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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Medieval & Modern Coins| ▸ |Sicily||View Options:   | | | |
Sicily was ruled by Muslims as the Emirate of Sicily, an Islamic kingdom from 831 to 1091. Its capital was Palermo, which during this period became a major cultural and political center of the Muslim world. Under Muslim rule, the island became increasingly prosperous and cosmopolitan. Trade and agriculture flourished, and Palermo became one of the largest and wealthiest cities in Europe. Christian Norman mercenaries under Roger I ultimately conquered the island, founding the County of Sicily in 1071.ME114490. Billon dirhem fraction, MIR Sicilia 436 (R), MEC Italy III 291, Biaggi 1774, Spahr 96, VF, toned, porous, tight flan, weight 0.298 g, maximum diameter 8.16 mm, Palermo mint, 553 - 554 AH, 1158 - 1160; obverse lis between 1st and second line of Arabic inscription: al malik / Ghulyalim / al-mu'azzam (King William, the magnificent); reverse eight pointed star within circle, Arabic legend: mint and date around;
Kingdom of Sicily, Manfred von Hohenstaufen, 1258 - 1266
Manfred was frequently in conflict with the Papacy and was excommunicated by three different popes. In the Divine Comedy, Dante meets Manfred outside the gates of Purgatory, where the spirit explains that, although he repented of his sins in the moment of death, he must atone by waiting 30 years for each year he lived as an excommunicate, before being admitted to Purgatory proper. Queen Elizabeth is a descendant of King Manfred. ME95075. Billon denaro, Spahr 217, MEC Italy III 621, MIR 10 485 (R, Brindisi), Travaini 82, Thomsen 2513, F, well centered, typical small squared flan, light corrosion, weight 0.636 g, maximum diameter 14.8 mm, Messina mint, 1258 - 1266; obverse + DEI GRACR, Ω over M; reverse + • SICILIE •, cross pattée with pellet in each quarter;
Kingdom of Sicily, Manfred von Hohenstaufen, 1258 - 1266
The inscriptions are only fragmentary, but it is doubtful this type exists will full inscriptions.
Manfred was frequently in conflict with the Papacy and was excommunicated by three different popes. In the Divine Comedy, Dante meets Manfred outside the gates of Purgatory, where the spirit explains that, although he repented of his sins in the moment of death, he must atone by waiting 30 years for each year he lived as an excommunicate, before being admitted to Purgatory proper. Queen Elizabeth is a descendant of King Manfred. ME95104. Billon denaro, Spahr 215, MEC Italy III 616, MIR 10 484 (R, Manfredonia), Travaini 81, F, green patina, typical small squared flan, light corrosion, light earthen deposits, weak legends, weight 0.434 g, maximum diameter 14.8 mm, Messina mint, 1258 - 1264; obverse MAYNFRID, Ω over M; reverse REX SICILIE, two intersecting crosses;
Kingdom of Sicily, Manfred von Hohenstaufen, 1258 - 1266
The inscriptions are only fragmentary, but it is doubtful this type exists will full inscriptions.
Manfred was frequently in conflict with the Papacy and was excommunicated by three different popes. In the Divine Comedy, Dante meets Manfred outside the gates of Purgatory, where the spirit explains that, although he repented of his sins in the moment of death, he must atone by waiting 30 years for each year he lived as an excommunicate, before being admitted to Purgatory proper. Queen Elizabeth is a descendant of King Manfred. ME95111. Billon denaro, Spahr 215, MEC Italy III 616, MIR 10 484 (R, Manfredonia), Travaini 81, F, green patina, typical small squared flan, light earthen deposits, uneven strike, weight 0.517 g, maximum diameter 13.3 mm, Messina mint, 1258 - 1264; obverse MAYNFRID, Ω over M; reverse REX SICILIE, two intersecting crosses;
Kingdom of Sicily, Frederick II (HRE), 1198 - 1250
Frederick II was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages. At two he was crowned King of Sicily, co-ruler with his mother Constance, the daughter of Roger II of Sicily. In 1220, he was made King of the Romans, and as such, King of Germany, of Italy, and of Burgundy. He became King of Jerusalem through marriage and the Sixth Crusade. Due to frequent disputes with the Papacy, he was excommunicated four times and Pope Gregory IX called him the Antichrist. An avid patron of science and the arts, he spoke Latin, Sicilian, German, French, Greek and Arabic.ME114491. Billon denaro, MEC Italy III 549, MIR 10 282 (NC), Biaggi 455 (NC), Spahr 121, F, dark toning, rough/porous, deposits, weight 0.754 g, maximum diameter 16.3 mm, Apulia, Brindisi mint, c. 1239; obverse F - IM-PER-ATO-R, long cross intersecting legend; reverse RI-ER'-ETS-ICL'•, crowned head superimposed at center on long cross intersecting legend;
Normans, Kingdom of Sicily, William II, 1166 - 1189 A.D.
In about 1184, King William II of Sicily began minting at Messina a trifollaro with a lion's face (or mask) on the obverse and a fruited date-palm on the reverse. The lion's face appears to be a copy of a Siculo-Punic coin minted at Messina in the fifth century BC - 1500 years earlier. These may still have been in circulation in Messina in 1184. The date-palm may have been a symbol meant for William's Muslim subjects, since the Quran says Mary ate dates at the time of Jesus' birth.ME113746. Bronze trifollaro, MEC Italy III 425 ff., Travaini 166 ff., Biaggi 1231, Spahr I 117, aVF, green patina, corrosion, encrustation, off center, weight 10.517 g, maximum diameter 24.7 mm, die axis 0o, Messina mint, second copper coinage; obverse facing lion head mask; reverse palm tree with dates;
Kingdom of Sicily, Charles of Anjou, 1266 - 1278
Charles received the Kingdom of Sicily as a papal grant but had to take it by force from the Hohenstaufen. In 1282, he was expelled from Sicily by rebellion. He continued to claim the island, but ruled only the peninsula from his capital at Naples. By conquest he became King of Albania in 1272, by purchase King of Jerusalem in 1277, and he inherited the Principality of Achaea in 1278.ME113749. Billon denaro, Biaggi 489, Spahr 29, MEC Italy III -, VF, tight flan,edge ragged, weight 0.471 g, maximum diameter 13.4 mm, Brindisi mint, c. 1277; obverse + DEI GRA REX SICIL, • K •, with the vertical line a cross; reverse + DVC APVL PRI CAP, cross crosslet; very rare;
Kingdom of Sicily, Manfred von Hohenstaufen, 1258 - 1266
Manfred was frequently in conflict with the Papacy and was excommunicated by three different popes. In the Divine Comedy, Dante meets Manfred outside the gates of Purgatory, where the spirit explains that, although he repented of his sins in the moment of death, he must atone by waiting 30 years for each year he lived as an excommunicate, before being admitted to Purgatory proper. Queen Elizabeth is a descendant of King Manfred.ME95056. Billon denaro, Spahr 211, MIR Sicilia 140 (R), MEC XIV 614, Travaini 78, F, green patina, scrapes, earthen encrustations, weight 0.675 g, maximum diameter 15.3 mm, Messina mint, 1258 - 1266; obverse + MAYNF R, tau between three pellets, one above, one on each side; reverse + SICILIE, Cross pattée with a pellet at at each corner of end of the arms; scarce;
Normans, Kingdom of Sicily, Roger II, 1105 - 1154 A.D.
Roger II was King of Sicily, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became Duke of Apulia and Calabria in 1127, and then King of Sicily in 1130. Roger II is remembered for having united all of the Norman conquests in Italy under one strong central government. He was also the grandfather of Frederick II.ME111224. Bronze follaro, MEC Italy III 162, Biaggi 1216 (R, double follaro), Spahr 53, MIR Sicily 19 (R2), gF, dark patina, earthen deposits, weight 5.149 g, maximum diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 210o, Messina mint, 1127 - 1130 A.D.; obverse Roger standing facing, long cross in right, globus cruciger in left, wearing crown with pendilia, R over II on left; reverse Christ seated facing on wide throne, nimbus cruciger behind head, Gospels in both hands on lap; rare;
Kingdom of Sicily, Manfred von Hohenstaufen, 1258 - 1266
Manfred was frequently in conflict with the Papacy and was excommunicated by three different popes. In the Divine Comedy, Dante meets Manfred outside the gates of Purgatory, where the spirit explains that, although he repented of his sins in the moment of death, he must atone by waiting 30 years for each year he lived as an excommunicate, before being admitted to Purgatory proper. Queen Elizabeth is a descendant of King Manfred.ME95036. Billon denaro, Spahr 211, MIR Sicilia 140 (R), MEC XIV 614, Travaini 78, aF, green patina, typical small squared flan, porous, weight 0.664 g, maximum diameter 14.2 mm, Messina mint, 1258 - 1266; obverse + MAYNF R, tau between three pellets, one above, one on each side; reverse + SICILIE, cross pattée with a pellet at at each corner of end of the arms; scarce;
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