Nemausus (Nimes, France) mint, c. 40 B.C.; obverse helmeted and draped bust right; reverse NEM COL in two lines within myrtle wreath; rare; SOLD







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REFERENCES

Burnett, A., M. Amandry & P. Ripollès. Roman Provincial Coinage I: From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AD 69). (London, 1992 and suppl.).
Lindgren, H. Ancient Greek Bronze Coins: European Mints from the Lindgren Collection. (San Mateo, 1989).
Lindgren, H. Ancient Greek Bronze Coins. (Quarryville, 1993).
Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, The Millennium Edition, Volume One, The Republic and the The Twelve Caesars 280 BC - AD 86. (London, 2000).
Sutherland, C. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. I, From 39 BC to AD 69. (London, 1984).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 8: Egypt, North Africa, Spain - Gaul. (1994).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, München Staatlische Münzsammlung, Part 1: Hispania. Gallia Narbonensis. (Berlin, 1968).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Deutschland, Münzsammlung Universität Tübingen, Part 1: Hispania-Sikelia. (Berlin, 1981).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Great Britain XII, The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, Part 1: Roman Provincial Coins: Spain?Kingdoms of Asia Minor. (Oxford, 2004).

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