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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Military| ▸ |Captives||View Options:   | | | |
Sulla, in a dream, was the first to see Venus as Venus Victrix (victorious Venus) with the weapons of Mars. He made her his patroness. Pompey inaugurated the cult of Venus Victrix in Rome. The night before the battle of Pharsalus 48 B.C. Pompey dreamed of Venus Victrix, seemingly a lucky sign. That night Caesar sacrificed to Venus Genetrix, but issued Venus Victrix as the watch word. Caesar was victorious in the battle!RS111542. Silver denarius, RIC IV 312d (S); RSC III 613; BMCRE V p. 446, 87; Hunter III p. 88, 58; SRCV II 6891, Choice gVF, well centered bold strike, excellent mature portrait, weight 2.576 g, maximum diameter 19.9 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, end 213 - 217 A.D.; obverse ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM, laureate and bearded head right; reverse VENVS VICTRIX (victorious Venus), Venus standing slightly left, head left, crested helmet in right hand, long scepter in left hand, resting left arm on shield, flanked by a captive at feet on each side seated facing outward; ex Numismatik Naumann auction 124 (8 Jan 2023), lot 945 (part of); scarce;
Commodus, March or April 177 - 31 December 192 A.D.
Commodus' twelve-year rule degenerated into debauchery, paranoia, and insanity. He believed he was Hercules reincarnated and even fought in gladiatorial contests. His unscrupulous favorites ran the empire while he amused himself in whatever decadent way he saw fit. Most Romans saw his assassination as a blessing.RS111654. Silver denarius, RIC III 9, RSC II 791, SRCV II 5706, Hunter II 1, SRCV II 5706, VF, flow lines, toned, centered on tight flan, edge cracks/splits, light marks, weight 2.311 g, maximum diameter 17.9 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 180 A.D.; obverse M COMMODVS ANTONINVS AVG, laureate head right; reverse TR P V IMP IIII COS II P P, two captives seated back to back on shields at the base of a trophy of captured arms, captive on right is a woman in mourning with hand to head, captive on left with arms on knees;
Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D.
In 201, Osroene, a semi-autonomous vassal kingdom located in Mesopotamia, became the first state to adopt Christianity as its official religion. The independence of the state ended in 244 when it was incorporated in the Roman Empire.RS112610. Silver denarius, RIC IV 54b; BMCRE V p. 204, 262; SRCV II 6853; Hunter III 18; RSC III 175, Choice VF, well centered, iridescent toning, flow lines, marks, die wear, edge cracks, weight 2.509 g, maximum diameter 19.4 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 201 A.D.; obverse ANTONINVS PIVS AVG, laureate and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse PART MAX PONT TR P IIII (victor over the Parthians, priest, holder of Tribunitian power for 4 years), trophy of captured arms, flanked by two captives seated facing outward and wearing pointed caps; from the Collection of Dr. Jüregen Buschek;
Arcadius, 19 January 383 - 1 May 408 A.D.
The hand of God offering the diadem asserts that Arcadius derived the right to rule directly from the will of God. He claimed the divine right of kings, the political and religious doctrine that royal legitimacy was God's mandate.RL112899. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antioch 41(a)2, SRCV V 20788, DOCLR 38, Tolstoi 84, LRBC II -, Ratto -, Choice VF, well centered, nice dark green patina, slightest porosity, tiny edge cracks, weight 5.028 g, maximum diameter 22.9 mm, die axis 180o, 6th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, c. 19 Jan 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse D N ARCADIVS P F AVG, pearl diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, spear left in right hand, shield on left arm, hand of God above offering diadem; reverse GLORIA ROMANORVM (glory of the Romans), Emperor standing facing, head left, diademed and wearing military garb, labarum in right hand, resting left hand on grounded shield at side, captive on left kneeling facing with hands bound behind and looking at emperor, cross above captive left, *ANTS in exergue;
Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
On 3 July 324, at Adrianople, Constantine defeated Licinius forcing him to retreat to Byzantium. Crispus destroyed Licinius' fleet at the Battle of Hellespont in the Dardanelles, allowing his father to cross over the Bosporus and besiege Licinius. On 18 September, Constantine I decisively defeated Licinius at the Battle of Chrysopolis and became sole emperor.RT112896. Billon follis, Hunter V 118 (also 2nd officina), RIC VII Heraclea 52 (R1), SRCV IV 15222, Cohen VII 74, Choice gVF, earthen deposits, weight 3.437 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Heraclea (Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey) mint, 321 - 324 A.D.; obverse IMP C VAL LICIN LICINIVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse IOVI CONSERVATORI (to Jupiter the protector), Jupiter standing slightly left, head left, Victory on globe presenting wreath in right hand, long eagle-topped scepter vertical behind in left, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left, X/IIΓ right, SMHB in exergue;
Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
In 320, Licinius reneged on the religious freedom promised by the Edict of Milan, and began a new persecution of Christians in the Eastern Roman Empire. He imprisoned Christians, confiscated their properties and destroyed churches.RL110728. Billon centenionalis, Hunter V 57, RIC VII Aquileia 40 (R2) corr. (obv. legend), SRCV IV 15369, Cohen VII 187, Choice gVF, earthen encrusted as found, weight 3.297 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 180o, 2nd officina, Aquileia mint, 320 A.D.; obverse IMP LICINIVS AVG, helmeted and cuirassed bust right; reverse VIRTVS EXERCIT (courage of the army), Vexillum inscribed VOT / X, flanked by two bound captives seated flanking base, S - F flanking banner, AQS in exergue;
Crispus, Caesar, 1 March 317 - 326 A.D.
This type commemorates Crispus' military success against eh Alamanni on the Rhine frontier. The Alamanni were Germanic tribes living along the Rhine. In French, Germany is "Allemagne."RT112168. Billon centenionalis, RIC VII Sirmium 49, SRCV IV 16723, Cohen VII 1, VF, well centered, green patina, weight 2.482 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 0o, Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) mint, 324 - 325 A.D.; obverse FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate head right; reverse ALAMANNIA DEVICTA (Alamannia vanquished), Victory advancing left, trophy in right hand, palm frond in left hand, left foot on bound captive seated right at feet on right, •SIRM• in exergue; from Shawn Caza former diplomat, author of A Handbook of Late Roman Coins (Spink, 2021), collection assembled during postings and international travel; ex Agora Vienna (Reinhard Dollinger);
Valens, 28 March 364 - 9 August 378 A.D.
On 28 March 364, Valens, brother of Valentinian I, was appointed co-emperor (Augustus) in the palace of Hebdomon (Turkey). He soon began the first anti-pagan persecutions.RL112548. Bronze centenionalis, RIC IX Alexandria 1b, Cohen VIII 11, LRBC II 2858, SRCV V 19763, Hunter V 69, Fine, centered, earthen deposits, weight 2.599 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, 28 Mar 364 - 24 Aug 367 A.D.; obverse D N VALENS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse GLORIA ROMANORVM (glory of the Romans), Valens advancing right, labarum (chi-rho standard) in left, dragging captive with right, ALE[..] in exergue; ex Numismatik Naumann auction 129 (4 Jun 2023), lot 1002 (part of);
Constantine II, 22 May 337 - March or April 340 A.D.
The Alamanni were Germanic tribes living along the Rhine. In French, Germany is "Allemagne."RT112171. Billon centenionalis, RIC VII Sirmium 50, LRBC I 803, SRCV V 17146, Cohen VII 50, VF, well centered, scrapes, encrustations, weight 3.250 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 0o, Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) mint, as caesar, 324 - 325 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB CAES, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse ALAMANNIA DEVICTA (Alamannia vanquished), Victory stepping left on bound captive seated left, trophy of captured arms in right, branch in left, •SIRM• in exergue; from Shawn Caza former diplomat, author of A Handbook of Late Roman Coins (Spink, 2021), collection assembled during postings and international travel; ex Agora Vienna (Reinhard Dollinger); scarce; $6.50 (€5.98)
Aurelian, August 270 - October or November 275 A.D.
Certificate of Authenticity issued by David R. Sear.SH24849. Gold aureus, MER-RIC 1584, Göbl MIR 127q, pl. 74 (O96/R298); BnF XII 424, pl. 13 (same dies); Estiot 1999-I 58 (same dies); RIC V 15, aEF, edge bump at 10 o'clock, weight 4.459 g, maximum diameter 21.4 mm, die axis 180o, Mediolanum (Milan, Italy) mint, issue 3, mid 272 - end 272; obverse IMP CL DOM AVRELIANVS P F AVG, laureate and cuirassed bust right, wearing aegis across chest with small Medusa head in center; reverse VIRTVS AVG (the valor of the Emperor), Virtus, helmeted, cloaked, holding spear in right and trophy across left shoulder, walking right, captive before; ex Harlan Berk; SOLD
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