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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Themes & Provenance| ▸ |Gods, Olympians| ▸ |Ares or Mars||View Options:   | | | God of war and bloodshed. Symbols include the boar and the spear. Son of Zeus and Hera. |
Consular busts are scarce for this dynasty.RA93244. Billon antoninianus, Bastien 562 (3 spec. cited), RIC V-2 -, Cohen VI -, SRCV III -, Hunter V -, La Venčra -, Choice aVF, well centered, flow lines, tiny encrustations, scattered light porosity, weight 3.080 g, maximum diameter 22.85 mm, die axis 0o, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, 6th emission, c. 284 A.D.; obverse IMP C NVMERIANVS AVG, radiate bust wearing imperial mantle right, eagle-tipped scepter in right hand; reverse MARS VICTOR (Mars the Victor), Mars advancing right, nude except for helmet and cloak tied in belt at waist and flying behind, transverse spear in right hand, trophy over left shoulder in left hand, C in right field; very rare; $420.00 (€344.40)
Severus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D.
In 231, Severus Alexander accompanied his mother Julia Mamaea to Syria and campaigned against the Persians. Military command rested in the hands of his generals, but his presence gave additional weight to the empire's policy. The Romans were defeated and withdrew to Syria. After heavy losses on both sides, a truce was signed accepting the status quo. In 233, Alexander celebrated a triumph in Rome to commemorate his "victory."RB89054. Orichalcum sestertius, RIC IV 635, BMCRE VI 843, Cohen IV 163, Hunter III 163, SRCV II 7979, VF, dark patina, centered on an oval flan, small edge cracks, slight double strike, weight 20.911 g, maximum diameter 33.6 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 231 - 235 A.D.; obverse IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG, laureate,draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse MARS VLTOR (Mars the avenger), Mars advancing right in military garb, spear transverse in right hand, shield in left hand, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; ex John Jencek; $140.00 (€114.80)
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D.
Gallienus paid particular adoration to Mars. He raised a temple to the worship of Mars in the Circus Flaminius and called the god Propugnator (champion or defender). "Mars the Pacifier" may be seen as ironic today, but the Romans knew that victory in war (hopefully including the total destruction of your enemy) is an effective way to achieve peace.RA94171. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 570w, RSC IV 618c, RIC V-1 S236, SRCV III 10288, Hunter IV S67 var. (no drapery), VF/F, dark brown tone, full legends, flow lines, weight 4.102 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 180o, 1st officina, Rome mint, c. 264 - 266 A.D.; obverse GALLIENVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse MARTI PACIFERO (to Mars the peacemaker), Mars standing slightly left, head left, wearing helmet and military garb, raising olive branch in right hand, left hand resting on grounded shield, spear leaning on left arm, A (with open top, appearing as H) in left field; $70.00 (€57.40)
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D.
Mars is usually depicted nude and Virtus in military garb, but this figure is identified as Mars because it appears to be male.RA94172. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 636a, RSC IV 1322, Cunetio 1278, Normanby 264, SRCV III 10416, RIC V-1 S330 (S) corr. (obv. leg.), Hunter IV - (p. lxiv), aVF, tight flan cutting off much of legend, ragged edge, weight 1.953 g, maximum diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 180o, 10th offficina, Rome mint, 261 - 262 A.D.; obverse GALLIENVS AVG, radiate head right; reverse VIRTVS AVGVSTI (to the valor of the Emperor), Mars (or Virtus) standing left, helmeted, right foot on helmet, wearing military garb, olive branch in right hand, inverted spear in left, foot on helmet, X left; scarce; $70.00 (€57.40)
Romano-British Empire, Carausius, Mid 286 - Spring or Early Summer 293 A.D.
Virtus was a specific virtue in ancient Rome. It carried connotations of valor, manliness, excellence, courage, character, and worth, perceived as masculine strengths (from Latin vir, "man"). Virtus applied exclusively to a man's behavior in the public sphere, that is to the application of duty to the res publica in the cursus honorum. Private business was no place to earn virtus, even when it involved courage or feats of arms or other good qualities. There could be no virtue in exploiting one's manliness in the pursuit of personal wealth, for example. It was thus a frequently stated virtue of Roman emperors and was personified as the deity Virtus.RA73256. Billon antoninianus, Webb Carausius 1172, RIC V-2 1040 (R), Hunter IV -, SRCV IV -, Burton Latimer -, Bicester -, F, green patina, obverse slightly off center, earthen deposits, scratches, weight 2.586 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, die axis 225o, unmarked mint, c. mid 286 - 287; obverse IMP CARAVSIVS P AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VIRTVS AVG (courage of the Emperor), Virtus (or Mars) standing right, helmeted and draped, spear vertical in left hand, right hand resting on large grounded shield, no mint marks; from the Charles Peters Carausius Collection; rare; $60.00 (€49.20)
Romano-British Empire, Carausius, Mid 286 - Spring or Early Summer 293 A.D.
Although Ares was viewed by the Greeks primarily as destructive and destabilizing, worthy of contempt and revulsion, for the Romans, Mars was a father (pater) of the Roman people. He was the father of Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome. In early Rome, he was second in importance only to Jupiter, and the most prominent of the military gods in the religion of the Roman army. Most of his festivals were held in March, the month named for him (Latin Martius), and in October, which began and ended the season for military campaigning and farming.RA73268. Billon antoninianus, RIC V-2 844 (S), Webb 940, Hunter IV -, SRCV IV -, aF, well centered, nice green patina, weight 3.971 g, maximum diameter 22.1 mm, die axis 180o, uncertain British mint, c. mid 286 - 287; obverse IMP CARAVSIVS P AVG, radiate and draped bust right, early reign "moustache" portrait; reverse MARS VICTOR (Mars the Victor), Mars walking right, transverse spear in right hand, trophy over shoulder in left, no field marks, nothing in exergue; from the Charles Peters Carausius Collection; scarce; $60.00 (€49.20)
Probus, Summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
In 279, Probus defeated the Burgundians and Vandals in Raetia and Pannonia (modern Switzerland and Hungary). RA87907. Billon antoninianus, Cohen VI 337, RIC V-2 83 corr. (neither this bust nor 1st officina listed), Hunter IV -, SRCV III -, Choice VF, full circles centering, much silvering, some porosity, weight 3.783 g, maximum diameter 24.3 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Lugdunum (Lyon, France) mint, 278 - 279 A.D.; obverse IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse MARS VICTOR (Mars the Victor), Mars advancing right, nude but for helmet and chlamys tied on belt at waist and flying behind, transverse spear in right hand, trophy over shoulder in left hand; ex Beast Coins; rare variety; $60.00 (€49.20)
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D.
Mars, the male god of war, is usually shown nude and Virtus, the female personification of courage and valor, is always shown clothed. This figure, however, appears to be male and thus, Mars, or perhaps the emperor.RA94207. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 344a, RIC V-1 S317, RSC IV 1221c, SRCV III 10401, Hunter IV S32 var. (right foot on helmet), gVF, porosity, beginning of obverse legend weak, reverse off center, weight 3.414 g, maximum diameter 21.3 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Rome mint, 260- 261 A.D.; obverse GALLIENVS AVG, radiate head right; reverse VIRTVS AVG (the valor of the Emperor), Mars standing slightly left, head left, wearing crested helmet and military garb, globe in right hand, inverted spear in left hand, P (1st officina) right; scarce; $50.00 (€41.00)
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D.
During the siege of Milan, at a late hour but while he was still lingering with pleasures of the table, a false alarm was suddenly given, that Aureolus, at the head of all his forces, had made a desperate sally from the town. Gallienus, who was never deficient in personal bravery, started from his silken couch, and without allowing himself time either to put on his armor, or to assemble his guards, he mounted on horseback, and rode full speed towards the supposed place of the attack. Ambushed by enemies among his own officers, amidst the nocturnal tumult he received a mortal wound from an uncertain hand.RA94204. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 375x, RIC V-1 S325, RSC IV 1288, SRCV III -, Hunter IV -, Choice F, well centered, edge splits, weight 3.590 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 225o, Rome mint, 260 - 261 A.D.; obverse GALLIENVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VIRTVS AVG (the valor of the Emperor), Mars standing left, wearing helmet and military garb, right resting hand on grounded shield, spear vertical behind in left, VI right; $38.00 (€31.16)
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