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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Medieval & Modern Coins| ▸ |Austria||View Options:  |  |  |   

Coins of Austria

The origins of Austria date back to the time of the Roman Empire when a Celtic kingdom was conquered by the Romans in approximately 15 B.C. and later became Noricum, a Roman province, in the mid-1st century AD?an area which mostly encloses today's Austria. In 788 A.D., the Frankish king Charlemagne conquered the area and introduced Christianity. Under the native Habsburg dynasty, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary. The Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed in 1918 with the end of World War I. The First Austrian Republic was established in 1919. In the 1938 Anschluss, Austria was occupied and annexed by Nazi Germany. This lasted until the end of World War II in 1945, after which Austria was occupied by the Allies and its former democratic constitution was restored. In 1955, the Austrian State Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state, ending the occupation. In the same year, the Austrian Parliament created the Declaration of Neutrality which declared that the country would become permanently neutral.

Austrian States, Duchy of Styria, Otakar IV, 1164 - 1192 A.D.

|Austria|, |Austrian| |States,| |Duchy| |of| |Styria,| |Otakar| |IV,| |1164| |-| |1192| |A.D.||pfennig|
The Duchy of Styrea was a herzogtum, a march or frontier country in what is now modern Austria, ruled by a duke. The medieval Otakar dynasty ruled Styria from 1056 to 1192. Childless and deathly ill, Ottokar IV, who had contracted leprosy while on crusade, was the first but also the last Otakars to rule as a duke. The Duchy of Styrea remained a part of the Holy Roman Empire until the empire was dissolved in 1806. Other varieties of this type have rings or pellets vice crosses on the obverse and the star is not always present on the reverse.
ME89023. Silver pfennig, CNA I B73, crosses/star variant, F, light toning, weight 0.400 g, maximum diameter 15.6 mm, Fischau (Bad Fischau, Austria) mint, 1164 - 1192 A.D.; obverse ornament of five lilies, five crosses in the angles; reverse horse and rider right, horseman holding trained sword, star upper left; SOLD


Austria, Leopold I the Hogmouth, Holy Roman Emperor, 18 July 1658 - 5 May 1705

|Austria|, |Austria,| |Leopold| |I| |the| |Hogmouth,| |Holy| |Roman| |Emperor,| |18| |July| |1658| |-| |5| |May| |1705||15| |kreuzer|
Leopold was short and ugly; with an exaggerated Habsburg lip. His speech was awkward, manner uncouth, and personality unemotional and unsympathetic. He was also a man of industry, education, and of some political ability. Strong and healthy, he loved hunting and riding. He also had a taste for music and composed several Oratorios and Suites of Dances.
ME114258. Silver 15 kreuzer, SCWC KM 1198, VF, slight curve to flan, scratches, marks, weight 5.910 g, maximum diameter 29.7 mm, die axis 180o, Vienna mint, 1662; obverse LEOPOLDVS . D . G . (XV) . R . I . S . A . G . H . B . REX, laureate and draped bust right, XV (denomination) in frame below; reverse ARCHID . AVS . (CA) . DVX . B . CO . TVR . 16-62 ., crowned imperial eagle with dual shield of arms of Austria in inner circle, crown breaking date above, CA monogram (mintmark mark) in oval below; ex Leu Numismatik auction 24 (3 Dec 2022), lot 5128 (part of); ex European collection formed before 2005; SOLD


Duchy of Austria, Leopold VI, 1195 - 1230

|Austria|, |Duchy| |of| |Austria,| |Leopold| |VI,| |1195| |-| |1230||pfennig|
ME92178. Silver pfennig, CNA I D3, Luschin 303, VF, light toning, double struck, weight 0.671 g, maximum diameter 16.2 mm, Graz mint, c. 1220 - 1230; obverse bridge with two towers, deer head facing with rosette above between the towers, double border; reverse lion right, double border with annulets between them; ex Münzhändel Knopik (Eckartsberga, Germany); SOLD


Archbishopric Salzburg, Adalbert III von Böhmen, 1168 - 1177 and 1183 - 1200 A.D.

|Austria|, |Archbishopric| |Salzburg,| |Adalbert| |III| |von| |Böhmen,| |1168| |-| |1177| |and| |1183| |-| |1200| |A.D.||pfennig|
Adalbert, son of King Ladislas II of Bohemia and Gertrude of Austria; grand-son of Emperor Henry IV, was elected Archbishop of Salzburg, Austria in 1168. The position included secular power as well as ecclesiastical. The Emperor, offended when Adalbert exercised his authority without formal approval, briefly replaced Adalbert as bishop. To gain allies Adalbert unlawfully gave away Church property; his priests petitioned for a new election, but Pope Alexander III supported him. Through a series of political maneuvers, Adalbert managed to keep his see until formally deposed in May 1174. He was re-elected on 19 Sep 1183, this time with the emperor's support. He held the see until his death.
ME66515. Silver pfennig, cf. CNA Ca9, VF, weight 1.236 g, maximum diameter 19.9 mm, die axis 90o, Frisach mint, obverse Archbishop standing facing, crozier in right hand, book in left; reverse gable of a church with two spires, cross between them; SOLD


Archbishopric Salzburg, Adalbert III von Böhmen, 1168 - 1177 and 1183 - 1200 A.D.

|Austria|, |Archbishopric| |Salzburg,| |Adalbert| |III| |von| |Böhmen,| |1168| |-| |1177| |and| |1183| |-| |1200| |A.D.||pfennig|
Adalbert, son of King Ladislas II of Bohemia and Gertrude of Austria; grand-son of Emperor Henry IV, was elected Archbishop of Salzburg, Austria in 1168. The position included secular power as well as ecclesiastical. The Emperor, offended when Adalbert exercised his authority without formal approval, briefly replaced Adalbert as bishop. To gain allies Adalbert unlawfully gave away Church property; his priests petitioned for a new election, but Pope Alexander III supported him. Through a series of political maneuvers, Adalbert managed to keep his see until formally deposed in May 1174. He was re-elected on 19 Sep 1183, this time with the emperor's support. He held the see until his death.
ME59144. Silver pfennig, CNA Ca9, aVF, weight 1.235 g, maximum diameter 18.9 mm, die axis 0o, Frisach mint, obverse ERIACENSIS (retrograde, S sideways), archbishop standing facing, crozier in right, key in left; reverse gable of a church with two spires, cross between them; SOLD


Austrian States, Duchy of Carinthia, Bernhard von Spanheim, 1202 - 1256

|Austria|, |Austrian| |States,| |Duchy| |of| |Carinthia,| |Bernhard| |von| |Spanheim,| |1202| |-| |1256||pfennig|
The Duchy of Carinthia was located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was separated from the Duchy of Bavaria in 976. Carinthia remained a state of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, though from 1335 it was ruled within the Austrian dominions of the Habsburg dynasty. Bernhard von Spanheim was Duke of Carinthia for 54 years from 1202 until his death in 1256. A patron of chivalry and minnesang (lyric and song writing), Bernhard's reign marked the emergence of the Carinthian duchy as an effective territorial state.
ME92748. Silver pfennig, CNA I Cb17, VF, toned, rounded-rectangular flan, typical uneven strike, weight 0.701 g, maximum diameter 16.2 mm, die axis 0o, St. Veit (Sankt Veit an der Glan) mint, c. 1250 - 1256; obverse Duke Bernhard standing, facing in chain mail holding sword and shield, struck over raised square (quadratum supercusum); reverse +SANCTVS, cross fourchée, five pointed star with center pellet (floret?) in each quarter; ex Reinhard Schimmer (Nurnberg); SOLD


Archduchy of Austria, Ferdinand III, 1637 - 1657

|Austria|, |Archduchy| |of| |Austria,| |Ferdinand| |III,| |1637| |-| |1657||3| |Kreuzer|
Ferdinand III was the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II from the house of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. He hoped to be able to make peace quickly with France and Sweden, but the war dragged on for another 11 years, finally coming to an end with the Peace of Westphalia.

In the Peace of Westphalia, his full titles are given as: "Ferdinand the Third, elected Roman Emperor, always August, King of Germany, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Margrave of Moravia, Duke of Luxemburg, of the Higher and Lower Silesia, of Wurtemburg and Teck, Prince of Swabia, Count of Habsburg, Tyrol, Kyburg and Goritia, Marquess of the Sacred Roman Empire, Burgovia, the Higher and Lower Lusace, Lord of the Marquisate of Slavonia, of Port Naon and Salines.
WO59126. Silver 3 Kreuzer, SCWC KM 835, VF, weight 1.800 g, maximum diameter 21.1 mm, die axis 0o, St. Veit mint, 1639; obverse FERDI• III• D• G• R I• S• A• G• H• E• B• R•, laureate and draped bust right, (3) below; reverse ARCHI AVS E CARINT D B E 1639, triple coats-of-arms; SOLD


Archbishopric Salzburg, Adalbert III von Böhmen, 1168 - 1177 and 1183 - 1200 A.D.

|Austria|, |Archbishopric| |Salzburg,| |Adalbert| |III| |von| |Böhmen,| |1168| |-| |1177| |and| |1183| |-| |1200| |A.D.||pfennig|
Adalbert, son of King Ladislas II of Bohemia and Gertrude of Austria; grand-son of Emperor Henry IV, was elected Archbishop of Salzburg, Austria in 1168. The position included secular power as well as ecclesiastical. The Emperor, offended when Adalbert exercised his authority without formal approval, briefly replaced Adalbert as bishop. To gain allies Adalbert unlawfully gave away Church property; his priests petitioned for a new election, but Pope Alexander III supported him. Through a series of political maneuvers, Adalbert managed to keep his see until formally deposed in May 1174. He was re-elected on 19 Sep 1183, this time with the emperor's support. He held the see until his death.
ME59145. Silver pfennig, CNA Ca9, VF, weight 1.107 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 0o, Frisach mint, obverse ERIACENSIS (retrograde, S sideways), archbishop standing facing, crozier in right, key in left; reverse gable of a church with two spires, cross between them; SOLD


Austria, Leopold I the Hogmouth, Holy Roman Emperor, 18 July 1658 - 5 May 1705

|Austria|, |Austria,| |Leopold| |I| |the| |Hogmouth,| |Holy| |Roman| |Emperor,| |18| |July| |1658| |-| |5| |May| |1705||3| |Kreuzer|
Leopold was short and ugly; with an exaggerated Habsburg lip. His speech was awkward, manner uncouth, and personality unemotional and unsympathetic. He was also a man of industry, education, and of some political ability. Strong and healthy, he loved hunting and riding. He also had a taste for music and composed several Oratorios and Suites of Dances.
WO59105. Silver 3 Kreuzer, SCWC KM 1169, mintmaster Franz Faber v. Rosensock, aEF, weight 1.602 g, maximum diameter 22.8 mm, die axis 0o, Vienna mint, 1670; obverse LEOPOLDVS . D . G .-. R . I . S . A . G . H . B . REX, laureate and draped bust right, 3 (denomination) in frame below; reverse ARCHID . AVS . DVX . B . CO . TVR . 16-70 ., crowned imperial eagle in inner circle, breaking date above, rosette (privy mark) in oval below; SOLD


Austrian States, Duchy of Carinthia, Bernhard von Spanheim, 1202 - 1256

|Austria|, |Austrian| |States,| |Duchy| |of| |Carinthia,| |Bernhard| |von| |Spanheim,| |1202| |-| |1256||follaro|
The Duchy of Carinthia was located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was separated from the Duchy of Bavaria in 976. Carinthia remained a state of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, though from 1335 it was ruled within the Austrian dominions of the Habsburg dynasty. Bernhard von Spanheim was Duke of Carinthia for 54 years from 1202 until his death in 1256. A patron of chivalry and minnesang (lyric and song writing), Bernhard's reign marked the emergence of the Carinthian duchy as an effective territorial state. This type was minted at the Minted at the Kostanjevica Monastery founded by Bernhard von Spanheim at Landstrass.
ME92173. Silver follaro, CNA 1 Cn4, VF, toned, uneven strike with weak areas as usual for this type, weight 0.959 g, maximum diameter 18.6 mm, die axis 0o, Slovenia, Landstrass, Kostanjevica Monastery mint, c. 1202 - 1256; obverse two half length facing busts, above wall, palm tree in center between them, annulets upper left and upper right; reverse LANDSTROSN, lion left, annulets around, struck over raised square (quadratum supercusum); ex Münzenhdl. Brom (Berlin); SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Corpus Nummorum Austriacorum. (Vienna, 1994-1999).
Davenport, J. The Talers of the Austrian Noble Houses. (Galesburg, 1972).
Domanig, K. Porträtmedaillen des Erzhauses österreich von Kaiser Friedrich III bis Kaiser Franz II. (Vienna, 1869).
Frey, A. The Dated European Coinage prior to 1501. (New York, 1915).
Friedberg, A. & I. Friedberg. Gold Coins of the World, From Ancient Times to the Present. (2009).
Herinek, L. Osterreichische Münzprägungen. (Vienna, 1984).
Kenis, Y. Catalogue des Medailles et Jetons des Pays-Bas Autrichiens 1714-1794. (Bruxelles, 2000).
Koch, B. Der Wiener Pfennig. (Vienna, 1983).
Krause, C. & C. Mishler. Standard Catalog of World Coins. (Iola, WI, 2010 - ).
Levinson, R. The early dated coins of Europe 1234-1500. (Williston, VT, 2007).
Luschin, A. Wiener Münzen im Mittelalter. (Vienna and Liepzig, 1913).
Miller zu Aichholz, V., A. Loehr & E. Holzmair. Österreichische Münzprägungen. (Vienna, 1948).
Moser, H. & H. Tursky. Die Münzstätte Hall in Tirol. (Innsbruck, 1981).
Pohl, A. Die Grenzland-Prägung, Münzprägung in Österreich und Ungarn im 15. Jahrhundert. (Graz, 1972).
Szego, A. The Coinage of Medieval Austria 1156 - 1521. (reprint, 1995).
Voglhuber, R. Taler und Schautaler des Erzhauses Habsburg 1484 - 1896. (Frankfurt/Main, 1971).

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