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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Medieval & Modern Coins| ▸ |Austria||View Options:   | | | The origins of Austria date back to the time of the Roman Empire when a Celtic kingdom was conquered by the Romans in approximately 15 B.C. and later became Noricum, a Roman province, in the mid-1st century AD?an area which mostly encloses today's Austria. In 788 A.D., the Frankish king Charlemagne conquered the area and introduced Christianity. Under the native Habsburg dynasty, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary. The Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed in 1918 with the end of World War I. The First Austrian Republic was established in 1919. In the 1938 Anschluss, Austria was occupied and annexed by Nazi Germany. This lasted until the end of World War II in 1945, after which Austria was occupied by the Allies and its former democratic constitution was restored. In 1955, the Austrian State Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state, ending the occupation. In the same year, the Austrian Parliament created the Declaration of Neutrality which declared that the country would become permanently neutral. |
The Duchy of Styrea was a herzogtum, a march or frontier country in what is now modern Austria, ruled by a duke. The medieval Otakar dynasty ruled Styria from 1056 to 1192. Childless and deathly ill, Ottokar IV, who had contracted leprosy while on crusade, was the first but also the last Otakars to rule as a duke. The Duchy of Styrea remained a part of the Holy Roman Empire until the empire was dissolved in 1806. Other varieties of this type have rings or pellets vice crosses on the obverse and the star is not always present on the reverse.ME89023. Silver pfennig, CNA I B73, crosses/star variant, F, light toning, weight 0.400 g, maximum diameter 15.6 mm, Fischau (Bad Fischau, Austria) mint, 1164 - 1192 A.D.; obverse ornament of five lilies, five crosses in the angles; reverse horse and rider right, horseman holding trained sword, star upper left; $110.00 (€111.10)
Austrian States, Duchy of Styria, Otakar IV, 1164 - 1192 A.D.
The Duchy of Styrea was a herzogtum, a march or frontier country in what is now modern Austria, ruled by a duke. The medieval Otakar dynasty ruled Styria from 1056 to 1192. Childless and deathly ill, Ottokar IV, who had contracted leprosy while on crusade, was the first but also the last Otakars to rule as a duke. The Duchy of Styrea remained a part of the Holy Roman Empire until the empire was dissolved in 1806. Other varieties of this type have rings or pellets vice crosses on the obverse and the star is not always present on the reverse.ME91990. Silver pfennig, CNA I B73, crosses/star variant, aVF, toned, double struck, weight 0.407 g, maximum diameter 15.0 mm, Fischau (Bad Fischau, Austria) mint, 1164 - 1192 A.D.; obverse floral-geometric pattern of five lilies within five lobes, five small crosses in the angles; reverse rider with trained sword to the right, star upper left; $110.00 (€111.10)
Federal State of Austria, 1934
The First Austrian Republic lasted until 1933 when the chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss established an autocratic regime tending towards Italian fascism. He was assassinated in July 1934 and his successor, Kurt Schuschnigg, acknowledged Austria as a "German state" and that Austrians were "better Germans" but wished for Austria to remain independent. Austria remained pseudo-independent until 1938 when Hitler reunified Austria with the German Reich.WO92163. Copper-Nickel 50 groschen, SCWC KM 2850, EF, light toning, weight 5.558 g, maximum diameter 24.0 mm, die axis 0o, 1934; obverse · OESTERREICH · (clockwise above), 50 GROSCHEN (counterclockwise below), 50 in a square border within round inner border; reverse Austria coat of arms: double-headed eagle, haloed, Austrian escutcheon on breast, wings spread 19-34 below divided by tail; $25.00 (€25.25)
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