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Historic Women on Coins

Mark Antony and Octavia, 39 B.C., Ephesos, Ionia

The obverse legend abbreviates Consul Designatus, Iterum et Tertium, meaning Consul Elect for the second and third time. The reverse legend abbreviates Triumvir Reipublicae Constituendae, the title adopted in November of 43 B.C. by the three Caesarian leaders (Mark Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus) when they formed the Second Triumvirate to oppose the tyrannicides Brutus and Cassius.SH86609. Silver cistophoric tetradrachm, RPC I 2202, Sydenham 1198, Crawford 263, RSC Octavia and M. Antony 3, Sear CRI 263, BMCRR East 135, SRCV I 1513, Choice gVF, toned, well centered, some die wear and rust, scratches, weight 11.723 g, maximum diameter 27.1 mm, die axis 0^o, Ephesos mint, summer - autumn 39 B.C.; obverse M ANTONIVS IMP COS DESIG ITER ET TERT (Consul Elect for the 2nd and 3rd time), conjoined head of Antony and bust of Octavia right, Antony nearer and wreathed in ivy, Octavia draped; reverse Dionysus standing half left on cista mystica, in his right hand, thyrsus in his left hand, flanked by two interlaced snakes with heads erect, III VIR (triumvir) downward on left, R P C (Reipublicae Constituendae) upward on right; $2700.00 (�2295.00)

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Plotina, Augusta 105 - 129 A.D., Amphipolis, Macedonia

Plotina was the wife of Trajan, married to him before his succession. She was renowned for her virtue and simplicity. In 100, Trajan awarded her with the title of Augusta, but she did not accept the title until 105. Plotina did not appear on the coinage until 112. She was largely responsible for Hadrian's succession to the throne after the death of Trajan. Plotina died in 129 A.D.SH79967. Bronze AE 24, RPC Online III 645, SNG Evelpidis 1170, Lindgren 980, SNG ANS -, SNG Cop -, BMC Macedonia -, Varbanov -, F, green patina, pitting, weight 9.487 g, maximum diameter 24.1 mm, die axis 180^o, Amphipolis mint, 105 - 129 A.D.; obverse CEBACTH ΠΛWTEINA, draped bust right; reverse AMΦIΠOΛTWN, Tyche seated left, patera in right hand; very rare; $400.00 (�340.00)

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Ptolemaic Kingdom, Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator, 51 - 30 B.C.

Cleopatra VII originally shared power with her father Ptolemy XII and later with her brother-husbands Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV. Her relationship with Julius Caesar led to sole rule. After Caesar's assassination, she aligned with Mark Antony. Her reign marks the end of the Hellenistic Era and the beginning of the Roman Era. She was the last Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt.GP87627. Bronze diobol, Svoronos 1871; Weiser 183; Noeske 380; SNG Cop 419; SNG Milan 428; BMC Ptolemies p. 123, 4; Hosking 166 (obol); Malter 284; SGCV II 7955, aF, porous, a few pits, weight 15.907 g, maximum diameter 27.6 mm, die axis 0^o, Alexandria mint, 50 - 31 B.C.; obverse diademed bust of Cleopatra right, with characteristic melon coif hairstyle; reverse KΛEOΠATPAΣ BACIΛICCHC (Queen Cleopatra), eagle standing left on thunderbolt, head left, wings closed, cornucopia left, Π (80 drachms) right; $360.00 (�306.00)

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Julia Domna, Augusta, 194 - 8 April 217 A.D.

Julia Domna and her children as Terra and the Four Seasons! "The flatterers of Julia Domna pretended that all things were owing to her. The star-besprinkled globe represents the Roman world, which with her husband Septimius Severus she governed; and to the empire of which she destines her two sons, Caracalla and Geta, who, together with as many daughters, are the proof of her fecundity." -- Rasche, T. ii pl l p 932.RS85789. Silver denarius, RIC IV S549 (R), RSC III 35, BMCRE V S21, Hunter III S22, SRCV II 6579, F, well centered, slightly rough with light even corrosion, edge cracks, weight 2.369 g, maximum diameter 20.0 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 207 A.D.; obverse IVLIA AVGVSTA, draped bust right, hair in horizontal ridges, bun at back of head; reverse FECVNDITAS (fertility), Terra reclining left under a vine, nude to the waist, right hand set on globe spangled with stars, leaning on left arm on basket of fruits, in background four children representing the four seasons; rare; $200.00 (�170.00)

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Ptolemaic Kingdom, Ptolemy II Philadelphos, 285 - 246 B.C.

Most finds of this type are from Bulgaria, suggesting a mint in Thrace. This type is found both with and without central depressions, indicating it was struck both before and after the coinage reform of 265 B.C., after which central depressions (dimples) became a feature of Ptolemaic coinage. This example is pre-reform. GP86417. Bronze AE 17, Svoronos 351, SNG Cop 100, Lorber CPE B310 var. (post reform), SNG Milan -, Weiser -, Noeske -, BMC Ptolemies -, Malter -, aVF, obv. die break from nose to edge, rev. well centered on a tight flan, bumps, marks, corrosion, without central cavities, weight 5.472 g, maximum diameter 17.4 mm, die axis 270^o, uncertain (Thracian?) mint, pre-reform, 285 - 265 B.C.; obverse veiled and diademed bust of Arsinoe II right; reverse ΠTOΛEMAIOY BAΣIΛEΩΣ (King Ptolemy), eagle standing left on fulmen (thunderbolt), head left, wings open, ∆I over

(AX monogram) left; see CNG e-auction 92 (23 Jun 2004), lot 64, for another specimen with the same obverse die break; rare; $180.00 (�153.00)

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Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia

This type is unpublished and missing from the ANS, Coin Archives, Wildwinds, and Asia Minor Coins databases online. After an exhaustive search we found one other example of this type. The only other example know to Forum is on our own website, in the Forum Ancient Coins Members' Gallery, Countermarks Theme Gallery - https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/displayimage.php?pos=-9970. Both coins were struck with the same dies.RP88898. Bronze 11 assaria, BMC Lycia -, SNG BnF -, SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, SNG Leypold -, SNG Hunterian -, SNG Righetti -, Lindgren -; c/m: Howgego 805 (169 pcs.), F, well centered on a broad flan, porous, reverse rough, weight 13.130 g, maximum diameter 29.1 mm, die axis 45^o, Side (Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, c. 254 - 260 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIA CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, star above, IA (mark of value) before neck, countermark: E in a 7mm round punch over mark of value (revaluation to 5 assaria); reverse CI∆TΩN NEΩKOPΩN, Tyche standing slightly left, head left, kalathos on head, rudder held by tiller in right hand, cornucopia in left hand; big 29mm bronze, apparently unpublished, extremely rare, and only the second specimen of the type known to Forum; $170.00 (�144.50)

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Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D.

Pietas in traditional Latin usage expressed a complex, highly valued Roman virtue; a man or woman with pietas respected his or her responsibilities to the gods, family, other people and entities (such as the state), and understood his or her place in society with respect to others.RB88150. Orichalcum sestertius, G�bl MIR 230d(2), RIC V 47 (S), Cohen V 86, Hunter IV J17, Banti 16, SRCV III 10680, F, squared flan, legend mostly unstruck or off flan, weight 18.499 g, maximum diameter 28.2 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 2nd - 4th emission of Gallienus, 255 - 257 A.D.; obverse CORNELIA SALONINA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head; reverse PIETAS AVGG, Pietas seated left, holding scepter; two children (Valerian II and Saloninus?) at her feet left, third child (Egnatius?) below throne, S C (senatus consulto) in exergue; ex Moneta Numismatic Services; $140.00 (�119.00)

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Faustina Junior, Augusta 146 - Winter 175/176 A.D., Wife of Marcus Aurelius

Although many coin references classify Fecunditas as a personification of fertility rather than as an actual deity, Fecunditas was recognized as a Roman divinity by Nero, who erected a statue to her. Tacitus notes that upon the birth of Claudia Neronis, the senate decreed the construction of a temple of Fertility to be built at Antium. Fecunditas is always portrayed as a female figure holding a child, or children and often a scepter, cornucopia, palm branch or caduceus. Sometimes the children are depicted standing at her feet. Coins portraying her usually advertise the fertility of the imperial family.RS89458. Silver denarius, RIC III MA677; RSC II 99; BMCRE IV MA91; Hunter II, p. 351, 4; SRCV II 5252, Choice gVF, well centered and struck, light tone, flow lines, reverse die wear, tiny edge cracks, weight 3.109 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, struck under Marcus Aurelius, 161 - 175 A.D.; obverse FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, draped bust right; reverse FECVNDITAS, Fecunditas (fertility) standing right, long scepter vertical in right hand, infant in extended left hand; $130.00 (�110.50)

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Julia Domna, Augusta 194 - 8 April 217 A.D.

Vesta was originally a household spirit. Later she was personified as the goddess of the hearth and given the stature of her Greek equivalent, Hestia. In the temple of Vesta her flame was kept alive by Vestal Virgins.RS86667. Silver denarius, RIC IV C390, RSC III 230, BMCRE V C29, Hunter III C10, SRCV II 7108, Choice aEF, superb portrait, well centered, light toning, reverse die wear, tiny edge cracks, weight 3.246 g, maximum diameter 19.1 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, reign of Caracalla, 211 - 217 A.D.; obverse IVLIA PIA FELIX AVG, draped bust right, hair in horizontal ridges, looped plait from ear around back of neck; reverse VESTA, Vesta standing facing, head left, veiled, palladium in right hand, long scepter vertical in left hand; from the Jyrki Muona Collection; $120.00 (�102.00)

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Otacilia Severa, Augusta February or March 244 - September or October 249 A.D.

Pudicitia was the personification of modesty and chastity. The empress Lucilla apparently felt she had too much chastity and her husband too little. It was not considered adultery for a Roman husband to have sex with slaves or unmarried women. The historian Spartianus wrote that after Lucilla complained, Lucius Verus reproached her: "Uxor enim dignitatis nomen est, non voluptatis" (Wife is the name of dignity, not bliss).RS87841. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV 123c, RSC IV 53, Hunter III 2, SRCV III 9159, Choice gVF, excellent portrait, full circles centering, attractive toning, flow lines, reverse die wear, some light marks and scratches, weight 4.253 g, maximum diameter 23.1 mm, die axis 180^o, Rome mint, 244 - 245 A.D.; obverse MARCIA OTACIL SEVERA AVG, diademed and draped bust right on a crescent; reverse PVDICITIA AVG (virtue of the Empress), Pudicitia seated left, drawing veil from face with right hand, long transverse scepter in left hand; $115.00 (�97.75)

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