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Ancient Pottery
Roman, Tarsus, Cilicia, Green Lead Glazed Skyphos (Drinking Cup), c. 50 B.C. - 50 A.D.

|Pottery| |Antiquities|, |Roman,| |Tarsus,| |Cilicia,| |Green| |Lead| |Glazed| |Skyphos| |(Drinking| |Cup),| |c.| |50| |B.C.| |-| |50| |A.D.|
Ex Royal-Athena Galleries, 1960's or earlier (with their tag on the bottom priced at $300); Ex Jerome Eisenberg, 1971. From the collection of Alex G. Malloy, former dealer in antiquities for 40 years.

Our skyphos appears to share the same glaze as a similar skyphos from Tarsus in the British Museum. The thick lead silicate glass glaze was used both on the interior and exterior but firing conditions resulted in the different interior and exterior colors. Because the glaze would bond to anything it touched in the kiln, these cups were fired upside down, supported by a tall stand with three long prongs which contacted only the interior bottom. The marks from the prongs can be seen inside. Click here to see the British Museum skyphos.

It was at Tarsus, during the same period this cup was made, that Cleopatra and Mark Antony held their celebrated feasts during the construction of their fleet (41 B.C.). Cups such as this were luxury items, suitable for such feasts.

AI36086. Anatolian Skyphos; Malloy, Ancient Art catalogue 1971, 151; cf. Walters, Catalogue of the Roman Pottery in the Dept. of Antiquities, British Museum, Choice, Tarsos (Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey) mint, deep rich green exterior, honey brown interior, cylindrical body with small grape (or floral) relief design on the side, palmet and scroll ornamented ring handles, low ring foot; reconstructed, near complete; SOLD


Kingdom of Judaea, First Temple Period, Pottery Wine Decanter or Beer Jug, 800 - 586 B.C.

|Holy| |Land| |Antiquities|, |Kingdom| |of| |Judaea,| |First| |Temple| |Period,| |Pottery| |Wine| |Decanter| |or| |Beer| |Jug,| |800| |-| |586| |B.C.|
This decanter form is the most typical of the type (see Hendrix, fig. 27) unique to the Kingdom of Judaea during the First Temple Period. Historians debate what liquid this type of vessel would have contained. Wine seems likely, and decanter engraved with the word "wine" was recovered in excavations at the biblical Tel Lachish. The Israel Antiquities Authority export approval certificate, however, describes our decanter as a beer jug!
AA99548. Gitin I p. 362, 3.3.7.3; Tushingham fig. 2, 11;, near Choice, complete, repaired crack at the handle/neck, 23.5cm (9 1/2") tall, 16cm (6 1/2") diameter, Iron Age IIB - IIC, 800 - 586 B.C.; finely shaped wheel made, pink-orange clay, conical mouth, rounded rim, conical neck, grooved strap handle from the neck to the shoulder, gently sloping broad shoulder with carinated edge, sack shaped body, ring base; ex Zak's Antiquities (Jerusalem, Oct 2020) with Israel Antiquities Authority export approval certificate; SOLD


Kingdom of Judaea, First Temple Period, Pottery Wine Decanter or Beer Jug, 800 - 586 B.C.

|Holy| |Land| |Antiquities|, |Kingdom| |of| |Judaea,| |First| |Temple| |Period,| |Pottery| |Wine| |Decanter| |or| |Beer| |Jug,| |800| |-| |586| |B.C.|
This decanter form is the typical of the type unique to the Kingdom of Judaea during the First Temple Period. Historians debate what liquid this type of vessel would have contained. Wine seems likely, and decanter engraved with the word "wine" was recovered in excavations at the biblical Tel Lachish. Some, however, describe this decanter type as a beer jug!
AA99540. Kingdom of Judaea, Decanter; Gitin I, p. 362, 3.3.7.2; Lachish V pl. 24, 11 & pl. 49, 6; Tushingham fig. 2, 11, Choice, complete and intact, 23cm (9 1/8") tall, 14cm (5 1/2") diameter, Iron Age IIB - IIC, 800 - 586 B.C.; well shaped, wheel made, pink-orange clay, conical mouth, rounded rim, conical neck, strap handle from the neck to the shoulder, broad sloping shoulder with carinated edge, sack shaped body, ring base; ex Mera Antiq (Yossi Eilon) Tel Aviv, found in Israel; SOLD


Kingdom of Israel, Northern (Wide-Mouth) Decanter, First Temple Period, c. 925 - 721 B.C.

|Holy| |Land| |Antiquities|, |Kingdom| |of| |Israel,| |Northern| |(Wide-Mouth)| |Decanter,| |First| |Temple| |Period,| |c.| |925| |-| |721| |B.C.|
This decanter type with a wide-mouth and grooved rim is attributed to the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Similar types are attributed to the Kingdom of Judah but those have a narrower mouth. This northern type has been found in strata dated to after the Assyrian destruction. Almost certainly these specimens were made before the destruction of the Kingdom of Israel, but continued to be used, probably as prized possessions, for about another century.
AA99539. Kingdom of Israel, decanter, cf. Gitin pl. 3.2.6, 10; Amiran p. 259, photos 255 - 256; Tell Es-Saidiyeh fig. 11, 12; James Beth-Shan fig. 71, 7, Choice, complete and intact, 22cm (8 5/8") tall, 14 cm (5 1/2") maximum diameter, Iron Age IIB - IIC, 925 - 721 B.C.; well shaped, wheel made, pink-orange clay, thin unburnished slip darkened to purplish gray, wide conical mouth, rounded grooved double rim, splayed conical neck, strap handle from the neck to the shoulder, sloping shoulder with carinated edge, ovoid body, ring base; ex Max Shick; ON LAYAWAY


Judaea, Terracotta Pottery Four-Horned Votive Altar, c. 1st - 2nd Century A.D.

|Holy| |Land| |Antiquities|, |Judaea,| |Terracotta| |Pottery| |Four-Horned| |Votive| |Altar,| |c.| |1st| |-| |2nd| |Century| |A.D.|
The book of Exodus relates that God gave Moses instructions..."You shall make the altar...five cubits long and five cubits wide, the altar is to be square, and three cubits high. Make its horns on the four corners, the horns to be of one piece with it." Smaller four-horned pottery altars found in Israel date back to at least as early as the 10th Century B.C. (Dayagi-Mendels, p. 65). Our altar was probably intended as a votive gift to be filled with incense and left burning at a temple or shrine.
AA99528. Terracotta pottery four-horned votive altar, Choice, complete and intact, small surface only crack in interior, light encrustations, 14.5cm (5 3/4") tall, 9.3cm (3 5/8") maximum width, c. 1st - 2nd Century A.D.; buff-pinkish-white clay (Munsell color 7.5YR 8/2), four horned altar: W-shaped cut on each of the four sides of the square mouth, a cylindrical column body, square stepped base with 4 legs; ex Archaeological Center (Robert Deutsch, Tel Aviv, Israel), auction 65 (27 Sep 2018), lot 472; ex S.M. Collection (Herzliya Pituah, Israel); very rare; SOLD


Cyprus, Red Polished Gourd Juglet, c. 2200 – 1750 B.C.

|Pottery| |Antiquities|, |Cyprus,| |Red| |Polished| |Gourd| |Juglet,| |c.| |2200| |–| |1750| |B.C.|
Red Polished Ware is a type of pottery from the Cypriot Bronze Age (2400 - 1600 B.C.), described as monochrome vessels with smooth surfaces, slipped in red or red-brown slips and burnished to a medium or high luster. Red Polished Ware includes a diverse range of vessel forms, including elaborate ritual vessels and zoomorphic shapes. Common decorations include incised motifs, relief decorations or mottled surfaces. Black rims and interiors to vessels were often created by use of specific and well-controlled firing techniques.
AA43808. cf. CVA Online Austria IV p. 23, taf. 12, pl. 162, 2 (V 1089) (different patterns), Choice, small chip at rim repaired with tiny fragment missing, a few surface chips to body, wear to polish with small areas missing, c. 2200 – 1750 B.C.; buff clay, red slip burnished to luster, flared shallow funnel mouth, narrow tubular neck, handle from rim to shoulder with round cross section, piriform-spherical body with round bottom, neck and body decorated with white-filled incised geometric patters: horizontal bands, concentric circles, and herringbone, 13.8cm (5 3/8") tall, 9.0cm (3 1/2") diameter; SOLD


Egyptian Predynastic Nagada Culture Red Ware Vessel, c. 3600 - 3200 B.C.

|Egyptian| |Antiquities|, |Egyptian| |Predynastic| |Nagada| |Culture| |Red| |Ware| |Vessel,| |c.| |3600| |-| |3200| |B.C.|
AB30997. Nagada vessel; height 11.5 cm, Choice, red ware fired jar with black burnished upper most portion, ovoid-conical shape slightly narrowing at the rim, small flattened bottom; rim chip and a few small scrapes; from an American private collection; SOLD


Canaanite, Cypriot Imitative Lentoid Terracotta Pilgrim Flask, Late Bronze Age - Early Iron Age, c. 1400 - 1100 B.C.

|Holy| |Land| |Antiquities|, |Canaanite,| |Cypriot| |Imitative| |Lentoid| |Terracotta| |Pilgrim| |Flask,| |Late| |Bronze| |Age| |-| |Early| |Iron| |Age,| |c.| |1400| |-| |1100| |B.C.|
This flask came to us identified as a Cypriot flask found in Israel. This form is from Cyprus but most Cypriot specimens are "red lustrous ware." Click here to see a superb Cypriot flask in the British Museum. Our specimen is red-orange clay with a buff or brown slip and clearly cruder than the Cypriot examples. It is imitative of the Cypriot type, almost certainly made locally in Canaan. The referenced Canaanite flask is discussed in Trude Dothan's (1979), Excavations at the cemetery of Deir El-Balah (available online). Deir El-Balah is in the central Gaza Strip. The cemetery's main period of use spans the 13th century B.C., with a possible beginning in the 14th and extension into the 12th. The flask was found in grave 116, cut into the sandstone, and containing an anthropoid coffin and burial gifts that indicate, like other similar burials in the cemetery, the dead was of high position, had an Egyptian cultural affiliation, and must have lived in the area. Dothan notes several similar flasks from other Canaanite excavations, one dated c. 1250 - 1200, and others found in a mixed Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age context.
AH23894. cf. Deir El-Balah (Qedem 10) p. 40, 29; see note 9 for a list of other finds; for Cypriot prototype see BM Online 1899-1229-102, Choice, complete and intact, slip worn, terracotta lentoid pilgrim flask, 19 cm (7 1/2") tall, red-orange clay with a buff-brown slip, asymmetrical lentoid body wheel made in two joined halves, long neck, mouth just slightly flared, single handle from shoulder to neck; ex Griffin Gallery of Ancient Art (Boca Raton FL); SOLD


Canaanite, Tell El Yahudiyeh Ware, Piriform Juglet, c. 1750 - 1550 B.C.

|Holy| |Land| |Antiquities|, |Canaanite,| |Tell| |El| |Yahudiyeh| |Ware,| |Piriform| |Juglet,| |c.| |1750| |-| |1550| |B.C.|
Vessels of this type are called Tell el-Yahudiyeh Ware, named for the site in Egypt were they were first identified by Flinders Petrie. Despite the name, it is now believed that the earliest and most specimens, mostly juglets, were made by Canaanites in what is now Israel and Jordan. They were likely used for perfumed oils. Tell el-Yahudiyeh Ware is covered with a very dark grey-brown, almost black, burnished slip. The decoration is incised and pricked, and the resulting lines and holes are filled with white chalk to contrast with the vessel's surface. The specimens in Kaplan with the form, size, and decoration, most similar to our juglet were found at Jericho, Beth Shemesh, and Amman.
AA99531. Canaanite juglet; cf. Kaplan, piriform type 3, figs. 74a (form) & fig. 75a (decoration); Amiran pl. 36, 9 (different decoration), Choice, complete and intact, finely made, with elegant style, tiny chips in the rim and base; 15cm (6") tall, 10cm (4") maximum diameter; dark grey (Munsell color 5YR 4/1) slip, reverse everted rim, grooved strap handle from rim to the shoulder, narrow neck, inscribed decoration on shoulder - a band defined by two horizontal lines connected by dotted (pricked) vertical lines, piriform body, small ring base; ex Mera Antiq (Yossi Eilon, Tel Aviv), found in Israel; SOLD


Late Roman - Byzantine, North Africa, Carthage, Pottery Oil Lamp With Leaping Lion, 5th Century A.D.

|Oil| |Lamps|, |Late| |Roman| |-| |Byzantine,| |North| |Africa,| |Carthage,| |Pottery| |Oil| |Lamp| |With| |Leaping| |Lion,| |5th| |Century| |A.D.|
AL23898. Pottery Oil lamp, cf. Ennabli p. 87 & pl. XIV, 290 (very similar, palmettes vice squares and circles); Louvre Lamps p. 109, 89; 14 cm (5 1/2") long, Choice, complete and intact, slip worn, 5th century A.D.; mold made, red clay with cream slip, lion leaping right, stretching from wick hole across channel and discuss toward handle, shoulder decorated with alternating pattern of ornate concentric squares and heart-shapes, with concentric circle on each side at the nozzle end, two fill holes, lug handle, raised ring base, concentric circles mark on bottom; ex Griffin Gallery of Ancient Art (Boca Raton FL); SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Adan-Bayewitz, D. Common Pottery in Roman Galilee : A Study Of Local Trade. (Ramat Gan, Israel, 1993).
Adan-Bayewitz, David & Moshe Wieder, "Ceramics from Roman Galilee: A comparison of several techniques for fabric characterization' in Journal of Field Archaeology 19, no. 2 (1992), pp. 189 - 205.
Amiran, R. Ancient Pottery of the Holy Land From its Beginning in the Neolithic Period to the End of the Iron Age. (New Brunswick, NJ, 1970).
Ben Tor, A. Two Burial Caves of the Proto-Urban Period at Azor, 1971; the first season of excavations at Tell-Yarmuth, 1970. Qedem 1. (Jerusalem, 1975).
Ashmead, A. & K. Phillips. Classical Vases, Excluding Attic Black-Figure, Attic Red-Figure and Attic White Ground. (Providence, RI, 1976).
Cook, R. Greek Painted Pottery. (London, 1961).
Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum - CVA Online - https://www.cvaonline.org/cva/
Dayagi-Mendels, M. & S. Rozenberg. Chronicles of the Land: Archaeology in the Israel Museum Jerusalem. (Jerusalem: 2011).
Dothan, T. Excavations at the Cemetery of Deir El-Balah. Qedem 10. (Jerusalem, 1979).
Ephraim S. Excavations at Tel Mevorakh (1973–1976). Part One: From the Iron Age to the Roman Period, Qedem 9. (Jerusalem, 1978).
Ephraim S. Excavations at Tel Mevorakh (1973–1976). Part Two: The Bronze Age, Qedem 18. (Jerusalem, 1984).
Flinders, P. & J. Quibell. Naqada and Ballas. (London, 1896).
Giorgos, G., M. Webb & D. Frankel. Psematismenos--Trelloukkas: An Early Bronze Age Cemetery in Cyprus. (Nicosia, 2011).
Gitin, S. (ed.). The Ancient Pottery of Israel and Its Neighbors, Volumes 1 and 2: from the Iron age through the Hellenistic Period. (Jerusalem, 2015).
Gitin, S. (ed.). The Ancient Pottery of Israel and Its Neighbors, Volume 3: from the Middle Bronze Age through the Late Bronze Age. (Jerusalem, 2019).
Hayes, J. Greek and Greek-Style Painted and Plain Pottery in the Royal Ontario Museum. (Toronto, 1992).
Hayes, J. Greek and Italian Black-Gloss Wares in the Royal Ontario Museum. (Toronto, 1984).
Hayes, J. Handbook of Mediterranean Roman. (Bath, 1979).
Hayes, J. Roman Pottery in the Royal Ontario Museum. (Toronto, 1976).
Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).
Johnson, F. The Farwell Collection: Monographs on Archaeology and Fine Arts. (Cambridge, MA, 1953).
Kelley, A. The Pottery of Ancient Egypt Dynasty I to Roman Times. (Toronto, 1976).
Kenyon, K. Archaeology in the Holy Land. 5th ed. (1985).
Mackenzie, D. Palestine Exploration Fund Annual 1912-1913: Excavations at Ain Shems (Beth-Shemesh). (London, 1913).
Marquent-Krause, J. Les fouilles de 'Ay (et-Tell): La Resurrection d'une Grande Cite Biblique. (Paris, 1949).
Mazar, A. Excavations at Tell Qasile, Part Two: The Philistine Sanctuary: Various Finds, The Pottery, Conclusions, Appendixes. Qedem 20. (Jerusalem, 1985).
Meredith, K. & A. Harnwell. Classical Vases, Excluding Attic Black-Figure, Attic Red-Figure and Attic White Ground. (Providence, RI, 1976).
Morris, D. The Art of Ancient Cyprus. (Oxford, 1985).
Negev, A. Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. (New York, 1972).
Nicholson, F. Greek, Etruscan and Roman Pottery. (1965).
Nigro, L. Tell Es-Sultan/Jericho in the Early Bronze II (3000-2700 BC): the rise of an early Palestinian city, A synthesis of the results of four archaeological expeditions. (Rome, 2010).
Oman, T. A Man and His Land, Highlights from the Moshe Dayan Collection. (Jerusalem, 1980).
Pande, B. "Harappan Ring-Kernoi: A Study" in East and West, Vol. 21, No. 3/4 (September-December 1971), pp. 311-323.
Rotroff, S. Hellenistic Pottery: The Plain Wares. The Athenian Agora Vol. 33. (Athens, 2006).
Sala, M. "Early Bronze II pottery productions at Tell es-Sultan" in Tell Es-Sultan (Rome, 2010), pp. 253 - 323.
Skupinska-Lovset, I. The Ustinov collection: The Palestinian pottery. (Oslo, 1976).
Stewart, J. Corpus of Cypriote artefacts of the Early Bronze Age, Parts 1-4. SIMA 3:1–4. (Göteborg, Jonsered, Uppsala, 1988 - 2012).
Talcott, L. "Attic Black-Glazed Stamped Ware and Other Pottery from a Fifth Century Well" in Hesperia, vol. 4, No. 3, (1935), pp. 476 - 523.
Tushingham, D. Excavations in Jerusalem, 1961-67, Vol. I. (Toronto, 1985).

The list above excludes references for oil lamps. References for oil lamps are listed on the shop's lamps page.

Catalog current as of Thursday, April 18, 2024.
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