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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Gods, Olympians| ▸ |Apollo||View Options:  |  |  |   

Apollo

God of light, healing, music, poetry, prophecy, archery, and the arts. Symbols include the bow and the lyre. Artemis is his twin sister. Son of Zeus and Leto.

Roman Republic, Dictatorship of Julius Caesar, L. Valerius Acisculus, 45 B.C.

|Julius| |Caesar|, |Roman| |Republic,| |Dictatorship| |of| |Julius| |Caesar,| |L.| |Valerius| |Acisculus,| |45| |B.C.||denarius|NEW
The denarii of the moneyer, Lucius Valerius Acisculus have been the subject of much scholarly head scratching, with this fascinating and unusual issue being no exception. David Sear in Roman Silver Coins I: Republic to Augustus (1978) interpreted the reverse in the traditional fashion, with Valeria Luperca (the sister of the early Roman consul Publicola) riding a heifer, a supposed allusion to a legend of the moneyer's family, retold by Plutarch. However, in Sear's The History and Coinage of the Roman Imperators 49 - 27 BC (1998), he had completely revised his description of the coin type in reaction to research conducted by Michael Crawford, "who prefers to see Europa riding on the bull." Sear goes on to say, "In mythology, Zeus fell in love with this Phoenician princess and, turning himself into a bull, enticed her to ride on his back whereupon he swam out to sea and took her to Crete where she bore him several children. Is it too fanciful to see in this type a reference to Queen Cleopatra of Egypt who, at Caesar's invitation in 46 BC, had crossed the sea to join him in Rome where she remained until his assassination?"
RR114360. Silver denarius, Crawford 474/1a, Sydenham 998, BMCRR 4099, Sear Imperators 90, RBW 1656, RSC Valeria 17 (£75), Babelon Valeria 17, gVF, uneven, off-centered strike, two 'I'-shaped marks in front of Apollo (banker's marks?), weight 3.932 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 90o, Rome mint, 45 B.C.; obverse diademed head of Apollo to right, star above, acisculus (double-headed pick) behind with ACISCVLVS in between and below head; reverse Europa seated on bull to right, holding billowing veil, L•VALERIVS in exergue; first specimen of this type handled by FORVM; $200.00 (€188.00)
 


Antioch, Seleukis & Pieria, Syria, c. 59 - 60 A.D.

|Antioch|, |Antioch,| |Seleukis| |&| |Pieria,| |Syria,| |c.| |59| |-| |60| |A.D.||dichalkon|
Shortly after Nero's accession in 54, the Roman vassal kingdom of Armenia overthrew their Iberian prince Rhadamistus and replaced him with the Parthian prince Tiridates. This was seen as a Parthian invasion. Nero immediately sent the army under the command of Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. The Parthians temporarily relinquished Armenia, but peace did not last. Full-scale war broke out in 58 when the Parthians invaded Armenian. Corbulo repelled Tiridates, and Rome again controlled most of Armenia. Nero was acclaimed for this victory. Tigranes, a Cappadocian noble raised in Rome, was installed as the new ruler of Armenia. Corbulo was appointed governor of Syria as a reward.
RP113545. Bronze dichalkon, McAlee 107(b); RPC I 4293; SNG Cop 108; BMC Galatia p. 161, 80, VF, turquoise and black patina, earthen deposits, scratches/marks, weight 3.631 g, maximum diameter 17.2 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, civic issue, reign of Nero, c. 59 - 60 A.D.; obverse draped bust of Apollo right, hair rolled and bound with beaded taenia; reverse ANTIOXE ET HP (Antioch, year 108 [Caesarian era]), lyre, dot below; $120.00 (€112.80)
 


Macedonian Kingdom, Lysimachos, as Satrap of Thrace, 323 - 305 B.C., Struck by Kassander

|Macedonian| |Kingdom|, |Macedonian| |Kingdom,| |Lysimachos,| |as| |Satrap| |of| |Thrace,| |323| |-| |305| |B.C.,| |Struck| |by| |Kassander||unit|
This type was likely struck by Kassander at Amphipolis for Lysimachos, perhaps while Lysimachos was battling the Thracian tribes. With the support of Antigonus, Ptolemy, and Lysimachus, Kassander defeated Polyperchon, and declared himself the Macedonian regent in 317 B.C. Lysimachos was satrap in Thrace and some adjoining territory, an area without a royal mint. Lysimachos and Kassander were related by marriage and bound by mutual trust, respect, and unwavering friendship. Kassander likely supplied the bulk of Lysimachos monetary needs, perhaps even until Lysimacus gained control of mints in Anatolia after Ipsus.
GB112982. Bronze unit, Price p. 133, P4; SNG ANS 998; Thompson 2 (Lysimachia mint, 306 - 300 B.C.); SNG Alpha Bank -; SNG Cop -, gF, green patina, spots of corrosion, weight 5.202 g, maximum diameter 17.7 mm, die axis 125o, Amphipolis mint, c. 317 - 305 B.C.; obverse head of Apollo right, wearing taenia; reverse ΦIΛIΠΠOY, young male rider galloping right, holding palm branch; bow lower left, ΛY to the left of lion forepart right below; scarce; $110.00 (€103.40)
 


Hierapolis, Phrygia, c. 1st Century B.C.

|Hierapolis|, |Hierapolis,| |Phrygia,| |c.| |1st| |Century| |B.C.||AE| |19|
Hierapolis (Greek: "Holy City") was located on hot springs in Phrygia in southwestern Anatolia. Its ruins are adjacent to modern Pamukkale in Turkey and are designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The hot springs have been used as a spa since the 2nd century B.C., with many patrons retiring or dying there. The large necropolis is filled with sarcophagi. In A.D. 17, during the rule of the emperor Tiberius, a major earthquake destroyed the city.
The unusual seated figure on the reverse of this Apollo type has variously been described as Athena, Roma, Tyche, or a "City-goddess," none of which have found full acceptance among numismatists. Leo Weber in his 1911 XAPITEΣ article, "Zur Münzprägung des phrygischen Hierapolis" was decidedly against the attribution to Athena based on the absence of her iconic helmet. An unnamed city goddess, as tentatively proposed by Barclay Head in BMC Phrygia, seemed to Weber the closest identification of those he knew. That said, discussed later in the article was a pseudo-autonomous issue (i.e. RPC III 2350) inscribed ΘEA PΩMH ("the Goddess Roma") on the reverse. Although the designs are different in many ways and (supposedly) similar to the seated Athena type of the Pergamene kings, they undeniably capture the spirit of the old Hierapolis Greek type.
GB113956. Bronze AE 19, BMC Phrygia p. 228, 2-3; HGC 7 696 (R2), cf. SNG Tübingen 4019 (uncertain monogram), gF, well centered, attractive dark green patina with good contrast, weight 6.802 g, maximum diameter 19.1 mm, die axis 0o, Hierapolis (near Pamukkale, Turkey) mint, c. 58 - 40 B.C.(?); obverse laureate head of Apollo right; reverse IEPO/ΠOΛITΩN downwards in right and left fields, respectively, Roma(?) seated left on pile of three shields, holding wreath-bearing Nike in right hand supported by scepter in left; letters ΦI in lower right field.; very rare; $110.00 (€103.40)
 


Ake Ptolemais, Galilee, c. 111 - 110 B.C.

|Judaea| |&| |Palestine|, |Ake| |Ptolemais,| |Galilee,| |c.| |111| |-| |110| |B.C.||AE| |15|
Ptolemais was a maritime city of Galilee (Acts 21:7). It was originally Accho, but was renamed Ptolemais under the rule of Ptolemy Soter.

The kithara (cithara) was an ancient stringed musical instrument resembling the lyre. The lyre was a simpler folk-instrument with two strings and tortoise shell body. The kithara had seven strings and a flat back. A symbol of Apollo, who was credited with inventing it, the Kithara's origins were likely Asiatic. The kithara was primarily used by professional musicians, called kitharodes. In modern Greek, the word kithara has come to mean "guitar."
GY111139. Bronze AE 15, cf. Kadman Akko 51; HGC 10 23 (R1), Seyrig Ptolémaïs 4, VF, near centered, porosity, obv. edge beveled, edge cracks, date obscure but only BΣ published, weight 2.405 g, maximum diameter 15.3 mm, die axis 0o, Ake Ptolemais (Acre, Israel) mint, c. 111 - 110 B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo right; reverse kithara (lyre), ANTIOXEΩN downward on right, TΩN / EN ΠTOΛEMAIΔI in two downward lines on left, BΣ ([year] 202 [Seleukid era]) outer left; rare; $100.00 (€94.00)
 


Macedonian Kingdom, Philip II of Macedonia, 359 - 336 B.C.

|Macedonian| |Kingdom|, |Macedonian| |Kingdom,| |Philip| |II| |of| |Macedonia,| |359| |-| |336| |B.C.||unit|
Philip II became the ruler of all Greece when he defeated the Athenians at the Battle of Chaeroneia in 338 B.C. Philip personally selected the design of his coins. His horse, on the reverse of this coin, won a race in the Olympic Games in 356 B.C., the year his son Alexander the Great was born.
GB113967. Bronze unit, SNG Munchen 188, SNG Alpha Bank 405, SNG ANS 909, SNG Cop 599, VF/F, dark green patina, light deposits, weight 5.255 g, maximum diameter 16.9 mm, die axis 270o, obverse head of Apollo right wearing taenia; reverse ΦIΛIΠΠOY (clockwise above), nude young male rider on horse prancing to right, dolphin downward right over AP monogram below; $100.00 (€94.00)
 


Sardes, Lydia, 2nd - 1st Century B.C.

|Sardes|, |Sardes,| |Lydia,| |2nd| |-| |1st| |Century| |B.C.||AE| |16|
Sardis was the capital of the Kingdom of Lydia, an important city of the Persian Empire, a Roman proconsul seat, and in later Roman and Byzantine times the metropolis of the province Lydia. In the Book of Revelation, Sardis, one of the Seven Churches of Asia, is admonished to be watchful and to strengthen since their works haven't been perfect before God. (Revelation 3:1-6).
GB111922. Bronze AE 16, GRPC Lydia 4 pl. 273, 9; BMC Lydia, p. 238, 19; SNG Cop -; SNGvA -, VF, broad flan, porosity, scratch, both sides beveled, weight 3.779 g, maximum diameter 15.6 mm, die axis 90o, Sardes (Sart, Turkey) mint, 2nd - 1st century B.C.; obverse laureate head of Apollo right, long hair; reverse club, ΣAPΔI/ANΩN divided in two flanking lines, all within oak wreath, wreath closed with ΔM monogram above, all in a shallow round incuse; from the Michael Arslan Collection; $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Gordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D.

|Gordian| |III|, |Gordian| |III,| |29| |July| |238| |-| |25| |February| |244| |A.D.||antoninianus|
After Apollo insulted him, Eros (cupid) shot Apollo with an arrow that caused him to fall in hopeless love with Daphne, a mortal woman. Eros shot Daphne with an arrow which made her incapable of loving Apollo. Nevertheless Apollo pursued her, and out of desperation Daphne escaped by having herself turned into a laurel. Ever after, winners of the games to honor Apollo wore wreaths of laurel in honor of Apollo's Daphne.
RS113149. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 89, RSC IV 261, Hunter III 37, SRCV III 8648, Choice VF, well centered, nice portrait, flow lines, mild rev. due wear, weight 5.170 g, maximum diameter 22.6 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, 242 - Jul 243 A.D.; obverse IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse P M TR P V COS II P P, Apollo seated left on throne, nude to waist, himation around hips and legs, laurel branch in extended right hand, resting left arm on lyre; ex Numismatik Naumann auction 130 (2 Jul 2023), lot 1309 (part of); $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Macedonian Kingdom, Philip II of Macedonia, 359 - 336 B.C.

|Macedonian| |Kingdom|, |Macedonian| |Kingdom,| |Philip| |II| |of| |Macedonia,| |359| |-| |336| |B.C.||unit|
Philip II became the ruler of all Greece when he defeated the Athenians at the Battle of Chaeroneia in 338 B.C. Philip personally selected the design of his coins. His horse, on the reverse of this coin, won a race in the Olympic Games in 356 B.C., the year his son Alexander the Great was born.
GB113966. Bronze unit, SNG ANS 894, SNG Alpha Bank 374, SNG Cop 583, VF, areas of light corrosion, obv. edge beveled, weight 6.756 g, maximum diameter 18.1 mm, die axis 315o, Macedonian mint, obverse head of Apollo right wearing taenia; reverse ΦIΛIΠΠOY clockwise above, young male riding horse prancing to right, A (appearing as Λ with dot within) below, all in a shallow round incuse; $90.00 (€84.60)
 


Maximinus II Daia, May 310 - 30 April 313 A.D., Antioch, Syria, Civic Christian Persecution Issue

|Antioch|, |Maximinus| |II| |Daia,| |May| |310| |-| |30| |April| |313| |A.D.,| |Antioch,| |Syria,| |Civic| |Christian| |Persecution| |Issue||quarter| |follis|NEW
In 311, after the death of Galerius in late April or May, representatives from Nicomedia presented themselves before Maximinus, bringing images of their gods and requested that Christians not be allowed to live in their city. Late in 311, an embassy from Antioch, led by their curator Theotecnus, also requested permission to banish Christians from their city and its territory. Other cities followed with the same request. Maximinus support for Antioch's requests is advertised by this coin type. Fearing his co-emperors, however, Maximinus changed his mind. His edict in May 313 restored privileges and property to Christians. Later in 313, Licinius captured Antioch and executed Theotecnus.
RT114686. Billon quarter follis, McAlee 170(b), Van Heesch 3(a), Vagi 2954, SRCV IV 14927, VF, near centered on a tight flan, highlighting earthen deposits, rev. weakly struck, weight 1.602 g, maximum diameter 15.2 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, c. 312 A.D.; obverse GENIO ANTIOCHENI, Tyche of Antioch seated facing on rocks, turreted and veiled, stalks of grain in right; upper body of river-god Orontes below, standing facing in waist deep water, arms outstretched; reverse APOLLONI SANCTO, Apollo standing left, patera in right hand, kithara (lyre) in left hand, B right, SMA in exergue; $90.00 (€84.60)
 




  



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