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Byzantine Empire, Romanus IV, 1 January 1068 - 19 August 1071 A.D.
In modern usage, the term despot means a ruler or other person who holds absolute power, typically one who exercises it in a cruel or oppressive way. The original Greek term meant simply "lord" and was the Greek equivalent to the Latin dominus. Despotes was initially used as a form of address indicating respect. It was applied to any person of rank, but in a more specific sense to God, bishops and the patriarchs, and primarily the Roman and Byzantine Emperors.BZ91207. Bronze follis, DOC III-2 8, Morrisson BnF 1, Wroth BMC 9, Ratto 2030, Sommer 54.4, SBCV 1866, VF, well centered, nice portrait of Jesus, attractive toned copper surfaces, overstruck with strong undertype effects, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, weight 6.148g, maximum diameter 27.9mm, die axis 180o, 1 Jan 1068 - 19 Aug 1071 A.D.; obverse bust of Christ facing, wears pallium and colobium, Gospels in both hands, dotted cross behind head, IC - XC / NI-KA (Jesus Christ Conquers) flanking in two divided lines across the field; reverse cross with X at center and globus and pellets at the end of each arm, pellets and points at base, C - R / P - Δ (Greek abbreviation: ΣTAYPΕ BOΗΘΕI PΩMANΩ ΔΕΣΠOTΗ - May the cross protect the Despot Romanus) in the angles; from the S. Lindner Collection, ex Forum (2016); SOLD
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