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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Greek Imperial| ▸ |Gaul||View Options:   | | | |
The reverse commemorates the conquest of Egypt in 30 B.C. This theme was probably used at Nemausus because the colony was settled by Egyptian Greeks and veterans from Anthony's army that had surrendered to Octavian at Actium. This coin is from a final revival of the type with the addition of P P, for Pater Patri, Father of the Country, on the obverse. Augustus was honored with this title in 2 B.C.RP113677. Bronze dupondius, RPC Online I 525, RIC I 159, SNG Cop 700, SNG Tüb 160, SRCV I 1731, VF, near centered on a tight flan, green patina, bumps and scrapes, weight 13.022 g, maximum diameter 26.7 mm, die axis 45o, Colonia Augusta Nemausus (Nimes, France) mint, c. 10 - 14 A.D.; obverse back to back heads of Agrippa (on left) and Augustus, Agrippa wears a rostral crown combined with a laurel wreath, Augustus wears a laurel wreath, IMP above, P - P flanking below chins, DIVI F below; reverse crocodile right chained to a palm, wreath with long ties over COL - NEM across field above crocodile divided by palm, two palm fronds below crocodile; ex Stack's Bowers auction August 2023, lot 53508 (part of); ex Coin Galleries Numismatists (New York); SOLD
Roman Republic, Dictatorship of Julius Caesar, L Hostilius Saserna, 48 B.C.
The events of 48 B.C. are among the best known of ancient history. Caesar defeated Pompey at Pharsalus and later was greeted at Alexandria with a gift of Pompey's head. The twenty-one-year-old Cleopatra VII had herself delivered to him rolled in a carpet and became his mistress. Caesar and Cleopatra defeated Ptolemy XIII, but during the battle the Library of Alexandria was burned.
This type refers to Caesar's taking of Massilia early in the war with Pompey. Artemis Ephesia was held in special reverence at Massilia, where they had a temple dedicated to her.RR82689. Silver denarius, Crawford 448/3, Sydenham 953, RSC I Hostilia 4, Sear Imperators 19, BMCRR Rome 3996, SRCV I 419, gVF, attractive toning, light marks, die wear, reverse slightly off center, weight 3.993 g, maximum diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 90o, Rome mint, 48 B.C.; obverse bare head of Gallia right with long disheveled hair, carnyx (Gallic trumpet) behind; reverse cultus statue of Diana (Artemis) of Ephesus standing facing, laureate, long hair falling down her shoulders and long flowing robes, holding stag left by its antlers with her right hand, vertical spear in left hand, SASERNA curving upward on left, L • HOSTILIVS downward on right; ex Gorny and Mosch auction 176 (10 Mar 2009), lot 1962; scarce; SOLD
Gallic Celts, Coriosolites, c. 100 - 50 B.C.
| The Coriosolites (or Curiosolites or Curiosolitae) were a Celtic people in the region now called Brittany, mentioned by Julius Caesar several times. He describes the position of the Coriosolites on the ocean among the Armoric states, near the Veneti, Unelli, Osismi, and other tribes. No Coriosolites cities or roads are mentioned by the Romans. The name seems to be preserved in Corseul, a village between Dinan and Lamballe, where there are the remains of an old Roman town. We may conclude that, after the fashion of Gallic names, Corseul was the capital of the Coriosolites. |  |
Nemausus, Gaul, c. 40 B.C.
Colonia Nemausus was founded as a colony by Tiberius Claudius Nero in 45 or 44 B.C. for veterans that had served Julius Caesar under his command in Gaul and the invasion of Egypt. He was the first husband of Livia and was persuaded or forced by Octavian to divorce her. At the wedding he gave her in marriage to Octavian "just as a father would."GB90908. Silver obol, RPC I 519, SNG Cop 691, De la Tour 2718, VF, weight 0.294 g, maximum diameter 10.5 mm, die axis 0o, Nemausus (Nimes, France) mint, c. 40 B.C.; obverse helmeted and draped, male bust right, with long sideburns; reverse NEM COL in laurel wreath; SOLD
Belgic Celts, Bellovaci, c. 100 - 57 B.C.
| The Bellovaci, among the most powerful and numerous of the Belgian tribes of north-eastern Gaul, were conquered by Julius Caesar in 57 B.C. The name survives today in the French city of Beauvais, called by the Romans Caesaromagus. The Bellovaci territory extended from modern Beauvais to the Oise River, along the coast. When Caesar learned the Bellovaci intended to conquer the territory of their Suessiones neighbors, he decided to oppose them and prove Roman superiority. The Bellovaci were surprised by the arrival of Roman troops but, despite his force of about 30,000 men, Caesar was intimidated by the size of the Bellovaci forces. Neither initiated battle. The Belgic warriors set traps in the woods for Roman foragers. Caesar called for reinforcements and built a bridge across a marsh to position his troops within range of the Bellovaci camp. The Bellovaci retreated and then attempted an ambush. Caesar learned of their plan and had reinforcements ready to attack, but the Bellovaci were defeated and their general Correus killed, even before he arrived. After the battle, the Bellovaci were impressed by Caesar's clemency but some of their leaders fled to Britain. |  |
Julius Caesar, and Octavian, 36 B.C., Lugdunum, Gaul
RP46010. Leaded bronze cut fragment, cut half of RPC I 515, VF, green patina, weight 5.849 g, maximum diameter 32.1 mm, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, obverse [IMP] (above), CAES[AR DIVI F] DIVI IVLI, laureate head of Caesar left [and bare head of Octavian right (off flan)]; reverse C•I•V (above), prow right with large superstructure, ornamented with an eye; SOLD
Celtic, Northeast Gaul, Remi, 1st Century B.C.
The Remi were a Belgic people of north-eastern Gaul, with their capital at Durocortum (Reims, France). They were renowned for their horses and cavalry. The Remi allied themselves with Julius Caesar during the Gallic Wars and were one of the few tribes not to join the rebellion of Vercingetorix. Potin has no intrinsic value, so the caste potin coinage of the Gaulish Celts was fiat money (like the dollar bill, it has no value except that it is accepted in trade). There were no weight standards. Each type was accepted only by the tribe that issued it.CE92008. Potin unit, CCCBM III 477, Castelin Zürich 328, De La Tour 8145, Delestrée-Tache 220, VF, gray patina, weight 4.999 g, maximum diameter 20.2 mm, die axis 270o, Durocortum (Reims, France) mint, 1st century B.C.; obverse figure seated facing, with legs crossed, holding torc in right hand, plait of hair in left hand; reverse boar standing right; snake-like ornament above, star above right, star below center; ex CNG e-auction 256 (25 May 2011), lot 163 (realized $220 plus fees); SOLD
Gallic Celts, Lingones, c. 58 - 50 B.C., Time of Caesar's Gallic Wars
| The Celtic Lingones tribe lived in Gaul near the headwaters of the Seine and Marne rivers. Their capital was called Andematunnum, then Lingones, now Langres in the Haute-Marne, France. Some Lingones migrated across the Alps and settled near the mouth of the Po River in Cisalpine Gaul of northern Italy around 400 B.C., part of a wave of Celtic tribes that included the Boii and Senones. The Lingones may have helped sack Rome in 390 B.C. The Gaulish Lingones were thoroughly Romanized by the 1st century, living in a rich and urbanized society in the region of Langres and Dijon and minting coins. They initially joined the Batavian rebellion, in 69 A.D., fearing they would be plundered by the Roman army. But when, contrary to expectation, the inhabitants remained unharmed and lost none of their property, they returned to loyalty, and provided Rome seventy thousand armed men. From dedicatory inscriptions and stamped tiles, we know that two cohorts of Lingones served in Roman Britain in the 2nd and 3rd centuries. |  |
Octavian Augustus, 16 January 27 B.C. - 19 August 14 A.D., Narbo, Gaul
This issue was probably struck in 40 B.C., perhaps in the spring or Summer when Octavian was in Gaul.
In 40 B.C., with the Treaty of Brundisium, the Triumvirs agreed to divide the Roman Republic into spheres of influence. Gaius Octavian styled himself "Imperator Caesar" and controlled the Western provinces. Mark Antony controlled the Eastern provinces; the River Drin, the boundary between the provinces Illyricum and Macedonia, would serve as their frontier. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus controlled Hispania and Africa. The treaty was cemented by the marriage of Antony and Octavia, sister of Octavian.RP39921. Leaded bronze as, RPC I 518 (same countermark in same location on pl. coin), F, weight 17.548 g, maximum diameter 29.6 mm, die axis 0o, Narbo (Narbonne, France) mint, c. 40 B.C.; obverse CAESAR, bare head right, countermark of cock; reverse prow with superstructure and mast right; SOLD
Gallic Celts, Carnutes, Beauce Area, c. 41 - 30 B.C.
The helmeted bust on the obverse is derived from that of Minerva on the Roman Republic denarius of C. Vibius Varus, 42 B.C. (Crawford 494/38, Sydenham 1140).CE89589. Bronze piastre, CCBM III 119, De la Tour 7105, Delestrée-Tache 2473, Scheers S-M 324 ff., Blanchet 274, aVF, green patina with darker fields, some bumps and scratches, light corrosion, weight 2.923 g, maximum diameter 16.2 mm, die axis 270o, c. 41 - 30 B.C.; obverse PIXTILOS, helmeted head left, the neck adorned with a torque, branch left, ornaments above; reverse PIXTILOS, lion running left, tail curled above the back, two ringed pellets above, stylized bird right below; ex CGB Numismatique Paris; scarce; SOLD
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